CN210490708U

CN210490708U - Electromagnetic clutch

Info

Publication number: CN210490708U
Application number: CN201921599014.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李鹏
Original assignee: Chery Automobile Co Ltd
Current assignee: Chery Automobile Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-09-24
Filing date: 2019-09-24
Publication date: 2020-05-08
Anticipated expiration: 2029-09-24

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electromagnetic clutch relates to the power transmission field, and this electromagnetic clutch includes rotor, driving shaft, control mechanism and driven shaft. The rotor comprises a first rotor and a second rotor, one of the first rotor or the second rotor is a permanent magnet rotor, the other rotor is a squirrel cage rotor, and an air gap is formed between the first rotor and the second rotor; one end of the driving shaft is connected with a power source; the control mechanism controls the other end of the driving shaft to be connected or disconnected with one side of the first rotor, which is far away from the second rotor; one end of the driven shaft is connected with one side, far away from the first rotor, of the second rotor. The whole process of connection and disconnection of the electromagnetic clutch is realized by control of the control mechanism without electrifying, so that easily-worn parts such as a winding rotor, a collecting ring and an electric brush are not needed, and larger impact current cannot be caused when the switch is connected, so that the reliability of the electromagnetic clutch is improved.

Description

Electromagnetic clutch

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a power transmission field, in particular to electromagnetic clutch.

Background

An electromagnetic clutch is an important component in an automatic control system. The device utilizes the electromagnetic induction principle, and under the condition that a driving shaft does not stop rotating, a driven shaft can be combined with or separated from the driving shaft, so that the torque of a power source is transmitted to one side of the driven shaft from one side of the driving shaft, and the functions of quick starting, braking, positive and negative rotation or speed regulation and the like of a machine are controlled through the driven shaft. It is widely used in various mechanisms, such as a transmission mechanism in a machine tool.

A winding type electromagnetic clutch in the related art transmits torque on a driving shaft to a driven shaft by utilizing the electromagnetic action between a permanent magnet rotor and a winding rotor. In the electromagnetic clutch, the on-off of the current of a winding loop is realized through an external circuit switch, so that the on-off function of torque transmission between a driving shaft and a driven shaft is realized. Because a mechanical or electronic switch is needed to realize the on-off of the winding, when the difference between the rotating speeds of the winding rotor and the permanent magnet rotor is large, the switch can cause large impact current when being switched on, and the clutch can be in failure.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An embodiment of the utility model provides an electromagnetic clutch can avoid producing impulse current to improve electromagnetic clutch's reliability. The technical scheme is as follows:

the utility model provides an electromagnetic clutch, electromagnetic clutch includes: rotor, driving shaft, control mechanism and driven shaft. The rotor comprises a first rotor and a second rotor, both the first rotor and the second rotor are revolving bodies, the first rotor and the second rotor are coaxially sleeved, and an air gap is formed between the first rotor and the second rotor; one of the first rotor or the second rotor is a permanent magnet rotor, the other rotor is a squirrel cage rotor, and a driving shaft with one end used for connecting a power source is coaxially arranged with the first rotor; the control mechanism is used for controlling the other end of the driving shaft and the first rotor to switch between a disconnection state and a coaxial connection state; one end of the driven shaft is coaxially connected with the second rotor.

Optionally, the control mechanism includes a spline housing movably fitted over the driving shaft and a control structure for controlling the movement of the spline housing.

Optionally, the control structure comprises a shift fork, and the spline housing has a coaxial annular groove on an outer wall thereof, and one end of the shift fork is inserted into the annular groove.

Optionally, the control structure further comprises a driving device, and the driving device is connected with the other end of the shifting fork.

Optionally, the air gap between the second rotor and the first rotor is 0.4-0.6 mm.

Optionally, the permanent magnet rotor comprises a permanent magnet and a plurality of permanent magnets arranged on the rotor core at intervals in the circumferential direction.

Optionally, the second rotor comprises a cylinder, an annular plate connected to one end of the cylinder, and a circular plate connected to the other end of the cylinder, the driven shaft is coaxially connected to one side of the circular plate, and the first rotor is located in the second rotor.

Optionally, the first rotor has a rotor protruding shaft located in the inner bore of the annular plate.

Optionally, the other side of the circular plate has a coaxial first cylindrical boss, a first bearing is sleeved on the first cylindrical boss, and an outer ring of the first bearing is connected with the first rotor.

Optionally, the electromagnetic clutch further comprises an outer shell, the outer shell is provided with two coaxial mounting holes, the two mounting holes are respectively provided with a second bearing, the driving shaft is located in one of the two mounting holes, and the driven shaft is located in the other mounting hole.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a beneficial effect that technical scheme brought includes at least:

the utility model provides an electromagnetic clutch includes rotor, driving shaft, control mechanism and driven shaft. The rotor comprises a first rotor and a second rotor, the first rotor and the second rotor are both revolving bodies, an air gap is arranged between the first rotor and the second rotor, the first rotor and the second rotor are coaxially sleeved, and the other rotor is a squirrel cage rotor; one end of the driving shaft is used for connecting a power source, and the driving shaft and the first rotor are coaxially arranged; the control mechanism is used for controlling the other end of the driving shaft and the first rotor to be switched between a disconnection state and a coaxial connection state; one end of the driven shaft is coaxially connected with the second rotor. When the control mechanism controls the driving shaft to be connected with the first rotor, the driving shaft can drive the first rotor to rotate relative to the second rotor, the first rotor and the second rotor have a rotation speed difference, magnetic flux in the squirrel cage rotor changes along with rotation, so that induced current and an induced magnetic field are generated in the squirrel cage rotor, the induced magnetic field of the squirrel cage rotor interacts with the permanent magnetic field of the permanent magnetic rotor to drive the second rotor to rotate, torque on the driving shaft is transmitted to the driven shaft, and the electromagnetic clutch is communicated. When the control mechanism controls the driving shaft to be disconnected with the first rotor, the driving shaft does not provide torque for the first rotor, the first rotor and the second rotor lose power in rotation, the first rotor and the second rotor gradually stop, and the electromagnetic clutch is disconnected. The whole process of connection and disconnection of the electromagnetic clutch is realized through the control mechanism without electrifying, so that easily-worn parts such as a winding rotor, a collecting ring and an electric brush are not needed, and larger impact current cannot be caused when the switch is connected, so that the reliability of the electromagnetic clutch is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only one embodiment of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic clutch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between an output torque and a difference in rotational speed between the first rotor and the second rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic clutch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a control mechanism provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic clutch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a first rotor and a second rotor provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of another first and second rotors provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of another first and second rotors provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic clutch according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the electromagnetic clutch includes a rotor 100, a driving shaft 200, a control mechanism 300, and a driven shaft 400.

The rotor 100 includes a first rotor 110 and a second rotor 120, both the first rotor 110 and the second rotor 120 are rotators, the first rotor 110 and the second rotor 120 are coaxially sleeved, an air gap 130 is provided between the first rotor 110 and the second rotor 120, one of the first rotor 110 or the second rotor 120 is a permanent magnet rotor, and the other is a squirrel cage rotor.

Since the air gap 130 exists between the first rotor 110 and the second rotor 120, the first rotor 110 and the second rotor 120 do not directly contact each other, and thus the electromagnetic clutch does not have friction loss at the time of stable operation. Alternatively, the air gap 130 may be 0.4mm to 0.6mm, and for example, the air gap 130 may be 0.5mm, so as to ensure that the first rotor 110 and the second rotor 120 are not in contact with each other, and at the same time, avoid an increase in electromagnetic loss due to an excessively large gap between the first rotor 110 and the second rotor 120.

The first rotor 110 and the second rotor 120 are coaxially sleeved, wherein the first rotor 110 is coaxially sleeved outside the second rotor 120, and the second rotor 120 is coaxially sleeved outside the first rotor 110.

One end of the driving shaft 200 is used to connect a power source, and the driving shaft 200 is coaxially arranged with the first rotor 110. The control mechanism 300 is used for controlling the other end of the driving shaft 200 and the first rotor 110 to switch between a disconnection state and a coaxial connection state. One end of the driven shaft 400 is coaxially connected to the second rotor 120.

When the control mechanism 300 controls the driving shaft 200 to be connected with the first rotor 110, the driving shaft 200 can drive the first rotor 110 to rotate relative to the second rotor 120, the first rotor 110 and the second rotor 120 have a rotation speed difference, magnetic flux in the squirrel cage rotor changes along with rotation, so that induction current and induction magnetic field are generated in the squirrel cage rotor, the induction magnetic field of the squirrel cage rotor interacts with the permanent magnetic field of the permanent magnetic rotor to drive the second rotor 120 to rotate, so that torque on the driving shaft 200 is transmitted to the driven shaft 400, and the electromagnetic clutch is communicated.

When the control mechanism 300 controls the driving shaft 200 to be disconnected from the first rotor 110, the driving shaft 200 does not provide torque to the first rotor 110, the rotation of the first rotor 110 and the second rotor 120 loses power, the first rotor 110 and the second rotor 120 gradually stop, and the electromagnetic clutch is disconnected.

Fig. 2 is a relationship diagram of the output torque and the difference between the rotation speeds of the first rotor and the second rotor according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, similar to the operation principle of the asynchronous motor, only when the first rotor 110 and the second rotor 120 have a difference in rotation speed, the squirrel cage rotor cuts magnetic lines generated from the permanent magnet rotor at the difference speed, thereby generating electromagnetic torque. When the rotation speeds are the same, the output torque is 0.

In the related art, the winding is mounted on the rotating component, and an external circuit needs to be led out through the collecting ring to be connected with an external switch, but the collecting ring and the electric brush are easy to wear, so that the reliability of the electromagnetic clutch is low. And the utility model provides an electromagnetic clutch, because the process of whole electromagnetic clutch intercommunication and disconnection is connected or is broken off the realization through one side that second rotor 120 was kept away from to the other end of control mechanism 300 control driving shaft 200 and first rotor 110, need not the circular telegram, consequently, no longer need these easy wearing and tearing pieces of winding rotor, collecting ring and brush, also can not cause great impulse current when the switch-on to electromagnetic clutch's reliability has been improved.

Alternatively, the power source may be an electric motor. The driven shaft 400 may be coupled to the load by means of a key, pin or tooth arrangement to transmit torque to the load for control of the mechanism.

Referring to fig. 1, the second rotor 120 may alternatively include a cylinder 123, an annular plate 121 coupled to one end of the cylinder 123, and a circular plate 122 coupled to the other end of the cylinder 123, the driven shaft 400 being coaxially coupled to one side of the circular plate 122, and the first rotor 110 being located within the second rotor 120.

The annular plate 121 and the cylinder 123, and the circular plate 122 and the cylinder 123 may be detachably coupled to facilitate the placement of the first rotor 110 in the second rotor 120.

As shown in fig. 1, the first rotor 110 may have a rotor protruding shaft 111, and the rotor protruding shaft 111 is located in an inner hole 1211 of the annular plate 121. The connection of the driving shaft 200 to the first rotor 110 is facilitated by the protruding shaft 111.

Alternatively, the other side of the circular plate 122 may have a first coaxial cylindrical boss 1221, the first cylindrical boss 1221 is sleeved with a first bearing 1222, and the outer ring of the first bearing 1222 is connected to the first rotor 110 to reduce the friction resistance when the first rotor 110 and the second rotor 120 rotate relatively.

Alternatively, the electromagnetic clutch may further include a housing 500, the housing 500 having two coaxial mounting holes 510, the two mounting holes 510 having second bearings 520 respectively disposed therein, the driving shaft 200 being located in one of the two mounting holes 510, and the driven shaft 400 being located in the other mounting hole 510 of the two mounting holes 510. The driving shaft 200 and the driven shaft 400 are fixed to the casing 500 through the second bearing 520 to reduce frictional resistance of the driving shaft 200 and the driven shaft 400 in rotation, thereby improving transmission efficiency of output torque.

In one implementation, the control mechanism 300 includes a splined hub 320 that is movably received on the drive shaft 200 and a control structure 310 for controlling movement of the splined hub 320. Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic clutch according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the control structure 310 controls the spline housing 320 to be in the first position, and the spline housing 320 connects the drive shaft 200 and the extension shaft 111.

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a control mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, when the spline housing 320 is located at the first position, the teeth of the spline housing 320 are engaged with the teeth of the driving shaft 200, and the power output from the driving shaft 200 can be transmitted to the first rotor 110 through the spline housing 320, so that the first rotor 110 rotates relative to the second rotor 120.

Fig. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic clutch according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the control structure 310 controls the spline housing 320 to be located at the second position, the spline housing 320 is disconnected from the driving shaft 200, the driving shaft 200 does not provide torque to the first rotor 110, and the rotation of the first rotor 110 and the second rotor 120 loses power.

It will be appreciated that, referring to FIG. 1, the spline housing 320 may also be disconnected from the first rotor 110 such that the drive shaft 200 does not provide torque to the first rotor 110.

Alternatively, the control structure 310 may include a shift fork 311, the spline housing 320 having a coaxial annular groove 321 on an outer wall thereof, one end of the shift fork 311 being located in the annular groove 321, such that the shift fork 311 may control the spline housing 320 to switch between the first position and the second position through the groove 321.

Optionally, the control structure 310 may further include a driving device 312, and the driving device 312 is connected to an end of the shifting fork 311 away from the groove 321. The driving device 312 may power the movement of the shift fork 311. The driving device 312 may be a magnetic driving device, for example, the driving device 312 may magnetically control the movement of the fork 311. Referring again to fig. 1, the driving device 312 may be mounted on an inner wall of the housing 500.

Alternatively, the end of the driving shaft 200 close to the first rotor 110 may be sleeved with a support bearing 220, an inner ring of the support bearing 220 being in contact with the driving shaft 200, and an outer ring of the support bearing 220 being in contact with the spline housing 320, so as to provide radial support for the spline housing 320 when switching between the first position and the second position. The outer race of the support bearing 220 is clearance-fitted with the spline housing 320 so that the spline housing 320 can move in the axial direction of the drive shaft 200.

Referring to fig. 3, the drive shaft 200 may have a flange 210 thereon to facilitate axial positioning of a support bearing 220.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a first rotor and a second rotor according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the outer layer rotor coaxially sleeved is a permanent magnet rotor 100b, and the inner layer rotor coaxially sleeved is a cage rotor 100 a. The permanent magnet rotor 100b may include a rotor core 102b and a plurality of permanent magnets 101b, the plurality of permanent magnets 101b being circumferentially spaced on the rotor core 102 b. The permanent magnet 101b may be fixed to an outer surface of the rotor core 102 b. For example, to the inner surface of rotor core 102 b. The permanent magnet rotor is simple in structure and convenient to process and assemble.

The rotor core 102b of the permanent magnet rotor 100b may be directly machined from steel with good magnetic permeability, so as to reduce the iron loss of the rotor core 102 b. For example, the rotor core 102b may be formed by stacking silicon steel sheets.

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of another first and second rotors provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Such as

As shown in fig. 7, the outer rotor coaxially sleeved is a squirrel cage rotor 100a, the inner rotor coaxially sleeved is a permanent magnet rotor 100b, and a permanent magnet 101b is fixed on the outer surface of a rotor core 102 b.

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of another first and second rotors provided by an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8, the outer rotor coaxially sleeved is a cage rotor 100a, the inner rotor coaxially sleeved is a permanent magnet rotor 100b, and the permanent magnet 101b is embedded in the rotor core 102 b.

Fig. 6, 7 and 8 provide by way of example schematic structural views of three types of permanent magnet rotors 100b and squirrel cage rotors 100 a. The permanent magnet rotor 100b can be used as a first rotor 110 to be connected with the driving shaft 200, and the corresponding squirrel cage rotor 100a can be used as a second rotor 120 to be connected with the driven shaft 400; this squirrel-cage rotor 100a also can be connected with the driving shaft 200 as the first rotor 110, and the corresponding permanent magnet rotor 100b can be connected with the driven shaft 400 as the second rotor 120, and the present invention does not limit this.

The operation of the electromagnetic clutch will be briefly described below with reference to fig. 3 and 4, taking the first rotor 110 as a squirrel cage rotor and the second rotor 120 as a permanent magnet rotor as an example.

Electromagnetic clutch communication:

when the spline housing 320 is in the second position (shown in fig. 4), the teeth of the spline housing 320 are disengaged from the first rotor 110, the drive shaft 200 does not provide torque to the first rotor 110, and the first rotor 110 does not rotate. When the spline housing 320 is switched from the second position to the first position (as shown in fig. 3), the teeth of the spline housing 320 are engaged with the first rotor 110, the driving shaft 200 drives the first rotor 110 to rotate relative to the second rotor 120 through the spline housing 320, the first rotor 110 and the second rotor 120 have a rotation speed difference, magnetic flux in the squirrel cage rotor changes along with the rotation, so that induced current and an induced magnetic field are generated in the squirrel cage rotor, the induced magnetic field interacts with the magnetic field of the permanent magnet rotor, the second rotor 120 rotates, so that torque on the driving shaft 200 is transmitted to the driven shaft 400, and the electromagnetic clutches are communicated.

Disconnecting the electromagnetic clutch:

the power source rotational speed is adjusted so that the rotational speeds of the first rotor 110 and the second rotor 120 are the same and the clutch transmission torque is almost 0. At this time, the spline housing 320 is switched from the first position to the second position, the teeth of the spline housing 320 are separated from the driving shaft 200, the driving shaft 200 does not provide torque to the first rotor 110, the rotation of the first rotor 110 and the second rotor 120 loses power, the first rotor 110 and the second rotor 120 gradually stop, and the electromagnetic clutch is turned off.

The above description is only an optional embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic clutch, characterized in that the electromagnetic clutch includes:

the rotor (100), the rotor (100) includes a first rotor (110) and a second rotor (120), the first rotor (110) and the second rotor (120) are both a revolving body, the first rotor (110) and the second rotor (120) are coaxially sleeved, an air gap (130) is arranged between the first rotor (110) and the second rotor (120), one of the first rotor (110) and the second rotor (120) is a permanent magnet rotor, and the other one of the first rotor (110) and the second rotor (120) is a squirrel cage rotor;

a driving shaft (200) with one end used for connecting a power source and arranged coaxially with the first rotor (110);

the control mechanism (300) is used for controlling the other end of the driving shaft (200) and the first rotor (110) to be switched between a disconnecting state and a coaxial connecting state; and the number of the first and second groups,

a driven shaft (400), one end of the driven shaft (400) being coaxially connected with the second rotor (120).

2. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that the control mechanism (300) comprises a spline housing (320) movably fitted over the driving shaft (200) and a control structure (310) for controlling the movement of the spline housing (320).

3. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 2, characterized in that the control structure (310) comprises a fork (311), the splined sleeve (320) having a coaxial annular groove (321) on its outer wall, one end of the fork (311) being located in the annular groove (321).

4. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 3, characterized in that the control structure (310) further comprises a driving device (312), the driving device (312) being connected with the other end of the shift fork (311).

5. An electromagnetic clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 4 characterised in that the air gap (130) between the first rotor (110) and the second rotor (120) is 0.4 to 0.6 mm.

6. The electromagnetic clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the permanent magnet rotor includes a rotor core (102b) and a plurality of permanent magnets (101b), the plurality of permanent magnets (101b) being circumferentially spaced on the rotor core (102 b).

7. The electromagnetic clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second rotor (120) includes a cylinder (123), an annular plate (121) connected to one end of the cylinder (123), and a circular plate (122) connected to the other end of the cylinder (123), the driven shaft (400) is coaxially connected to one side of the circular plate (122), and the first rotor (110) is located inside the second rotor (120).

8. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 7, characterized in that the first rotor (110) has a rotor protruding shaft (111), the rotor protruding shaft (111) being located in the inner bore (1211) of the annular plate (121).

9. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 7, characterized in that the other side of the circular plate (122) has a coaxial first cylindrical boss (1221), a first bearing (1222) is sleeved on the first cylindrical boss (1221), and the outer ring of the first bearing (1222) is connected with the first rotor (110).

10. The electromagnetic clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the electromagnetic clutch further comprises a housing (500), the housing (500) has two coaxial mounting holes (510), a second bearing (520) is disposed in each of the two mounting holes (510), the driving shaft (200) is located in one mounting hole (510) of the two mounting holes (510), and the driven shaft (400) is located in the other mounting hole (510) of the two mounting holes (510).