CN210463055U - Automatic dust pelletizing system of coal fired boiler bellows and coal fired boiler - Google Patents

Automatic dust pelletizing system of coal fired boiler bellows and coal fired boiler Download PDF

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Publication number
CN210463055U
CN210463055U CN201921463449.6U CN201921463449U CN210463055U CN 210463055 U CN210463055 U CN 210463055U CN 201921463449 U CN201921463449 U CN 201921463449U CN 210463055 U CN210463055 U CN 210463055U
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ash
falling pipe
coal
fired boiler
dust
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CN201921463449.6U
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Inventor
相明辉
王新钢
侯波
李明
张超群
张鹏飚
孙鹏宵
崔星源
庞明军
张振鲁
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Yantai Longyuan Power Technology Co Ltd
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Yantai Longyuan Power Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of coal-fired boilers, and discloses an automatic dust removal system for a coal-fired boiler bellows and a coal-fired boiler, wherein the bellows comprises at least two circulation chambers which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the bottom of each circulation chamber is provided with an ash removal device, and an ash inlet of each ash removal device is positioned right below an ash outlet of the ash removal device above the ash removal device; the ash removing device comprises ash falling pipes, and the bottom of each circulation chamber is provided with the ash falling pipe for collecting dust in the corresponding circulation chamber; the air lock is arranged in the ash falling pipe and used for enabling the ash falling pipe to be in a connected or disconnected state. Divide into a plurality of circulation cavities with the bellows and through the adjacent circulation cavity of ash falling pipe intercommunication, the ash falling pipe collects the dust of every circulation cavity, and the airlock makes the ash falling pipe be in connected state or off-state, removes dust to the bellows step by step, has improved dust removal effect. Realize the automatic dust removal of pure mechanical type through the airlock, compare automatically controlled dust removal mode, stability is higher to guarantee that boiler bellows normally works.

Description

Automatic dust pelletizing system of coal fired boiler bellows and coal fired boiler
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a coal fired boiler technical field especially relates to an automatic dust pelletizing system of coal fired boiler bellows and coal fired boiler.
Background
The coal-fired boiler comprises a burner and a secondary air wind box, and a channel for air circulation is provided for pulverized coal combustion through the secondary air wind box. In the actual operation process of the coal-fired boiler, because the dust contained in the air and a large amount of dust existing in the air preheater positioned at the upstream of the secondary air bellows can enter the secondary air bellows in the air flowing process, the dust in the boiler can enter the bellows through the combustor under the action of positive pressure fluctuation in the boiler due to unstable working conditions in the working process of the boiler. These conditions all result in a significant amount of dust being deposited in the overfire air bellows.
Along with the dust deposition volume in the overgrate air bellows increases gradually, will cause the influence to the air flow in the overgrate air bellows, make then the power consumption of the forced draught blower of supplying air in the overgrate air bellows improve, can reduce the overgrate air volume of sending into in the combustor moreover, then lead to buggy burning inadequately.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the prior art provides two ways, the first is to install a door body on the secondary air bellow, and when the boiler is overhauled, the deposited dust in the secondary air bellow is manually removed and conveyed to a designated place. But uncertain when need clear up the dust in the overgrate air bellows, need artificial clearance, extravagant manpower and materials, because the dust flies upward everywhere, not only harm staff's health will be well in the time of artificial clearance, can cause air pollution moreover.
The second method is to utilize the change of the pressure difference in the secondary air bellows and the change of the flow of the secondary air to judge whether dust is accumulated in the bellows and the accumulation degree of the dust, and to clean the dust in the secondary air bellows by adopting the matching of a pump and a valve. Because pump, valve and the sensor that detects overgrate air bellows pressure differential change and overgrate air flow change are electric control, its stability is relatively poor, and any part goes wrong, all can influence whole dust pelletizing system and normally work.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide an automatic dust pelletizing system of coal fired boiler bellows and coal fired boiler can realize mechanical automatic ash removal, guarantees coal fired boiler's bellows and normally works.
To achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal:
an automatic dust removal system for a coal-fired boiler air box comprises at least two circulation chambers which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the bottom of each circulation chamber is provided with an ash removal device, and an ash inlet of each ash removal device is positioned right below an ash outlet of the ash removal device above the ash removal device; the ash handling equipment includes:
the bottom of each circulation chamber is provided with a dust falling pipe for collecting dust in the corresponding circulation chamber;
and the air locking device is arranged in the ash falling pipe and is used for enabling the ash falling pipe to be in a connected state or a disconnected state.
As a preferred technical scheme of the automatic dust removal system for the air box of the coal-fired boiler, an ash storage hopper communicated with the circulation chamber is arranged below each circulation chamber, and the lower end opening of each ash storage hopper is communicated with the upper end opening of the corresponding ash falling pipe.
As a preferable technical scheme of the automatic dedusting system for the air box of the coal-fired boiler, the middle part of the bottom wall of each circulation chamber is provided with the ash removal device.
As a preferable technical scheme of the automatic dedusting system for the air box of the coal-fired boiler, the two sides of the bottom wall of each circulation chamber are provided with the ash removing devices.
As a preferred technical scheme of the automatic dust removal system for the air box of the coal-fired boiler, the ash falling pipe positioned at the lowest part is obliquely arranged, and the corresponding air locker is a turning plate type air locker.
As a preferred technical scheme of the automatic dust removal system for the air box of the coal-fired boiler, the other ash falling pipes except the ash falling pipe positioned at the lowest part are vertically arranged, and the corresponding air locks are straw hat type air locks.
As a preferred technical scheme of the automatic dust removal system for the air box of the coal-fired boiler, a vibrator is arranged on the outer wall of the ash falling pipe at the lowest part.
As a preferable technical solution of the above automatic dust removal system for a wind box of a coal-fired boiler, the weight of dust in the ash falling pipe corresponding to the air locker located above, which changes from the disconnected state to the connected state, is smaller than the weight of dust in the ash falling pipe corresponding to the air locker located below, which changes from the disconnected state to the connected state.
The utility model also provides a coal fired boiler, including the automatic dust pelletizing system of foretell coal fired boiler bellows.
As a preferred technical scheme of the coal-fired boiler, a lower end opening of the lowermost ash falling pipe is communicated with a hearth of the coal-fired boiler;
or the lower end opening of the lowermost ash falling pipe is communicated with the water seal tank of the coal-fired boiler.
The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses divide into a plurality of circulation cavities with bellows to through two adjacent circulation cavities of ash falling pipe intercommunication, set up the ash handling equipment in every circulation cavity below, collect the dust in every circulation cavity through the ash falling pipe, make the ash falling pipe be in connected state or off-state through the airlock that corresponds with the ash falling pipe, avoid once only piling up too much dust in every circulation cavity, remove dust to bellows step by step, improved dust removal effect.
Collect the dust in the circulation chamber through the ash falling pipe, then fall into and accept by the air-lock in the air-lock, make the ash falling pipe be in the off-state through the air-lock, make hot-air unable flow along the ash falling pipe, when accumulational dust weight reaches a certain degree on the air-lock, the air-lock will make the ash falling pipe be in the on-state under lever principle's effect, accumulational dust falls into the dust collector who is located its under on the air-lock, later the air-lock will act once more and make the ash falling pipe be in the off-state, finally discharge the bellows with the dust by the dust collector who is located the below, realize the automatic dust removal of pure mechanical type, compare the automatically controlled dust removal mode among the prior art, stability is higher, thereby guarantee that boiler bellows normally works.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a front view of an automatic dust removal system for a wind box of a coal-fired boiler according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic partial structure diagram of the turnover type air locker provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a straw hat type air locker provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an automatic dust removal system for wind boxes of a coal-fired boiler according to another embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. an air box; 11. a flow-through chamber;
2. a burner;
31. a first ash falling pipe; 32. a second ash falling pipe; 33. an ash storage hopper; 34. an air lock; 341. a gland; 342. a crank arm; 343. fixing the rod; 344. a pressure lever; 345. a weight; 346. fixing a nut; 347. an air locking turnover plate;
4. a vibrator;
5. and (5) sealing the tank with water.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problem solved by the present invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention and the technical effect achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be further explained by combining the drawings and by means of the specific implementation manner. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some but not all of the elements related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in the present embodiment, an automatic dust removal system for a coal-fired boiler windbox is provided, and areas with serious ash deposition of the coal-fired boiler are mainly concentrated behind a main burning area windbox, a middle part of a burnout area windbox and a secondary air baffle, so that the windbox 1 in the present embodiment mainly refers to the main burning area windbox and the burnout area windbox.
The wind box 1 includes at least two flow chambers 11 sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the flow chambers 11 may be two, three, four or more, and the embodiment takes the wind box 1 divided into three flow chambers 11 as an example.
The bottom of each circulation chamber 11 is provided with an ash removal device, and an ash inlet of each ash removal device is positioned right below an ash outlet of the ash removal device above the ash removal device; the ash removing device comprises an ash falling pipe and an air lock 34, and the bottom of each circulation chamber 11 is provided with the ash falling pipe for collecting dust in the corresponding circulation chamber 11; the airlock 34 is provided in the drop tube for putting the drop tube in a connected state or a disconnected state.
The air lock 34 is a structure that works by utilizing the lever principle, and the air lock 34 is used for receiving dust falling into the dust falling pipe, and when the weight of the dust in the dust falling pipe is smaller than a certain weight, the dust falling pipe is in a disconnected state. When the dust in the ash falling pipe is larger than a certain weight, the air lock 34 will change the ash falling pipe from the disconnected state to the connected state.
This embodiment is divided into a plurality of circulation cavities 11 with bellows 1 to through two adjacent circulation cavities 11 of ash falling pipe intercommunication, set up the dust collector in every circulation cavity 11 below, collect the dust in every circulation cavity 11 through the ash falling pipe, make the ash falling pipe be in connected state or off-state through the airlock 34 that corresponds with the ash falling pipe, avoid once only piling up too much dust in every circulation cavity 11, remove dust step by step to bellows 1, the dust removal effect has been improved.
Collect the dust in the circulation chamber 11 through the ash falling pipe, then fall into and be accepted by air-lock 34 in the air-lock 34, make the ash falling pipe be in the off-state through air-lock 34, make hot-air unable along the ash falling pipe flow, when piling up dust weight reaches certain degree on air-lock 34, air-lock 34 will make the ash falling pipe become the on-state under lever principle's effect, the piling up dust falls into in the dust collector who is located its directly below on air-lock 34, then air-lock 34 will act once more and make the ash falling pipe become the off-state, finally discharge dust bellows 1 by the dust collector who is located the below, realize the automatic dust removal of pure mechanical type, compare the automatically controlled dust removal mode among the prior art, stability is higher, thereby guarantee boiler bellows 1 normal work.
In this embodiment, each circulation chamber 11 is provided with an ash storage funnel 33 below, the lower end opening of the ash storage funnel 33 is communicated with the upper end opening of the corresponding ash falling pipe, and the dust in the lowermost circulation chamber 11 can fall into the ash falling pipe conveniently. The opening of the ash storage hopper 33 may be conical or square-tapered, and is not limited in detail. The ash storage hopper 33 and the ash falling pipe may be integrally arranged to form an ash falling pipe with a tapered opening, or the ash storage hopper 33 and the ash falling pipe may be separately arranged, and then the lower opening of the ash storage hopper 33 and the upper opening of the ash falling pipe are connected by welding or the like.
Preferably, the above-mentioned dust removing means are provided in the windbox 1 at a position where dust is extremely liable to accumulate, typically in the middle and on both sides of the bottom wall of each flow-through chamber 11. Different types of windboxes 1 may be distinguished in specific positions and can be determined by experimental observation.
In consideration of the problem of installation space, the ash falling pipe located at the lowermost position is disposed obliquely, and the corresponding air locker 34 is a flap type air locker. The structure of the flap type air locker is prior art and will not be described in detail herein.
As shown in fig. 3, the ash falling pipe corresponding to the flap air-lock is denoted as a first ash falling pipe 31, an air-lock flap 347 obliquely arranged is rotatably connected in the first ash falling pipe 31, the air-lock flap 347 keeps the first ash falling pipe 31 in a disconnected state under the action of a torsion spring of the flap air-lock, and as the dust accumulated on the air-lock flap 347 gradually increases, when the amount of the dust accumulated on the air-lock flap 347 reaches a certain degree, the dust on the air-lock flap 347 pushes the air-lock flap 347 to rotate, so that the first ash falling pipe 31 becomes an opened state, the dust in the first ash falling pipe 31 will be discharged, and then the air-lock flap 347 will be reset again under the action of the torsion spring to make the first ash falling pipe 31 become a disconnected state.
The other ash falling pipes except the ash falling pipe positioned at the lowest part are all vertically arranged, and the corresponding air locking device 34 is a straw hat type air locking device.
As shown in fig. 4, the ash falling pipe corresponding to the straw hat type airlock is denoted as a second ash falling pipe 32, and the second ash falling pipe 32 is fixed to the bottom wall of the corresponding flow chamber 11. The straw hat type airlock provided by this embodiment includes a pressing cover 341, a crank arm 342, a pressing rod 344, a fixing rod 343 and a weight 345, wherein one end of the pressing cover 341 can be inserted into the lower end of the second ash falling pipe 32 to make the second ash falling pipe 32 in a disconnected state or separated from the second ash falling pipe 32 to make the second ash falling pipe 32 in a connected state, and one end of the pressing cover 341 inserted into the lower end of the second ash falling pipe 32 is in a frustum shape or a spherical shape to ensure the sealing effect between the pressing cover 341 and the second ash falling pipe 32.
One end of the fixing rod 343 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the second ash dropping pipe 32, the pressing rod 344 and the crank arm 342 are integrally arranged, one end of the crank arm 342, which is far away from the pressing cover 341, is connected to the pressing rod 344, the connecting position of the pressing rod 344 and the crank arm 342 is rotatably connected to the fixing rod 343 through a rotating shaft, one end of the pressing rod 344, which is far away from the crank arm 342, is connected to the heavy hammer 345, the heavy hammer 345 is sleeved on the pressing rod 344, and two sides of the heavy hammer 345 are provided with fixing nuts 346 which are in threaded connection with the.
The weight 345 provides a downward force to insert the pressing cap 341 into the lower end of the second soot tube 32 by using the lever principle, so that the second soot tube 32 is in a disconnected state. When the dust on the gland 341 is accumulated to a certain degree, the gland 341 will be pushed to rotate, so that the dust on the gland 341 is discharged through the second dust falling pipe 32, and then the gland 341 will again turn off the second dust falling pipe 32 by the action of the weight 345.
In this embodiment, the three circulation chambers 11 are a first circulation chamber, a second circulation chamber and a third circulation chamber, wherein two rows of second ash falling pipes 32 are disposed below the first circulation chamber and the second circulation chamber, a first ash falling pipe 31 is disposed below the third circulation chamber, and the lower openings of the second ash falling pipes 32 are located right above the ash storage hopper 33 corresponding to the first ash falling pipe 31, so that all the ash falling from each second ash falling pipe 32 can enter the first ash falling pipe 31.
In order to avoid simultaneous opening of the plurality of air-locks 34 and simultaneous communication of the plurality of flow chambers 11, in the present embodiment, the weight of dust in the dust falling pipe corresponding to the upper air-lock 34 is smaller than the weight of dust in the dust falling pipe corresponding to the lower air-lock 34. It is further preferred that the dust weight of the dust falling pipe for each airlock 34 is different from that of the dust falling pipe for changing the off state to the on state.
In order to prevent rust and reduce resistance, the first ash falling pipe 31, the second ash falling pipe 32, the airlock 34, and the ash storage hopper 33 in the present embodiment are made of stainless steel.
In order to avoid that the dust pipe is blocked by dust, the outer wall of the dust pipe positioned at the lowest position is provided with a rapping device 4, and the rapping device 4 is arranged at the upstream or downstream of the corresponding airlock 34. It is worth mentioning that the most preferred solution is to provide a rapper 4 in each drop tube, but at a relatively high cost.
The embodiment also provides a coal-fired boiler which comprises the automatic dust removal system for the air box of the coal-fired boiler, and two burners 2 are arranged in each circulation chamber 11.
The lower end opening of the ash falling pipe positioned at the lowest part can be communicated with a hearth of the coal-fired boiler, and dust sent into the hearth can flow into an ash hopper at the bottom of the boiler. The dust collection method is suitable for a dry slag conveyor or a wet slag conveyor. In order to prevent dust from wearing the water-cooled wall of the coal-fired boiler, a steel plate or ceramic made of wear-resistant and heat-resistant materials is added on the inner wall of the dust falling channel through which the dust passes.
The utility model discloses a in other embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, can also communicate the lower extreme opening that is located the ash falling pipe of below with water seal tank 5 at the coal fired boiler stove bottom, the moisturizing pipe with the configuration of current water seal tank 5 reforms the ash falling pipe lower part, or install new dust bath and connect, need notice moisturizing pipe and bath and connect and be located the installation angle between the lower extreme opening of the ash falling pipe of below, utilize moisturizing pipe or bath to connect spun rivers to be washed away by the ash falling pipe in exhaust dust, the lower extreme opening that avoids being located the ash falling pipe of below is blockked up. This dust collection method is only applicable to wet dragveyer.
It is obvious that the above embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Wherein the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

1. An automatic dust removal system for a coal-fired boiler air box is characterized in that the bottom of each circulation chamber (11) is provided with an ash removal device, and an ash inlet of each ash removal device is positioned right below an ash outlet of the ash removal device above the ash removal device; the ash handling equipment includes:
the bottom of each circulation chamber (11) is provided with the ash falling pipe for collecting dust in the corresponding circulation chamber (11);
and the air lock (34) is arranged in the ash falling pipe and is used for enabling the ash falling pipe to be in a connected state or a disconnected state.
2. The automatic dedusting system for wind boxes of a coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein an ash storage hopper (33) is arranged below each circulation chamber (11) and communicated with the circulation chamber, and the lower end opening of each ash storage hopper (33) is communicated with the upper end opening of the corresponding ash falling pipe.
3. The automatic dedusting system for wind boxes of a coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the middle of the bottom wall of each of the circulating chambers (11) is provided with the ash removing device.
4. The automatic dedusting system for wind boxes of a coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein the dedusting devices are arranged on two sides of the bottom wall of each circulation chamber (11).
5. The automatic dedusting system for wind boxes of a coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein the ash falling pipe positioned at the lowest position is obliquely arranged, and the corresponding air locker (34) is a flap-type air locker.
6. The automatic dedusting system for wind boxes of a coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein the ash falling pipes except the ash falling pipe positioned at the lowest part are vertically arranged, and the corresponding air locks (34) are straw hat type air locks.
7. The automatic dust removal system for the wind boxes of the coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein the outer wall of the ash falling pipe at the lowest position is provided with a vibrator (4).
8. The automatic dedusting system for wind boxes of a coal-fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein the weight of dust which causes the ash falling pipe corresponding to the airlock (34) positioned above to change from the disconnected state to the connected state is smaller than the weight of dust which causes the ash falling pipe corresponding to the airlock (34) positioned below to change from the disconnected state to the connected state.
9. A coal-fired boiler characterized by comprising the automatic dust removal system for wind boxes of a coal-fired boiler according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The coal-fired boiler according to claim 9, wherein the lower end opening of the lowermost ash falling pipe is communicated with the furnace of the coal-fired boiler;
or the lower end opening of the lowermost ash falling pipe is communicated with a water seal tank (5) of the coal-fired boiler.
CN201921463449.6U 2019-09-04 2019-09-04 Automatic dust pelletizing system of coal fired boiler bellows and coal fired boiler Active CN210463055U (en)

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CN201921463449.6U CN210463055U (en) 2019-09-04 2019-09-04 Automatic dust pelletizing system of coal fired boiler bellows and coal fired boiler

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201921463449.6U CN210463055U (en) 2019-09-04 2019-09-04 Automatic dust pelletizing system of coal fired boiler bellows and coal fired boiler

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111473348A (en) * 2020-05-27 2020-07-31 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 Boiler bellows deposition ash handling equipment
CN113446597A (en) * 2021-07-30 2021-09-28 西安热工研究院有限公司 Secondary air box for preventing large air box of cyclone burner from accumulating ash, boiler system and method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111473348A (en) * 2020-05-27 2020-07-31 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 Boiler bellows deposition ash handling equipment
CN113446597A (en) * 2021-07-30 2021-09-28 西安热工研究院有限公司 Secondary air box for preventing large air box of cyclone burner from accumulating ash, boiler system and method

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