CN210465139U

CN210465139U - Universal testing machine

Info

Publication number: CN210465139U
Application number: CN201921231151.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 詹嘉纬; 蒋建国; 汪佳琪; 郭建虎; 顾燕菁
Original assignee: Hangzhou Guohua Testing Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Hangzhou Guohua Testing Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-31
Filing date: 2019-07-31
Publication date: 2020-05-05
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-31

Abstract

The utility model relates to a universal testing machine, which comprises a base, a support rod, an upper crossbeam arranged at the top of the support rod, a lower crossbeam arranged below the upper crossbeam, a clamp arranged on the opposite surface of the upper crossbeam and the lower crossbeam, an upper pressing block arranged at the bottom of the lower crossbeam, a lower pressing block arranged on the base, a pressure detector arranged on the lower pressing block, and a lifting mechanism for driving the lower crossbeam to move up and down, wherein two first chutes are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the lower pressing block, and sliders are all connected in a sliding manner in the two first chutes; the sliding block is provided with a first clamping plate for clamping two opposite side walls of the test block; and the lower pressing block is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the two sliding blocks to synchronously and reversely move. This scheme presss from both sides tight location to the test block through two first splint, has effectively reduced the probability that the test block takes place the skew when the test, is favorable to improving measuring accuracy.

Description

Universal testing machine

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the technique of building engineering material mechanical properties check out test set and specifically relates to an universal tester is related to.

Background

The universal tester is a material tester integrating the functions of stretching, bending, compressing, shearing, ring rigidity and the like, is mainly used for mechanical property tests of metal and non-metal materials, and is ideal detection equipment for departments such as industrial and mining enterprises, scientific research units, universities and colleges, engineering quality supervision stations and the like.

The existing universal testing machine is used for testing the experiments of the tensile force, the shearing force and the like of the reinforcing steel bar, when the reinforcing steel bar is used on a construction site, in order to ensure that the quality of the poured concrete is qualified, the compressive strength of the concrete needs to be detected, namely, when a concrete test block is crushed by testing, the force borne by the concrete is how much to determine whether the poured concrete is qualified, in order to reduce time and economic cost, the experiment of the reinforcing steel bar and the experiment of the concrete can be designed on one device, and the requirement of building construction can be better met.

For example, patent with publication number CN204807394U provides a two-way rib clamp face reinforcing bar tensile test machine, belongs to material test technical field. The device comprises an upper stretching end and a lower stretching end which are connected in series up and down through upright posts at two ends; the middle parts of the upper stretching end and the lower stretching end are provided with a steel bar anchoring area, the steel bar anchoring area comprises a base plate, a rivet, a fixed chuck piece and a steel bar chuck, the base plate, the rivet, the fixed chuck piece and the steel bar chuck are symmetrically arranged on the left and the right, the fixed chuck piece is respectively connected with the upper stretching end and the lower stretching end through the base plate and the rivet, and the steel bar chuck and the fixed chuck piece are fixed together through a bayonet; two opposite clamp surfaces of the steel bar clamp for clamping a steel bar sample are provided with bidirectional rib patterns, and the bidirectional rib patterns are respectively inclined towards two sides by 45 degrees to form bidirectional inclined rib patterns.

Although the device can improve the accuracy and the success rate of the steel bar stretching, when the concrete rectangular test block is tested for the compressive strength, the test block is often deviated easily when the test block is contacted with the pressing block due to the unevenness of the surface of the test block, and the measuring accuracy is further influenced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing an universal tester can press from both sides tight location to the test block, has reduced the probability that the test block takes place the skew when testing, is favorable to improving measuring accuracy.

The above utility model discloses an above-mentioned utility model purpose can realize through following technical scheme:

a universal testing machine comprises a base, a supporting rod arranged on the base, an upper cross beam arranged at the top of the supporting rod, a lower cross beam arranged below the upper cross beam, a clamp for mounting the opposite surface of the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam, an upper pressing block arranged at the bottom of the lower cross beam, a lower pressing block arranged on the base, a pressure detector arranged on the lower pressing block, and a lifting mechanism for driving the lower cross beam to move up and down, wherein two first sliding grooves are symmetrically formed in the upper surface of the lower pressing block, and sliding blocks are connected in the two first sliding grooves in a sliding manner; the sliding block is provided with a first clamping plate for clamping two opposite side walls of the test block; and the lower pressing block is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the two sliding blocks to synchronously and reversely move.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the operator puts the test block that awaits measuring on the briquetting down, makes two sliders be synchronous relative motion through actuating mechanism afterwards, and two first splint will slide along with the slider synchronization emergence that corresponds, and two first splint will finally be the butt on the relative both sides wall of test block, and then have carried out the centre gripping location to the test block. Compare in directly placing the test block and test on briquetting down, this scheme carries out the centre gripping location to the test block through two first splint, has effectively reduced the probability that the test block takes place the skew when the test, is favorable to improving measuring accuracy.

The utility model discloses further set up to: the driving mechanism comprises a threaded rod which is rotatably connected on the lower pressing block, and the threaded rod penetrates through the two sliding blocks and is in threaded fit with the two sliding blocks; the threaded rod is divided into two sections with opposite spiral directions, and the two sliding blocks are respectively in threaded fit with the two sections with opposite spiral directions on the threaded rod; the driving mechanism further comprises a hand-operated wheel fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod and a limiting assembly arranged between the sliding block and the first sliding groove and used for limiting the sliding block to rotate along with the threaded rod.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the operator drives the threaded rod rotation through hand round, and under spacing subassembly and two segmental screw actions, synchronous reverse motion will be done along the axial of threaded rod respectively in two first spouts to two sliders, and two first splint just can the centre gripping or loosen the relative both sides wall of test block, and the structure principle is simple, and it is very convenient to operate.

The utility model discloses further set up to: the limiting assembly comprises a limiting groove formed in the inner wall of the first sliding groove in the length direction of the first sliding groove, and a limiting block fixedly connected to the sliding block, and the limiting block slides and abuts against the limiting groove.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of spacing groove and stopper makes the slider can only be along the axial of threaded rod and do the rectilinear sliding in first spout, and the slider can not be along with the threaded rod does circumferential direction, and then makes first splint slide in first spout more smoothly.

The utility model discloses further set up to: be equipped with one in the first spout and be used for blockking the baffle that the concrete bits of broken glass dropped to the threaded rod, set up the through-hole that supplies the baffle to pass on the slider.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the baffle can block the piece that produces in the test procedure, has effectively reduced the probability that the piece dropped on the threaded rod, makes the slip of first splint more smooth.

The utility model discloses further set up to: the two ends of the first clamping plate are both provided with a second sliding chute, a connecting rod is connected in the second sliding chute in a sliding manner, and one end of the connecting rod, which is far away from the first clamping plate, is provided with a second clamping plate for clamping the side wall of the test block; and a spring used for pulling the connecting rod to retract into the second sliding groove all the time is arranged in the second sliding groove.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when two first splint carry out the centre gripping location to the relative both sides wall of test block, the operator can pull out the connecting rod, it is tensile to take place for the spring in the corresponding second spout, after second splint butt is on all the other both sides walls of test block, the operator can loosen one's hand, the spring will stimulate in the connecting rod withdrawal second spout, so the second splint will press from both sides tightly all the time on the test block, it is spacing that four directions have finally been carried out the test block on the horizontal direction, the probability that the skew takes place when the test block is tested has further been reduced, effectively improved measuring accuracy.

The utility model discloses further set up to: and the second clamping plate is provided with a force applying ring for pulling the second clamping plate to move.

By adopting the technical scheme, the force application ring provides a good force application part for an operator to pull the second clamping plate, so that the operator can pull the second clamping plate smoothly and conveniently.

The utility model discloses further set up to: the upper surface of the lower pressing block is provided with anti-skid grains.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the coefficient of friction of briquetting upper surface has been increased down to anti-skidding line, and anti-skidding line has increased the frictional force that produces when test block and briquetting contact down promptly, is favorable to improving the stability of test block in the testing process, has reduced the probability that the test block takes place the skew when testing.

To sum up, the utility model discloses a beneficial technological effect does:

1. the arrangement of the first sliding groove, the sliding block, the first clamping plate and the driving mechanism can clamp and position the test block, so that the probability of deviation of the test block during testing is reduced, and the measurement accuracy is improved;

2. due to the arrangement of the baffle and the through hole, scraps generated in the test process can be blocked, and the first clamping plate can smoothly slide;

3. the second sliding groove, the connecting rod, the second clamping plate and the spring are arranged, so that the test block can be limited in four directions in the horizontal direction, and the probability of deviation of the test block during testing is further reduced;

4. the setting of antiskid line can increase the frictional force that produces when test block and briquetting contact down, is favorable to improving the stability of test block in the testing process.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the middle clamping block of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the middle and lower press blocks of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a base; 2. a support bar; 3. an upper cross beam; 4. a lower cross beam; 5. a lifting mechanism; 51. a screw rod; 52. a gear; 53. a crawler belt; 54. a motor; 6. a jaw; 7. a clamp; 71. a clamping block; 72. a transverse groove; 73. pushing the plate; 74. a double-headed hydraulic cylinder; 8. pressing the block; 9. a pressure detector; 10. pressing the blocks; 11. a first chute; 12. a slider; 13. a first splint; 14. a threaded rod; 15. a hand-operated wheel; 16. a limiting component; 161. a limiting groove; 162. a limiting block; 17. a second chute; 18. a connecting rod; 19. a second splint; 20. a spring; 21. a force application ring; 22. anti-skid lines; 23. a baffle plate; 24. and a through hole.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the universal testing machine comprises a base 1 and four vertical support rods 2 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base 1, wherein the four support rods 2 are parallel to each other and are arranged at intervals; the universal testing machine further comprises an upper cross beam 3 fixedly connected to the tops of the four support rods 2, a lower cross beam 4 located under the upper cross beam 3, a lifting mechanism 5 arranged on the base 1 and used for driving the lower cross beam 4 to move up and down, a jaw 6 arranged on the opposite surface of the upper cross beam 3 and the lower cross beam 4 and keeping right, and a clamp 7 arranged on the jaw 6 and used for clamping reinforcing steel bars, wherein the jaw 6 is in a U shape with a narrow opening and a wide bottom. The clamp 7 comprises a wedge-shaped clamping block 71 connected to two opposite side walls of the jaw 6 in a sliding mode, a transverse groove 72 which is formed in one surface, close to the bottom of the jaw 6, of the clamping block 71 and is T-shaped in cross section, a push plate 73 embedded in the transverse groove 72 in a sliding mode, and a double-head hydraulic cylinder 74 which is installed on the upper cross beam 3 and the lower cross beam 4 and is used for driving the push plate 73 to move up and down, wherein the double-head hydraulic cylinder 74 is connected with a hydraulic pump station through a connecting pipe. The operator places the upper and lower end of reinforcing bar respectively between two clamp splice 71 that correspond, and rethread double-end pneumatic cylinder 74 makes push pedal 73 move towards the direction of reinforcing bar, and under the combined action of cross slot 72, push pedal 73 and keeping silent 6, two relative clamp splice 71 just can be close to each other and press from both sides the tip of reinforcing bar, and the operator makes bottom end rail 4 move down through elevating system 5 at last, and the reinforcing bar has just begun mechanical properties to test.

Referring to fig. 1, the lifting mechanism 5 comprises two screw rods 51 rotatably connected to the base 1, and the two screw rods 51 both penetrate through the lower cross beam 4 upwards and are in threaded fit with the lower cross beam 4; the lifting mechanism 5 further comprises a gear 52 fixedly sleeved at the bottom of the screw rod 51, a crawler belt 53 rotatably sleeved in the base 1 and engaged with the two gears 52, and a motor 54 installed in the base 1 and used for driving one of the screw rods 51 to rotate, wherein the motor 54 is connected with a power supply through an electric wire. An operator drives one of the screw rods 51 to rotate through the motor 54, and under the linkage action of the gear 52 and the crawler belt 53, the two screw rods 51 synchronously and synchronously rotate in the same direction, so that the lower cross beam 4 in threaded fit with the screw rods 51 ascends and descends.

The upper surface of the base 1 is fixedly connected with a lower pressing block 8 which is circular in cross section and used for placing a concrete test block, and a pressure detector 9 used for detecting pressure is installed on the lower pressing block 8. The bottom of the lower beam 4 is fixedly connected with an upper pressing block 10 with the same circular cross section, and the position of the upper pressing block 10 corresponds to the position of the lower pressing block 8. An operator places a test block to be detected on the lower pressing block 8, then the lower beam 4 moves towards the test block through the lifting mechanism 5, the test block can be clamped between the upper pressing block 10 and the lower pressing block 8, the upper pressing block 10 continues to apply pressure to the test block, and when the test block cracks, the pressure value detected by the pressure detector 9 is the pressure-resistant critical value of the test block.

Referring to fig. 3, two first sliding grooves 11 are formed in the upper surface of the lower pressing block 8, and the two first sliding grooves 11 are uniformly distributed around the central axis of the lower pressing block 8. All sliding connection has a slider 12 in two first spouts 11, and the equal fixedly connected with in top of two sliders 12 is used for the first splint 13 of the relative both sides wall of centre gripping test block. The lower pressing block 8 is rotatably connected with a threaded rod 14, the length direction of the threaded rod 14 is consistent with that of the first sliding groove 11, and the threaded rod 14 not only extends into the first sliding groove 11, but also vertically penetrates through the two sliding blocks 12. The thread groove on the threaded rod 14 is divided into two sections with opposite spiral directions, and the two sliding blocks 12 are respectively in threaded fit with the two sections with opposite spiral directions on the threaded rod 14. One end of the threaded rod 14 is also fixedly connected with a hand wheel 15 for driving the threaded rod to rotate. The lower pressing block 8 is further provided with a limiting component 16 used for limiting the sliding block 12 to rotate along with the threaded rod 14 in the circumferential direction, the limiting component 16 comprises a limiting groove 161 formed in the side wall of the sliding groove along the length direction of the sliding groove and a limiting block 162 fixedly connected to the sliding block 12, and the limiting block 162 slides and abuts against the limiting groove 161. An operator rotates the hand wheel 15 to drive the threaded rod 14 to rotate, the two sliding blocks 12 synchronously move in opposite directions under the combined action of the two segmented threads, the limiting groove 161 and the limiting block 162, and the front and rear two first clamping plates 13 respectively clamp the front and rear two side walls of the test block, so that the probability of deviation of the test block during testing is greatly reduced, and the measurement accuracy is improved.

The second sliding grooves 17 with rectangular cross sections are formed in the two ends of the first clamping plate 13, the connecting rods 18 are connected in the second sliding grooves 17 in a sliding mode, one end, far away from the first clamping plate 13, of each connecting rod 18 is fixedly connected with a second clamping plate 19, and the second clamping plates 19 are perpendicular to the first clamping plate 13. A spring 20 is arranged in the second sliding chute 17, one end of the spring 20 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the second sliding chute 17, the other end of the spring 20 is fixedly connected with the connecting rod 18, when the spring 20 is in a natural state, the spring 20 pulls the connecting rod 18 into the second sliding chute 17, and when the spring 20 is in a stretching state, part of the connecting rod 18 is positioned outside the second sliding chute 17. When the operator drives the front and rear two side walls of two first clamp plates 13 for clamping the test block, the operator can pull out the connecting rod 18 in the second sliding groove 17, and make the second clamp plate 19 butt on the left and right side walls of the test block, under the effect of the resilience force of the spring 20, the second clamp plate 19 will always butt on the left and right side walls of the test block, the second clamp plate 19 further carries out clamping and positioning on the test block on the basis of the first clamp plates 13, the probability of the test block offsetting when in testing is effectively reduced, and the improvement of the measuring accuracy is facilitated. In order to facilitate the pulling of the second jaw 19 by the operator, an application ring 21 is fixedly connected to a surface of the second jaw 19 remote from the corresponding connecting rod 18.

The anti-skidding line 22 that is used for increasing the coefficient of surface friction is seted up to the upper surface of briquetting 8 down, and anti-skidding line 22 can increase the frictional force that produces when test block and briquetting 8 contact down, makes the stability of test block better, more is difficult to take place the skew.

A baffle plate 23 with a rectangular cross section is fixedly connected in the sliding chute, the baffle plate 23 is positioned right above the threaded rod 14, and the length direction of the baffle plate 23 is consistent with that of the sliding chute. In order to make the sliding block 12 slide smoothly, the sliding block 12 is provided with a through hole 24 through which the baffle 23 passes. The baffle 23 can block the concrete piece that produces among the experimentation, has reduced the probability that the piece dropped to threaded rod 14, has reduced slider 12 and has taken place the probability of blocking, makes first splint 13 centre gripping test block more smoothly.

The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows: after the test block is placed on the lower pressing block 8, an operator rotates the hand wheel 15 to drive the threaded rod 14 to rotate, the two sliding blocks 12 synchronously move in opposite directions under the combined action of the two segmented threads, the limiting groove 161 and the limiting block 162, and the front and rear two first clamping plates 13 respectively clamp the front and rear two side walls of the test block. Meanwhile, the operator can pull out the connecting rod 18 in the second sliding slot 17, and make the second clamping plate 19 abut against the left and right side walls of the test block, and the second clamping plate 19 will always abut against the left and right side walls of the test block under the action of the resilience force of the spring 20. The first clamping plate 13 and the second clamping plate 19 can limit the test block in four directions, namely front, back, left and right directions, so that the probability of deviation of the test block during testing is effectively reduced, and the measuring accuracy is improved.

The embodiment of this specific implementation mode is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, not limit according to this the utility model discloses a protection scope, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the utility model are covered within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a universal tester, including base (1), bracing piece (2) of setting on base (1), set up entablature (3) at bracing piece (2) top, bottom end rail (4) of setting in entablature (3) below, install anchor clamps (7) on entablature (3) and bottom end rail (4) opposite face, last briquetting (10) of setting in bottom end rail (4) bottom, set up lower briquetting (8) on base (1), pressure detector (9) of setting on briquetting (8) down, and be used for driving elevating system (5) that bottom end rail (4) took place to remove from top to bottom, its characterized in that: two first sliding grooves (11) are symmetrically formed in the upper surface of the lower pressing block (8), and sliding blocks (12) are connected in the two first sliding grooves (11) in a sliding mode; the sliding block (12) is provided with a first clamping plate (13) for clamping two opposite side walls of the test block; and the lower pressing block (8) is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the two sliding blocks (12) to synchronously and reversely move.

2. The universal testing machine of claim 1, wherein: the driving mechanism comprises a threaded rod (14) which is rotationally connected with the lower pressing block (8), and the threaded rod (14) penetrates through the two sliding blocks (12) and is in threaded fit with the two sliding blocks (12); the threaded rod (14) is divided into two sections with opposite spiral directions, and the two sliding blocks (12) are respectively in threaded fit with the two sections with opposite spiral directions on the threaded rod (14); the driving mechanism further comprises a hand-operated wheel (15) fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod (14) and a limiting assembly (16) arranged between the sliding block (12) and the first sliding groove (11) and used for limiting the sliding block (12) to rotate along with the threaded rod (14).

3. The universal testing machine of claim 2, wherein: the limiting assembly (16) comprises a limiting groove (161) formed in the inner wall of the first sliding groove (11) along the length direction of the first sliding groove (11) and a limiting block (162) fixedly connected to the sliding block (12), and the limiting block (162) slides and abuts against the limiting groove (161).

4. The universal testing machine of claim 2, wherein: be equipped with one in first spout (11) and be used for blockking baffle (23) that the concrete piece dropped to threaded rod (14), offer on slider (12) and supply through-hole (24) that baffle (23) passed.

5. The universal testing machine of claim 1, wherein: the two ends of the first clamping plate (13) are respectively provided with a second sliding chute (17), the second sliding chutes (17) are connected with a connecting rod (18) in a sliding manner, and one end of the connecting rod (18) far away from the first clamping plate (13) is provided with a second clamping plate (19) for clamping the side wall of the test block; a spring (20) used for always pulling the connecting rod (18) to retract into the second sliding groove (17) is arranged in the second sliding groove (17).

6. The universal testing machine of claim 5, wherein: and a force applying ring (21) for pulling the second clamping plate (19) to move is arranged on the second clamping plate (19).

7. The universal testing machine of claim 1, wherein: the upper surface of the lower pressing block (8) is provided with anti-skid grains (22).