CN210554394U - Self-discharging vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a dump truck, this dump truck include chassis, box, first hydro-cylinder, second hydro-cylinder and hydraulic system. The first oil cylinder drives the box body main body to turn over based on the first oil way, and the second oil cylinder drives the box door to open and close based on the second oil way. The reversing control device of the hydraulic system controls the on-off of the first oil path and the second oil path so as to control the extension and retraction of the first oil cylinder and the extension and retraction of the second oil cylinder, wherein when the box body is in a descending state, the reversing unit only allows the second oil path to be conducted so as to enable the box door to be opened and closed. When the box door is in an open state, the reversing unit only allows the first oil way to be conducted to enable the box body main body to be capable of overturning, and therefore the overturning of the box body main body and the opening and closing of the box door have a certain sequence and are not in a synchronous mode, so that the motion inertia of the box body main body and the box door is reduced, the gravity center deviation of the box body and goods borne by the box body is avoided, the dumper overturning is prevented, and the safety of the box body in the unloading process is improved.

Description

Self-discharging vehicle

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a tipper technical field, in particular to tipper.

Background

The dumper can bear large-batch cargos at one time, and short-distance transportation or long-distance transportation of the cargos is achieved. Along with the development of science and technology, the box body of the dumper is turned over under the action of pneumatic acting force or hydraulic acting force so as to automatically unload large batches of cargos borne by the box body.

In the related art, the turning of the box body and the opening and closing of the box door are synchronously performed based on a hydraulic control system, namely, the dump truck simultaneously turns the box body and opens and closes the box door. In the automatic unloading process of the box body, the gravity center height of the box body is continuously increased. If the mobility of goods is relatively poor, then the box can't break away from the goods at the process of upset, and simultaneously, the upset of box and the switching of chamber door are in the synchronization state for the box easily squints with the focus that bears the goods in the box, thereby takes place the accident of overturning easily.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a tipper improves the security of box at the discharge in-process.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

according to an aspect of the utility model, the utility model provides a dump truck, include: a chassis; the box body comprises a box body main body and a box door arranged on one side of the box body main body in an openable and closable manner; the box body main body is hinged to the bottom frame and can turn over and ascend or turn over and descend towards one side of the box door in the reverse direction; the cylinder body end of the first oil cylinder is hinged to the underframe, and the output end of the first oil cylinder is hinged to the box body main body and drives the box body main body to overturn; the cylinder body end of the second oil cylinder is hinged to the box body main body, and the output end of the second oil cylinder is hinged to the box door and drives the box door to open and close; the hydraulic system is provided with two working oil ports which are used for being communicated with the oil tank; the two working oil ports are respectively communicated with the first oil cylinder to form a first oil path for controlling the first oil cylinder to stretch; the two working oil ports are respectively communicated with the second oil cylinder to form a second oil path for controlling the second oil cylinder to stretch; the hydraulic system also comprises a reversing control device which is arranged corresponding to the box body and the box door and controls the on-off of the first oil path and the second oil path;

when the box body is in a descending state, the reversing control device only allows the second oil path to be conducted, so that the box door can be opened and closed;

when the box door is in an open state, the reversing control device only allows the first oil path to be conducted, so that the box body main body can be turned over;

optionally, the reversing control device includes a reversing unit and a control unit; the reversing unit is arranged on the first oil path and the second oil path, is connected to an external driving source and selectively allows only one of the oil paths to be conducted; the control unit comprises a turning control piece and an opening and closing control piece; the turning control piece and the opening and closing control piece are both positioned on a channel from the reversing unit to the external driving source; the turnover control piece is arranged on the box body main body and is triggered by the box door in an open state, so that the reversing unit is controlled to be only communicated with the first oil way; the opening and closing control piece is arranged on the bottom frame and is pressed by the box body in a descending state, so that the reversing unit is controlled to be only communicated with the second oil way.

Optionally, the reversing unit includes a first reversing member and a second reversing member; the first reversing piece is arranged on the first oil path and is connected with the overturning control piece; the second reversing piece is arranged on the second oil path and connected with the opening and closing control piece.

Optionally, the turning control member is a long-closed limit valve; the opening and closing control piece is a long-through limiting valve.

Optionally, a limit valve baffle is arranged on the surface of the box door; when the box door is in an open state, the limit valve baffle can abut against the overturning control piece and trigger the overturning control piece.

Optionally, the external driving source is an air source; the first reversing piece and the second reversing piece are both pneumatic control reversing valves.

Optionally, the first reversing piece and the second reversing piece are both three-position two-way valves, and each three-position two-way valve is provided with a port P, a port a and a port O; the first reversing piece is arranged in the first oil way and selectively conducts the oil way between the working oil port and the first oil cylinder; the second reversing piece is arranged in the second oil path and selectively conducts the oil path between the working oil port and the second oil cylinder.

Optionally, the first reversing piece has a port P, a port a and a port O; the PA port is connected with the second oil way; the PO port is connected with the first oil way, and the O port is in a blocking state; the second reversing piece is provided with a port P, a port A and a port O; the PA port is connected with the first oil way, and the A port is in a blocking state; the PO port is connected with the second oil path.

Optionally, a plurality of first oil cylinders are arranged in parallel in the first oil path; the hydraulic system further comprises a first synchronous valve, and the first synchronous valve is connected with the plurality of first oil cylinders and drives the plurality of first oil cylinders to synchronously extend and retract.

Optionally, a plurality of second oil cylinders are arranged in parallel in the second oil path; the hydraulic system further comprises a second synchronous valve, and the second synchronous valve is connected with the plurality of second oil cylinders and drives the plurality of second oil cylinders to synchronously extend and retract.

According to the above technical scheme, the utility model discloses following advantage and positive effect have at least:

the utility model discloses an among the tipper, first hydro-cylinder drives the upset of box main part based on first oil circuit, and the second hydro-cylinder drives the chamber door based on the second oil circuit and opens and shuts to the break-make of first oil circuit of switching-over controlling means control and second oil circuit, thereby the flexible of the first hydro-cylinder of control and the flexible of second hydro-cylinder, and then realize the switching of box unloading mode and box fall-back mode, wherein, when the box was located the state of falling, the switching-over unit only allowed the second oil circuit to switch on and make the chamber door can open and shut. When the box door is in an open state, the reversing unit only allows the first oil path to be communicated to enable the box body to turn over, so that the turning over of the box body and the opening and closing of the box door have a specific sequence, and in a box unloading mode, the first oil cylinder extends out of the second oil cylinder. In the box falling mode, the first oil cylinder retracts before the second oil cylinder retracts, so that the sequence between the extension of the first oil cylinder and the extension of the second oil cylinder is realized, the motion inertia of a box body main body and a box door is reduced, the gravity center offset of the box body and goods loaded on the box body is avoided, the dump truck is prevented from overturning, and the safety of the box body in the unloading process is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the oil cylinders in the embodiment of the dump truck

Figure 2 is a schematic view of the body tipping system of the invention in the unloading mode.

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of the internal structure of the case at a in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the reversing control device of the dump truck of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a connection diagram of the reversing unit of the dump truck of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a connection diagram of the control unit of the dump truck according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the oil feed switching device of the tractor.

The reference numerals are explained below:

100. a dump truck;

1. a chassis; 11. a chassis main body; 12. a lug; 13. a support plate; 131. a groove;

2. a box body; 21. a box body main body; 211. a notch; 212. a connecting plate; 213. clamping a plate; 22. a box door; 221. a box door main body; 222. a side plate; 2221. a limit valve baffle;

3. a first cylinder;

4. a second cylinder;

5. a hydraulic system; 51. an oil inlet switching device; 51a and a first working oil port; 51b and a second working oil port; 511. an oil tank; 512. a gear pump; 513. an oil passage control valve; 5131. a first oil outlet; 5132. a second oil outlet; 514. a pneumatic control valve; 515. a ball valve 515; 52. a commutation control device; 52a, a reversing unit; 52b, a control unit; 521. a first pneumatically controlled directional valve; 522. a second pneumatic control directional valve; 523. a first limit valve; 524. a second limit valve; 53. a first synchronization valve; 54. a second synchronizing valve.

6. And (4) a gas source.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments that embody features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following description. It is to be understood that the invention is capable of other and different embodiments and its several details are capable of modification without departing from the scope of the invention, and that the description and drawings are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive.

Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a dump truck 100. In an optional application scenario, in order to satisfy the automatic unloading function of the dump truck, the dump truck 100 optionally employs hydraulic control to implement multiple modes of change. In addition, the automatic unloading function of the dump truck is not limited to hydraulic control, and may be realized by pneumatic, mechanical, and the like. Next, the scheme of the present invention is described by taking the dump truck 100 as an example to realize the automatic unloading function of the dump truck by adopting hydraulic control.

In the related art, the dump truck realizes automatic unloading by a hydraulic control system, and realizes turning of the tank body and opening and closing of the tank door in a synchronous state. If the mobility of goods is relatively poor, then the box main part can't break away from the goods at the in-process of upset, simultaneously, the upset of box main part and the switching of chamber door are in the synchronization state for the box with bear the weight of the focus skew of the goods in the box, thereby the tipper takes place the turnover accident.

The utility model provides a dump truck 100 to prevent the dump truck from overturning through hydraulic pressure segment control. With reference to the view direction of fig. 1, the left side of the underframe 1 is "left" and the right side of the underframe 1 is "right" with the dump truck 100 as the orientation reference.

Referring to fig. 2, the dump truck 100 includes a chassis 1, a tank 2, a first cylinder 3, a second cylinder 4, and a hydraulic system 5. The box 2 is generally positioned on the chassis 1 and is hinged to the chassis 1. The cabinet 2 includes a cabinet main body 21 and a door 22 openably and closably provided on one side of the cabinet main body 21. The first oil cylinder 3 drives the box body main body 21 to turn over, the second oil cylinder 4 drives the box door 22 to open and close, wherein the first oil cylinder 3 and the second oil cylinder 4 are connected with the hydraulic system 5, and stretch and retract are realized under the control of the hydraulic system 5.

Further, the illustrated configuration is such that the dump truck 100 is unloaded to the left side, and here, the left side is not limited, and the left side may be used, and the right side and the rear side may be used, and if the dump truck 100 is unloaded to the right side, the position of the door 22 and the positions of the first cylinder 3 and the second cylinder 4 may be appropriately adjusted accordingly. If the dump truck 100 is unloaded to the rear side, the position of the truck door 22 and the positions of the first and second cylinders 3 and 4 may be appropriately adjusted accordingly. In addition, other structures of the dump truck are not the main points of the present invention, and are not shown in the drawings, and too much description is not given here.

The underframe 1 has high strength as a main support of the dump truck 100. The chassis 1 comprises a chassis body 11, a lug 12 and a support plate 13, wherein the lug 12 is convexly arranged on the left side of the chassis body 11, and the support plate 13 is connected on the right side. The upper surface of the support plate 13 exceeds the upper surface of the chassis main body 11. The upper surface of the supporting plate 13 is arc-shaped and is provided with a groove 131.

The box body 2 is arranged on the bottom frame 1, and the left side of the box body 2 is hinged with the lug 12 of the bottom frame 1, so that the box body 2 can be turned over laterally.

The cabinet 2 includes a cabinet main body 21 and a door 22 openably and closably provided on the left side of the cabinet main body 21.

The box body 21 is a hollow cavity with a certain wall thickness, and a notch 211 is formed in the left side of the box body 21. The left side of the box body 21 is provided with a connecting plate 212, and the connecting plate 212 is hinged with the lug 12 of the chassis 1, so that the box body 21 can be turned to the left side to be lifted or turned reversely to be lowered.

The right side of box main part 21 is provided with the arc section with backup pad 13 adaptation, accelerates the slope of the goods of arranging in box main part 21 through this arc section. Further, a catch plate 213 is provided on the right side of the box body 21, and the catch plate 213 can be engaged with the concave groove 131 of the support plate 13.

The door 22 is adapted to the notch 211 of the box body 21 and hinged to the left end of the box body 21, so that the door 22 can be opened and closed in the notch 211 of the box body 21. The door 22 includes a door main body 221 and side plates 222, and the side plates 222 are attached to both sides of the door main body 221, are perpendicular to the door main body 221, and face the cabinet main body 21. Wherein, a limit valve stop 2221 is convexly arranged on the surface of the side plate 222 of the box door.

The cylinder body end of the first oil cylinder 3 is hinged on the underframe main body 11 of the underframe 1, and the output end is hinged on the top of the box body main body 21. The output end of the first oil cylinder 3 extends out to drive the box body 21 to turn over, so that the box body 21 turns over around the lug 12 laterally to lift or lower the box body 21. Optionally, the first oil cylinders 3 are provided in a plurality, wherein the first oil cylinders 3 are respectively hinged to the box body 21 and are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the box body 21.

The cylinder body end of the second oil cylinder 4 is hinged to the box body main body 21, and the output end is hinged to the box door main body 221 of the box door 22. The output end of the second oil cylinder 4 extends out to drive the box door 22 to turn over, so that the box door 22 is opened and closed on the left side of the box body main body 21. Optionally, the second oil cylinders 4 are provided in plurality, wherein the second oil cylinders 4 are respectively hinged to the box door 22 and are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the box door 22.

The hydraulic system 5 is used for controlling the extension and retraction of the first oil cylinder 3 and the extension and retraction of the second oil cylinder 4 so as to realize that the turning of the box body main body 21 and the opening and closing of the box door 22 have a certain sequence and are not in a synchronous mode, thereby reducing the motion inertia of the box body main body 21 and the box door 22, further avoiding the gravity center offset of the box body 2 and the goods loaded on the box body 2, preventing the dump truck 100 from overturning and improving the safety of the box body 2 of the dump truck 100 in the unloading process. When the box body 2 is unloaded, the output end of the second oil cylinder 2 extends out and drives the box door 22 to be opened, and the output end of the first oil cylinder 3 begins to extend out and drives the box body main body 21 to overturn. When the box body 2 falls back, the output end of the first oil cylinder 3 retracts and drives the box body main body 21 to descend, and after the box body main body 21 is reset, the output end of the second oil cylinder 4 begins to retract and drives the box door 22 to be closed.

Referring to fig. 4 to 6, the hydraulic system 5 includes a first working oil port 51a, a second working oil port 51b, and a reversing control device 52. In the present embodiment, the hydraulic system further includes a first synchronizing valve 53 and a second synchronizing valve 54.

The first working oil port 51a and the second working oil port 51b are both used for being communicated with the oil tank 511, and both the two working oil ports are bidirectional oil ports, so that oil can be fed and oil can be returned.

The first working oil port 51a communicates with a rodless chamber of the first oil cylinder 3, and the second working oil port 51b communicates with a rod chamber of the first oil cylinder 3, thereby forming a first oil path for controlling the extension and retraction of the first oil cylinder 3. When the first working oil port 51a feeds oil and the second working oil port 51b feeds oil, the output end of the first oil cylinder 3 extends out. On the contrary, the output end of the first oil cylinder 3 retracts. Optionally, the plurality of first oil cylinders 3 are arranged in the first oil path in parallel, and connected to the first synchronization valve 53, and the plurality of first oil cylinders 3 are driven to synchronously extend and retract by the first synchronization valve 53.

The second working oil port 51b communicates with a rod chamber of the second oil cylinder 4, and the first working oil port 51a communicates with a rodless chamber of the second oil cylinder 4, thereby forming a first oil path for controlling the extension and retraction of the second oil cylinder 4. When the second working oil port 51b feeds oil and the first working oil port 51a returns oil, the output end of the second oil cylinder 4 extends out. On the contrary, the output end of the second oil cylinder 4 retracts. Optionally, the plurality of second oil cylinders 4 are arranged in the second oil path in parallel, and are connected to the second synchronizing valve 54, and the plurality of second oil cylinders 4 are driven to synchronously extend and retract by the second synchronizing valve 54.

The direction change control device 52 is installed corresponding to the box body main body 21 and the box door 22, and controls the on/off of the first oil path and the second oil path, thereby controlling the extension and contraction of the first oil cylinder 3 and the extension and contraction of the second oil cylinder 4. When the casing 2 is in the lowered state, the switching control device 52 allows only the second oil passage to be opened and closed, and the door 22 can be opened and closed. When the door 22 is in the open state, the direction change control device 52 allows only the first oil passage to be opened, and allows the casing main body 21 to be reversed. The reversing control device 52 comprises a reversing unit 52a and a control unit 52b, and the control unit 52b adjusts the oil outlet direction of the reversing unit 52a through the on-off of the air passage, so as to control the on-off of the first oil passage and the second oil passage, and further control the expansion of the first oil cylinder 3 and the expansion of the second oil cylinder 4.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the reversing control device 52 includes a first pneumatic-control reversing valve 521 and a second pneumatic-control reversing valve 522, wherein the first pneumatic-control reversing valve 521 is used as a first reversing member, the second pneumatic-control reversing valve 522 is used as a second reversing member, and the combination of the first pneumatic-control reversing valve 521 and the second pneumatic-control reversing valve 522 forms a reversing unit 52a, and the reversing unit 52a is disposed on the first oil path and the second oil path.

The first pneumatic directional control valve 521 is disposed on the first oil path, and selectively connects the oil paths between the first working oil port 51a and the second working oil port 51b, and the first oil cylinder 3, wherein the first pneumatic directional control valve 521 is connected to the first oil cylinder 3 and is configured to open and close an oil inlet pipeline of the first oil cylinder 3, so that the expansion and contraction of the first oil cylinder 3 are controlled. The first pneumatic control reversing valve 521 is connected with the first oil cylinder 3 and is used for switching on and off an oil inlet pipeline of the first oil cylinder 3, so that the expansion and contraction of the first oil cylinder 3 are controlled. The first pneumatic reversing valve 521 is a three-position two-way valve and is provided with a port P, a port A and a port O, and the port PA is connected with a second oil way; the PO port is connected with the first oil path, and the O port is in a blocking state.

When the first pneumatic directional control valve 521 is in the non-ventilation state, the first pneumatic directional control valve 521 is in the PO port, but the O port of the first pneumatic directional control valve 521 is in the blocking state, so that the first pneumatic directional control valve 521 is in the closed state, and the crude oil cannot flow through the first pneumatic directional control valve 521.

When the first pneumatic directional control valve 521 is in a ventilation state, the first pneumatic directional control valve 521 is at the port PA, and is in a conduction state, the crude oil can flow through the first pneumatic directional control valve 521.

The second pneumatic control directional valve 522 is disposed on the second oil path, and selectively connects the oil paths between the first working oil port 51a and the second working oil port 51b, and the second oil cylinder 4, wherein the second pneumatic control directional valve 522 is connected to the second oil cylinder 4 and is used for switching on and off an oil inlet pipeline of the second oil cylinder 4, so that the extension and retraction of the second oil cylinder 4 are controlled. The second pneumatic control directional valve 522 is a three-position two-way valve and is provided with a port P, a port A and a port O, the port PA is connected with the first oil way, and the port A is in a blocking state; the PO port is connected with the second oil path.

When the second pneumatic-control reversing valve 522 is in a non-ventilation state, the second pneumatic-control reversing valve 522 is in a PO port, which belongs to a ventilation state, and crude oil can flow through the second pneumatic-control reversing valve 522.

When the second pneumatic-control reversing valve 522 is in a ventilation state, the second pneumatic-control reversing valve 522 is in a port PA, but a port a of the second pneumatic-control reversing valve 522 is in a blocking state, so that the second pneumatic-control reversing valve 522 is in a closed state, and crude oil cannot flow through the second pneumatic-control reversing valve 522.

The reversing control 52 also includes a gas source 6, which gas source 6 is an external drive source and is permanently in a ventilated state. The air source 6 may be an air tank of the dump truck 100 itself, but is not limited thereto, and in addition, the dump truck 100 can realize the normal operation of the reversing control device 52 to the external air source 6. The air source 6 is communicated with the reversing unit 52a, and the reversing unit 52a selectively allows the communication of only the first oil path or the second oil path.

Referring to fig. 4 and 6, the reversing control device 52 further includes a first limit valve 523 and a second limit valve 524, wherein the first limit valve 523 is used as an overturning control member, the second limit valve 524 is used as an opening and closing control member, and the first limit valve 523 and the second limit valve 524 are combined to form the control unit 52 b. The first limit valve 523 and the second limit valve 524 are both located on the passage from the reversing unit 52a to the air source 6, and are communicated with the air source 6.

The first limit valve 523 is connected between the air source 6 and the first pneumatic control directional valve 521, and controls the on/off of the air channel of the first pneumatic control directional valve 521. The first limit valve 523 is a long-closed limit valve and is in a closed state in a natural state, at this time, the first pneumatic directional control valve 521 is in an unventilated state, the first pneumatic directional control valve 521 is in a PO port, but an O port of the first pneumatic directional control valve 521 is in a blocked state, so that the first pneumatic directional control valve 521 is in a closed state, and crude oil cannot flow through the first pneumatic directional control valve 521.

As shown in fig. 3, the first limit valve 523 is installed on the box body 21 and protrudes from the outer surface of the box body 21. When the box door 22 is in the open state, the limit valve baffle 2221 of the side plate 222 can abut against the first limit valve 523, so that the limit valve baffle 2221 of the side plate 222 contacts with the first limit valve 523 and triggers the first limit valve 523, and the first limit valve 523 is adjusted from the closed state to the conduction state, so that the air passage of the first pneumatic reversing valve 521 is conducted, at this time, the first pneumatic reversing valve 521 is in the ventilation state, the first pneumatic reversing valve 521 is at the port PA, so that the first pneumatic reversing valve 521 belongs to the conduction state, crude oil can flow through the first pneumatic reversing valve 521, and the first oil cylinder 3 can stretch and retract.

The second limit valve 524 is connected between the air source 6 and the second pneumatic-control direction-changing valve 522, and controls the on/off of the air passage of the second pneumatic-control direction-changing valve 522. The second limit valve 524 is a long-distance type limit valve and is in a conducting state in a natural state, at this time, the second pneumatic-control directional valve 522 is in a ventilating state, the second pneumatic-control directional valve 522 is in a port PA, but a port a of the second pneumatic-control directional valve 522 is in a blocking state, so that the second pneumatic-control directional valve 522 is in a closed state, and crude oil cannot flow through the second pneumatic-control directional valve 522.

As shown in fig. 2, the second limit valve 524 is installed on the chassis 1 and protrudes from the outer surface of the chassis 1. When the tank body 21 contacts with the chassis 1, the tank body 21 compresses the second limit valve 524, and triggers the second limit valve 524, so that the second limit valve 524 is adjusted from a conducting state to a closing state, at this time, the second pneumatic directional valve 522 is in a non-conducting state, the second pneumatic directional valve 522 is at a PO port, the second pneumatic directional valve 522 is in a conducting state, and crude oil can flow through the second pneumatic directional valve 522, so that the second oil cylinder 4 can extend and retract.

Preferably, the hydraulic system 5 takes power from a tractor towing the dump truck, i.e., the first working oil port 51a and the second working oil port 51b are communicated with an oil tank 511 of the tractor. Specifically, referring to fig. 7, an oil inlet switching device 51 is arranged on the tractor, and the oil inlet switching device 51 includes an oil tank 511, a gear pump 512, an oil path control valve 513 and an air control valve 514; the oil tank 511 is used for storing crude oil and supplying the crude oil. The oil outlet end of the oil tank 511 is connected with the oil inlet end of the gear pump 512, and the oil outlet end of the gear pump 512 is connected with the oil inlet of the oil path control valve 513, wherein the gear pump 512 is used as an oil transportation power source between the oil tank 511 and the oil path control valve 513, and can drive the crude oil in the oil tank 511 to be transported to the oil path control valve 513 under the negative pressure state. Optionally, a ball valve 515 is disposed between the oil tank 511 and the gear pump 512, the ball valve 515 is a one-way valve, and the on-off of an oil path between the oil tank 511 and the gear pump 512 can be realized by selecting a rotary switch.

The oil outlet of the oil path control valve 513 is provided with a first oil outlet 5131 and a second oil outlet 5132. The first oil outlet 5131 is communicated with the first working oil port 51a, and the second oil outlet 5132 is communicated with the second working oil port 51 b. Specifically, the oil path control valve 513 is a three-position four-way valve. The oil path control valve 513 is connected with an air control valve 514, and the oil outlet of the oil path control valve 513 is controlled to be switched by the air control valve 514.

The pneumatic control valve 514 is used as a manual control switch, and the oil outlet of the oil path control valve 513 can be switched by manually toggling. The pneumatic control valve 514 is a three-position two-way valve, and has three working positions, i.e., a TIP position, a middle position and a LOW position, which respectively correspond to the first oil outlet 5131, the middle stop and the second oil outlet 5132 of the control oil path control valve 513.

Specifically, the pneumatic control valve 514 is shifted to the left, the pneumatic control valve 514 is at the TIP position, the oil outlet of the oil path control valve 513 is the first oil outlet 5131, and the first working oil port 51a is communicated. The pneumatic control valve 514 is shifted from left to right, the pneumatic control valve 514 is at the LOW position, the first oil outlet 5131 of the oil passage control valve 513 is switched to the second oil outlet 5132, and the second working oil port 51b is communicated. The oil outlet of the oil way control valve 513 is switched by one-key control of the pneumatic control valve 514, so that the control mode of the reversing control device 52 on the first oil cylinder 3 and the second oil cylinder 4 is adjusted, the switching operation of the tank unloading mode and the tank falling mode is simplified, the misoperation is avoided, and the dumper is prevented from overturning.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the operating modes of the dump truck are as follows:

1. the box body 2 is loaded with goods and needs to be unloaded automatically, at the moment, the output end of the second oil cylinder 4 extends out and drives the box door 22 to be opened, the output end of the first oil cylinder 3 only begins to extend out to drive the box body main body 21 to overturn until the goods in the box body 2 are unloaded.

2. When the unloading of the goods in the box body 2 is finished, the box body 2 needs to fall back to the chassis 1, at the moment, the output end of the first oil cylinder 3 retracts and drives the box body 21 to reset, the output end of the second oil cylinder 4 begins to retract, and the box door 22 is driven to close until the box door 22 is closed.

Referring to fig. 4 to 7, the principle of the hydraulic system 5 corresponding to different working modes in the dump truck is as follows:

1. the box body 2 is in an automatic unloading mode: the pneumatic control valve 514 is shifted to the left, the pneumatic control valve 514 is at the TIP position, the oil outlet of the oil passage control valve 513 is the first oil outlet 5131, and the first working oil port 51a is communicated. Meanwhile, the gear pump 512 can drive the crude oil in the oil tank 511 to be delivered to the first oil outlet 5131 of the oil path control valve 513 in a negative pressure state, and the crude oil flows to the reversing control device 52 through the first working oil port 51 a.

The case body 21 contacts the chassis 1 and contacts the second limit valve 524, that is, the second limit valve 524 is pressed by the case 2 in the lowered state, so that the direction switching unit 52a is controlled to conduct only the second oil path, and the second limit valve 524 is in the closed state, the second pneumatic direction switching valve 522 is at the PO port, and the second pneumatic direction switching valve 522 is in the conducting state. The crude oil flows into the second cylinder 4 through the second pneumatic control reversing valve 522, so that the second cylinder 4 extends out and drives the box door 22 to open until the opening is finished.

Then, the first limit valve 523 is in a closed state before the door 22 is completely opened, the first pneumatic directional control valve 521 is in a PO port, however, the O port of the first pneumatic directional control valve 521 is in a blocked state, so that the first pneumatic directional control valve 521 is in the closed state, and the crude oil cannot flow through the first pneumatic directional control valve 521, so that the first oil cylinder 3 cannot stretch or contract. When the door 22 is completely opened, the limit valve baffle 2221 of the side plate 222 can abut against the first limit valve 523, so that the limit valve baffle 2221 of the side plate 222 contacts with the first limit valve 523 and triggers the first limit valve 523, that is, the first limit valve 523 is triggered by the box body 2 in an opened state, so that the reversing unit 52a is controlled to only conduct the first oil path, the contact of the first limit valve 523 is switched from a closed state to a conducted state, the first pneumatic reversing valve 521 is located at the port PA, the first pneumatic reversing valve 521 is in a conducted state, crude oil flows into the first oil cylinder 3 through the first pneumatic reversing valve 521, so that the first oil cylinder 3 extends out and drives the box body 21 to lift until the lifting is completed, and the unloading of the box body 2 is completed.

2. The box 2 is in a fall-back mode: the pneumatic control valve 514 is shifted to the right, the pneumatic control valve 514 is at the LOW position, the oil outlet of the oil passage control valve 513 is the second oil outlet 5132, and the second working oil port 51b is communicated. Meanwhile, the gear pump 512 can drive the crude oil in the oil tank 511 to be delivered to the second oil outlet 5132 of the oil path control valve 513 in a negative pressure state, and the crude oil flows to the reversing control device 52 through the second working oil port 51 b.

At this time, no crude oil flows through the first oil outlet 5131, the first pneumatic control directional valve 521 is in a conduction state, the crude oil flows into the first oil cylinder 3 through the first pneumatic control directional valve 521, so that the first oil cylinder 3 retracts and drives the box body main body 21 to reset until the box body main body 21 contacts the chassis 1, the box body main body 21 contacts the second limit valve 524, the second limit valve 524 is switched to a closing state from the conduction state, the second pneumatic control directional valve 522 is at a PO port, which is in the conduction state, the crude oil flows into the second oil cylinder 4 through the second pneumatic control directional valve 522, so that the second oil cylinder 4 retracts and drives the box door 22 to close until the closing is completed, and the box body 2 completely returns.

While the present invention has been described with reference to several exemplary embodiments, it is understood that the terminology used is intended to be in the nature of words of description and illustration, rather than of limitation. As the present invention may be embodied in several forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, it should also be understood that the above-described embodiments are not limited by any of the details of the foregoing description, but rather should be construed broadly within its spirit and scope as defined in the appended claims, and therefore all changes and modifications that fall within the meets and bounds of the claims, or equivalences of such meets and bounds are therefore intended to be embraced by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A dump truck, comprising:

a chassis;

the box body comprises a box body main body and a box door arranged on one side of the box body main body in an openable and closable manner; the box body main body is hinged to the bottom frame and can turn over and ascend or turn over and descend towards one side of the box door in the reverse direction;

the cylinder body end of the first oil cylinder is hinged to the underframe, and the output end of the first oil cylinder is hinged to the box body main body and drives the box body main body to overturn;

the cylinder body end of the second oil cylinder is hinged to the box body main body, and the output end of the second oil cylinder is hinged to the box door and drives the box door to open and close; and

the hydraulic system is provided with two working oil ports which are communicated with the oil tank; the two working oil ports are respectively communicated with the first oil cylinder to form a first oil path for controlling the first oil cylinder to stretch; the two working oil ports are respectively communicated with the second oil cylinder to form a second oil path for controlling the second oil cylinder to stretch;

the hydraulic system also comprises a reversing control device which is arranged corresponding to the box body and the box door and controls the on-off of the first oil path and the second oil path;

when the box body is in a descending state, the reversing control device only allows the second oil path to be conducted, so that the box door can be opened and closed;

when the box door is in an open state, the reversing control device only allows the first oil path to be conducted, so that the box body main body can be overturned.

2. The dump truck according to claim 1, wherein said reversing control device comprises a reversing unit and a control unit;

the reversing unit is arranged on the first oil path and the second oil path, is connected to an external driving source and selectively allows only one of the oil paths to be conducted;

the control unit comprises a turning control piece and an opening and closing control piece; the turning control piece and the opening and closing control piece are both positioned on a channel from the reversing unit to the external driving source;

the turnover control piece is arranged on the box body main body and is triggered by the box door in an open state, so that the reversing unit is controlled to be only communicated with the first oil way;

the opening and closing control piece is arranged on the bottom frame and is pressed by the box body in a descending state, so that the reversing unit is controlled to be only communicated with the second oil way.

3. The dump truck according to claim 2, wherein said reversing unit comprises a first reversing member and a second reversing member; the first reversing piece is arranged on the first oil path and is connected with the overturning control piece; the second reversing piece is arranged on the second oil path and connected with the opening and closing control piece.

4. The dump truck of claim 3, wherein said rollover control member is a long-closed limit valve; the opening and closing control piece is a long-through limiting valve.

5. The dump truck as claimed in claim 4, wherein a limit valve baffle is provided on the surface of the truck door; when the box door is in an open state, the limit valve baffle can abut against the overturning control piece and trigger the overturning control piece.

6. The dump truck of claim 3, wherein said external drive source is a gas source; the first reversing piece and the second reversing piece are both pneumatic control reversing valves.

7. The dump truck as claimed in claim 6, wherein the first reversing member and the second reversing member are both a three-position two-way valve having a port P, a port a and a port O;

the first reversing piece is arranged in the first oil way and selectively conducts the oil way between the working oil port and the first oil cylinder;

the second reversing piece is arranged in the second oil path and selectively conducts the oil path between the working oil port and the second oil cylinder.

8. The dump truck of claim 7, wherein said first reversing member has a port P, a port a and a port O; the PA port is connected with the second oil way; the PO port is connected with the first oil way, and the O port is in a blocking state;

the second reversing piece is provided with a port P, a port A and a port O; the PA port is connected with the first oil way, and the A port is in a blocking state; the PO port is connected with the second oil path.

9. The dump truck according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the first cylinders are provided and arranged in parallel in the first oil path; the hydraulic system further comprises a first synchronous valve, and the first synchronous valve is connected with the plurality of first oil cylinders and drives the plurality of first oil cylinders to synchronously extend and retract.

10. The dump truck according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of second cylinders are provided and arranged in parallel in the second oil path; the hydraulic system further comprises a second synchronous valve, and the second synchronous valve is connected with the plurality of second oil cylinders and drives the plurality of second oil cylinders to synchronously extend and retract.

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