CN210293886U

CN210293886U - Universal testing machine

Info

Publication number: CN210293886U
Application number: CN201921126548.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邵云冲; 俞剑鸣
Original assignee: Zhejiang Construction Engineering Testing Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Construction Engineering Testing Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-07-17
Filing date: 2019-07-17
Publication date: 2020-04-10
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-17

Abstract

The utility model relates to a universal testing machine, which comprises a base, a support rod arranged on the base, an upper crossbeam arranged at the top of the support rod, a lower crossbeam arranged below the upper crossbeam, a jaw arranged on the opposite surface of the upper crossbeam and the lower crossbeam, a clamp arranged on the jaw and used for clamping a sample, and a lifting mechanism used for driving the lower crossbeam to move up and down, wherein the bottom of the jaw is provided with a chute, and two clamping plates used for clamping the end part of the sample are connected on the chute in a sliding way; and a driving mechanism for driving the two clamping plates to synchronously and reversely move along the sliding groove is arranged in the sliding groove. The requirement of the sample to be tested on the vertical degree can be met, and the testing accuracy is effectively improved.

Description

Universal testing machine

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the technique of building engineering material mechanical properties check out test set and specifically relates to an universal tester is related to.

Background

The universal tester is a material tester integrating the functions of stretching, bending, compressing, shearing, ring rigidity and the like, is mainly used for mechanical property tests of metal and non-metal materials, and is ideal detection equipment for departments such as industrial and mining enterprises, scientific research units, universities and colleges, engineering quality supervision stations and the like.

If the publication number is CN206348216U, the patent provides a clamping device for a universal tester, the technical scheme is that the clamping device comprises an upper clamp, a lower clamp and a fixed groove, the upper clamp and the lower clamp are both fixed in the fixed groove, one side of the upper clamp and one side of the lower clamp close to the fixed groove are fixedly connected with telescopic rods, the telescopic rods are slidably connected with the fixed groove, the upper clamp and the lower clamp both comprise sliding rods and sliding blocks, the sliding rods are fixedly connected on the telescopic rods, the sliding blocks are slidably connected on the sliding rods, one sides of the upper clamp and the lower clamp close to the fixed groove are both provided with swing arms, each swing arm comprises a fixed seat, a control end and a lifting end, the fixed seats are fixedly connected with one side of the fixed groove, the lifting end is positioned at one side of the fixed seat close to the sliding rods, the lifting end is abutted against one side of the sliding rods, the lifting end and the control end are hinged on the fixed seat.

Although the technology improves the operation safety and facilitates the clamping of a sample to be tested, the structure of the test method is approximately the same as that of a traditional universal testing machine, the test method is that the sample to be tested, such as a steel bar, is fixed at two ends of the steel bar by an upper clamp and a lower clamp, a certain load is loaded, and a stress-strain curve is recorded. In the actual test process, the verticality of the sample to be tested is an important factor influencing the test accuracy, and in the technology, when the sample to be tested is tested, the end part of the sample to be tested is generally abutted against the bottom surface of a jaw, and then the sample to be tested is in an approximately vertical state through a flesh eye sense organ, so that the test accuracy is seriously reduced by the mode of adjusting the verticality of the sample.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing an universal tester can satisfy the requirement of the sample that awaits measuring on vertical degree, is favorable to improving the degree of accuracy of test.

The above utility model discloses an above-mentioned utility model purpose can realize through following technical scheme:

a universal testing machine comprises a base, a supporting rod arranged on the base, an upper cross beam arranged at the top of the supporting rod, a lower cross beam arranged below the upper cross beam, a jaw arranged on the opposite surface of the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam, a clamp arranged on the jaw and used for clamping a sample, and a lifting mechanism used for driving the lower cross beam to move up and down, wherein the bottom of the jaw is provided with a sliding groove, and two clamping plates used for clamping the end part of the sample are connected on the sliding groove in a sliding manner; and a driving mechanism for driving the two clamping plates to synchronously and reversely move along the sliding groove is arranged in the sliding groove.

By adopting the technical scheme, an operator firstly places the upper end and the lower end of a sample between the two clamping plates on the upper cross beam and the lower cross beam respectively in the process of clamping the sample, then makes the two clamping plates move synchronously in opposite directions through the driving mechanism, the two clamping plates of the upper cross beam and the two clamping plates of the lower cross beam respectively clamp and position the upper end and the lower end of the sample, and referring to fig. 1, the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate apply limit to the sample in the front-back direction of the device. The operator carries out the centre gripping location again to the sample through anchor clamps on entablature and the bottom end rail afterwards, refers to fig. 1, and two upper and lower anchor clamps will exert spacingly to the sample in the left and right sides direction of device, finally make the sample exert spacingly in the all around left and right sides direction of device, and then guaranteed the vertical degree of sample, satisfy the requirement of the sample that awaits measuring on vertical degree, effectively improved the degree of accuracy of test.

The utility model discloses further set up to: the driving mechanism comprises a threaded rod which is rotatably connected in the sliding groove, and the threaded rod passes through the two clamping plates and is in threaded fit with the two clamping plates; the threaded rod is divided into two sections with opposite spiral directions, and the two clamping plates are respectively in threaded fit with the two sections with opposite spiral directions on the threaded rod; the driving mechanism further comprises a hand-operated wheel fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod and used for driving the threaded rod to rotate, and a limiting assembly arranged between the clamping plate and the sliding groove and used for limiting the clamping plate to rotate along with the threaded rod.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the operator drives the threaded rod through hand round and takes place rotatoryly, and under spacing subassembly and two segmental screw effects, two splint will be along the axial of threaded rod synchronous reverse slip in the spout, and two splint just can press from both sides tightly or not press from both sides tight sample, and the structural principle is simple, and it is very convenient to operate.

The utility model discloses further set up to: the limiting assembly comprises a limiting groove formed in the inner wall of the sliding groove along the length direction of the sliding groove and a limiting block fixedly connected to the clamping plate, and the limiting block slides and abuts against the limiting groove.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of spacing groove and stopper makes two splint can only be along the axial of threaded rod and do synchronous reverse rectilinear sliding in the spout, and splint can not be along with the threaded rod does circumferential direction, and then makes two splint slide in the spout more smoothly.

The utility model discloses further set up to: and the limiting block is embedded with a ball which is abutted against the limiting groove in a rolling manner.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the ball can become the rolling friction of ball with the sliding friction that produces when stopper and spacing groove contact, and the resistance that reducible stopper received when sliding makes the slip of slider more smooth.

The utility model discloses further set up to: a butting plate used for butting the end part of the sample is arranged in the sliding chute, and the butting plate is positioned between the threaded rod and the corresponding clamp; the clamping plate is provided with a through hole for the butt plate to pass through.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the butt plate has avoided the condition of sample tip with the threaded rod contact first, has guaranteed the normal operating of device, can support the location to the sample secondly, has made things convenient for the operator to carry out the clamping to the sample.

The utility model discloses further set up to: and a channel for discharging scraps is arranged on the lower cross beam, one end of the channel is communicated with the bottom of the chute, and the other end of the channel is communicated with the side wall of the lower cross beam.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting that leads to the groove has made things convenient for the operator to clear up the piece that produces in the test process.

The utility model discloses further set up to: the groove bottom of the sliding groove is downwards inclined towards the channel.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the slope setting of spout tank bottom can play a collection guide's effect to the piece, makes the piece can all fall into the passageway by the very first time in, makes clastic discharge more efficient and smooth.

To sum up, the utility model discloses a beneficial technological effect does:

1. the arrangement of the sliding chute, the clamping plate and the driving mechanism can meet the requirement of a sample to be tested on the vertical degree, and is favorable for improving the testing accuracy;

2. due to the arrangement of the abutting plate and the through hole, the condition that the end part of the sample is in contact with the threaded rod is avoided, and the sample can be supported and positioned, so that an operator can clamp the sample conveniently;

3. the arrangement of the channel facilitates cleaning of debris generated in the test process by an operator.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic sectional view of the middle and lower cross beams of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a base; 2. a support bar; 3. an upper cross beam; 4. a lower cross beam; 5. a lifting mechanism; 51. a screw rod; 52. a gear; 53. a crawler belt; 54. a motor; 6. a jaw; 7. a clamp; 71. a clamping block; 72. a transverse groove; 73. pushing the plate; 74. a double-headed hydraulic cylinder; 8. a chute; 9. a splint; 10. a threaded rod; 11. a hand-operated wheel; 12. a limiting component; 121. a limiting groove; 122. a limiting block; 13. a ball bearing; 14. a butt joint plate; 15. a through hole; 16. a channel.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the universal testing machine comprises a base 1 and four vertical support rods 2 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base 1, wherein the four support rods 2 are parallel to each other and are arranged at intervals; the universal testing machine further comprises an upper cross beam 3 fixedly connected to the tops of the four support rods 2, a lower cross beam 4 located under the upper cross beam 3, a lifting mechanism 5 arranged on the base 1 and used for driving the lower cross beam 4 to move up and down, a jaw 6 arranged on the opposite surface of the upper cross beam 3 and the lower cross beam 4 and keeping right, and a clamp 7 arranged on the jaw 6 and used for clamping a sample, wherein the jaw 6 is in a U shape with a narrow opening and a wide bottom. The clamp 7 comprises a wedge-shaped clamping block 71 connected to two opposite side walls of the jaw 6 in a sliding mode, a transverse groove 72 which is formed in one surface, close to the bottom of the jaw 6, of the clamping block 71 and is T-shaped in cross section, a push plate 73 embedded in the transverse groove 72 in a sliding mode, and a double-head hydraulic cylinder 74 which is installed on the upper cross beam 3 and the lower cross beam 4 and is used for driving the push plate 73 to move up and down, wherein the double-head hydraulic cylinder 74 is connected with a hydraulic pump station through a connecting pipe. The operator places the upper and lower end of sample respectively between two clamp splice 71 that correspond, and rethread double-end pneumatic cylinder 74 makes push pedal 73 move towards the direction of sample, and under the combined action of cross slot 72, push pedal 73 and keeping silent 6, two relative clamp splice 71 just can be close to each other and press from both sides the tip of sample, and the operator makes bottom end rail 4 move down through elevating system 5 at last, and the sample has just begun mechanical properties to test.

Referring to fig. 1, the lifting mechanism 5 comprises two screw rods 51 rotatably connected to the base 1, and the two screw rods 51 both penetrate through the lower cross beam 4 upwards and are in threaded fit with the lower cross beam 4; the lifting mechanism 5 further comprises a gear 52 fixedly sleeved at the bottom of the screw rod 51, a crawler belt 53 rotatably sleeved in the base 1 and engaged with the two gears 52, and a motor 54 installed in the base 1 and used for driving one of the screw rods 51 to rotate, wherein the motor 54 is connected with a power supply through an electric wire. An operator drives one of the screw rods 51 to rotate through the motor 54, and under the linkage action of the gear 52 and the crawler belt 53, the two screw rods 51 synchronously and synchronously rotate in the same direction, so that the lower cross beam 4 in threaded fit with the screw rods 51 ascends and descends.

Referring to fig. 2, a sliding groove 8 with a rectangular cross section is formed in the bottom of the jaw 6, the length direction of the sliding groove 8 is perpendicular to the sliding direction of the clamping block 71, two clamping plates 9 used for clamping the end of the sample are slidably connected in the sliding groove 8, and the two clamping plates 9 are parallel to each other and arranged at intervals. A threaded rod 10 is rotatably connected in the sliding groove 8, the length of the threaded rod 10 is consistent with the length direction of the sliding groove 8, and the threaded rod 10 vertically penetrates through the two clamping plates 9. The thread groove on the threaded rod 10 is divided into two sections with opposite spiral directions, and the two clamping plates 9 are respectively in thread fit with the two sections with opposite spiral directions on the threaded rod 10. One end of the threaded rod 10 is also fixedly connected with a hand wheel 11 for driving the threaded rod to rotate. Still be equipped with between splint 9 and the 8 inner walls of spout and be used for restricting splint 9 and do the spacing subassembly 12 of rotation in a circumferential direction along with threaded rod 10, spacing subassembly 12 includes and sets up spacing groove 121 on the 8 lateral walls of spout along the length direction of spout 8 to and the stopper 122 of fixed connection on splint 9, stopper 122 slides and supports tightly in spacing groove 121, still rolls on the stopper 122 and inlays the ball 13 that is equipped with spacing groove 121 lateral wall butt. The operator rotates hand wheel 11 and drives threaded rod 10 and take place rotatoryly, two splint 9 will be synchronous relative motion under the combined action of two segmentations, spacing groove 121 and stopper 122, two upper and lower splint 9 will grasp the upper and lower both ends of sample respectively, upper and lower two pairs of splint 9 just can apply spacingly to the sample in the fore-and-aft direction of device so, follow-up operator drives clamp splice 71 again and grasps behind the sample, upper and lower two pairs of clamp splice 71 will further apply spacingly to the sample in the left and right sides direction of device again, and then make the sample all receive spacingly in the all front and back left and right sides direction of device, the vertical degree of sample has effectively been promoted.

Fixedly connected with a transversal butt plate 14 of personally submitting the rectangle in the spout 8, the length direction of butt plate 14 keeps unanimous with the length direction of spout 8, and the width of butt plate 14 is less than the width of spout 8, and butt plate 14 is located threaded rod 10 and corresponds between clamp splice 71, all sets up the through-hole 15 that supplies butt plate 14 to pass on two splint 9. The abutting plate 14 can support and position the sample, operation of an operator is facilitated, debris generated in the test process can be blocked, the sample can be prevented from contacting the threaded rod 10, and smooth rotation of the threaded rod 10 is guaranteed.

The lower cross beam 4 is provided with a channel 16 for discharging scraps, one end of the channel 16 extends to the bottom of the chute 8, the other end of the channel 16 extends to the side wall of the lower cross beam 4, and the bottom of the chute 8 is inclined downwards towards the channel 16. The operator can clean the bottom of the chute 8 of debris very easily through the channel 16.

The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows: the operator is at the in-process of clamping sample, at first place the upper and lower both ends of sample respectively between two splint 9 on entablature 3, lower beam 4, the operator rotates hand wheel 11 and drives threaded rod 10 and take place rotatoryly, two splint 9 will be synchronous relative motion under the combined action of two segmental screw threads, spacing groove 121 and stopper 122, upper and lower two splint 9 will grasp the upper and lower both ends of sample respectively, so upper and lower two pairs of splint 9 can apply spacingly in the fore-and-aft direction of device to the sample, follow-up operator drives clamp splice 71 again and grasps the sample after, upper and lower two pairs of clamp splice 71 will further apply spacingly in the left and right direction of device again, and then make the sample all receive spacingly in the fore-and-aft direction of device, the straightness of sample has effectively been improved, be favorable to improving the degree of accuracy of test.

The embodiment of this specific implementation mode is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, not limit according to this the utility model discloses a protection scope, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the utility model are covered within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a universal tester, includes base (1), bracing piece (2) of setting on base (1), set up entablature (3) at bracing piece (2) top, set up bottom end rail (4) of entablature (3) below, set up on entablature (3) and bottom end rail (4) opposite face keep silent (6), install and be used for pressing from both sides anchor clamps (7) of tight sample on keeping silent (6) to and be used for driving elevating system (5) that bottom end rail (4) took place to remove from top to bottom, its characterized in that: the bottom of the jaw (6) is provided with a sliding chute (8), and the sliding chute (8) is connected with two clamping plates (9) used for clamping the end part of a sample in a sliding way; and a driving mechanism for driving the two clamping plates (9) to synchronously and reversely move along the sliding groove (8) is arranged in the sliding groove (8).

2. The universal testing machine of claim 1, wherein: the driving mechanism comprises a threaded rod (10) which is rotatably connected in the sliding groove (8), and the threaded rod (10) penetrates through the two clamping plates (9) and is in threaded fit with the two clamping plates (9); the threaded rod (10) is divided into two sections with opposite spiral directions, and the two clamping plates (9) are respectively in threaded fit with the two sections with opposite spiral directions on the threaded rod (10); the driving mechanism further comprises a hand wheel (11) which is fixedly connected to one end of the threaded rod (10) and used for driving the threaded rod (10) to rotate, and a limiting assembly (12) which is arranged between the clamping plate (9) and the sliding groove (8) and used for limiting the clamping plate (9) to rotate along with the threaded rod (10).

3. The universal testing machine of claim 2, wherein: the limiting assembly (12) comprises a limiting groove (121) formed in the inner wall of the sliding groove (8) in the length direction of the sliding groove (8) and a limiting block (122) fixedly connected to the clamping plate (9), and the limiting block (122) slides and abuts against the limiting groove (121).

4. The universal testing machine of claim 3, wherein: and the limiting block (122) is provided with a rolling ball (13) which is abutted against the limiting groove (121) in a rolling and embedding manner.

5. The universal testing machine of claim 2, wherein: a butt joint plate (14) used for butt joint of the end part of the sample is arranged in the sliding groove (8), and the butt joint plate (14) is positioned between the threaded rod (10) and the corresponding clamp (7); the clamping plate (9) is provided with a through hole (15) for the abutting plate (14) to pass through.

6. The universal testing machine of claim 1, wherein: and a channel (16) for discharging scraps is formed in the lower cross beam (4), one end of the channel (16) is communicated with the bottom of the chute (8), and the other end of the channel (16) is communicated with the side wall of the lower cross beam (4).

7. The universal testing machine of claim 6, wherein: the groove bottom of the sliding groove (8) is downwards inclined towards the channel (16).