CN210514082U

CN210514082U - Transmission-type smokemeter

Info

Publication number: CN210514082U
Application number: CN201920610562.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张帆
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-04-29
Filing date: 2019-04-29
Publication date: 2020-05-12
Anticipated expiration: 2029-04-29

Abstract

The utility model discloses a transmission-type smokemeter, wherein, including the box body, the speculum that is equipped with in box body both sides, the detection mechanism that is equipped with in box body one side, be equipped with on the box body with the inside communicating three-way valve of box body, and be equipped with on the box body with the inside communicating fan of box body. The utility model discloses have the method that utilizes the light path to pass cigarette light passageway many times, make and reach the same effective light passageway length and dwindle greatly than the required space of traditional approach, the effectual prior art that has solved is bulky, heavy and power consumptive big problem.

Description

Transmission-type smokemeter

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a belong to survey the cigarette meter field, in particular to transmission-type smokemeter.

Background

At present, smokemeters on the market are designed according to a schematic diagram of the smokemeter principle in the national metrological verification regulation jjjg 976-2010 (hereinafter, referred to as verification regulation) of the people's republic of china (see fig. 1, which is a one-way optical path smokemeter). So that the transmission-type smoke meter with single-channel type and original-path reflection type structures,

the traditional smoke meter belongs to a one-way transmission type, and has the defects of large volume, an additional rotating speed measuring device, long adapting wires required to be arranged between a lower computer and an upper computer, total weight of more than 12 kilograms, power consumption as high as 200 watts, a 220-volt power supply required to be used and the like. When the vehicle is actually looked up on a highway, the vehicle must be matched with a generator or an inverter for use. If the inverter is used for a long time, the inverter must be powered by the battery of the automobile, and the automobile to be powered cannot be flamed out in the using process. It is very inconvenient to use.

At present, a smoke meter is designed according to a verification standard of original road reflection back-and-forth distance measurement in verification regulation, the effective length of an optical channel is shortened by 50 percent (see fig. 2 for a double-way optical path smoke meter), but the smoke meter still has a large integral size and cannot overcome the defect of large volume. Although the original path reflection type shortens the effective length of the channel from 0.430m to 0.215m, the overall size of the handheld device is too large.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The noun explains:

smoke light channel-the area through which smoke and light beams pass together.

In view of the above problem, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for passing a smoke light channel 8 through a light path for a plurality of times, so as to greatly reduce the space required for reaching the effective light channel length of 0.430m specified by the calibration rules, and to effectively solve the problems of large volume, heavy weight and large power consumption of the existing transmission-type smoke meter by cooperating with various improvement measures.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a pair of transmission-type smokemeter, wherein, including the box body, the detection mechanism who is equipped with in box body one side, be equipped with on the box body with the inside communicating three-way valve 21 of box body, and be equipped with on the box body with the inside communicating fan 22 of box body.

The two ends of the three-way valve 21 are respectively provided with a flue gas inlet 2 and an air inlet 1;

the box body comprises a shell, a first reflector 15 and a second reflector 16 which are respectively arranged at two sides of the shell, and a partition board which divides the interior into two spaces is arranged in the shell;

the space at one side of the clapboard is an air channel 23 communicated with the fan 22, and the space at the other side of the clapboard is a smoke light channel 8 communicated with the three-way valve 21;

the positions between the two sides of the clapboard and the first reflector 15 and the second reflector 16 are respectively provided with an air curtain nozzle 4 communicated with an air channel 23; smoke outlets 3 which are communicated with the air curtain nozzles 4 and the smoke light channel 8 and are vertical to the air curtain nozzles 4 are respectively arranged at the positions between the two sides of the smoke light channel 8 and the first reflector 15 and the second reflector 16; the shell corresponding to the positions of the tail outlets at the two sides is provided with an air curtain outlet 5 communicated with the flue gas outlet 3 and the outside; the two ends of the first reflector 15 are respectively provided with a light-transmitting window 32;

the detection mechanism comprises a light source 10 arranged on one side of a first light-transmitting window 32 of the first reflector 15 and a transmitted light receiver 18 arranged on one side of a second light-transmitting window 32 of the first reflector 15;

the light generated by the light source 10 reaches the transmitted light receiver 18 after being reflected between the first reflector 15 and the second reflector 16 a plurality of times in the smoke light path 8.

The partition plate is provided with a triangular protruding shell 25 communicated with the three-way valve 21.

A spectroscope 17 for separating the light beam of the light source 10 into an incident light beam 11 and a reference light beam 14 is arranged between the light-transmitting window 32 and the light source 10; a reference light 14 receiver 19 for receiving the reference light 14 is disposed at a position irradiated with the reference light 14.

The transmitted light receiver 18 is on the same side as the reference light receiver 19. Close to each other, helps to further suppress temperature drift.

And a bell mouth 7 is arranged on the air curtain outlet 5. Increase the suction to the flue gas, reduce the power consumption of air curtain 6.

And a light-transmitting window 32 at the bottom of the shell is provided with a standard filter card position.

The first reflector 15 and the second reflector 16 are both composed of transparent glass 30, a light absorption coating 33 arranged on the transparent glass 30 at the inner side of the shell and a light reflection coating 31 arranged on the transparent glass 30 at the outer side of the shell. The light absorbing coating 33 is not present on the transparent glass 30 where light reflection and light transmission are required. The advantage is that the light absorbing effect is very good, the disadvantage is that the light absorbing coating 33 is easily damaged when cleaning the transparent glass 30.

Further, the first reflector 15 and the second reflector 16 are both composed of transparent glass 30, a reflective coating 31 disposed on the transparent glass 30 outside the housing, and a light absorbing coating 33 disposed on the outer surface of the reflective coating 31. The transparent glass 30 has a reflective coating 31 only at the portion where light reflection is required, and the portion where light is transmitted has no light absorbing coating 33. Advantageous effects the transparent glass 30 is cleaned without damaging the reflective coating 31 and the light absorbing coating 33.

Still further, the first reflector 15 and the second reflector 16 are both made of transparent glass 30, and a light absorbing coating 33 is provided on the transparent glass 30 outside the housing. The light absorbing coating 33 is not present on the transparent glass 30 where light reflection and light transmission are required. Then, the reflective coating 31 is deposited on the back surface, and then the protective coating 34 is coated on the outer side of the reflective coating 31 and the light-transmitting part is reserved. Finally, the light-reflecting coating 31 on the light-transmitting part is dissolved. The effect is the same as the previous method, the production efficiency is greatly improved, and only one more silk screen is needed compared with the previous method.

The number of times the light is reflected between the first reflector 15 and the second reflector 16 in the smoke light path 8 is at least three times or more.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are that have the method that utilizes zigzag light path to pass cigarette light passageway 8 many times, make and reach the required space of effective light passageway length 0.430m of examination regulation and dwindle greatly, solved prior art bulky, heavy and consume electricity big scheduling problem. The method comprises the following specific steps: (1) the utility model discloses give up the method that conventional reflection type light original route returned, adopted the zigzag light path to pass through the cigarette light passageway 8 that has irritated the car flue gas many times, under the prerequisite that does not reduce 8 effective length in cigarette light passageway, reduced 8 width size in cigarette light passageway greatly. For example, the number of the passes is increased to 10, the length of the single pass through the flue can be reduced to 0.043m and 20, and the length of the single pass through the flue can be reduced to 0.0215m, so that the smokemeter can meet the verification regulation of a single-channel transmission-type smokemeter, and the problem of volume limitation of handheld equipment can be solved. (2) The national standard only allows the transmittance of the standard neutral filter to be 71%, 50% and 34% respectively, and 84%, 71% and 58% of the original return, and specifies the algorithm of the light absorption coefficient K, the effective length Ls of the standard light channel and the absorption ratio Ns of the effective length of the standard light channel, that is, whatever the size is adopted, so long as the final data meet the national standard. Therefore, the smoke meter which the zigzag light path passes through for multiple times can be known, the national standard is mentioned but allowed in principle, and the transmission ratios of the standard neutral optical filter are 71%, 50% and 34% respectively. (3) Due to the multiple reflections, it is particularly sensitive to contamination of the glass surface and must be calibrated frequently. Although the method of connecting the sampling pipe to the air can be used for calibration, the sampling pipe needs to be pulled out from the exhaust pipe of the automobile, at least 10 seconds are needed for completely exhausting the smoke in the sampling pipe, and the calibration state or the measurement state is switched by the three-way valve 21, that is: when the calibration is needed, the sampling pipe is skipped to directly enter the air inlet 1, and when the detection is needed, the smoke inlet 2 is used. Calibration can typically be completed in 1 second. The maximum advantage is that the measurement can be carried out when the machine is started, the instrument is not required to be preheated and is stable, and the extremely high measurement precision can be realized. In addition, the widely used constant temperature heating in the prior art is a way of dealing with the temperature drift of the light source 10 and the photosensor, and since the way needs long waiting time to be stable, the practice proves that the waiting time is saved by 90% when the constant temperature is not used. Since the temperature drift is objective, the temperature is not required to be constant and is required to wait for at least 3 to 5 minutes.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of prior art 2;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of another view angle of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of D-D of FIG. 5;

fig. 8 is a schematic top view of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of B-B in FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of part A of FIG. 8;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the box body of the present invention at the incident light 11;

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional structural view of A-A in FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of a portion of B in FIG. 12;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the box body at the reference light 14 according to the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional structural view of B-B in FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 is an enlarged partial view of C in FIG. 15;

fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of the three-way valve 21 on the box body of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional structural view of C-C of FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 is an enlarged partial view of D in FIG. 18;

FIG. 20 is a schematic horizontal sectional view of the flue gas and air fluid configuration inside the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a schematic vertical sectional view of the flue gas and air fluid inside the present invention;

fig. 22 is a schematic view of the internal cross-section of the flue gas and air flow pattern of the present invention.

Fig. 23 is a signal processing flow chart of the present invention.

1. The device comprises an air inlet, 2, a smoke inlet, 3, a smoke outlet, 4, a wind curtain nozzle, 5, a wind curtain outlet, 6, a wind curtain, 7, a bell mouth, 8, a smoke light channel, 9, a reflector, 10, a light source, 11, incident light, 12, transmitted light, 13, back light, 14, reference light, 14, 15, a first reflector, 16, a second reflector, 17, a spectroscope, 18, a transmitted light receiver, 19, a reference light 14 receiver, 20, a standard optical filter clamping position, 21, a three-way valve, 22, a fan, 23, an air channel, 24, a smoke channel, 25, a triangular protruding shell, 30, transparent glass, 31, a reflective coating, 32, a light-transmitting window, 33, a light-absorbing coating and 34, and a protective coating.

Detailed Description

The following describes the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 2 to 22, a transmission-type smokemeter comprises a case, a detecting mechanism provided at one side of the case, a three-way valve 21 provided on the case to communicate with the inside of the case, and a fan 22 provided on the case to communicate with the inside of the case. The two ends of the three-way valve 21 are respectively provided with a flue gas inlet 2 and an air inlet 1; the box body comprises a shell, a first reflector 15 and a second reflector 16 which are respectively arranged at two sides of the shell, and a partition board which divides the interior into two spaces is arranged in the shell; the space at one side of the clapboard is an air channel 23 communicated with the fan 22, and the space at the other side of the clapboard is a smoke light channel 8 communicated with the three-way valve 21; the positions between the two sides of the clapboard and the first reflector 15 and the second reflector 16 are respectively provided with an air curtain nozzle 4 communicated with an air channel 23; the smoke outlet 3 communicated with the air curtain nozzle 4 and the smoke light channel 8 is respectively arranged at the position between the two sides of the smoke light channel 8 and the first reflector 15 and the second reflector 16; the shell corresponding to the positions of the tail outlets at the two sides is provided with an air curtain outlet 5 communicated with the flue gas outlet 3 and the outside; light-transmitting windows 32 are respectively arranged between the two ends of the first reflector 15 and the shell; the detection mechanism comprises a light source 10 arranged on one side of a light-transmitting window 32 at the bottom of the shell and a light receiver arranged on one side of the light-transmitting window 32 at the top and bottom of the shell; the light generated by the light source 10 reaches the light receiver after being reflected between the first reflector 15 and the second reflector 16 for a plurality of times in the smoke light path 8. The partition plate is provided with a triangular protruding shell 25 communicated with the three-way valve 21. A spectroscope 17 for separating the light beam of the light source 10 into an incident light beam 11 and a reference light beam 14 is arranged between the light-transmitting window 32 and the light source 10; a reference light 14 receiver 19 for receiving the reference light 14 is disposed at a position irradiated with the reference light 14. The light receiver is on the same side as the reference light 14 receiver 19. And a bell mouth 7 is arranged on the air curtain outlet 5. And a light-transmitting window 32 at the bottom of the shell is provided with a standard filter card position. The first reflector 15 and the second reflector 16 are both composed of transparent glass 30, a light absorption coating 33 arranged on the transparent glass 30 at the inner side of the shell and a light reflection coating 31 arranged on the transparent glass 30 at the outer side of the shell. The number of times the light is reflected between the first reflector 15 and the second reflector 16 in the smoke light path 8 is at least three times or more.

A spectroscope 17 for separating the incident light 11 into a light beam is arranged on one side of the light-transmitting window 32 corresponding to the position of the incident light 11 emitted by the light source 10; the light beam is reference light 14; the position irradiated by the reference light 14 is provided with a reference light 14 receiver 19 for receiving the light beam, and the reference light 14 receiver 19 eliminates the influence of temperature drift on measurement.

The three-way valve 21 is mainly used for calibration at the moment of two measurements, ensuring an initial calibration before each measurement. Provided that the three-way valve 21 described above is not used in designs where measurement efficiency requirements are not high. The three-way valve 21 occupies a large space, needs a special driving device and is complex, but compared with the method for resisting temperature drift of the reference light 14, the method has the advantages of resisting temperature drift, resisting light path pollution, greatly prolonging the cleaning and maintenance period of an instrument, realizing uninterrupted on-line monitoring and having a better use effect. The light receiver is on one side with the reference light 14 receiver 19.

Note that: the channel length should be calculated as the upper length based on the hydrodynamic properties, as shown in fig. 22. The effective optical path length is the total length of the beam passing through the smoke, for illustrative convenience 10 passes through the tunnel, each pass being 43mm, for a total of 430 mm. The specific penetration times depend on the size limit of the smoke meter, and the smaller the size, the more times, the higher the installation precision requirement and the more sensitive to pollution.

In order to thoroughly solve the temperature drift problem, the utility model discloses utilize spectroscope 17 to produce a reference light 14 and be connected with reference light 14 receiver 19 at reference light 14 receiver 19 through light source 10, later utilize feedback circuit to adjust light source 10 output intensity, make the signal intensity that reference light 14 receiver 19 received invariable. Since the reference light 14 receiver 19 and the transmitted light receiver 18 are in the same environment and have the same parameters, the drift of more than 99% can be counteracted. The start-up is ensured to be measured, the measurement is accurate, and waiting is not needed. Most of domestic manufacturers use a leak in the verification standard and adopt a zero locking means to deal with zero drift, namely: after the equipment is calibrated, the zero point is automatically locked, and the numerical value is displayed only when the signal change is large. When the optical filter is inserted, the zero locking function is invalid, and the drift problem is exposed. The utility model discloses use reference technique and need not zero point locking, can easily realize in 30mi N, the N value drift of smokemeter is no longer than 1.0% standard.

The purpose of the three-way valve 21 is to calibrate immediately before each measurement to ensure that it was calibrated immediately before each measurement. The light channel is directly communicated with the atmosphere through the three-way valve 21, smoke in the light channel can be completely exhausted within 1 second, and the three-way valve 21 is not used in the design that the requirement on the measurement efficiency is not particularly high in the whole calibration time. The three-way valve 21 is not used, and the flue gas in the sampling pipe can be emptied and calibrated after the sampling device is 5 to 10 seconds away from the flue gas.

Description of the wind curtain 6: the main function of the air curtain 6 is to form a barrier between the smoke and the reflector, and protect the lens from being polluted by the smoke. And the other function is to generate negative pressure when the smoke passes through the smoke outlet 3 and suck the smoke out. In order to increase the suction force, the lower side of the smoke outlet 3 can be retracted by 0.2-1 mm, and the air curtain outlet 5 is connected with the bell mouth 7, so that the resistance of the air curtain 6 can be reduced, and the smoke suction amount can be increased. The power consumption of the air curtain 6 accounts for more than 80% of the total power consumption, and is a key part for reducing the energy consumption.

There are many signal processing circuits, which are necessary basic knowledge for those skilled in the art, and the specific circuits are not described in detail here, and only the signal processing flow (fig. 23) will be described:

firstly, a controlled high-frequency signal source is used for exciting a light source 10, the light source 10 generally uses a green laser head, the light source 10 emits a high-frequency pulse signal, reference light 14 and incident light 11 are separated by a spectroscope 17, and are compared with a reference voltage by a reference light 14 receiver 19 and a detection amplifier (the problem of unstable laser tube output power can be completely overcome by using the reference voltage), and the amplitude of the light source 10 excited by the frequency signal source is corrected according to errors, namely: amplitude modulation amplification (the modulated light source 10 system is not sensitive to ambient light changes, and can greatly improve the measurement accuracy). Because the transmitted light receiver 18 and the reference light receiver 14 have the same model parameters and are very close to each other, the installation positions are very close to each other, the temperature difference can be ignored, and the temperature drift is very little. The whole process perfectly solves the three problems of unstable laser tube power, ambient light interference and temperature drift of the light receiver.

The mirrors (fig. 11-19) are key components, and have the advantages that the mirrors are not damaged during cleaning and maintenance, each step is easy to realize although the steps are multiple, the mass production is facilitated, the mirror array can be manufactured on a large piece of glass and then cut into single mirrors, and the efficiency is very high.

The first reflector and the second reflector are both made of transparent glass, a reflective coating arranged on the transparent glass on the outer side of the shell and a light absorption coating arranged on the outer side surface of the reflective coating; the method is characterized in that a light-reflecting coating is only arranged on a part needing light reflection on transparent glass, and a light-absorbing coating is not arranged on a light-transmitting part, and the specific flow is 1. a piece of clean glass is prepared. 2. The reflective coating 31 is deposited by silver mirror reaction. 3. And (4) screen printing a protective film on a part needing light reflection. 4. And (5) curing or drying. 5. The reflective coating 31 without the protective film is washed off by soaking in dilute nitric acid. 6. And (5) cleaning and drying. 7. The light absorbing coating 33 is screen printed except for the light transmissive window 32. 8. And (5) curing or drying. 9. And (5) cutting and quality testing.

The first reflector and the second reflector are both made of transparent glass, and a light absorption coating is arranged on the transparent glass on the outer side of the shell; the transparent glass is not provided with a light absorption coating at the position needing light reflection and light transmission, then a light reflection coating is deposited on the back, and then a protective coating is coated on the outer side of the light reflection coating and the light transmission position is reserved; finally, the reflective coating film on the light-transmitting part is dissolved. The specific flow is 1. a piece of clean glass is prepared. 2. The light absorbing coating 33 is screen printed. And 3, curing or drying. 4. The reflective coating 31 is deposited by silver mirror reaction. 5. And (5) cleaning and drying. 6. And (4) screen printing a protective film. 7. And (5) curing or drying. 8. The reflecting film 31 on the light-transmitting window 32 is washed away by soaking with dilute nitric acid to make it light-transmitting. 9. And (5) cleaning and drying. 10. And (5) cutting and quality testing.

Besides reducing the interference of scattered light, the main purpose of the light-absorbing coating 33 is to ensure the correct number of reflections, which if not right, will result in the light beam striking the light-absorbing coating 33 and the signal not reaching the transmitted light receiver 18, thus avoiding mistakes in the production process.

The display and control part is not essentially different from the prior smoke meter and is not repeated.

What has been described above are only some embodiments of the invention. For those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept, several modifications and improvements can be made, which are within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A transmission-type smokemeter is characterized by comprising a box body, a detection mechanism arranged on one side of the box body, a three-way valve arranged on the box body and communicated with the interior of the box body, and a fan arranged on the box body and communicated with the interior of the box body;

the two ends of the three-way valve are respectively provided with a smoke inlet and an air inlet;

the box body comprises a shell, a first reflector and a second reflector which are respectively arranged at two sides of the shell, and a partition board which divides the interior into two spaces is arranged in the shell;

the space at one side of the partition board is an air channel communicated with the fan, and the space at the other side of the partition board is a smoke light channel communicated with the three-way valve;

the positions between the two sides of the partition plate and the first reflector and the second reflector are respectively provided with an air curtain nozzle communicated with the air channel; smoke outlets which are communicated with the air curtain nozzle and the smoke light channel and are vertical to the air curtain nozzle are respectively arranged at the positions between the two sides of the smoke light channel and the first reflector and between the two reflectors; the shell corresponding to the positions of the tail outlets at the two sides is provided with an air curtain outlet communicated with the smoke outlet and the outside; light-transmitting windows are respectively arranged at two ends of the first reflector;

the detection mechanism comprises a light source arranged on one side of a first light-transmitting window of the first reflector and a transmitted light receiver arranged on one side of a second light-transmitting window of the first reflector;

the light generated by the light source reaches the transmitted light receiver after being reflected for multiple times between the first reflector and the second reflector in the smoke light channel.

2. A transmission-type smoke meter as set forth in claim 1, wherein said partition is provided with a triangular projection communicating with the three-way valve.

3. A transmission-type smoke meter according to claim 1, wherein a beam splitter for splitting the light beam from the light source into an incident light beam and a reference light beam is provided between the light-transmissive window and the light source; and a reference light receiver for receiving the reference light is arranged at the position irradiated by the reference light.

4. A transmission-type smoke meter according to claim 3, wherein said transmitted light receiver is on the same side as the reference light receiver.

5. A transmission-type smoke meter according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein said air curtain outlet is flared.

6. The transmission-type smoke meter according to claim 1, wherein a standard filter detent is provided on the first light-transmissive window at the bottom of the housing.

7. The transmission-type smoke meter according to claim 1, wherein said first reflecting mirror and said second reflecting mirror are each composed of a transparent glass, and a light absorbing coating layer provided on the transparent glass on the inner side of the housing and a light reflecting coating film provided on the transparent glass on the outer side of the housing; the transparent glass is not provided with a light absorption coating at the position needing light reflection and light transmission.

8. The transmission-type smoke meter according to claim 1, wherein the first reflecting mirror and the second reflecting mirror are made of transparent glass, and a reflective coating film provided on the transparent glass outside the housing and a light absorbing coating provided on the outer surface of the reflective coating film; only the part needing light reflection is provided with a light reflection coating on the transparent glass, and the part which is light-transmitting is not provided with a light absorption coating.

9. A transmission-type smoke meter according to claim 1, wherein said first reflecting mirror and said second reflecting mirror are both made of transparent glass, and a light absorbing coating is provided on the transparent glass outside the housing; the transparent glass is not provided with a light absorption coating at the position needing light reflection and light transmission, then a light reflection coating is deposited on the back, and then a protective coating is coated on the outer side of the light reflection coating and the light transmission position is reserved; finally, the reflective coating film on the light-transmitting part is dissolved.

10. The transmission-type smoke meter according to claim 1, wherein the number of times the light beam is reflected between the first reflecting mirror and the second reflecting mirror in the smoke light path is at least three times or more.