CN210373672U - Variable-output, multi-fuel, low-emission, high-efficiency modular thermodynamic system - Google Patents
Variable-output, multi-fuel, low-emission, high-efficiency modular thermodynamic system Download PDFInfo
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- CN210373672U CN210373672U CN201821509832.6U CN201821509832U CN210373672U CN 210373672 U CN210373672 U CN 210373672U CN 201821509832 U CN201821509832 U CN 201821509832U CN 210373672 U CN210373672 U CN 210373672U
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a design construction of modular thermodynamic system with variable output, multiple fuels, low emission and high efficiency. The flue gas generated by a plurality of combustion modules (4, 5, 7) using other fuels such as coal, straw bundles, household garbage and the like enters the heat exchanger module (1) after clean and full combustion is continuously realized through the convergent cyclone afterburners (8, 9). The hot air flow control device (18) is used for controlling the combustion modules (4, 5 and 7) to be conveniently opened and closed under the condition of not influencing the emission index so as to adjust the heat output, thereby more accurately meeting the heat energy requirement change of a thermodynamic system. Meanwhile, the heat exchanger module (1) which is independent and all heat exchange areas are always applied can save fuel and improve economic benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a construction of modular thermodynamic system with variable output, multiple fuels, low emission and high efficiency.
Background
In countries or regions with cooler climates, building heating generally accounts for the highest proportion of its total energy consumption, and it is therefore highly desirable and important to improve building heating. Because the temperature in the building is related to the external temperature, the heat energy required by the building itself is also very different. Boilers for heating buildings are generally designed to meet specific temperature conditions, and heat energy is supplied by those boilers designed according to specific requirements, and the combustion systems of those boilers can ensure a clean combustion process of fuel only when the minimum design load is reached.
For high-quality fuels such as natural gas, clean emissions can be guaranteed even if the combustion power is only 20% of the design power, which for high-quality coal can be 60%, which is a higher value for straw and lignite. In theory, the boilers can meet the requirement of heat output change and realize clean emission through the number of start-stop operations, but in reality, because the start-stop of the boilers usually lags behind the change of heat energy requirement and takes longer time, the actual result is that the emission is not up to standard and the waste of fuel is caused.
CN 206207455U (2017.05.31) mentioned a pulverized coal combustion device, which is composed of several stacked conical combustion units, each unit can be adapted to different power variation requirements by independent shutdown. The device can only realize the above target by taking fine powder high-quality fire coal as fuel, and the system can not effectively solve the problems of garbage, straw bundles or wood which can not be crushed and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at using a thermodynamic system to mix and burn various fuels including straws and garbage, meeting different combustion states from 8 percent of design power to 100 percent of design power and realizing clean emission and higher thermal efficiency.
The utility model discloses a combustion system and the heat transfer system integral structure of traditional boiler are sent out and are counted respectively independent burning and heat transfer system. Separate convergent cyclone afterburners are arranged between the combustion systems and a heat exchange system without combustion function, and the convergent cyclone afterburners are manufactured in a factory and independently exist outside the heat exchange system. We refer to these larger components, the separate combustion and heat exchange systems, as modules. These modules may be of different types and sizes and connected to each other to form a thermodynamic system.
The combustion modules are independently arranged, different types of fuels can be fully combusted, and the independent combustion modules can be conveniently and timely started and stopped according to the change of thermal requirements.
In a general small-sized combustion device, since a sufficient combustion time and a sufficient combustion temperature of fuel cannot be ensured, the system combustion emission state is often deteriorated.
The utility model provides a mode of above problem adopts modular combustion structure, and every combustion module contains two at least combustion units, and the flue gas that each combustion unit produced continues the burning after getting into the interior mixture of collection formula whirlwind after-combustion ware. The convergent cyclone afterburner comprises a cylindrical inner cavity, one end of the inner cavity is provided with a flue gas outlet, the other end of the inner cavity is provided with at least 2 flue gas inlets, and flue gas is introduced into the inner cavity of the convergent cyclone afterburner in a rotary cutting mode to form flame vortex.
Each combustion unit can be started and stopped at any time according to the change of the output requirement of the thermodynamic system. When the heat output is required to be reduced, one or a plurality of combustion units can be shut down, and the other combustion units continue to operate and keep the convergent type post-combustion system to continue to burn at a certain temperature all the time, so that the exhaust gas can always reach the emission standard.
Such start-stop will not affect the clean emission of the combustion system, and also the flue gas from the non-quality fuel or the insufficiently combusted flue gas of each combustion unit will not ultimately affect the emission index of the whole combustion system.
The utility model discloses also can make the combustion unit be in the servo state of smoldering and needn't shut down completely, the flue gas that is in servo state combustion unit can mix and the abundant burning of after combustion system and guarantee clean emission with the flue gas that comes from normal combustion unit.
The utility model discloses also can satisfy the requirement of thermodynamic system demand change of exerting oneself through changing the combustion unit fuel and put in quantity, the abundant burning and the clean influence that the fuel is different that discharges that do not receive every combustion unit to use of every combustion module flue gas. It is experienced that if the thermal output of a combustion system is reduced to 50% of the design power, the operating temperature of the convergent-cyclone afterburner cannot be below 730 ℃, which can be achieved by an electronic control system. The inner cavity of the collecting cyclone afterburner is lined with ceramic materials, and all walls have good heat insulation performance so as to reduce heat loss to the maximum extent. Even a low-power operation of only one combustion system connected thereto with the feed flue gas is sufficient to maintain the operating temperature of the convergent-cyclone afterburner. If a second-stage convergent cyclone afterburner is additionally arranged behind the first-stage convergent cyclone afterburner, the heat output variable capability of the modular thermodynamic system can be further improved. Since the flue gases of 4 or more combustion systems can then be joined together, even in the case of only one of the combustion systems being operated, the collector cyclone afterburner always ensures normal operating temperatures, by means of which the combustion systems which are out of operation can be restarted slowly one after the other without affecting the emission specification. The combustion power of each combustion system can be reduced individually or stopped completely, and this function is realized by a hot air flow control device which can be operated externally and can freely change the cross section of the flue gas.
This simplifies the control process and reduces the labor intensity of the personnel, since there is no need to completely start and stop the combustion process of the combustion unit.
Due to the combustion characteristics of the straws, long flame can be formed in the combustion process and the special long combustion time is needed, so the straws are more suitable for the post-combustion process at high temperature, unburned components in the flue gas are fully combusted to release heat radiation and light, and the process is supplemented with the full combustion of coal flue gas and the like.
The utility model discloses independent combustion unit and collection formula after-combustion system's structural arrangement is particularly suitable for the fuel that combustion performance is not good, easily produces higher soot and CO emission during for the brown coal burning, utilizes the utility model discloses then can be from the straw flue gas that different combustion unit produced more than 2 and brown coal flue gas mix the burning in collection formula after-combustion system, can effectively solve the abundant burning and the clean problem of discharging of non-high-quality fuel such as brown coal like this.
The utility model can also use the domestic garbage as fuel. Although the lower fuel of calorific value such as municipal refuse easily produces harmful emissions such as dioxin when burning, the utility model discloses a collect formula postcombustion system continues abundant burning with suitable time and temperature through the flue gas and the high-quality fuel flue gas that produce low calorific value fuel such as domestic refuse to harmful emissions such as furthest reduction dioxin have improved the security of discharging.
The method can also solve the problem of combustion of the biological industrial waste or certain chemical industrial waste used as fuel.
Thermodynamic systems are generally operated at full load only when energy demands are greatest (e.g., during the coolest winter weather), and most of the time only at part load. The utility model discloses even if close partial combustion module or combustion unit, only keep a certain proportion operation load, thereby independent heat exchange module (the heat exchanger that does not contain combustion system promptly) all can be in the average exhaust gas temperature of comprehensive running state reduction system all the time, can reduce fuel consumption like this. However, even if the system is operated with only a small amount of heat load, the temperature of the system exhaust smoke is as low as 100 ℃, or is lower than the temperature of the condenser of the thermodynamic system, so that the corrosion risk is not brought to affect the service life of the system. And when the traditional thermodynamic system consisting of a plurality of boilers (integrating a combustion system and a heat exchange system) only keeps partial load operation, the heat loss can be higher than that of the modular thermodynamic system of the utility model because the temperature of exhaust gas cannot be reduced.
Benefit from on average very low exhaust gas temperature, the utility model discloses whole thermodynamic system's thermal efficiency is very high, is favorable to fuel consumption's management. Even if the system is in a smoldering state, the problems of harmful gas emission along with waste gas and energy waste are avoided.
Since the exhaust gas temperature is usually very low, the exhaust gas can also be used to cool the water or air entering the condenser.
The heat of condensation is an additional heat gain, especially for straw-fueled combustion systems with high moisture content, because of the considerable amount of water evaporated during the straw combustion process. Furthermore, the condensation process also contributes to dust separation.
The utility model discloses fall into the less functional module of a plurality of with thermodynamic system, fall into a plurality of convection heat transfer module with heat transfer system. Simultaneously the utility model discloses a with the heat exchange module of combustion system separation, heat exchange module links together by a plurality of each separable heat exchange unit.
The utility model discloses other parts of thermodynamic system also all adopt modular structure like charging system, bundle burning formula gasification system, coal combustion system and collection formula whirlwind after-combustion system etc. and these modules can all pass through assembled joint such as hoist at the installation scene.
The mobile, extensible, standardized and modular structure is easy to produce and manufacture according to the individual requirements of each application scene, and is low in cost and efficient.
The utility model discloses especially, still be applicable to when improving fume emission standard, the further application of the coal of various article looks at thermodynamic system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view of the most important components of the modular thermodynamic system of the invention.
In the figure: the method comprises the following steps of 1-heat exchanger module, 2-heat exchanger unit, 3-straw bundle feeding system, 4-whole bundle type gasification system, 5-coal combustion system, 6-garbage conveying system, 7-hub type garbage combustion chamber, 8-first stage convergent cyclone afterburner, 9-second stage convergent cyclone afterburner, 10-hot air pipeline, 11-waste gas pipeline, 12-induced draft fan, 13-waste gas pipeline, 14-waste gas treatment system, 15-induced draft fan, 16-chimney, 17-boiler room and 18-hot air flow control device.
Detailed Description
The central area of the thermodynamic system is provided with a large heat exchanger module (1) separated from a combustion system, and the heat exchanger module (1) can be selected from different structural styles. The heat exchanger module in this embodiment is made up of 5 identical, movable heat exchanger units (2), each heat exchanger unit (2) being capable of absorbing 15 megawatts of heat for a total of 75 megawatts.
We can see that there are five bale-fired gasification-combustion modules in the figure, each module with a thermal power of 9.4MW, each module having an independent straw bale feeding system (3) and a whole-bale gasification system (4). And all the combustion systems can be completely or partially replaced by other various types of combustion systems which can generate combustible smoke with the temperature of above 730 ℃ and combust various fuels. In this embodiment, we have a feeding system (3) for round or square straw bales. The straw bundle feeding system (3) is sealed and has no open fire inside, and a pushing device is arranged inside the system to push the straw bundles into the whole bundle type gasification system (4) at a low speed for gasification combustion to generate smoke. The modular thermodynamic system of the embodiment also comprises two coal combustion systems (5) and a garbage combustion module consisting of a garbage conveying system (6) and a hub type garbage combustion chamber (7), and the combustion power of each module is 9.4 MW. The coal combustion system (5) can adopt a known coal combustion device with a general design, and flue gas generated by combustion enters a first-stage convergent cyclone afterburner (8) through a conveying channel; the garbage combustion module also adopts a known garbage combustion device with a general design, and smoke generated by combustion enters a first-stage convergent cyclone afterburner (8) through a conveying channel. These combustion systems can also be replaced, in whole or in part, by other types of combustion systems that burn various fuels that can produce combustible fumes above 730 ℃.
The system leads the smoke of the combustion modules (4, 5 and 7) into the first-stage convergent cyclone afterburner (8) respectively for combustion, then leads the smoke into the second-stage convergent cyclone afterburner (9), and enters the heat exchanger unit (2) through the hot air pipeline (10) after full combustion. Enters a waste gas pipeline (13) through a waste gas pipeline (11) and a draught fan (12) and then enters a waste gas treatment system (14), and is discharged through a chimney (16) after being treated. The height of the first stage convergent cyclone afterburner (8) is about 9 meters, the diameter of an inner cavity is about 1.8 meters, and the wall of the inner cavity is provided with a ceramic lining and a heat insulating material.
The main parts of all modules of the system are arranged in a boiler room (17). Other parts of the straw bundle feeding system (3) and the like are arranged outside the boiler room (17), and combustion residues and the like are also placed outside the boiler room (17) and can be loaded by vehicles.
The flue gases of the two combustion modules (4, 5, 7) are led into a first-stage convergent cyclone afterburner (8). If one of the two combustion modules (4, 5, 7) connected to the first-stage collective cyclone afterburner (8) is switched off, the combustion process of the other combustion module (4, 5, 7) which has been switched off can be started at any time, since the temperature in the first-stage collective cyclone afterburner (8) is still kept at a certain temperature. Meanwhile, under the condition that one combustion module (4, 5, 7) is closed, the first-stage convergent cyclone afterburner (8) reduces the output by 50% but does not affect the full combustion of the smoke, so that the smoke emission standard is not affected.
As shown in the figure, each second-stage convergent cyclone afterburner (9) is connected with two first-stage convergent cyclone afterburners (8), and even if two combustion modules (4, 5, 7) connected with any one first-stage convergent cyclone afterburner (8) stop running at the same time, the second-stage convergent cyclone afterburner (9) is still in a running state and keeps a certain temperature, so that the combustion modules (4, 5, 7) which stop running can be restarted easily without causing the emission of the whole system to be incapable of reaching the standard. So through regulation and control, the utility model discloses then can conveniently realize adjusting entire system and exert oneself 25%.
In practice, even if the second-stage convergent-cyclone afterburner (9) is kept running and at a certain temperature, if the combustion modules (4, 5, 7) which are stopped running are to be restarted, firstly the combustion modules (4, 5, 7) which are still running and share the first-stage convergent-cyclone afterburner (8) are adjusted to the maximum output, and then the combustion modules (4, 5, 7) which are stopped running are started. By analogy, the combustion modules (4, 5, 7) which are out of operation can be restarted more easily.
The thermal output of the whole thermodynamic system can realize higher variable capacity by accurately and reasonably configuring the operation quantity among different combustion modules (4, 5, 7), thereby realizing better investment income, higher thermal efficiency and lower operation cost.
All combustion modules (4, 5, 7) can be switched on, off and on by means of an external hot air flow control device (18), the hot air flow control device (18) being able to be manual, motorized or automatic.
The most lossy thermodynamic system operation is the combustion system. With conventional power plants, if the combustion system (boiler) is out of service often means that the entire plant must be shut down for repair or maintenance. The utility model discloses owing to adopt modular structure, thermodynamic system can shut down the maintenance or the maintenance even a certain combustion module (4, 5, 7) shut down, other combustion modules (4, 5, 7) and even whole power plant still can keep not shutting down normal operating like this to the higher than actual demand of the total output design of burning, this annual operating hours and the profitability that will improve the power plant.
The modular structure of the utility model can also enable the so-called low-heat value fuel and the inferior fuel to realize the mixed combustion with the high-quality fuel through the first-stage integrated cyclone afterburner (8), and does not influence the discharge and the output performance of the whole thermodynamic system, so that the intrinsic value of the fuels such as straws can be re-evaluated. The utility model discloses the wheel hub formula rubbish combustion chamber (7) of system just uses domestic waste as the fuel, still can guarantee that entire system's heat output and emission performance do not receive the influence of fuel type. In the structural mode of the embodiment, the thermodynamic system with the convergent cyclone afterburner can realize the most sufficient combustion of fuel, and hot gas generated after the flue gas is sufficiently combusted can keep a heat exchange surface clean, so that the service life of the filtering system is longest.
The utility model discloses make large-scale thermodynamic system's manufacturing and installation can realize modularization and integration to save the time and the cost of manufacturing and installation. Meanwhile, the heat output can be changed at any time and conveniently according to needs, so that the so-called non-high-quality fuel is used more, and the operation cost is reduced. The system emission performance is improved, and the environment-friendly thermal production is realized.
In a word, the utility model discloses can bring better comprehensive benefits including economic benefits.
Claims (5)
1. The modular thermodynamic system with variable output, multiple fuels, low emission and high efficiency adopts a modular structure, can adjust the thermal output and improve the fuel efficiency, and also comprises a necessary water treatment device, a pump, a pipeline, a fan, a purification device and a chimney; the method is characterized in that a plurality of separated combustion modules (4, 5, 7) are arranged outside the heat exchanger module (1), and flue gas generated by the combustion modules (4, 5, 7) enters the heat exchanger module (1) after being completely combusted by convergent cyclone afterburners (8, 9).
2. The modular, variable-capacity, multi-fuel, low-emission, high-efficiency thermodynamic system according to claim 1, wherein at least two combustion modules (4, 5, 7) are connected to one first-stage convergent-cyclone afterburner (8).
3. The modular, variable capacity, multi-fuel, low emissions, high efficiency thermodynamic system as claimed in claim 1 wherein a first stage convergent cyclone afterburner (8) is followed by a second stage convergent cyclone afterburner (9).
4. The modular, variable-capacity, multi-fuel, low-emission, high-efficiency thermodynamic system according to claim 1, characterized in that several combustion modules (4, 5, 7) using different fuels are connected to the first-stage convergent-cyclone afterburner (8).
5. The modular, variable-output, multi-fuel, low-emission, high-efficiency thermodynamic system according to claim 1, wherein the combustion modules (4, 5, 7) are externally provided with hot air flow control means (18).
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109099503A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2018-12-28 | 黑龙江赫尔特生物质能源发展有限公司 | Variable delivery, multi fuel, low emission, efficient modular therrmodynamic system |
| CN112197282A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2021-01-08 | 江苏大地益源环境修复有限公司 | Smoldering equipment for treating organic pollution medium in production line mode and smoldering treatment method |
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2018
- 2018-09-06 CN CN201821509832.6U patent/CN210373672U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109099503A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2018-12-28 | 黑龙江赫尔特生物质能源发展有限公司 | Variable delivery, multi fuel, low emission, efficient modular therrmodynamic system |
| CN109099503B (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2023-07-28 | 黑龙江赫尔特生物质能源发展有限公司 | Variable force, multi-fuel, low emission, high efficiency modular thermodynamic system |
| CN112197282A (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2021-01-08 | 江苏大地益源环境修复有限公司 | Smoldering equipment for treating organic pollution medium in production line mode and smoldering treatment method |
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