CN210445528U

CN210445528U - Normal-temperature sub-boiling-point drying system for stored grain

Info

Publication number: CN210445528U
Application number: CN201921268883.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 彭妍琦; 彭东升
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-08-07
Filing date: 2019-08-07
Publication date: 2020-05-05
Anticipated expiration: 2029-08-07

Abstract

A normal-temperature sub-boiling-point drying system for stored grains belongs to the technical field of drying equipment and comprises a tank unit, a grain injection unit and a grain unloading unit, wherein the tank unit comprises a bin body, a heat collecting pipe, a heat exchange air pipe, a heat conducting fin and the like; the grain injection unit comprises a grain injection hopper, a spiral grain injection mechanism, a grain accumulation prevention cone, a grain injection valve lifting mechanism, a grain injection valve head and a grain injection valve guide rail; the grain unloading unit comprises an unloading hopper, a spiral unloading mechanism, an unloading valve guide rail, an unloading valve head, an unloading valve lifting mechanism and a sealing valve face. The beneficial effect of this application does: the grain dehydration and drying storage is safe and reliable, and the grain temperature is increased to accelerate the moisture evaporation and the grain discharge to be smooth.

Description

Normal-temperature sub-boiling-point drying system for stored grain

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of drying equipment, particularly, relate to a store up grain normal atmospheric temperature sub-boiling point drying system.

Background

Grain is an essential material for production and life of the people and also an important strategic material for national safety. The people have good consciousness of eating as days since ancient times. Good grain planting and good grain storage are basic guarantee for the happiness of the national safety people.

The grain storage in summer and autumn is still heavy, and the key point is in the technical aspect. Especially, the time of the grain collection season is short, the quantity is large, and the traditional heating medium indirect drying and dehydrating state is still used in a large layer by the moisture grain dehydration and drying technology. This not only requires a large capital investment and equipment investment, but also occupies a large area. More importantly, most of the heating heat transfer media need to be finished by burning coal, the efficiency is low, and the emission pollution is serious!

The current situation of drying and dehydrating stored grains is as follows:

corn is a autumn harvest crop with large water content during harvesting and storage, and has large grains, thick surface and relatively difficult dehydration. At present, over 72 percent of drying heat sources of grain drying systems are still coal-fired heating media. Nevertheless, the storage and drying capacity is still insufficient. The data shows that the storage and drying capacity is less than 20% of the grain yield. It can be seen that the current defects are not only too low drying technical means, but also serious defects of drying capability.

From the aspects of storage safety and eating safety, the grains are stored after being dried, the quality can be kept for a long time, and meanwhile, the loss of natural airing is reduced. The loss of grain is about 15% in the process of storage, transportation, airing and the like, which is equivalent to the loss of 9 million tons, which is an amount of not less than 6 hundred million tons per year!

At present, the conventional drying and coal heating state needs about 1600 kilocalories per kilogram of water. If the water content is about 22% during storage, the cost is about 40 yuan/ton if the water content is reduced by 8%. If the water content is about 29 percent during storage, the cost is increased to 70 yuan/ton by reducing the water content by 15 percent. There is no equipment maintenance cost, nor is the more important cost of environmental pollution caused by the coal. Meanwhile, the thermal efficiency of the fire coal is relatively low, about 30 percent, the emission temperature of the tail gas of the fire coal is about 100 ℃, and the part of heat is discharged in vain. And the heat of the tail gas discharged from the grain channel is not small, and according to calculation, the discharged heat accounts for 20% -30% of the heating amount. In general, the coal drying cost is high, the efficiency is low, the capital investment is large, a large field is needed, and meanwhile, the cost of environmental pollution is paid!

The cost of other heat source forms is much higher than that of fire coal, and the cost is researched and contrasted and analyzed according to relevant data;

the A.electric heating source is 1 yuan/KWh, about 1.42 yuan is needed to remove one kilogram of water, which is more than one time higher than that of fire coal.

B, a gas heat source, wherein the gas generates 8600 kilocalories per cubic meter of heat, the heat efficiency is 80 percent, and the gas generates 5 yuan/m³The cost is about 0.8 yuan/kg water. Slightly higher than the coal burning cost. However, the gas is limited by regions to a great extent, and cannot be used everywhere, which is also a great difficulty.

C, the heat value of light fuel oil is higher and can reach 10200 big calorie/kg approximately, but the unit price of the fuel oil is also high, about 7.5 yuan/kg. Still on the basis of 80% thermal efficiency, the cost is also around 1.3 yuan, which also shows a higher cost pressure!

In recent years, ground source heat pump heating technology is developed, and the technology also has regional choice. The equipment investment pressure is larger, and the maintenance cost is the highest in the heat sources in several ways!

According to the current situation of grain collection and storage, the grain drying system needs to be improved by combining the conditions of the drying technologies. The basic technology needs to be broken through, and the automation degree needs to be enhanced. Avoiding environmental pollution, saving energy, reducing consumption, enlarging productivity and increasing drying capacity!

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of this application is to provide a store up grain normal atmospheric temperature sub-boiling point drying system, solves the technical problem who makes grain dehydration drying storage to a certain extent.

A stored grain normal-temperature sub-boiling point drying system comprises a tank body unit, a grain injection unit and a grain unloading unit; the tank unit comprises a tank body, a heat collecting pipe, a heat exchange air pipe, an emptying pipe, a heat conducting fin, a conical tank body, a rotary valve guide rail, a positioning rotary valve and a grain unloading vibrator; the grain injection unit comprises a grain injection hopper, a spiral grain injection mechanism, a grain accumulation prevention cone, a grain injection valve lifting mechanism, a grain injection valve head and a grain injection valve guide rail; unload the grain unit and include the discharge hopper, spiral discharge mechanism, the discharge valve guide rail, the discharge valve head, discharge valve elevating system, the sealing valve face, wherein the thermal-collecting tube distributes at the internal in storehouse, conducting strip interval distribution is on the thermal-collecting tube, the external heat transfer tuber pipe that leads to with the storehouse of being used to of storehouse is provided with, heat transfer fan is connected to the heat transfer tuber pipe, storehouse body top is provided with annotates the grain valve head, it prevents the long-pending grain cone to be provided with on the notes grain valve head, it is provided with in the long-pending grain cone and annotates grain valve elevating system and annotate the grain valve guide rail to prevent, the export setting of installing the spiral of annotating the grain mechanism of annotating the grain hopper is on preventing long-pending grain cone upper portion, storehouse body lower extreme is provided with the toper storehouse body, the rotary valve guide rail is installed to toper storehouse body lower extreme.

In the above technical solution, further, the heat collecting tubes include longitudinal heat collecting tubes and transverse heat collecting tubes.

In the above technical scheme, further, the bin body is provided with an evacuation separation net, and the evacuation separation net is connected to a vacuum pump through an evacuation pipe.

In the technical scheme, further, an emptying wind and rain cover is arranged at the top of the grain accumulation preventing cone.

In the above technical solution, further, the cartridge body is provided with a sealing valve surface.

In the above technical solution, further, the discharge hopper is connected to a screw discharge mechanism.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this application is: the bin body is welded into a rectangular or round structure by steel plates, and is flat at the upper part and conical at the lower part. The bin body is welded with heat collecting ventilation pipes which are arranged longitudinally and transversely in an alternating mode, one end of each heat collecting pipe is open to the outside, and the other end of each heat collecting pipe is connected with a draught fan pipeline. Under the suction force of the draught fan, external normal-temperature air flow flows through the tube. The heat collecting pipes are welded with radiating fins, so that heat energy absorbed by the heat collecting pipes is conducted to the wet grain, the temperature of the wet grain is increased, and the evaporation of water is accelerated.

Under the action of the suction force of the induced draft fan, external natural warm air is sucked from the open end of the heat collecting pipe, flows through the heat collecting pipe and is discharged by the induced draft fan. Because of the relative negative pressure in the bin, the moisture of the moist grain is evaporated to reduce the temperature in the bin, and the temperature difference between the moisture and the outside air temperature is dozens of degrees, so that the heat can be conducted to the heat collecting pipes by the air flowing through the heat collecting pipes, the temperature in the bin is raised through the radiating fins, and the purpose of utilizing the heat energy is achieved.

Under the action of the vacuum pump, gas in the bin is continuously pumped out, and after the relative negative pressure reaches a certain value, moisture evaporation of the wet grain and gas pumping and exhausting of the vacuum pump are continuously kept in multipoint balance until the moisture content of the wet grain reaches a preset value.

The grain injection valve can be automatically controlled in opening and closing parameters, and the small-sized system can be manually operated. The fixed valve surface is provided with a sealing rubber ring, and the valve top is provided with a grain accumulation preventing cone, so that grain injection is not accumulated, and the valve surface is sealed and sealed.

When the stored grain in the bin is led out, the grain unloading screw machine is started, and the grain unloading valve is opened. And if the grain flows out smoothly, opening the grain unloading vibrator to assist in unloading the grain.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the detailed description of the present application or the prior art description will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a tank unit;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a grain injection unit;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a grain unloading unit;

in the figure: 1 cabin body, 2 heat conducting fins, 3 heat collecting pipes, 3-1 longitudinal heat collecting pipes, 3-2 transverse heat collecting pipes, 4 heat exchange exhaust pipes, 5 evacuation separation nets, 6 evacuation pipes, 7 grain injection valve heads, 8 grain accumulation prevention cones, 9 grain injection valve lifting mechanisms, 10 grain injection hoppers, 11 spiral grain injection mechanisms, 12 grain injection valve guide rails, 13 evacuation weather covers, 14 conical cabin bodies, 15 rotary valve guide rails, 16 positioning rotary valves, 17 grain unloading vibrators, 18 discharge valve guide rails, 19 discharge valve heads, 20 discharge valve lifting mechanisms, 21 heat exchange fans, 22 discharge hoppers, 23 spiral discharge mechanisms, 24 sealing valve faces and 25 vacuum pumps.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the products of the application usually place when in use, and are used only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements being referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhang" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present application, it is further noted that, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood in a specific case by those of ordinary skill in the art.

One end of a spiral pipe of the spiral grain injection machine is provided with a spiral power motor, and the spiral pipe is connected with a grain injection hopper. The upper end is connected to the grain injecting valve chamber, the discharge port is arranged at the upper part of the grain accumulation preventing cone, and the moisture grains conveyed by the screw are scattered on the grain accumulation preventing cone and freely slide into the bin body through the grain injecting valve port.

The upper part of the grain injection valve chamber is in an open state and is connected with an umbrella-shaped cover, and the grain injection valve chamber is emptied when grain injection is carried out, and simultaneously can prevent rainwater and natural sundries from falling into the grain injection valve chamber. The grain injecting valve chamber is of a cylindrical structure, and the lower end of the grain injecting valve chamber is provided with a flange connected with the upper end of the bin body. The inner support of the grain injection valve is welded with the wall of the grain injection valve, a rack and gear mechanism is installed on the support, one end of a gear shaft extends out of the grain injection valve, an operation hand wheel is installed, and the hand wheel is rotated to enable a rack to move up and down under a knob of the gear to drive the grain injection valve to open and close. The grain injection valve body is connected with a fixed guide rod, and the bracket is connected with a guide rail, so that the grain injection valve moves up and down along the guide rail to complete the opening-closing function of the grain injection valve.

The upper part of the bin body is provided with an air release valve, when the water content of the stored grain reaches an index, the air release valve is opened, so that the negative pressure in the bin body is communicated with the external normal pressure through the air release valve, the negative pressure in the balance bin reaches the normal pressure, and the grain unloading and flat pressure conditions in the bin are finished.

The grain injection limiting mechanism is installed on the upper side part of the bin body, and when grain injection in the bin reaches the upper limit, a high-level signal is sent out, so that the grain injection screw stops injecting grain.

The bin body is formed by welding steel plates, and the lower part of the bin body is of a conical structure. The cone is provided with a vibration auxiliary grain unloading vibrator. The storehouse is internally welded with heat conducting pipes which are arranged vertically and horizontally, and the outer walls of the heat conducting pipes are welded with heat conducting plates. The normal atmospheric temperature gas is led into in the heat-conducting pipe, and under the suction effect of draught fan, outside normal atmospheric temperature gas flows through in the heat-conducting pipe, because of the internal negative pressure low temperature in storehouse, outside normal atmospheric temperature gas is higher than the interior temperature dozens of degrees in the storehouse, and under the difference in temperature effect, outside temperature heat conducts for the heat-conducting plate through the heat pipe, heats for the evaporation rate of moist grain moisture in continuously leading into the storehouse body with the heat.

The storehouse body is indulged in the inlet tube connection of draught fan, and each one end of horizontal heat pipe is from indulging, and normal atmospheric temperature gas is inhaled to another open end of horizontal heat pipe, collects the inlet tube of draught fan behind the heat pipe of flowing through, is discharged from the exit end by the draught fan, accomplishes thermal absorption and conduction.

The lower part of the conical bin body is welded with a grain unloading valve bracket, and the upper end of the bracket is provided with a fixed angle rotary valve fixed valve plate and a movable valve plate. The fixed valve plate is fixedly connected with the bracket, the movable valve plate is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft of the valve plate, and when the grain unloading valve is opened and closed, the grain unloading valve pushes the rotating shaft to twist a certain angle along the guide rail of the rotary valve, so that the movable valve plate is twisted at an angle to achieve the function of opening and closing the grain unloading opening.

The lifting mechanism of the grain unloading valve is provided with a rack and a gear which are meshed, and a gear shaft is rotated to enable the rack to move up and down, so that the grain unloading valve can complete the opening-closing function along a guide rail of the grain unloading valve.

The grain unloading valve mechanism is arranged in the grain unloading valve chamber, the operating mechanism is arranged on the bracket, and the bracket is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the grain unloading valve chamber.

The lower part of the grain unloading valve chamber is provided with an unloading hopper, and the unloading hopper is connected with an unloading screw machine through a flange and used for guiding the dried stored grains out of the bin body.

The negative pressure system is composed of a vacuum pump, a vacuum pump pipeline is connected to the upper portion of the bin body through a flange, and a front valve is connected to the pipeline in front of an inlet of the vacuum pump and used for maintaining pressure, so that the requirement of long-term storage of stored grains is met. The operation of the vacuum pump continuously reduces the pressure in the bin body, accelerates the evaporation of the water content of the stored grain, continuously pumps the water vapor evaporated into the bin body by the vacuum pump and discharges the water vapor out of the bin body until the water content index of the stored grain is reached, closes the backing valve and maintains the pressure, and closes the vacuum pump. The stored grain can be stored in the bin body for a long time.

System composition and drying process;

firstly, operating the grain unloading valve to lift, wherein in the initial stage of lifting of the grain unloading valve, the rotary valve is twisted by the grain unloading valve along the rail due to the lifting of the grain unloading valve, the rotary valve and the fixed plate are closed at a certain twisting angle, the grain unloading channel is closed, the grain unloading valve continuously lifts for a certain distance along the guide rail of the grain unloading valve to close the grain unloading valve, and the grain unloading valve is sealed under the pressure of a sealing ring.

The fixed-angle rotary valve has the functions that; the grain unloading valve is characterized in that the grain unloading channel is closed in advance or opened in a delayed mode, the torsion fixed-angle rotary valve is driven to close the grain channel at first within the initial distance when the grain unloading valve begins to rise, the grain unloading valve does not reach the closed height position, grain on the upper portion of the valve body is scattered out of the grain unloading valve along with the continuous rising of the grain unloading valve, the valve face of the grain unloading valve cannot clamp grain or other foreign matters when the grain unloading valve is closed, and the grain unloading valve is closed and sealed.

And 2. systematically injecting grains, wherein the grain injecting mechanism conveys wet grains to the upper part of the drying bin by a screw conveyor or a belt type feeding machine, the wet grains are scattered into the top of the grain injecting valve, the wet grains slide into the bin body along the cone of the grain injecting valve to be naturally accumulated, the grain injecting is stopped when the grain injecting valve reaches an upper limit, and the grain injecting valve is closed.

And 3, starting the heat exchange fan, leading normal-temperature air to enter and flow through the heat collecting pipes in the bin from the transverse direction and the longitudinal air opening under the suction of the heat exchange fan, transmitting the normal-temperature heat to the heat collecting pipes, and absorbing the normal-temperature heat by the heat conducting fins to increase the temperature in the bin. And the heat exchange fan continuously operates to continuously transfer the outside air temperature into the bin.

4, starting a vacuum pump to pump out air in the bin. Along with the reduction of the air pressure in the bin, the vapor pressure of the air gap between the grains and the free space in the bin is gradually increased, the water content of the water vapor in the space and the air gap is gradually increased, and the water content of the grains is accelerated to evaporate. When the pressure in the storehouse is reduced to 10000Pa, the boiling temperature of moisture in the moist grain in the storehouse is 45.8 ℃. If the temperature of the air flowing through the heat collecting pipe is 30 ℃, the moisture evaporation capacity of the damp grain at the drying temperature of more than 80 ℃ is achieved when the damp grain is nearly normal pressure. When the pressure in the bin is reduced to 7000Pa, the boiling temperature of the moisture in the grains is about 39 ℃. When the air pressure in the bin is reduced to 5000Pa, the boiling temperature of moisture in the moisture of the grains is 32.8 ℃. If the temperature of the wind flowing through the heat collecting pipe is 30 ℃, the moisture of the grains is quickly evaporated at the temperature close to the boiling point.

5, when the dried grain in the bin reaches a preset moisture value, closing the vacuum air pump, opening the air release valve, and slowly introducing air into the bin to the normal pressure.

6, grain unloading; the grain injection valve is opened to facilitate the air pressure balance in the warehouse. And opening the spiral grain unloading machine, opening a grain unloading valve, and guiding the dried grains in the bin out of the bin for additional storage or transportation.

And 7. after the grains in the bin are dried, the front-stage valve of the vacuum pump can be closed, and then the vacuum pump is stopped. The negative pressure state is maintained in the storehouse, so that the grains can be stored in the storehouse for a long time, and the storage condition of the negative pressure state is superior to that of a natural grain storehouse.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a store up grain normal atmospheric temperature sub-boiling point drying system which characterized in that: comprises a tank body unit, a grain injection unit and a grain unloading unit; the tank unit comprises a tank body, a heat collecting pipe, a heat exchange air pipe, an emptying pipe, a heat conducting fin, a conical tank body, a rotary valve guide rail, a positioning rotary valve and a grain unloading vibrator; the grain injection unit comprises a grain injection hopper, a spiral grain injection mechanism, a grain accumulation prevention cone, a grain injection valve lifting mechanism, a grain injection valve head and a grain injection valve guide rail; unload the grain unit and include the discharge hopper, spiral discharge mechanism, the discharge valve guide rail, the discharge valve head, discharge valve elevating system, the sealing valve face, wherein the thermal-collecting tube distributes at the internal in storehouse, conducting strip interval distribution is on the thermal-collecting tube, the external heat transfer tuber pipe that leads to with the storehouse of being used to of storehouse is provided with, heat transfer fan is connected to the heat transfer tuber pipe, storehouse body top is provided with annotates the grain valve head, it prevents the long-pending grain cone to be provided with on the notes grain valve head, it is provided with in the long-pending grain cone and annotates grain valve elevating system and annotate the grain valve guide rail to prevent, the export setting of installing the spiral of annotating the grain mechanism of annotating the grain hopper is on preventing long-pending grain cone upper portion, storehouse body lower extreme is provided with the toper storehouse body, the rotary valve guide rail is installed to toper storehouse body lower extreme.

2. The stored grain normal-temperature sub-boiling point drying system according to claim 1, wherein the heat collecting tubes comprise longitudinal heat collecting tubes and transverse heat collecting tubes.

3. The stored grain normal-temperature sub-boiling point drying system according to claim 1, wherein the bin body is provided with an evacuation separation net, and the evacuation separation net is connected to a vacuum pump through an evacuation pipe.

4. The stored grain normal-temperature sub-boiling point drying system according to claim 1, wherein an emptying wind and rain cover is arranged at the top of the grain accumulation preventing cone.

5. The stored grain normal-temperature sub-boiling point drying system according to claim 1, wherein a sealing valve surface is arranged on the bin body.

6. The stored grain normal-temperature sub-boiling point drying system according to claim 1, wherein the discharge hopper is connected with a spiral discharging mechanism.