Vehicle-mounted methanol hydrogen production device
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a technical field that utilizes engine waste heat to carry out methyl alcohol vaporization, schizolysis specifically is a vehicle-mounted methyl alcohol hydrogen plant.
Background
Compared with gasoline and diesel oil, the methanol has high H/C and octane number, wide lean combustion range, high compression ratio allowed for engine, 50% oxygen in methanol molecule, fast combustion speed, oxygen-containing combustion supporting, full combustion, high heat efficiency, capacity of purifying in engine and reducing CO, HC, NOx and other conventional gas exhaust, and is oxygen-rich, environment friendly and high energy fuel.
If methanol is used as a direct alternative fuel for automobiles, serious problems such as low heat value, easy corrosion to engines, poor lubricity, various toxic pollutants in exhaust gas and the like are caused. Thus, the above disadvantages of methanol as a direct alternative fuel can be overcome by cracking methanol into hydrogen and carbon monoxide and burning them in the engine cylinder. The methanol cracking gas contains rich hydrogen, and can realize thin and quick combustion, thereby improving the thermal efficiency of the engine, greatly reducing harmful emissions and improving the dynamic property and the economical efficiency of the engine. Research shows that the fuel economy of the gasoline engine after hydrogen-doped combustion is improved by 30 percent, the combustion rate of the mixed gas can be improved by using gasoline/hydrogen mixed gas when the gasoline engine is partially loaded, and pure gasoline is used to ensure power output when the gasoline engine is loaded at high load; after the diesel engine is doped with hydrogen, the ignition and combustion-retarding period is shortened, the combustion can be completed near the top dead center, and the ignition and combustion-retarding period is not greatly influenced by the oxygen content in the mixed gas, so that conditions are created for reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides by adopting exhaust gas recirculation. Therefore, the methanol cracking gas can provide the cleanest and environment-friendly fuel of hydrogen energy for automobiles. Meanwhile, in the aspect of hydrogen energy utilization, the problems of inconvenience in hydrogen storage, low safety coefficient and the like are solved by methanol cracking, and the application prospect is good. In addition, the methanol can be completely cracked at a lower temperature by using a special catalyst, so that the technical route of cracking the methanol to prepare hydrogen by absorbing the waste heat of the automobile exhaust and using the methanol as the fuel of the internal combustion engine is technically supported.
The technology of recycling the waste heat of the engine is an important development direction of the future automobile technology, the hydrogen production by cracking the methanol is a process of converting gaseous methanol into hydrogen and carbon monoxide, namely a process of producing hydrogen by the hydrogen production reaction by cracking liquid methanol after vaporization, for example, Chinese utility model patent CN106241734A discloses a hydrogen production reactor by cracking the methanol, which comprises a shell and a cracking tube, wherein the methanol enters the tube through one port of the cracking tube, the tube is filled with a catalyst, the cracking tube is used as a cracking cavity, the inner cavity of the shell is used as a heat exchange cavity, a spiral tube body is directly installed in the inner cavity of the shell, and tail gas exchanges heat with the cracking tube through the inner; the waste heat of the tail gas of the engine is utilized to heat the methanol, so that the methanol is vaporized and cracked to produce hydrogen to react into mixed gas of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and the like, and the mixed gas is introduced into a combustion chamber of the engine to be mixed and combusted with gasoline or diesel oil after cracking, thereby improving the combustion efficiency of the engine, reducing the pollutant emission of the engine, enhancing the waste heat utilization of the engine and improving the energy efficiency of the engine. However, the methanol cracking hydrogen production reactor has obvious defects, which are as follows: 1. because the methanol is vaporized and cracked to produce hydrogen in the same spiral tube body successively, and the vaporization and cracked hydrogen production reaction can be completed in a very short time or in a certain specific section of the tube body, the continuous vaporization process of the methanol which is not fully vaporized and the cracked hydrogen production reaction process of the methanol which is fully vaporized can be influenced and interfered with each other in the process that the methanol which is not fully vaporized and the methanol which is fully vaporized flow together in the tube, and the vaporization, cracked hydrogen production reaction efficiency and effect of the methanol are influenced, thereby influencing the hydrogen production efficiency and effect; 2. because the spiral pipe body is filled with the spherical catalyst (the non-metallic core), the 'air resistance' in the spiral pipe body can be caused, and the heat conduction efficiency of the spherical catalyst (the non-metallic core) is poor, the heat exchange efficiency of tail gas and methanol can be influenced inevitably, the vaporization and cracking hydrogen production reaction efficiency and effect of the methanol can also be influenced, and the hydrogen production efficiency and effect can also be influenced.
In addition, when the internal temperature condition of the methanol cracking hydrogen production reactor does not reach the temperature condition required by the methanol vaporization and cracking hydrogen production reaction, if methanol is continuously supplied at this time, waste is inevitably caused.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at overcoming the defects and shortcomings in the prior art and providing a vehicle-mounted methanol hydrogen production device.
The technical scheme of the utility model as follows:
the utility model provides a vehicle-mounted methanol hydrogen production device, includes engine, engine exhaust pipe, methanol hydrogen production ware, methyl alcohol storage box, nozzle joint and the control unit, its characterized in that: the methanol hydrogen producer comprises a shell, the shell is arranged in an exhaust pipeline of the engine, the two ends of the shell are respectively provided with an air inlet and an air outlet which are communicated with the exhaust pipeline of the engine, the shell is respectively provided with a methanol vaporization bin and a catalytic hydrogen production bin, the methanol vaporization bin is internally provided with a pipeline, the catalytic hydrogen production bin is a closed bin chamber, one end of the pipeline is a liquid methanol inlet end and extends out of the shell and then is connected with the nozzle joint, the other end of the pipeline is a gaseous methanol outlet end and extends into the catalytic hydrogen production bin from one end of the catalytic hydrogen production bin, the other end of the catalytic hydrogen production bin is provided with a hydrogen outlet extending out of the shell and connected with an air outlet pipe, a carrier is arranged in the catalytic hydrogen production bin, and the air outlet pipe is wound on an engine exhaust pipeline and communicated with the engine; the methanol storage tank is connected with the nozzle joint sequentially through a methanol pump and a nozzle;
the control unit comprises an ECU (electronic control Unit), a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, an engine rotating speed sensor, an accelerator pedal position sensor, an air inlet pressure sensor and a pump actuator, wherein the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are respectively arranged in a methanol vaporization bin and a catalytic hydrogen production bin, the air inlet pressure sensor is arranged in an engine air inlet channel, the ECU is respectively and electrically connected with the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, the engine rotating speed sensor, the accelerator pedal position sensor and the air inlet pressure sensor, and is respectively and electrically connected with the methanol pump, a nozzle and the pump actuator.
The vehicle-mounted methanol hydrogen production device is characterized in that: the shell is a metal cylinder, and two ends of the shell are respectively provided with an extending part.
The vehicle-mounted methanol hydrogen production device is characterized in that: the pipeline is an S-shaped pipeline formed by bending a metal pipe.
The vehicle-mounted methanol hydrogen production device is characterized in that: the catalytic hydrogen production bin is a metal cylinder with two closed ends.
The vehicle-mounted methanol hydrogen production device is characterized in that: the carrier comprises a metal cylinder and a core column with pores, wherein the core column is arranged in the metal cylinder, and the pores of the core column are adhered with the noble metal catalyst.
The vehicle-mounted methanol hydrogen production device is characterized in that: and a liquid level sensor electrically connected with the ECU is arranged in the methanol storage bin.
The vehicle-mounted methanol hydrogen production device is characterized in that: the ECU is connected with a touch screen.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. the utility model adopts a unique methanol hydrogen production device, namely, a relatively independent methanol vaporization bin and a catalytic hydrogen production bin are respectively arranged in the same shell, and the waste heat of the engine is utilized to carry out the vaporization and cracking hydrogen production reaction of methanol respectively, so that the vaporization and cracking hydrogen production reaction of methanol are mutually independent and do not influence each other, the efficiency and the effect of the vaporization and cracking hydrogen production reaction of methanol can be improved, and the hydrogen production efficiency and the effect can be improved; in addition, the carrier attached with the noble metal catalyst is arranged in the catalytic hydrogen production bin, so that the gas blockage in the catalytic hydrogen production bin can not be caused on the premise of effectively improving the reaction rate of the methanol cracking hydrogen production, the adopted noble metal catalyst has good heat conduction efficiency, the heat exchange efficiency of tail gas and methanol can not be influenced, the cracking hydrogen production reaction efficiency and effect of the methanol can be further improved, and the hydrogen production efficiency and effect can be further improved.
2. The utility model discloses set up first in methyl alcohol vaporization storehouse and catalysis hydrogen manufacturing storehouse respectively, two temperature sensor, detect the real-time temperature value in methyl alcohol vaporization storehouse and the catalysis hydrogen manufacturing storehouse respectively, can provide more accurate real-time temperature value to ECU, ECU is according to methyl alcohol vaporization, the required temperature setting value of schizolysis hydrogen manufacturing reaction controls methyl alcohol pump and nozzle and opens or close, thereby can avoid not reaching methyl alcohol vaporization because of the inside temperature condition of casing, the required temperature condition of schizolysis hydrogen manufacturing reaction continuously supplies with the waste that methyl alcohol caused, the cost is practiced thrift.
3. The utility model discloses to be used for to the engine hydrogen supply's outlet duct winding on engine exhaust pipe way, utilize the engine waste heat to keep warm, ensured that the gaseous state methyl alcohol that does not the schizolysis reaction of a little that together gets into the engine along with hydrogen can not liquefy into liquid methyl alcohol to the normal work of engine has been guaranteed.
4. The utility model discloses an accelerator pedal position sensor detects accelerator pedal's real-time position and feeds back to ECU, and ECU delays or postpones control pump executor work according to the procedure of setting for, adjusts instantaneous oil feed of engine, air input, reaches the purpose that delays engine response time, has solved because violently stepping on "throttle" and cause the too big problem of exhaust emissions, has reduced exhaust emissions, environmental protection more.
5. The utility model discloses an engine speed sensor and the real-time operating mode of pressure sensor detection engine that admits air feed back to ECU, come the supply volume of accurate control methyl alcohol through ECU, from the angle of the supply volume of guaranteeing methyl alcohol, can improve the vaporization of methyl alcohol, schizolysis hydrogen manufacturing reaction efficiency to can improve hydrogen manufacturing efficiency, improve the dynamic behavior of engine.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the structural principle of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the external three-dimensional structure of the methanol hydrogen production device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the methanol hydrogen production device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the methanol hydrogen production apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a structural sectional view of the carrier of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic block diagram of the structure of the control unit in the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to the attached drawing, the vehicle-mounted methanol hydrogen production device comprises an engine 1, an engine exhaust pipeline 2, a methanol hydrogen production device 3, a methanol storage box 4, a nozzle joint 5 and a control unit, wherein the methanol hydrogen production device 3 comprises a shell 3-1, the shell 3-1 is installed in the engine exhaust pipeline 2, two ends of the shell 3-1 are respectively provided with an air inlet and an air outlet which are communicated with the engine exhaust pipeline 2, a methanol vaporization bin 3-2 and a catalytic hydrogen production bin 3-3 are respectively arranged in the shell 3-1, a pipeline 3-4 is arranged in the methanol vaporization bin 3-2, the catalytic hydrogen production bin 3-3 is a closed bin, one end of the pipeline 3-4 is a liquid methanol inlet end 3-5 and is connected with the nozzle joint 5 after extending out of the shell 3-1, the other end of the pipeline 3-4 is a gaseous methanol outlet end 3-6 and is connected with one of the catalytic bin 3-3 One end extends into the catalytic hydrogen production bin 3-3, the other end of the catalytic hydrogen production bin is provided with a hydrogen outlet 3-7 extending from the shell 3-1 and connected with an air outlet pipe 6, a carrier 3-8 is arranged in the catalytic hydrogen production bin 3-3, and the air outlet pipe 6 is wound on an engine exhaust pipeline 2 and leads to the engine 1; the methanol storage tank 4 is connected with the nozzle joint 5 through a methanol pump 7 and a nozzle 8 in sequence;
the control unit comprises an ECU9, first and second temperature sensors 10 and 11, an engine rotating speed sensor 12, an accelerator pedal position sensor 13, an intake pressure sensor 14 and a pump actuator 15, wherein the first and second temperature sensors 10 and 11 are respectively arranged in a methanol vaporization bin 3-2 and a catalytic hydrogen production bin 3-3, the intake pressure sensor 14 is arranged in an air inlet channel of the engine 1, and the ECU9 is respectively and electrically connected with the first and second temperature sensors 10 and 11, the engine rotating speed sensor 12, the accelerator pedal position sensor 13 and the intake pressure sensor 14 on one hand, and is respectively and electrically connected with the methanol pump 7, the nozzle 8 and the pump actuator 15 on the other hand.
In the utility model, the shell 3-1 is a metal cylinder, and the two ends of the shell 3-1 are respectively provided with an extension part 3-9, which is convenient for assembly.
The pipes 3-4 are S-shaped pipes formed by bending metal pipes.
The catalytic hydrogen production bin 3-3 is a metal cylinder with two closed ends.
The carrier 3-8 comprises a metal cylinder 3-8-1 and a core column 3-8-2 with pores arranged in the metal cylinder 3-8-1, and a noble metal catalyst is attached to the pores of the core column 3-8-2.
A level sensor 16 electrically connected to the ECU9 is provided in the methanol storage tank 4 for detecting the level of liquid methanol in the methanol storage tank 4.
The ECU is connected with a touch screen 17, and related parameters such as temperature values required by methanol vaporization and cracking hydrogen production reaction can be input through the touch screen 17, and the ECU can also be used for displaying related parameters such as internal temperature values of the methanol hydrogen production device 3, engine working conditions (engine rotating speed value and engine air inlet pressure value) and methanol supply values.
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the utility model discloses a 12V DC power supply 18 supplies power.
The catalytic hydrogen production bin 3-3 is a metal cylinder with two closed ends and can be fixed on the inner wall of the shell 3-1 in a fixed welding mode.
The methanol vaporization bin 3-2 is a fan-shaped clamping cavity formed between the inner wall of the shell 3-1 and the outer wall of the catalytic hydrogen production bin 3-3, the pipeline 3-4 is an S-shaped pipeline formed by bending a metal pipe on one hand, and is an arc-shaped structure distributed along the fan-shaped methanol vaporization bin 3-2 on the other hand, the pipeline 3-4 can be fixed on one side of the catalytic hydrogen production bin 3-3 by adopting a plurality of arc-shaped connecting strips 3-10 in a fixed welding mode, the tail gas entering the methanol vaporization bin 3-2 can form turbulent flow by the plurality of arc-shaped connecting strips 3-10, and the heat exchange efficiency of the tail gas and the catalytic hydrogen production bin 3-3 and the pipeline 3-4 can be further improved.
Tail gas exhausted by an engine 1 enters an engine exhaust pipeline 2 and enters a shell 3-1 through an air inlet, a methanol pump 7 pumps liquid methanol stored in a methanol storage tank 4 out, the liquid methanol is sprayed into a pipeline 3-4 through a nozzle joint 5 and a liquid methanol inlet end 3-5 in sequence by a nozzle 8, the pipeline 3-4 exchanges heat with the tail gas with waste heat, the liquid methanol in the pipeline 3-4 is gradually vaporized to become gaseous methanol, the gaseous methanol enters a catalytic hydrogen production bin 3-3 through a gaseous methanol outlet end 3-6, the gaseous methanol is subjected to cracking hydrogen production reaction under the catalysis of a noble metal catalyst under the environment of high temperature and certain pressure to obtain hydrogen, and then the hydrogen enters a combustion chamber of the engine 1 through a hydrogen outlet 3-5 and an air outlet pipe 6 to be mixed and combusted with gasoline or diesel oil, so that the combustion efficiency of the engine can be improved, and the pollutant emission of the engine is reduced.
The first temperature sensor 10 and the second temperature sensor 11 respectively detect real-time temperature values in the methanol vaporization bin 3-2 catalytic hydrogen production bin 3-3 and provide relatively accurate real-time temperature values for the ECU9, and the ECU9 controls the methanol pump 7 and the nozzle 8 to be opened or closed according to temperature set values required by methanol vaporization and cracking hydrogen production reactions; when the real-time temperature values detected by the first and second temperature sensors 10 and 11 are far less than the temperature set values required by the methanol vaporization and cracking hydrogen production reactions, the temperature conditions in the shell 3-1 are not enough to meet the temperature conditions required by the methanol vaporization and cracking hydrogen production reactions, the ECU9 turns off the methanol pump 7 and the nozzle 8, and turns on the methanol pump 7 and the nozzle 8 when the temperature conditions in the shell 3-1 can meet the temperature conditions required by the methanol vaporization and cracking hydrogen production reactions, so that the waste caused by continuous methanol supply is avoided, and the cost is saved.
An air outlet pipe 6 for supplying hydrogen to the engine is wound on the engine exhaust pipeline 2, and heat preservation is performed by using the waste heat of the engine, so that a small amount of gaseous methanol which enters the engine together with the hydrogen and is not subjected to cracking reaction is ensured not to be liquefied into liquid methanol, and the normal work of the engine 1 is ensured.
In the process, the accelerator pedal position sensor 13 detects the real-time position of the accelerator pedal and feeds the real-time position back to the ECU9, the ECU9 delays or delays the work of the control pump actuator 15 according to a set program, and adjusts the instantaneous oil inlet and air inlet amount of the engine 1, so that the aim of delaying the response time of the engine is fulfilled, the problem of overlarge exhaust emission caused by violently stepping on the accelerator is solved, the exhaust emission is reduced, and the engine is more environment-friendly.
The engine speed sensor 12 and the air inlet pressure sensor 14 detect the real-time working condition of the engine 1 and feed back the real-time working condition to the ECU9, and the ECU9 accurately controls the amount of methanol sprayed from the nozzle 8 according to the real-time working condition of the engine 1, so that the supply amount of the methanol can be accurately controlled, the reaction efficiency of the methanol vaporization and the hydrogen production by cracking can be improved from the angle of ensuring the supply amount of the methanol, the hydrogen production efficiency can be improved, and the power performance of the engine can be improved.
The above embodiments are only described for the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention, and the modifications and improvements made by the technical solutions of the present invention should fall into the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.