CN210460638U - Sleeve external armored optical cable orientation system based on electromagnetic induction - Google Patents
Sleeve external armored optical cable orientation system based on electromagnetic induction Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides a casing external armored optical cable orientation system based on electromagnetic induction, wherein a special armored optical cable is arranged outside a metal casing; the special armored optical cable adopts a continuous metal thin tube and an outer-wrapped insulating material thin tube to package the optical fiber; loading alternating current to the continuous metal thin tube at a wellhead; the wellhead ground logging truck controls an underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument through an armored logging cable; the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument comprises a gyroscope and a three-component induction magnetic field sensor. The utility model discloses a load alternating current makes it produce alternation induction magnetic field on to continuous metal tubule, surveys the induction magnetic field that distributes along special armor optical cable through gyroscope and three-component induction magnetic field sensor to confirm the outer armor optical cable of metal casing along the concrete degree of depth position and the geographical position that the sleeve pipe extends, can not launch absolutely by the perforation when the perforation in order to guarantee at the permanent special armor optical cable of the metal casing outside installation of vertical shaft, inclined shaft and horizontal well.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the well logging, concretely relates to outer armor optical cable orientation system of sleeve pipe based on electromagnetic induction.
Background
The optical fiber sensing technology started in 1977 and developed rapidly along with the development of the optical fiber communication technology, and the optical fiber sensing technology is an important mark for measuring the informatization degree of a country. The optical fiber sensing technology is widely applied to the fields of military affairs, national defense, aerospace, industrial and mining enterprises, energy environmental protection, industrial control, medicine and health, metering test, building, household appliances and the like, and has a wide market. There are hundreds of fiber sensing technologies in the world, and physical quantities such as temperature, pressure, flow, displacement, vibration, rotation, bending, liquid level, speed, acceleration, sound field, current, voltage, magnetic field, radiation and the like realize sensing with different performances.
The downhole optical fiber sensing system can be used for measuring pressure, temperature, noise, vibration, sound wave, seismic wave, flow, component analysis, electric field and magnetic field downhole. The system is based on a full armored optical cable structure, and the sensor and the connecting and data transmission cable are all made of optical fibers. At present, there are various underground armored optical cables, such as those placed in an underground control pipeline, placed in a coiled tubing, directly integrated into the wall of the coiled tubing made of composite material, bound and fixed outside the tubing, placed in and bound outside the casing, and permanently fixed with well-cementing cement.
When the armored optical cable is bound and fixed at the outer side of a casing of a vertical well, an inclined well or a horizontal well and is permanently fixed by using well cementation cement, if perforation operation is to be carried out at a reservoir stratum section, specific geographic directions of the armored optical cable at different depth positions outside the casing need to be detected, a directional perforation technology is adopted during perforation, and the armored optical cable outside the casing is avoided at the perforation section.
The Silixa company in UK utilizes the acoustic principle, a sound generator driven by a battery is arranged beside an armored optical cable, the battery drives the sound generator to emit sound signals at regular time, then the head end of the armored optical cable is connected to a distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing (DAS) modulation and demodulation instrument placed at a wellhead, and the specific depth position and the geographical orientation of the armored optical cable arranged beside the underground sound generator in the underground can be basically determined by measuring the sound signals distributed along the underground armored optical cable and calculating the depth position and the geographical orientation of the underground sound generator in the underground.
Although the use of downhole sound generators by Silixa corporation can substantially determine the specific depth location and geographic orientation of downhole armored fiber cables at the point of installation of the sound generator, it has several disadvantages: (1) the battery capacity in the underground sound generator is limited, the underground sound generator can only work continuously for about 30 days, and once the electric energy of the battery is exhausted, the underground sound generator stops working immediately. Because the downhole sound generator and the armored optical cable are permanently fixed outside the casing by the cementing cement, the downhole sound generator cannot be charged or a battery cannot be replaced, and the downhole sound generator is permanently disabled. Once the time for the well cementing or completion operation exceeds 30 days, the specific depth position and the geographic position of the external armored optical cable of the casing can not be determined by utilizing a downhole sound generator; (2) the cost of the underground sound generator is high, and if the sound generators are densely distributed along the armored optical cable, the cost of underground equipment is high; (3) if too few sound generators are run along the armored cable, while the overall cost of the downhole equipment can be reduced, the positioning and orientation of the armored cable between every two downhole sound generators will be subject to large errors or orientation failures.
The Chinese patent application 'location and orientation system of optical cable sheathed outside a sleeve and a data acquisition method thereof' (201910618067.4) provides a location and orientation system of optical cable sheathed outside a sleeve and a data acquisition method thereof, wherein a special sheathed optical cable is arranged outside a metal sleeve; the permanent magnet is arranged outside the special armored optical cable; the underground magnetic detecting instrument is connected with a wellhead ground logging truck through an armored logging cable, and the wellhead ground logging truck controls the underground magnetic detecting instrument through the armored logging cable; the underground magnetic detection instrument comprises a gyroscope and a three-component magnetic field sensor. The invention adopts the special armored optical cable with the permanent magnet, and uses a gyroscope and a three-component magnetic field sensor to detect the specific depth position and the geographic orientation of the permanent magnet in the metal sleeve, thereby determining the specific depth position and the geographic orientation of the armored optical cable extending along the sleeve, and ensuring that the permanent special armored optical cable arranged outside the sleeves of the vertical well, the inclined well and the horizontal well cannot be broken by perforation ejection during perforation. Although the method is simple and easy to implement, if the permanent magnet and the armored optical cable are separated carelessly in the process of installing the underground casing and the armored optical cable or the permanent magnet material is demagnetized under the underground high-temperature high-pressure environment, the underground magnetic force detection instrument cannot accurately detect the position and the geographical position of the armored optical cable outside the casing.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to ensure that permanent armored optical cables installed outside the casings of the vertical well, the inclined well and the horizontal well are not broken by perforation ejection during perforation, the specific depth position and the geographic orientation of the armored optical cable outside the casing are measured in advance before directional perforation is implemented, and specific depth and geographic orientation data of the armored optical cable at the section of the perforation-avoiding well are provided for directional perforation operation. In view of the shortcomings of the existing method for detecting the position and the geographic orientation of the external armored optical cable of the sleeve by arranging a sound generator or a permanent magnetic material beside the armored optical cable, a method and a technology for detecting the specific depth position and the geographic orientation of the external armored optical cable of the sleeve with low cost, long period, high precision and high reliability are needed. The utility model provides an insulating material tubule that adopts conductive metal tubule and overcoat to encapsulate single mode or multimode or special optical fiber and make the armor optical cable, give the conductive metal tubule loading alternating current (I) of encapsulation optic fibre through the alternating current power supply who lays at the well head, according to the electromagnetic induction principle, along the alternating current (I) that the conductive metal tubule of encapsulation optic fibre flows, can make it produce along the electromagnetic induction magnetic field (B) that the armor optical cable distributes, through use gyroscope and three-component induction magnetic field sensor to survey along the induction magnetic field (B) that special armor optical cable distributes in the metal casing, can be in order to survey specific degree of depth position and geographical position that the special armor optical cable of establishing the permanent laying outside of the cover pipe extends along the sleeve pipe.
The magnetic field around the electrified straight conductor is distributed from the conductor to the outside in a concentric circle shape, and the strength of the magnetic field is weaker as the magnetic field is farther away from the conductor, and the specific formula is that B is equal to mu I/(2 pi r) (infinite straight conductor) (mu true)Empty permeability,. mu.4 π 10-7T.m/A, I is the current conducted along the conductor, and r is the distance between the point to be measured and the conductor). The strength of the magnetic field is related to the magnitude of the current; the larger the current is, the stronger the generated magnetic field is, and the direction of the magnetic field depends on the direction of the current, and the direction of the current of the conducting wire and the direction of the generated magnetic field are generally discriminated by a right-hand rule (also called ampere-fold rule, right-hand helical rule, ampere-right-hand rule).
The utility model aims at overcoming prior art's not enough, provide an insulating material tubule encapsulation single mode or multimode or special optical fiber that adopts conductive metal tubule and outsourcing and make the armor optical cable, when giving conductive metal tubule loading alternating current power supply (I) in the armor optical cable, through use gyroscope and three-component induction magnetic field sensor to survey induction magnetic field (B) along special armor optical cable distribution in the metal sleeve pipe to confirm that the armor optical cable of laying outside the cover pipe extends to the orientation system and the method of the geographical position of the different degree of depth position along the sleeve pipe.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides a casing external armored optical cable orientation system, which comprises a metal casing, a wellhead ground logging truck, an alternating current power supply device arranged at the wellhead and an underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument; a special armored optical cable is arranged outside the metal sleeve; the special armored optical cable adopts a conductive metal thin tube and a thin tube which is coated with an insulating material to package a single-mode or multi-mode or special optical fiber.
The underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument is connected with a wellhead ground logging truck through an armored logging cable, and the wellhead ground logging truck controls data acquisition operation of the underground magnetic detecting instrument, and descending and lifting of the instrument through the armored logging cable; a power supply device for loading an alternating current power supply to the conductive metal thin tube in the armored optical cable is arranged near the ground wellhead; the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument comprises a high-temperature-resistant and high-pressure-resistant shell made of nonmagnetic metal or composite materials, and the inside of the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument comprises a gyroscope, a three-component induction magnetic field sensor, a low-frequency signal amplification and analog-to-digital conversion module, a data storage module and a data remote transmission module, wherein the gyroscope is fixed above the three-component induction magnetic field sensor.
The gyroscope may be a mechanical gyroscope, or an electronic gyroscope, or a fiber optic gyroscope.
The three-component induction magnetic field sensor can be three mutually orthogonal induction coil type magnetic field sensors, or three mutually orthogonal fluxgate type induction magnetic field sensors, or three mutually orthogonal optical fiber induction magnetic field sensors.
The system comprises an amplification and analog-to-digital conversion module, a data storage module and a data remote transmission module, wherein the amplification and analog-to-digital conversion module, the data storage module and the data remote transmission module are respectively used for amplifying, analog-to-digital conversion, storage and data remote transmission of signals of a gyroscope and a three-component induction magnetic field sensor, and the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detection instrument synchronously transmits gyroscope three-component attitude data and three-component magnetic field data acquired by the instrument to a control and recording computer system in a ground logging truck in real time during operation.
The multi-channel signal amplifier of the amplification and analog-to-digital conversion module is a low-noise low-frequency amplifier, and the multi-channel analog-to-digital converter module is a 32-bit analog-to-digital converter with the sampling rate of 4000 Hz. The data storage module is a multi-channel high-temperature-resistant solid-state memory.
The special armored optical cable is manufactured by adopting a conductive metal thin tube and a thin tube which is wrapped by an insulating material to package a single-mode or multi-mode or special optical fiber.
The special armored optical cable is manufactured by adopting a conductive metal thin tube and a thin tube which is wrapped by an insulating material to package a single-mode or multi-mode or special optical fiber, and when an alternating current power supply I is loaded on the conductive metal thin tube in the armored optical cable near a ground wellhead, the armored optical cable can be changed into the special armored optical cable with an alternating current induction magnetic field B distribution mark.
The special armored optical cable protective sleeve is characterized by further comprising an annular metal clip, wherein the annular metal clip is fixedly arranged at the position of a metal sleeve shoe connected with the two metal sleeves, so that the special armored optical cable is protected from moving and/or being damaged when the special armored optical cable is used for casing running and well cementing operation.
The data acquisition method of the external armored optical cable orientation system of the sleeve comprises the following steps:
(a) synchronously and slowly putting the metal sleeve and the special armored optical cable into a drilled well hole;
(b) the annular metal clip is arranged at the junction of the two metal sleeves at the wellhead, so that the special armored optical cable (1) is fixed and protected from moving and/or being damaged in the process of casing running;
(c) pumping cement slurry from the well bottom by using a high-pressure pump truck, returning the cement slurry to the well head from the well bottom along an annular area between the outer wall of the metal casing and the drill hole, and permanently fixing the metal casing, the special armored optical cable and the stratum together after the cement slurry is solidified;
(d) firstly, calibrating a gyroscope in an underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument at a wellhead, and then slowly lowering the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument from the axial lead of a metal sleeve to the bottom of a well;
(e) connecting the conductive metal thin tube with the optical fiber packaged in the special armored optical cable to a power supply device which can load alternating current on the conductive metal thin tube at a wellhead and continuously supplying power to the conductive metal thin tube by alternating current I;
(f) the wellhead ground logging truck sends out an instruction to start the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument to start to acquire three-component attitude data of the gyroscope and three-component induction magnetic field B data of the three-component induction magnetic field sensor, and meanwhile, the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument is slowly lifted upwards; the gyroscope and the three-component induction magnetic field sensor continuously measure the real-time attitude of the three-component induction magnetic field sensor and the change of the induction magnetic field intensity B in a certain range around the metal sleeve along the inner wall of the metal sleeve; after the magnetic field distribution near the metal casing of the whole well section or the planned perforation section is measured, the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument is lifted out of a well mouth;
(g) carrying out field intensity vector synthesis processing on an induced magnetic field B measured by the three-component induced magnetic field sensor, wherein the direction indicated by the field intensity vector of the strongest induced magnetic field is the geographical direction of the special armored optical cable outside the metal sleeve; the length of the armored logging cable in the well is the measurement depth of the special armored optical cable.
The field intensity vector of the strongest induction magnetic field measured by the three-component induction magnetic field sensor along the inner wall of the metal sleeve is projected to the well track of the gyroscope corresponding to the underground measurement depth, so that the geographical position of the special armored optical cable outside the sleeve at different underground depth positions can be drawn.
The magnetism generated by the downhole metal casing itself in the earth's magnetic field is distributed substantially uniformly in a circular ring shape between the inner and outer surfaces of the casing (within the steel of the steel casing). Because the special armored optical cable is installed outside the steel sleeve, namely the metal sleeve, and is manufactured by adopting a conductive metal thin tube and an insulating material coated thin tube to package a single mode or multimode or special optical fiber, when an alternating current I is loaded on the conductive metal thin tube in the special armored optical cable through an alternating current power supply device arranged near a wellhead, an electromagnetic induction magnetic field B perpendicular to the conduction direction of the alternating current can be generated around the continuous metal thin tube along the alternating current conducted by the conductive metal thin tube, under the action of the alternating current I with certain intensity, the electromagnetic induction magnetic field generated around the conductive metal thin tube can be far greater than the magnetism of the common steel sleeve, and at the moment, the magnetism around the steel sleeve is not basically and uniformly distributed in a ring shape. A strong induced magnetic field B anomaly will occur near the location where the special armored cable is secured to the outside of the sleeve.
The magnetic field around the electrified straight conductor is distributed from the conductor to the outside in a concentric circle shape, and the intensity of the magnetic field is weaker as the magnetic field is farther away from the conductor, and the specific formula is that B is equal to mu I/(2 pi r) (infinite long straight conductor) (mu vacuum magnetic permeability, mu is equal to 4 pi 10-7T.m/A, I is the current conducted along the conductor, and r is the distance between the point to be measured and the conductor). The strength of the magnetic field is related to the magnitude of the current I; the larger the current is, the stronger the generated magnetic field is, and the direction of the magnetic field depends on the direction of the current I, and the direction of the current I of the conducting wire and the direction of the induced magnetic field B generated by the conducting wire are generally distinguished by a right-hand rule (also called ampere-fold rule, right-hand helical rule, or ampere-right-hand rule).
Centralizers are arranged above and below the underground three-component induced magnetic field detection instrument, so that the underground three-component induced magnetic field detection instrument is always positioned at the central position of the sleeve during operation. A gyroscope and a three-component induced magnetic field sensor in the underground three-component induced magnetic field detection instrument continuously measure the change of the induced magnetic field intensity B in a certain range around the casing along the inner wall of the casing. And (3) carrying out field intensity vector synthesis processing on the induced magnetic field B measured by the three-component induced magnetic field sensor, wherein the direction indicated by the strongest field intensity vector is the geographical position of the special armored optical cable which is fixed on the outer side of the sleeve and adopts the conductive metal thin tube and the thin tube packaged optical fiber by the insulating material outside at the measured depth position. A gyroscope is fixed above a three-component induction magnetic field sensor of the underground three-component induction magnetic field detection instrument, the field intensity vector of the strongest induction magnetic field B measured by the three-component induction magnetic field sensor along the inner wall of a shaft sleeve is projected to a track of the underground gyroscope along the shaft corresponding to the position (depth) of the three-component induction magnetic field sensor during underground measurement, and the geographical position of the special armored optical cable outside the sleeve at different underground depth positions can be drawn.
The utility model provides an outer armor optical cable directional system of sleeve pipe and data acquisition method thereof is the method and the technique of the concrete degree of depth position and the geographical position of the outer armor optical cable of detection sleeve pipe for low cost, high accuracy, high reliability. The utility model provides an insulating material tubule encapsulation single mode or multimode or special optical fiber that adopt conductive metal tubule and outsourcing make the armor optical cable, give the conductive metal tubule loading alternating current I in the special armor optical cable through laying near the well head AC power supply unit, make it produce along special armor optical cable continuous distribution's induction magnetic field B, survey along special armor optical cable distribution's induction magnetic field B through using gyroscope and three-component induction magnetic field sensor in the metal casing, can confirm the specific degree of depth position and the geographical position that the sleeve pipe extends are followed to the special armor optical cable that the cover pipe outer permanent laying. The specific depth position and the geographic orientation of the armored optical cable outside the casing are measured in advance before directional perforation, and specific depth and geographic orientation data of the armored optical cable at the section of the perforation-avoiding well can be provided for directional perforation operation, so that the permanent armored optical cable installed outside the casings of the vertical well, the inclined well and the horizontal well cannot be broken by perforation ejection during perforation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the downhole three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the external installation of the sleeve of the special armored optical cable of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a special armored optical cable according to the present invention.
Fig. 5a is a schematic perspective view of the distribution of the alternating induced magnetic field after the long metal tubule is loaded with the alternating current.
Fig. 5b is a schematic top view of the distribution of the alternating induced magnetic field after the long metal tubule is loaded with the alternating current.
Fig. 5c is a schematic cross-sectional view of the distribution of the alternating induced magnetic field after the long metal tubule is loaded with the alternating current.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but they are not to be construed as limiting the invention, and are presented by way of example only, and the advantages of the invention will become more apparent and can be easily understood by description.
The utility model discloses an embodiment of the outer armor optical cable orientation system of sleeve pipe based on electromagnetic induction principle, as follows:
example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the system for orienting the armored optical cable outside the casing comprises a special armored optical cable 1 arranged outside a metal casing 3, a wellhead ground logging truck 2, an underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument 7 and an armored logging cable 8 connected with the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument 7; the special armored optical cable 1 consists of a single-mode or multi-mode or special optical fiber 9 packaged by a conductive metal thin tube 4 and an outer-coated insulating material thin tube 5; a power supply device 6 for loading alternating current on the conductive metal thin tube 4 in the special armored optical cable 1; the special armored optical cable 1 is arranged outside the metal sleeve 3; the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument 7 adopts a high-temperature-resistant and high-pressure-resistant shell made of nonmagnetic metal or composite materials, and is internally provided with a gyroscope 11, a three-component induction magnetic field sensor 12, a multi-channel module 13 for amplifying and performing analog-to-digital conversion on signals of the gyroscope 11 and the three-component induction magnetic field sensor 12, a data storage module 14 and a data remote transmission module 15; the gyroscope 11 is fixed above the three-component induction magnetic field sensor 12; the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument 7 is connected with the wellhead ground logging truck 2 through an armored logging cable 8, and the armored logging cable 8 on the wellhead ground logging truck 2 controls the operation of the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument 7 and the depth position of the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument in a well.
The external armored cable orientation system further comprises an annular metal clip 20, wherein the annular metal clip 20 is fixedly arranged at the position of the metal sleeve 3 boot, and the special armored cable 1 is protected from moving and/or being damaged in the process of casing running.
In order to adapt to the severe environment of underground high temperature and high pressure, most of the underground optical cables are armored by different materials and different structures, and the underground optical cables are high temperature resistant, high pressure resistant, stretch resistant, extrusion resistant and impact resistant, so that the integrity and smoothness of the underground optical cables during underground operation are ensured. One of the commonly used armoring techniques is to place a single or several high temperature resistant single-mode or multi-mode or special optical fibers into a sealed fine stainless steel tube for protection. According to the magnitude of underground pressure and the external force strength in the underground operation process, sometimes one or more layers of stainless steel pipes with slightly larger diameters are sleeved outside the small stainless steel pipe provided with a single or a plurality of high-temperature-resistant optical fibers, and even one or more layers of armor steel wires are wound outside the layers of stainless steel pipes to enhance the compression resistance and the impact resistance of the armored optical cable.
The embodiment provides that a single-mode or multi-mode or special optical fiber 9 packaged by a conductive metal thin tube 4 and an insulating material thin tube 5 is adopted to manufacture the special armored optical cable 1, and alternating current I is loaded on the conductive metal thin tube 4 in the special armored optical cable 1 to enable the conductive metal thin tube to generate an induced magnetic field B which is continuously distributed along the special armored optical cable 1. A downhole three-component electromagnetic induction detection instrument 7 provided with a gyroscope 11 and a three-component induction magnetic field sensor 12 is used in the metal sleeve 3, and the specific depth position and the geographic orientation of the special armored optical cable 1 permanently arranged outside the metal sleeve 3 along the extension of the metal sleeve 3 are determined by measuring the induction magnetic field B distributed along the special armored optical cable.
The wellhead ground logging truck 2 and the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument 7 are connected through an armored logging cable 8. During operation, alternating current I is loaded on the conductive metal thin tube 4 in the special armored optical cable 1 at the wellhead, and the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detection instrument 7 synchronously transmits three-component gyroscope data and three-component induction magnetic field B data acquired by the instrument to a control and record computer system in the wellhead ground logging truck 2 in real time.
The gyroscope 11 may be a mechanical gyroscope, or an electronic gyroscope, or an optical fiber gyroscope.
The three-component magnetic field sensor 12 may be three mutually orthogonal induction coil type magnetic field sensors, or three mutually orthogonal fluxgate type induction magnetic field sensors, or three mutually orthogonal fiber optic induction magnetic field sensors.
The magnetic properties of the downhole metal casing 3 are substantially uniformly distributed in a circular ring shape between the inner and outer surfaces of the casing (within the steel of the steel casing). Because the special armored optical cable 1 is installed outside the steel sleeve, namely the metal sleeve 3, the special armored optical cable 1 is a special armored optical cable 1 which is made of a single-mode or multi-mode or special optical fiber packaged by a conductive metal thin tube 4 and an insulating material thin tube 5, when alternating current I is loaded on the conductive metal thin tube 4 in the special armored optical cable 1 through an alternating current power supply device 6 arranged near a wellhead, alternating current conducted along the conductive metal thin tube 4 can generate an electromagnetic induction magnetic field B perpendicular to the alternating current conduction direction around the conductive metal thin tube 4, under the action of the alternating current with certain intensity, the electromagnetic induction magnetic field B generated around the conductive metal thin tube 4 can be far greater than the magnetism of the common steel sleeve 3, and at the moment, the magnetism around the steel sleeve 3 is not basically and uniformly distributed in a circular ring shape. A strong induced magnetic field anomaly B will occur at the location where the special armored cable 1 is fixed outside the sleeve.
The magnetic field around the electrified straight conductor is distributed from the conductor to the outside in a concentric circle shape, and the intensity of the magnetic field is weaker as the magnetic field is farther away from the conductor, and the specific formula is that B is equal to mu I/(2 pi r) (infinite long straight conductor) (mu vacuum magnetic permeability, mu is equal to 4 pi 10-7T.m/A, I is the current conducted along the conductor, and r is the distance between the point to be measured and the conductor). The strength of the magnetic field is related to the magnitude of the current I; the larger the current I, the stronger the magnetic field B generated, the direction of the magnetic field BThe direction of the current I of the energized conductor and the direction of the induced magnetic field B generated by the energized conductor are generally distinguished by a right-hand rule (also called ampere rule, right-hand helical rule, ampere-right-hand rule), depending on the direction of the current I, as shown in fig. 5a, 5B and 5 c.
Centralizers are arranged above and below the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument 7, so that the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument 7 is always positioned at the central position of the casing pipe during operation. The gyroscope 11 and the three-component induction magnetic field sensor 12 in the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument 7 continuously measure the real-time attitude of the three-component induction magnetic field sensor 12 and the change of the induction magnetic field strength B in a certain range around the metal sleeve 3 along the inner wall of the sleeve. And (3) carrying out field intensity vector synthesis processing on the induced magnetic field B measured by the three-component induced magnetic field sensor 12, wherein the direction indicated by the strongest field intensity vector is the geographical direction of the special armored optical cable 1 fixedly arranged on the outer side of the metal sleeve 3. The length of the armored logging cable 8 in the well is the measurement depth of the special armored optical cable 1. A gyroscope 11 is fixed above a three-component induction magnetic field sensor 12 of the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument 7, and the field intensity vector of the strongest induction magnetic field B measured by the three-component induction magnetic field sensor 12 along the inner wall of the shaft sleeve is projected to the track of the underground gyroscope 11 along the shaft corresponding to the position, namely the depth, of the three-component induction magnetic field sensor 12 during underground measurement, so that the geographical position of the special armored optical cable 1 outside the metal sleeve 3 at different underground depth positions can be drawn.
A continuous metal casing 3, hundreds to thousands of metres long, is run downhole by running tens to hundreds of metal casings, of length around 10 metres, continuously into the wellbore. The bottom of each metal sleeve with the length of about 10 meters is provided with a sleeve shoe with the diameter slightly larger than that of the metal sleeve 3, the sleeve shoes are used for fixing the heads and the tails of the two metal sleeves 3 together, and the phenomenon of eccentricity or misalignment of the upper and the lower metal sleeves 3 at the butt joint point is avoided. In order to protect the special armored cable 1 from being worn out or being crushed or broken at the position of the casing shoe during the operation of simultaneously lowering the metal casing 3 into the well, an annular metal clip 20 is fixedly arranged at the position of each metal casing shoe for protecting the special armored cable 1 which passes through the position of the casing shoe outside the metal casing 3 from moving and/or being damaged.
When the special armored optical cable 1 is arranged outside a metal sleeve 3 of a vertical well, an inclined well or a horizontal well, the metal sleeve 3, the special armored optical cable 1 on the outer side and a stratum are permanently fixed together by using well cement, an alternating current I is loaded to a conductive metal thin tube 4 in the special armored optical cable 1 through an alternating current power supply device 6 arranged near a wellhead to generate an induced magnetic field B continuously distributed along the armored optical cable 1, an underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument 7 provided with a gyroscope 11 and a three-component induced magnetic field sensor 12 is placed in the metal sleeve 3, and the specific depth position and the geographic orientation of the special armored optical cable 1 permanently arranged outside the metal sleeve 3 extending along the sleeve are determined by measuring the induced magnetic field B distributed along the special armored optical cable 1.
The data acquisition method adopting the special armored optical cable orientation system outside the sleeve comprises the following steps:
a. a single-mode or multi-mode or special optical fiber 9 is packaged by a continuous metal thin tube 4 and an outer-wrapped insulating material thin tube 5 to manufacture a special armored optical cable 1;
b. synchronously and slowly descending the special armored optical cable 1 fixed on the outer side of the metal sleeve 3 and the metal sleeve 3 into a drilled well hole;
c. the annular metal clip 20 is arranged at the junction of the two metal sleeves 3 at the well head, so that the special armored optical cable 1 is fixed and protected from moving and/or being damaged in the process of casing running;
d. pumping cement slurry from the bottom of the well by using a high-pressure pump truck, returning the cement slurry to the wellhead from the bottom of the well along an annular area between the outer wall of the metal casing 3 and the borehole, and permanently fixing the metal casing 3, the special armored optical cable 1 and the stratum together after the cement slurry is solidified;
e. connecting a conductive metal thin tube 4 for packaging optical fibers in the special armored optical cable 1 to a power supply device 6 capable of loading alternating current I at a wellhead and continuously supplying power to the conductive metal thin tube 4;
f. firstly, calibrating a gyroscope 11 in an underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument 7 to be put into a well at a well head, and then slowly putting the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument 7 down to the well bottom. Centralizers are arranged above and below the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument 7, so that the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument 7 is always positioned at the central position of the casing pipe during operation;
g. and sending an instruction from the ground logging truck 2 near the wellhead to start the underground magnetic detection instrument 7 to start collecting three-component attitude data of the gyroscope 11 and three-component induction magnetic field B data of the three-component induction magnetic field sensor 12, and slowly moving the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detection instrument 7 upwards. The gyroscope 11 and the three-component induction magnetic field sensor 12 in the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument 7 continuously measure real-time attitude data of the three-component induction magnetic field sensor 12 and changes of the induction magnetic field strength B in a certain range around the metal sleeve 3 along the inner wall of the sleeve. After the distribution of the induced magnetic field B near the metal casing 3 at the whole well section or the planned perforation section is measured, the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument 7 is lifted out of the well mouth;
h. and (3) carrying out field intensity vector synthesis processing on the three-component induced magnetic field B measured by the three-component induced magnetic field sensor 12, wherein the direction indicated by the field intensity vector of the strongest induced magnetic field B is the geographical direction of the special armored optical cable 1 fixed on the outer side of the metal sleeve 3. The length of the armored logging cable 8 in the well is the measuring depth of the special armored optical cable 1. A gyroscope 11 is fixed above a three-component induction magnetic field sensor 12 of the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument 7, and the field intensity vector of the strongest induction magnetic field B measured by the three-component magnetic field sensor 12 along the inner wall of the shaft metal sleeve 3 is projected to the track of the underground gyroscope 11 along the shaft corresponding to the position depth of the three-component induction magnetic field sensor 12 during underground measurement, so that the geographical position of the special armored optical cable 1 outside the metal sleeve 3 at different underground depth positions can be drawn.
Claims (4)
1. The system for orienting the external armored optical cable of the casing based on electromagnetic induction is characterized by comprising a special armored optical cable (1), a wellhead ground logging truck (2), a metal casing (3) and an underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument (7);
the conductive metal thin tube (4) in the special armored optical cable (1) is connected with a power supply device (6) of wellhead alternating current, and the special armored optical cable (1) is arranged on the outer wall of the metal sleeve (3);
the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument (7) is connected with the wellhead ground logging truck (2) through an armored logging cable (8), and the wellhead ground logging truck (2) controls the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument (7) and the depth position of the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument in a well through the armored logging cable (8);
the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument (7) comprises a high-temperature-resistant and high-pressure-resistant shell made of nonmagnetic metal or composite materials, and the underground three-component electromagnetic induction detecting instrument internally comprises a gyroscope (11), a three-component induction magnetic field sensor (12), an amplifying and analog-to-digital conversion module (13), a data storage module (14) and a data remote transmission module (15), wherein the gyroscope (11) is fixed above the three-component induction magnetic field sensor (12).
2. The system for orienting the armored optical cable outside the sleeve based on the electromagnetic induction according to the claim 1, characterized in that the special armored optical cable (1) further comprises a single-mode or multi-mode or special optical fiber (9), a conductive metal thin tube (4) and an insulating material thin tube (5); the conductive metal thin tube (4) is connected with a power supply device (6) of alternating current at a wellhead, the alternating current provided by the wellhead power supply device (6) is loaded on the conductive metal thin tube during operation, the single-mode or multi-mode or special optical fiber (9) is packaged in the conductive metal thin tube (4), and the insulating material thin tube (5) is wrapped outside the conductive metal thin tube (4).
3. The system for orienting the armored cable outside the sleeve based on the electromagnetic induction according to the claim 1, characterized in that, the system further comprises a ring-shaped metal clip (20), the ring-shaped metal clip (20) is fixedly arranged at the boot of the metal sleeve (3) to protect the special armored cable (1) from being damaged during the process of casing.
4. The system according to claim 1, wherein the three-component induction magnetic field sensor (12) is three mutually orthogonal induction coil type magnetic field sensors, or three mutually orthogonal fluxgate type induction magnetic field sensors, or three mutually orthogonal fiber optic induction magnetic field sensors.
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| CN201921482406.2U CN210460638U (en) | 2019-09-07 | 2019-09-07 | Sleeve external armored optical cable orientation system based on electromagnetic induction |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116641700A (en) * | 2023-07-21 | 2023-08-25 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第七地质大队（山东省第七地质矿产勘查院） | Downhole casing position detection system and detection method |
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2019
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116641700A (en) * | 2023-07-21 | 2023-08-25 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第七地质大队（山东省第七地质矿产勘查院） | Downhole casing position detection system and detection method |
| CN116641700B (en) * | 2023-07-21 | 2023-12-08 | 山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第七地质大队（山东省第七地质矿产勘查院） | Downhole casing position detection system and detection method |
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