CN210435364U

CN210435364U - Printing nozzle and device for preparing nanoparticle reinforced metal matrix composite material

Info

Publication number: CN210435364U
Application number: CN201921285026.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曹玄扬; 颜铁林; 周朝辉
Original assignee: Changsha New Material Industry Research Institute Co Ltd
Current assignee: Aerospace Science and Industry Changsha New Materials Research Institute Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-08-09
Filing date: 2019-08-09
Publication date: 2020-05-01
Anticipated expiration: 2029-08-09

Abstract

The utility model relates to a print the shower nozzle, and an use this shower nozzle to be used for preparing nano-particle reinforcing metal matrix composite's device thereof. The utility model discloses the device is to the difficult processing of metal base granule reinforcing combined material, and ordinary 3D printing technique preparation has the not good problem of dispersibility, utilizes on the basis of 3D printing technique, has realized "kind income" nano particle in metal material melting in-process in step to with nano particle homodisperse in every appearance pond, form nano particle reinforcing combined material's part after the solidification, both solved the poor problem of nano particle dispersibility, solved the machine-shaping problem of material again.

Description

Printing nozzle and device for preparing nanoparticle reinforced metal matrix composite material

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a print the shower nozzle, and an use this shower nozzle to be used for preparing nano-particle reinforcing metal matrix composite's device thereof.

Background

The nano-particle reinforced composite material is a material with a reinforcing body which is nano-scale particles and is distributed in a matrix in a certain shape. The nano material has unique size effect, local field effect, quantum effect and surface effect, and shows mechanical, thermal, electromagnetic and optical performance different from that of common macro composite material. For example, the ceramic particle additive aluminum-based material has the advantages of high specific strength, high specific stiffness, excellent friction performance, density equivalent to that of aluminum, adjustable thermal expansion coefficient and the like, and becomes one of the hot spots of the research of experts and scholars at home and abroad at present.

The common preparation process of the metal-based nanoparticle reinforced composite material comprises the following steps: (1) vacuum infiltration technology; (2) stirring and casting; (3) an extrusion casting method; (4) powder metallurgy method; (5) a spray deposition method; (6) in-situ synthesis and the like. These preparation processes also present some difficult process problems: (1) generally, the finer the particles, the more excellent the composite properties, but the smaller the size of the nanoparticles, the more difficult the dispersion and the easier the enrichment. The traditional preparation process has the problem of uneven reinforcement dispersion. (2) Certain particle-reinforced metal matrix composites have relatively high strength and hardness, and ceramic particles such as SiC are not electrically conductive and are difficult to machine into complex-shaped workpieces.

The 3D printing technology is a novel digital processing technology, powder or wire materials are melted by high-energy heat sources such as laser and electric arc, and layer-by-layer printing is carried out according to three-dimensional discrete data of parts, so that the parts are finally obtained. At present, the traditional 3D printing equipment is tightly used for printing and forming an alloy powder material or printing and forming prefabricated mixed powder, so that the nano-particle composite material cannot be stably prepared, and the forming quality is poor.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Not enough to prior art, the utility model aims at providing a can print the device that adds the nanometer particle at 3D melting metal powder in-process, both solved the poor problem of nanometer particle dispersibility, solved the machine-shaping problem of material again.

In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the utility model as follows:

the utility model provides a print shower nozzle, print the shower nozzle and include the body, be used for protecting inert gas's first pipeline, be used for carrying the second pipeline of metal base alloy powder and be used for carrying the third pipeline of nano particle, the body includes the laser access, establishes the casing on the laser access and the play mouth of casing lower extreme, first pipeline, second pipeline and casing intercommunication, the central axis of third pipeline, laser access central axis and body assemble in the facula, be equipped with the nanoparticle field accelerator on the third pipeline, the facula is located and goes out the mouth and print the work piece in the middle of.

Preferably, the nanoparticle field accelerator is located in the middle of the nanoparticle pipeline.

Preferably, the first pipeline is located at an upper portion of the second pipeline.

Preferably, the acceleration field of the nanoparticle accelerator is selected from any one of a magnetic field, an electric field and a wind field. The particles can be accelerated to have sufficient velocity to impact into the interior of the molten droplet and then act as nucleating agents or nano-reinforcing particles during solidification and cooling of the molten droplet, depending on the nature of the nanoparticles.

Preferably, the light spot is located 1-2mm above the printing workpiece.

Preferably, the number of the three pipelines is 2-8, and the three pipelines are circumferentially distributed along the central axis of the body.

The device for preparing the nanoparticle reinforced metal matrix composite material, which comprises the printing nozzle, is characterized by comprising a laser, a transmission system and the printing nozzle, wherein the printing nozzle is arranged on the transmission system.

Preferably, the laser is a fiber laser selected from a solid laser and a semiconductor laser.

Preferably, the transmission system is a connecting shaft mechanical arm, and the connecting shaft mechanical arm is selected from a three-shaft mechanical arm and a five-shaft mechanical arm.

The grain diameter of the metal powder used by the equipment is in the range of 45-200 μm, which is determined by different metal powder materials.

The nanoparticles may be particles of carbides, nitrides, graphite, metals, and the like.

The utility model is further explained as follows: the problems existing in the prior art are as follows: (1) because the nano particles have poor dispersibility, enrichment is easily generated in a matrix, and the performance of the final material is influenced. The utility model discloses the device can make the nano-particle homodisperse in matrix material. (2) Certain particle-reinforced metal matrix composites have relatively high strength and hardness, and ceramic particles such as SiC are not electrically conductive and are difficult to machine into complex-shaped workpieces. The utility model discloses the device relies on with the basis of 3D printing forming technology, can directly add the base member molten bath with the nano particle in the part machining process to the poor problem of processability has been solved. (3) The 3D printing technique can be seen as a casting process of numerous microscopic regions, each of which is distributed with a volume fraction of particles, thus the technique has the advantages of uniformity of powder metallurgy and continuous structure and elongation of casting.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

the utility model discloses the device is to the difficult processing of metal base granule reinforcing combined material, and ordinary 3D printing technique preparation has the not good problem of dispersibility, utilizes on the basis of 3D printing technique, has realized "kind income" nano particle in metal material melting in-process in step to with nano particle homodisperse in every appearance pond, form nano particle reinforcing combined material's part after the solidification, both solved the poor problem of nano particle dispersibility, solved the machine-shaping problem of material again.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a head according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of an apparatus for 3D printing and preparing a nanoparticle reinforced metal matrix composite according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is the utility model discloses machine tool transmission 3D prints preparation nanoparticle reinforcing metal matrix composite device sketch map.

Wherein, 1, laser path; 2. a first pipeline; 3. a second pipeline; 4. a third pipeline; 5. a nanoparticle field accelerator; 6. printing a workpiece; 7. light spots; 8. a housing; 9. an ejection port; 10. a five-axis mechanical arm transmission system; 11. printing a spray head; 12. a rotatable workpiece; y-direction drive rails; an X-direction drive rail.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

Example 1

Fig. 1 shows a print head provided in this embodiment, and the print head includes a body and three pipelines, the body includes a laser path 1, a housing 8 disposed on the laser path, and an ejection port 9 at the lower end of the housing. The three pipelines are respectively a first pipeline 2 for protecting inert gas, a second pipeline 3 for conveying metal-based alloy powder and a third pipeline 4 for conveying nano particles, the first pipeline 2 and the second pipeline 3 are communicated with a shell 8, the central axis of the third pipeline 4 and the central axis of a laser passage 9 are converged at a light spot 7, a nano particle field accelerator 5 is arranged on the third pipeline 4, and the light spot 7 is positioned between an ejection port and a printing workpiece 6.

Wherein, the nanoparticle field accelerator 5 is positioned in the middle of the nanoparticle pipeline 4. The spot 7 is located 1.5mm above the print workpiece 6. The number of the three pipelines is 4.

In this embodiment, the nanoparticle accelerator 5 is a magnetic field, which accelerates the particles to have a sufficient speed to impact into the molten drop, and then acts as a nucleating agent or a nano-reinforcing particle during the solidification and cooling process of the molten drop.

Example 2

Fig. 2 shows the device for preparing a nanoparticle-reinforced metal matrix composite through mechanical arm transmission 3D printing provided by this embodiment, where the device for preparing a nanoparticle-reinforced metal matrix composite through mechanical arm transmission 3D printing includes a mechanical arm transmission system and a printing nozzle. The five-axis mechanical arm transmission system 10 drives the printing nozzle 11 to move according to two-dimensional discrete data of a three-dimensional model of a part, nano particles in the nozzle device are accelerated to impact a molten pool through a field accelerator and deposited on the surface of a rotatable workpiece 12, and then the nano particles are printed and formed layer by layer. The grain diameter of the aluminum alloy metal powder used by the device is 175 μm, and the grain diameter of the nano particles in the spray head device is 500 nm.

Example 3:

fig. 2 shows the device for preparing the nanoparticle-reinforced metal matrix composite by machine tool transmission 3D printing aluminum matrix, which includes a machine tool transmission system and a printing nozzle. The printing nozzle 11 is driven to move according to the two-dimensional discrete data of the three-dimensional model of the part by the Y-direction transmission guide rail 13 and the X-direction transmission guide rail 14. The Y-direction transmission guide 13 can move freely relative to the X-direction transmission guide 14, and the Y-direction transmission guide 13 is perpendicular to the X-direction transmission guide 14. The nano particles in the spray head device are accelerated to impact a molten pool through a field accelerator, are deposited on the surface of the rotatable workpiece 12, and move downwards one layer by one layer through the base station to be printed and formed. The grain diameter of the aluminum alloy metal powder used by the device is 100 mu m, and the grain diameter of the nano particles in the spray head device is 10 mu m.

The above-mentioned embodiments are illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims, and all modifications of the equivalent forms of the present invention which are obvious to those skilled in the art after reading the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a print shower nozzle, print the shower nozzle and include the body, be used for protecting inert gas's first pipeline (2), be used for carrying metal base alloy powder second pipeline (3) and be used for carrying nano particle's third pipeline (4), the body includes laser access (1), establishes casing (8) and the ejection mouth (9) of casing lower extreme on the laser access, first pipeline (2), second pipeline (3) and casing intercommunication, a serial communication port, the central axis and the laser access central axis of third pipeline assemble in facula (7), be equipped with nano particle field accelerator (5) on the third pipeline, the facula is located ejection mouth and prints in the middle of work piece (6).

2. Print head according to claim 1, characterized in that the nanoparticle field accelerator (5) is located in the middle of the third conduit (4).

3. Print head according to claim 1, characterized in that the first conduit (2) is located above the second conduit (3).

4. The print head of claim 1, wherein the acceleration field of the nanoparticle field accelerator is selected from any one of a magnetic field, an electric field, and a wind field.

5. Print head according to claim 1, characterized in that the light spot is located 1-2mm above the print workpiece (6).

6. The print head of claim 1, wherein the number of the three pipes is 2-8, and the three pipes are circumferentially distributed along the central axis of the body.

7. An apparatus for preparing a nanoparticle-reinforced metal matrix composite, comprising a laser, a drive train, the print head of any of claims 1-6, the print head being disposed on the drive train.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the laser is a fiber laser selected from the group consisting of a solid state laser and a semiconductor laser.

9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the transmission system is an articulated robot arm selected from the group consisting of a three-axis robot arm and a five-axis robot arm.