CN210400105U

CN210400105U - Unpowered phase change cooling system

Info

Publication number: CN210400105U
Application number: CN201920495880.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 叶平平; 刘双全
Original assignee: Shanghai Acc Hydraulic Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Acc Hydraulic Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-04-12
Filing date: 2019-04-12
Publication date: 2020-04-24
Anticipated expiration: 2029-04-12

Abstract

The utility model discloses an unpowered phase transition cooling system, constitute closed loop by a heat exchanger and secondary heat exchanger series connection, pack suitable fluid thermal medium in this closed loop, thermal medium is heated the evaporation and produces first phase transition in a heat exchanger, pressure risees the back and gets into secondary heat exchanger with the trend, and then with external atmosphere, the cooling water carries out the heat exchange, therefore, thermal medium becomes the liquid second phase transition that produces of condensation, thermal medium after the condensation flows back to a heat exchanger bottom under pressure differential and action of gravity, accomplish a heat transfer cycle, generally need not external power supply in this working period, but use more extensively more reliably for improving this system, this system has still backed up one set of miniwatt plus and forces the water cooling system, choose for use when in preparation extreme operating mode, the flexibility that this system used has further been improved.

Description

Unpowered phase change cooling system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an unpowered phase transition cooling system belongs to cooling system technical field, concretely relates to energy-saving cooling device.

Background

In the heavy industrial industries such as steel, nonferrous metals and the like, a circulating water cooling system for the process mostly adopts a constant-current and constant-pressure central water supply station operation mode, process and equipment cooling users are often far away from the central water supply station by hundreds of meters or even thousands of meters, and the water supply mode reduces the floor area, but causes the problems of high water supply pressure, serious surplus of water supply flow and the like, and can not avoid causing a large amount of energy consumption.

The cooling towers of the central centralized water supply cooling system have a common characteristic: the efficiency of the cooling tower is seriously influenced by seasonal weather, environmental temperature and other condition changes; the heat exchange effect in summer is poor, the effect in winter is best, and the cooling effect can be different by several times in the two seasons. Therefore, the same production process heating value needs to be cooled, the temperature difference of the circulating water inlet and outlet pipes is small in summer, the required flow is large, and the temperature difference is large in winter, so the required flow is minimum. However, the system design condition is to meet the working requirement according to the maximum flow and the maximum pressure of the maximum heating value of all the loads in hot summer, so that the water supply flow and the water supply pressure are both seriously excessive in more than 90% of the time.

For most of the running industrial circulating water cooling systems, the energy waste rate of the system is up to more than 60 percent due to the two reasons, and the energy waste rate of some systems is even up to more than 80 percent.

To solve the above problems, although an energy-saving operation control system named as "a circulating water temperature control energy-saving operation system" with the patent number CN201310115024 is provided, the utility model provides a system and an operation mode are too complex, the reliability is low, the equipment cost is too high, the actual energy-saving effect is limited, and the like, and is only suitable for the energy-saving modification of small and medium-sized cooling systems.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model overcomes prior art exists not enough, provides an unpowered phase transition cooling system, need not power or only need a small amount of power just can normal heat transfer, and this heat transfer system has strong adaptability, uses in a flexible way, is fit for the monomer equipment dispersion cooling application, can extensively popularize and apply, and its energy-conserving effect can reach the maximize.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a technical scheme be: an unpowered phase change cooling system comprises an evaporator and a condenser, wherein the evaporator comprises an evaporator liquid collecting box, an evaporation pipe and an evaporator shell, the liquid accumulation box is directly communicated with the bottom of the evaporation tube, the evaporation tube is a rectangular array formed by a plurality of copper tubes or high-pressure stainless steel tubes with the inner diameter of phi 3mm to phi 8mm, the outlets of the evaporation tubes are collected together and connected with the inlet of the condenser through a pipeline, the evaporator shell is an external protection shell covering the matrix type evaporation tube and is composed of a steel structure supported by certain strength, the evaporator shell is provided with a liquid inlet pipeline and a liquid outlet pipeline of process medium cooling liquid, the liquid inlet pipeline is positioned above the liquid outlet pipeline, so that a process medium needing cooling enters the evaporator through the liquid inlet pipeline to perform heat exchange with the matrix type evaporation tube, and the cooled process medium participates in equipment or process circulation again through the liquid outlet pipeline;

the condenser is a rectangular array tubular heat exchanger formed by a plurality of copper tubes or high-pressure stainless steel tubes with the inner diameter of phi 3-phi 8mm, the outer walls of radiating tubes of the rectangular array tubular heat exchanger are directly opened to face the outside atmosphere, the outlets of all the radiating tubes are finally gathered together to form a cooling liquid return pipeline, and the outlet of the cooling liquid return pipeline is connected with the inlet of an evaporator liquid accumulating box.

The cooling liquid return pipeline is provided with a feeding device, the feeding device comprises a feeding switch valve, a one-way valve and a feeding hopper, the feeding valve is in a closed state under normal conditions, and the device is opened only when the hot working medium is maintained or needs to be added.

The utility model discloses a condenser, including condenser, rectangular array tubular heat exchanger, atomizing spray pipe group, outlet conduit, power pump package system, the rectangular array tubular heat exchanger below of condenser is provided with hot water catch tray, the hot water catch tray passes through backflow pipeline and connects in the ground well cistern, the atomizing spray pipe group passes through outlet conduit and connects in the ground well cistern, the last power pump package system that is provided with of outlet conduit, the rectangular array tubular heat exchanger below of condenser is provided with hot water catch tray, hot water.

The pipeline is provided with a safety valve, and the maximum rated working pressure of the safety valve is 1.5kg/cm²。

Compared with the prior art, the utility model beneficial effect who has is: the utility model discloses utilize the phase transition to send out heat and carry out the heat exchange, greatly promote thermal technology's medium unit heat exchange power, can greatly practice thrift equipment volume and engineering cost like this, be quantity and unit energy consumption that the at utmost reduces water, this is the utility model discloses a core spirit and the main points of realizing this technique.

Drawings

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

In the figure: the system comprises an evaporator liquid accumulation box 1, an evaporation pipe 2, an evaporator shell 3, a pipeline 4, a condenser 5, a cooling liquid return pipeline 6, a feeding device 7, a liquid inlet pipeline 8, a liquid outlet pipeline 9, a safety valve 10, a ground well reservoir 11, a power pump set system 12, a water outlet pipeline 13, an atomization spray pipe group 14, a hot water collecting tray 15 and a return pipeline 16.

Detailed Description

The utility model is suitable for the cooling application of the process medium with larger heating power, and mainly comprises a primary heat exchanger, a secondary heat exchanger and an auxiliary cooling system; the primary heat exchanger and the secondary heat exchanger are connected into a whole by a high-pressure pipeline, a proper amount of heat exchange working medium is filled in the primary heat exchanger, and the inner diameter of the connecting pipeline is far smaller than the equivalent total inner diameter of a radiating pipe of the condenser; functionally, the primary heat exchanger functions as an evaporator and the secondary heat exchanger functions as a condenser. For simplicity, the primary heat exchanger is hereinafter referred to collectively as an evaporator and the secondary heat exchanger is referred to collectively as a condenser. The evaporator and the cooled process medium exchange heat, so that the heat transfer working medium in the evaporator is heated and evaporated, expands in volume and increases in pressure, and then enters the condenser through the connecting pipeline. The condenser exchanges heat with the outside atmosphere, the exchange is mainly carried out by the radiation of the strong outer surface of the condenser, and the secondary cooling can be carried out by fully utilizing natural wind, rain, low-temperature well water and the like. After the working medium in the evaporator is heated and enters the condenser, the pressure of the working medium is obviously reduced due to the sudden increase of the area and the volume of the pipeline, the flow rate of the working medium is slowed down, the heat dissipation and cooling are carried out through the outer surface of the condenser, the pressure is gradually reduced, and the working medium after condensation flows back to the bottom of the evaporator through a certain pressure difference and self gravity to participate in recirculation.

The utility model discloses be suitable for and require at 40 ℃ -70 ℃ process systems by cooling process medium temperature, heat transfer system's key is that need select suitable working medium among the closed heat exchanger, this working medium liquid boiling point is suitable for between 20 ℃ -40 ℃, this working medium can be single liquid, also can choose the mixed liquid more than 2 for use, require this working medium liquid homoenergetic to take place phase transition endotherm or exothermic reaction in evaporimeter and condenser, make the calorific value power of unit working medium exchange big enough, in order to reduce equipment system volume and cost.

The utility model makes full use of the rapid increase of the boiling pressure of the working medium when being heated, and the pressure is obviously reduced after cooling to form enough pressure difference, thereby leading the working medium to flow back to the bottom of the evaporator to participate in the recirculation again, and no external power is needed under general conditions; and the higher the temperature of the cooled medium is, the more violent the working medium in the evaporator is heated and evaporated, the higher the driving pressure is, and the higher the power for heat exchange is, so that the self-adaptive performance is high, the system is simple and reliable, the maintenance is convenient, and the energy-saving efficiency of the system can be maximized.

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.

The utility model relates to a novel heat exchanger mainly comprises the triplex: an evaporator, a condenser and an auxiliary heat dissipation system.

As shown in figure 1, the evaporator consists of an evaporator liquid accumulating box 1, an evaporation pipe 2, an evaporator shell 3, a liquid inlet pipeline 8 and a liquid outlet pipeline 9 of an evaporator process medium cooling liquid. The liquid accumulating box 1 is directly communicated with the bottom of the evaporation tube 2, the evaporation tube 2 is a rectangular array formed by a plurality of copper tubes or high-pressure stainless steel tubes with the inner diameter of phi 3 mm-phi 8mm, the outlets of the evaporation tubes 2 are converged together and connected with the inlet of the condenser through a pipeline 4, the evaporator shell 3 is an external protective shell covering the matrix evaporation tubes and is composed of a steel structure supported by certain strength, a liquid inlet pipeline 8 and a liquid outlet pipeline 9 for process medium to be cooled are arranged on the evaporator shell 3, the process medium to be cooled enters the condenser through the liquid inlet pipeline 8 to perform heat exchange with the matrix evaporation tubes, and the cooled process medium participates in equipment or process circulation again through the liquid outlet pipeline 9.

The outlet of the evaporator is connected with the inlet of a condenser 5 through a pipeline 4, the condenser and the evaporator are similar in structure and are rectangular array tubular heat exchangers formed by a plurality of copper tubes or high-pressure stainless steel tubes with the inner diameter of phi 3 mm-phi 8mm, the outer walls of the rectangular array radiating tubes are directly opened to face the outside atmosphere, the outlets of all the pipelines are finally gathered together to form a cooling liquid return pipeline 6, and the outlet of the cooling liquid return pipeline is connected with the inlet of an evaporator liquid storage tank 1. When the thermal medium is heated in the evaporator and evaporated into the condenser, the space and area of the equipment are increased suddenly, so that the pressure of the thermal medium is reduced sharply, the pressure of the thermal medium is reduced and decelerated, the thermal medium is favorably and fully diffused, the heat is transferred to the outside of the pipe wall through the pipe wall, and finally the heat is dissipated into the atmosphere. The condenser equipment is characterized in that enough strength structural members are required to be used for supporting, therefore, a high-strength steel pipe is arranged in the pipeline array to serve as a supporting framework, and enough space convenient for air to be smooth is reserved between the horizontal rows and the vertical rows of the pipeline array, so that the space between the horizontal rows and the vertical rows of the pipeline array is usually kept to be 1.5-3.0 times of the outer diameter of the pipeline of the condensation array, and convection air coming from any direction can conveniently pass through the space.

Therefore, the condenser has the function that the internal thermal medium exchanges heat with the atmosphere through the pipe wall, and the thermal medium forms liquid after being cooled and flows back to the evaporator to enter the next cycle working period. Therefore, any factor affecting the heat exchange of the condenser will affect the heat exchange effect. The equipment is influenced by the factors of the equipment, such as design and manufacturing conditions, and also seriously influenced by natural temperature, wind speed and rainy days, so that the heat exchange requirement under the worst weather condition needs to be considered during the design. In order to ensure the most reliable operation of the heat exchange system, an auxiliary forced cooling system is arranged outside, and the system can be forcibly started under any condition, so that the cooling effect is enhanced. The system consists of a ground well reservoir 11, a power pump set system 12, a water outlet pipeline 13, an atomization spray pipe group 14, a hot water collecting tray 15 and a return pipeline 16. The pump unit 12 mainly comprises a pump inlet filter, a liquid inlet valve, a motor-pump, an outlet one-way valve and a pressure gauge to form a power system, the design requirement is that the pressure of the pump outlet is 2.0-5.0 MPa, and the diameter of the water outlet atomization of the nozzle is 0.01-0.1 mm. Most of the water after heat exchange is atomized and absorbed and then is diffused into circulating air, but a small part of the water still falls into a collecting tray due to gravity and finally flows back to a deep well water storage tank.

In order to improve the safety and reliability of the system, a safety valve 10 is additionally arranged on an outlet pipeline 4 of the evaporator, when the pressure in the pipeline is greater than the highest rated working pressure of 1.5kg/cm2, the safety valve 10 is automatically opened to release the pressure, and when the pressure is lower than the highest rated pressure of 0.5-1.0 kg/cm2 of the system, the safety valve is automatically closed. In order to add working media into the pipeline conveniently, a feeding device 7 is added on an inlet pipeline of the evaporator and specifically comprises a feeding switch valve, a one-way valve and a feeding funnel; normally, the charging valve is closed and the device is opened only when maintenance or the addition of hot working medium is required.

In the heat exchange system, in the heat exchange process, a thermal medium is heated (boiled) and evaporated in an evaporator, the thermal medium absorbs a large amount of heat energy and then is converted from a liquid state to a vapor state to generate a first phase change; however, when the hot working medium enters the condenser, the hot working medium exchanges heat with the outside, the temperature is reduced and condensed into a liquid state after a large amount of heat is released, and a second phase change occurs. The heat exchange system releases a large amount of heat after the second phase change, and atomized water is absorbed and converted into low-pressure water vapor on the outer wall of the condenser, and the low-pressure water vapor is diffused into the atmosphere along with wind, so that the third phase change occurs. The first two phase-change reactions are carried out by the same working medium in the heat exchanger and the condenser, the third phase-change reaction is carried out outside the wall of the condenser pipe, and the working medium is cooling water; the first two phase changes should necessarily occur, while the latter should only occur on rainy days or when forced cooling is initiated.

Utilize phase transition to send out heat and carry out the heat exchange, greatly promote thermotechnical medium unit heat exchange power, can greatly practice thrift equipment volume and engineering cost like this, be the quantity and the unit energy consumption that the at utmost reduces water, this is the utility model discloses a core spirit with realize the main points of this technique.

In order to successfully enable the first two phase change reactions of the thermal medium, strict technical requirements must be made on the selection of the thermal medium:

1. the thermal medium must be non-toxic or low-toxic and environment-friendly;

2. the thermal medium has large specific heat melting and large phase change reaction heat;

3. the boiling point temperature of the thermal medium under the standard atmospheric pressure is preferably 20-45 ℃;

4. the condensation temperature of the hot working medium is preferably 20-35 ℃;

5. the thermotechnical medium is friendly to equipment and pipelines, and the working medium with low corrosivity is selected as much as possible;

6. the thermotechnical medium can be pure single medium, or 2 or more than 2 mixed working media, such as water: liquid ammonia = 50: 50 of the mixed medium is used as a cooling hot working medium.

It must be noted that the addition of an auxiliary cooling system is only necessary to improve the reliability of the system and to cope with the steady operation of the heat exchanger in a very few bad weather conditions, so that the system does not need to be started up for a large part of the year. Except for a small part of the area in south China. In south China, the annual average temperature is about 20 ℃, so that the cooling system can be used without power in the south in time and most of the time, the effect is better when the cooling system is applied to the north of the Yangtze river in China, and an additional power atomization cooling device is not needed basically. Thereby achieving the best energy-saving effect.

In a certain steel mill, twenty-roller cold rolling stainless steel sheets are used, a roller and strip steel cooling system uses rolling oil for cooling, the temperature of process oil used after rolling reaches 40-70 ℃, the process oil used in the prior design is cooled by concentrated clean circulating water, the design flow rate of the clean circulating water for each rolling is 80M3/H, the design pressure is 5.0kg/cm2, the actual consumed electric energy of each rolling mill is 12 kW.h/H through measurement and calculation, and the consumed electric energy is about 10.2 ten thousand degrees per year. Use through transforming the utility model discloses unpowered cooling system back, the cooling back oil temperature reaches below 33 ℃, reaches the designing requirement, and power consumption only 0.75 ten thousand degrees/year, and the energy-saving rate reaches 93%, and energy-conserving respond well, because of nearly unpowered, equipment system.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The unpowered phase-change cooling system is characterized by comprising an evaporator and a condenser (5), wherein the evaporator comprises an evaporator liquid accumulation box (1), an evaporation pipe (2) and an evaporator shell (3), the liquid accumulation box (1) is directly communicated with the bottom of the evaporation pipe (2), the evaporation pipe (2) is a rectangular array formed by a plurality of copper tubes or high-pressure stainless steel tubes with the inner diameters of phi 3mm to phi 8mm, outlets of the evaporation pipe (2) are collected together and connected to an inlet of the condenser (5) through a pipeline (4), the evaporator shell (3) is an external protection shell coated on the matrix type evaporation pipe (2) and is composed of a steel structure supported by certain strength, a liquid inlet pipeline (8) and a liquid outlet pipeline (9) of process medium cooled liquid are arranged on the evaporator shell (3), and the liquid inlet pipeline (8) is positioned above the liquid outlet pipeline (9), the process medium to be cooled enters the evaporator through the liquid inlet pipeline (8) to exchange heat with the matrix type evaporation tube (2), and the cooled process medium participates in equipment or process circulation again through the liquid outlet pipeline (9);

the condenser (5) is a rectangular array tubular heat exchanger formed by a plurality of copper tubes or high-pressure stainless steel tubes with the inner diameter of phi 3 mm-phi 8mm, the outer walls of the radiating tubes of the rectangular array tubular heat exchanger are directly opened to face the outside atmosphere, the outlets of all the radiating tubes are finally gathered together to form a cooling liquid return pipeline (6), and the outlet of the cooling liquid return pipeline (6) is connected with the inlet of the evaporator liquid accumulation box (1).

2. The unpowered phase change cooling system according to claim 1, wherein a feeding device (7) is arranged on the cooling liquid return pipeline (6), the feeding device (7) comprises a feeding switch valve, a one-way valve and a feeding hopper, and under normal conditions, the feeding valve is in a closed state, and the device is opened only when maintenance or hot working medium needs to be added.

3. The unpowered phase-change cooling system according to claim 1, wherein an atomization spray pipe group (14) is arranged above the rectangular array tubular heat exchanger of the condenser, the atomization spray pipe group (14) is connected in a ground well water storage tank (11) through a water outlet pipeline (13), a power pump group system (12) is arranged on the water outlet pipeline (13), a hot water collecting tray (15) is arranged below the rectangular array tubular heat exchanger of the condenser, and the hot water collecting tray (15) is connected in the ground well water storage tank (11) through a return pipeline (16).

4. The unpowered phase change cooling system according to claim 1, wherein the pipeline (4) is provided with a safety valve (10), and the maximum rated working pressure of the safety valve (10) is 1.5kg/cm²。