CN210370818U - Heat pump energy storage power generation system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage - Google Patents
Heat pump energy storage power generation system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage Download PDFInfo
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- CN210370818U CN210370818U CN201920827939.3U CN201920827939U CN210370818U CN 210370818 U CN210370818 U CN 210370818U CN 201920827939 U CN201920827939 U CN 201920827939U CN 210370818 U CN210370818 U CN 210370818U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a heat pump energy storage power generation system based on indirect cold heat-retaining of storing up, this system include heat pump heating refrigeration energy storage return circuit, cold and hot energy heat engine power generation return circuit, indirect heat-retaining return circuit and indirect cold-retaining return circuit of storing up. A power station valley (low price) electrically driven heat pump heating and refrigerating circulation loop is adopted to prepare high-temperature heat energy and low-temperature cold energy, the heat energy and the cold energy are exchanged to an indirect heat storage loop and an indirect cold storage loop through a heat exchanger and are stored in a heat storage unit and a cold storage unit; in the electricity consumption peak, the gas in the cold and heat energy heat engine power generation loop exchanges heat with the indirect heat storage loop and the indirect cold storage loop through the heat exchanger, absorbs the stored high-temperature heat energy and low-temperature cold energy, and drives the generator to generate electricity through heat engine circulation. The utility model discloses a based on indirect cold heat-retaining of storing up have simple structure, with low costs, energy storage density is high, efficient, be applicable to electric wire netting peak shaver and various renewable energy power stations, do not produce advantages such as greenhouse gas.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of energy storage, a energy storage power generation system is related to, especially relate to a heat pump energy storage power generation system based on indirect cold heat-retaining of storing up, be one kind based on heat pump circulation stored energy and utilize the stored energy to produce the energy storage system of electric energy.
Background
In recent years, renewable energy is gradually becoming an important source of newly added electric power, and the structure and the operation mode of a power grid are greatly changed. With the increasing popularization of renewable energy sources (wind energy, solar energy and the like) and the urgent needs of peak shaving, grid reliability improvement and electric energy quality improvement of a power grid, the importance of a power energy storage system is increasingly highlighted. The energy storage is an important component and a key supporting technology of a smart power grid, a renewable energy high-ratio energy system and an intelligent energy source of 'internet +' (hereinafter referred to as energy internet). The energy storage can provide various services such as peak shaving, frequency modulation, standby, black start, demand response support and the like for the operation of a power grid, and is an important means for improving the flexibility, the economy and the safety of a traditional power system; the energy storage can remarkably improve the consumption level of renewable energy sources such as wind, light and the like, support distributed power and a microgrid and is a key technology for promoting the replacement of main energy sources from fossil energy sources to renewable energy sources; the energy storage can promote the open sharing and flexible transaction of energy production and consumption, realize the multi-energy cooperation, and is a core foundation for constructing an energy internet, promoting the reformation of an electric power system and promoting the new state development of energy.
The existing power energy storage technology comprises water pumping energy storage, compressed air energy storage, storage battery energy storage, superconducting magnetic energy, flywheel energy storage, super capacitor and the like. The energy storage of China presents a good situation of multivariate development: the pumped storage develops rapidly; the research and development of energy storage technologies such as compressed air energy storage, flywheel energy storage, superconducting energy storage and super capacitor, lead storage battery, lithium ion battery, sodium-sulfur battery, flow battery and the like are accelerated; the heat storage, cold storage and hydrogen storage technologies have also made certain progress. The physical methods of water pumping energy storage, heat storage energy storage and compressed air energy storage are suitable for large-scale commercial application due to low cost and large energy storage capacity, and account for about 99.5% of the total amount of energy stored in the world.
When the power system is in a valley load, the energy storage system of the pumping power station enables the motor to drive the water pump to pump water in the low water reservoir to the high water reservoir through the pipeline so as to consume a part of electric energy. When the peak load comes, the water in the high reservoir makes the water pump and the motor run reversely through the pipeline to become a water turbine and a generator to generate electric energy to supply users, thereby playing the roles of peak clipping and valley filling. The energy storage system of the pumping power station has the advantages of being mature and reliable in technology, high in efficiency (70 percent), large in energy storage capacity and the like, and is widely used at present. However, the energy storage system of the pumping power station needs special geographical conditions to build two reservoirs and dams, the construction period is long (generally about 7-15 years), and the initial investment is huge. What is more troublesome is that large-scale reservoirs are built to submerge vegetation in large areas even in cities, so that ecological and immigration problems are caused, and therefore building of energy storage systems of water pumping power stations is more and more limited.
In the electricity utilization valley of the traditional compressed air energy storage system, air is compressed and stored in an air storage chamber, so that electric energy is converted into internal energy of the air to be stored; during the peak of electricity utilization, high-pressure air is released from the air storage chamber, enters the combustion chamber of the gas turbine to be combusted with fuel, and then drives the turbine to generate electricity. The compressed air energy storage system has the advantages of large energy storage capacity, long energy storage period, high efficiency (50-70%), relatively small unit investment and the like. However, the energy storage density of the compressed air energy storage technology is low, and the difficulty is that a proper place for storing compressed air is needed, such as a sealed cave or an abandoned mine. Moreover, the compressed air energy storage system still relies on the combustion of fossil fuel to provide a heat source, so that the threat of gradual exhaustion and price rise of the fossil fuel is faced on one hand, and pollutants such as nitride, sulfide and carbon dioxide are still generated by the combustion of the compressed air energy storage system on the other hand, and the compressed air energy storage system does not meet the development requirements of green (zero emission) and renewable energy sources.
In order to solve the main problems faced by the conventional compressed air energy storage system, in recent years, researchers at home and abroad respectively develop the research on an advanced adiabatic compressed air energy storage system (AACAES), a ground compressed air energy storage system (SVCAES), a compressed air energy storage system with heat regeneration (AACAES) and an air-steam combined cycle compressed air energy storage system (CASH), and the like, so that the compressed air energy storage system can basically avoid burning fossil fuels, but the energy density of the compressed air energy storage system is still very low, and a large-scale gas storage chamber is needed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the above-mentioned shortcoming and the deficiency that prior art exists, the utility model aims at providing a heat pump energy storage power generation system based on indirect cold heat-retaining, this system includes heat pump heating refrigeration energy storage return circuit, cold and hot energy heat engine power generation return circuit, indirect heat-retaining return circuit and indirect cold-retaining return circuit of holding up. The method comprises the following steps of preparing high-temperature heat energy and low-temperature cold energy by adopting a power station valley (low price) electrically-driven heat pump heating and refrigerating circulation loop, exchanging the heat energy and the cold energy to an indirect heat storage loop and an indirect cold storage loop through a heat exchanger, and storing the heat energy and the cold energy in a heat storage unit and a cold storage unit; in the electricity consumption peak, the gas in the cold and heat energy heat engine power generation loop exchanges heat with the indirect heat storage loop and the indirect cold storage loop through the heat exchanger, absorbs the stored high-temperature heat energy and low-temperature cold energy, and drives the generator to generate electricity through heat engine circulation. The utility model discloses a based on indirect cold heat-retaining of storing up have simple structure, with low costs, energy storage density is high, efficient, be applicable to electric wire netting peak shaver and various renewable energy power stations, do not produce advantages such as greenhouse gas.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the utility model is that:
a heat pump energy storage power generation system based on indirect cold and heat storage comprises a driving unit, an energy storage compressor unit, an energy storage expander unit, a cold storage loop heat exchanger, a low temperature cold storage unit, a low temperature fan, a heat storage loop heat exchanger, a high temperature fan, a high temperature heat storage unit, a first high pressure heat exchanger, a second high pressure heat exchanger, an energy release compressor unit, an energy release expander unit, a power generation unit, a first low pressure heat exchanger and a second low pressure heat exchanger,
the system is integrally divided into a heat pump heating and refrigerating energy storage loop, a cold and hot energy heat engine power generation loop, an indirect heat storage loop and an indirect cold storage loop, wherein,
the heat pump heating and refrigerating energy storage loop comprises the energy storage compressor set, the heat storage loop heat exchanger, the first high-pressure heat exchanger, the cold storage loop heat exchanger, the energy storage expansion unit and the first low-pressure heat exchanger, wherein,
an exhaust port of the energy storage compressor unit is communicated with an air inlet of the energy storage expansion unit through a hot side of the heat storage loop heat exchanger and a hot side of the first high-pressure heat exchanger in sequence through pipelines,
an air outlet of the energy storage expansion unit is communicated with an air inlet of the energy storage compressor unit through a cold side of the cold storage loop heat exchanger and a cold side of the first low-pressure heat exchanger in sequence through pipelines;
-the cold and thermal energy heat engine power generation circuit comprising the energy release compressor unit, the heat storage circuit heat exchanger, the second high pressure heat exchanger, the cold storage circuit heat exchanger, the energy release expander unit, the second low pressure heat exchanger, wherein,
an exhaust port of the energy release compressor unit is communicated with an air inlet of the energy release expansion unit through a hot side of the second high-pressure heat exchanger and a hot side of the heat storage loop heat exchanger in sequence through pipelines,
an air outlet of the energy release expansion unit is communicated with an air inlet of the energy release compressor unit through a cold side of the second low-pressure heat exchanger and a cold side of the cold storage loop heat exchanger in sequence through pipelines;
the indirect heat storage loop comprises the heat storage loop heat exchanger, a high-temperature fan and a high-temperature heat storage unit, wherein the cold side of the heat storage loop heat exchanger, the high-temperature fan and the high-temperature heat storage unit are sequentially connected through a pipeline to form a closed loop;
-the indirect cold storage loop comprises the cold storage loop heat exchanger, a low temperature fan and a low temperature cold storage unit, wherein the hot side of the cold storage loop heat exchanger, the low temperature fan and the low temperature cold storage unit are connected in sequence through pipelines to form a closed loop.
In the valley period of power consumption, the system utilizes heat pump heating refrigeration cycle return circuit prepares high temperature heat energy and low temperature cold energy to store in high temperature heat-retaining unit and low temperature cold storage unit through indirect heat-retaining cold storage return circuit respectively, specifically do: the driving unit drives the energy storage compressor unit to compress the normal-temperature low-pressure circulating gas working medium to a high-temperature high-pressure state; the temperature of the high-temperature high-pressure circulating gas working medium is reduced to normal temperature through the heat storage loop heat exchanger, and high-temperature heat energy is stored in an energy storage medium of the high-temperature heat storage unit through the indirect heat storage loop; the temperature of the circulating gas working medium at normal temperature and high pressure is reduced to be near the room temperature through the hot side of the high-pressure heat exchanger; the circulating gas working medium with the room temperature and the high pressure further passes through the energy storage expansion unit to reach the low temperature and the low pressure; the low-temperature low-pressure circulating gas working medium raises the temperature of the low-temperature low-pressure circulating gas working medium to normal temperature through the low-temperature cold storage loop heat exchanger, and low-temperature cold energy is stored in an energy storage medium of the low-temperature cold storage unit through an indirect cold storage loop; the temperature of the circulating gas working medium at normal temperature and low pressure is near the room temperature after passing through the low-pressure heat exchanger; and the circulating gas working medium with the room temperature and the low pressure reenters the inlet of the energy storage compressor unit to participate in circulation, and the circulation is repeated in such a way, so that high-temperature heat energy and low-temperature cold energy are continuously stored in the energy storage media of the high-temperature heat storage unit and the low-temperature cold storage unit.
In the peak period of power consumption, the system utilizes the high temperature heat energy and the low temperature cold energy stored in the high temperature heat-retaining unit and the low temperature cold-storage unit to drive the heat engine to generate electricity in a circulating way, and specifically comprises the following steps: the normal-temperature low-pressure circulating gas working medium passes through the cold storage loop heat exchanger, absorbs low-temperature cold energy stored in the low-temperature cold storage unit, then is cooled to low temperature and low pressure, and is compressed to a normal-temperature high-pressure state by the energy release compressor unit; the temperature of the circulating gas working medium at normal temperature and high pressure is reduced to be near the room temperature through the hot side of the second high-pressure heat exchanger; the temperature of the circulating gas working medium with room temperature and high pressure is raised to high temperature through the heat storage loop heat exchanger; the high-temperature and high-pressure circulating gas working medium further passes through the energy-releasing expansion unit to reach normal temperature and low pressure; the normal-temperature low-pressure circulating gas working medium passes through the second low-pressure heat exchanger and then is cooled to be near the room temperature; and the room-temperature low-pressure circulating gas working medium reenters the inlet of the cold storage loop heat exchanger to participate in circulation. The energy releasing expansion unit is connected with a power generation unit in a driving mode, and the energy releasing compressor unit is in transmission connection with the energy releasing expansion unit. The circulation is repeated, and the stored high-temperature heat energy and the stored low-temperature cold energy are continuously converted into electric energy through the heat engine circulation to be output.
In the indirect heat storage loop, in the energy storage process, the high-temperature fan drives gas to circularly flow in the indirect heat storage loop, the gas is heated when passing through the heat storage loop heat exchanger and is cooled when passing through the high-temperature heat storage unit, and heat energy is stored in an energy storage medium in the high-temperature heat storage unit. In the energy releasing process, the high-temperature fan runs reversely to drive gas to flow in the indirect heat storage loop in a circulating mode, the gas is heated when passing through the high-temperature heat storage unit and is cooled when passing through the heat storage loop heat exchanger, and heat energy stored in the high-temperature heat storage unit is exchanged to the heat engine work loop.
In the indirect cold storage loop, in the energy storage process, the low-temperature fan drives gas to circularly flow in the indirect cold storage loop, the gas is cooled when passing through the cold storage loop heat exchanger and heated when passing through the low-temperature cold storage unit, and cold energy is stored in an energy storage medium in the cold storage unit. In the energy releasing process, the low-temperature fan runs reversely to drive gas to flow in the indirect cold storage loop in a circulating mode, the gas is cooled when passing through the low-temperature cold storage unit and is heated when passing through the heat exchanger of the cold storage loop, and cold energy stored in the low-temperature cold storage unit is exchanged into the work circuit of the heat engine.
Preferably, two ends of a hot side of the heat storage loop heat exchanger are respectively a first port and a second port for circulating gas working media to flow in and flow out, and two ends of a cold side of the cold storage loop heat exchanger are respectively a first port and a second port for circulating gas working media to flow in and flow out.
The system further comprises a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve, a third three-way valve and a fourth three-way valve, wherein the first three-way valve comprises three ports, the first port of the first three-way valve is communicated with an exhaust port of the energy storage compressor unit, the second port of the first three-way valve is communicated with an air inlet of the energy release expansion unit, and the third port of the first three-way valve is communicated with a first port of a hot side of the heat storage loop heat exchanger; the second three-way valve comprises three ports, a first port of the second three-way valve is communicated with a second port on the hot side of the heat storage loop heat exchanger, a second port of the second three-way valve is communicated with a hot side inlet of the first high-pressure heat exchanger, and a third port of the second three-way valve is communicated with a hot side outlet of the second high-pressure heat exchanger; the third three-way valve comprises three ports, wherein a first port of the third three-way valve is communicated with an exhaust port of the energy storage expansion unit, a second port of the third three-way valve is communicated with a first port of a cold side of the cold storage loop heat exchanger, and a third port of the third three-way valve is communicated with an air inlet of the energy release compressor unit; the fourth three-way valve comprises three ports, wherein a first port of the third three-way valve is communicated with a second port of the cold side of the cold storage loop heat exchanger, a second port of the fourth three-way valve is communicated with a cold side inlet of the first low-pressure heat exchanger, and a third port of the third three-way valve is communicated with a cold side outlet of the second low-pressure heat exchanger.
Furthermore, when the system stores energy, the first three-way valve is controlled to enable the first port to be communicated with the third port, and the second port is closed; controlling the second three-way valve to enable the first port of the second three-way valve to be communicated with the second port and the third port of the second three-way valve to be closed; controlling the fourth three-way valve to enable the first port of the fourth three-way valve to be communicated with the second port and the third port of the fourth three-way valve to be closed; and controlling the third three-way valve to enable the first port to be communicated with the second port and the third port to be closed.
Further, when the system releases energy and generates power, the first three-way valve is controlled to enable the second port to be communicated with the third port, and the first port is closed; controlling the second three-way valve to enable the first port of the second three-way valve to be communicated with the third port, and closing the second port; controlling the fourth three-way valve to enable the first port of the fourth three-way valve to be communicated with the third port and the second port of the fourth three-way valve to be closed; and controlling the third three-way valve to enable the second port to be communicated with the third port, and closing the first port.
Preferably, the driving unit is a driving motor or a wind turbine; when the driving unit is a driving motor, one or more of conventional power station valley electricity, nuclear electricity, wind electricity, solar power generation, hydroelectric power generation or tidal power generation is used as a power supply.
Preferably, the total pressure ratio of the energy storage compressor unit or the energy release compressor unit is between 5 and 40; when the compressor unit comprises a plurality of compressors, the compressors are in a coaxial series connection mode or a split-shaft parallel connection mode; in the parallel connection mode, each branch shaft is movably connected with the main driving shaft.
Preferably, the total expansion ratio of the energy storage expansion unit or the energy release expansion unit is between 5 and 40; when the expansion machine set comprises a plurality of expansion machines, the plurality of expansion machines are in a coaxial series connection mode or a split-shaft parallel connection mode; in the parallel connection mode, each branch shaft is movably connected with the main driving shaft.
Preferably, the heat storage unit and the cold storage unit are cylinders, spheres or cuboids. The energy storage medium is one or a combination of at least two of materials such as rock, sand and stone, metal particles, solid bricks and the like.
Preferably, the circulating gas working medium in the heat pump heating and refrigerating energy storage loop, the cold and hot energy heat engine power generation loop, the indirect heat storage loop and the indirect cold storage loop is one or a mixture of at least two of argon, helium, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen or air.
Compared with the prior art, the heat pump energy storage and power generation system for indirect cold storage and heat storage adopts the power station valley (low price) electrically driven heat pump heating and refrigerating circulation loop to prepare high-temperature heat energy and low-temperature cold energy, and stores the high-temperature heat energy and the low-temperature cold energy in the heat storage and cold storage unit through the indirect heat exchange loop; at the peak of electricity utilization, the cold energy in the heat storage and cold storage unit exchanges heat energy and cold energy to the energy release power generation loop through the indirect heat exchange loop and the indirect heat storage and cold storage loop heat exchanger, and the generator is driven to generate power through heat engine circulation. The utility model discloses a heat pump energy storage power generation system based on indirect cold storage heat-retaining has simple structure, with low costs, energy storage density is high, efficient, be applicable to electric wire netting peak shaving and various renewable energy power stations, do not produce advantages such as greenhouse gas.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the heat pump energy storage power generation system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be noted that the following examples are illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the utility model discloses a heat pump energy storage power generation system based on array cold storage heat-retaining, by drive unit 1, energy storage compressor unit 2, energy storage expander unit 3, cold storage return circuit heat exchanger 4, low temperature cold storage unit 5, low temperature fan 6, heat storage return circuit heat exchanger 7, high temperature fan 8, high temperature heat storage unit 9, first high pressure heat exchanger 10, second high pressure heat exchanger 11, energy release compressor unit 12, energy release expander unit 13, power generation unit 14, first low pressure heat exchanger 15, second low pressure heat exchanger 16, third three way valve 17, fourth three way valve 18, second three way valve 19, first three way valve 22, and many pipeline 20, 21, 23 ~ 40 etc. parts constitute.
The two ends of the hot side of the heat storage loop heat exchanger 7 are respectively a first port and a second port for circulating gas working media to flow in and flow out, and the two ends of the cold side of the cold storage loop heat exchanger 4 are respectively a first port and a second port for circulating gas working media to flow in and flow out.
The first three-way valve 22 comprises three ports, wherein a first port of the first three-way valve is communicated with an exhaust port of the energy storage compressor unit 2, a second port of the first three-way valve is communicated with an air inlet of the energy release expansion unit 13, and a third port of the first three-way valve is communicated with a first port of a hot side of the heat storage loop heat exchanger 7; the second three-way valve 19 comprises three ports, a first port of the three-way valve is communicated with a second port on the hot side of the heat storage loop heat exchanger 7, a second port of the three-way valve is communicated with a hot side inlet of the first high-pressure heat exchanger 10, and a third port of the three-way valve is communicated with a hot side outlet of the second high-pressure heat exchanger 11; the third three-way valve 17 comprises three ports, wherein a first port of the third three-way valve is communicated with an exhaust port of the energy storage expansion unit 3, a second port of the third three-way valve is communicated with a first port of the cold side of the cold storage loop heat exchanger 4, and a third port of the third three-way valve is communicated with an air inlet of the energy release compressor unit 12; the fourth three-way valve 18 comprises three ports, a first port of which communicates with a second port of the cold side of the cold storage circuit heat exchanger 4, a second port of which communicates with the cold side inlet of the first low-pressure heat exchanger 15 and a third port of which communicates with the cold side outlet of the second low-pressure heat exchanger 16.
The utility model discloses an above-mentioned heat pump energy storage power generation system based on cold heat-retaining of array ization, whole can divide into heat pump heating refrigeration energy storage circuit, cold and hot energy heat engine power generation return circuit, indirect heat-retaining return circuit and indirect cold-storing return circuit, wherein:
the energy storage compressor unit 2, the heat storage loop heat exchanger 7, the first high-pressure heat exchanger 10, the cold storage loop heat exchanger 4, the energy storage expansion unit 3, the first low-pressure heat exchanger 15 and other components form a heat pump heating and refrigerating energy storage loop, the energy storage compressor unit 2 is driven by the driving unit 1, the energy storage compressor unit 2 is in transmission connection with the energy storage expansion unit 3, and circulating gas working media are filled in the energy storage loop, wherein an exhaust port of the energy storage compressor unit 2 is communicated with an air inlet of the energy storage expansion unit 3 through pipelines 20, 23, 24, 25 and 26 sequentially passing through a hot side of the heat storage loop heat exchanger 7 and a hot side of the first high-pressure heat exchanger 10, and an exhaust port of the energy storage expansion unit 3 is communicated with an air inlet of the energy storage compressor unit 2 through pipelines 27, 28, 29, 30 and 21 sequentially passing through a cold side;
the energy releasing compressor set 12, the heat storage loop heat exchanger 7, the second high-pressure heat exchanger 11, the cold storage loop heat exchanger 4, the energy releasing expansion set 13, the second low-pressure heat exchanger 16 and other components form a cold and heat energy heat engine power generation loop, the energy releasing expansion set 13 is in driving connection with the power generation unit 14, the energy releasing compressor set 12 is in transmission connection with the energy releasing expansion set 13, and the power generation loop is filled with a circulating gas working medium, wherein an exhaust port of the energy releasing compressor set 12 is communicated with an air inlet of the energy releasing expansion set 13 through a hot side of the second high-pressure heat exchanger 11 and a hot side of the heat storage loop heat exchanger 7 in sequence through pipelines 32, 33, 24, 23 and 34, and an exhaust port of the energy releasing expansion set 13 is communicated with an air inlet of the energy releasing compressor set 12 through pipelines 35, 36, 29, 28 and 31 in sequence through a cold side of the second low-;
the cold side of the heat storage loop heat exchanger 7, the high temperature fan 8, the high temperature heat storage unit 9 and the pipelines 39 and 40 form an indirect heat storage loop. The hot side of the cold storage loop heat exchanger 4, the low temperature fan 6, the low temperature cold accumulation unit 5 and the pipelines 37 and 38 form an indirect cold storage loop.
More specifically, in the heat pump heating and refrigerating energy storage loop, an exhaust port of the energy storage compressor unit 2 is communicated with an air inlet of the energy storage expansion unit 3 through a first three-way valve 22, a hot side of the heat storage loop heat exchanger 7, a second three-way valve 19 and a hot side of the first high-pressure heat exchanger 10 in sequence through pipelines, and an exhaust port of the energy storage expansion unit 3 is communicated with an air inlet of the energy storage compressor unit 2 through a third three-way valve 17, a cold side of the cold storage loop heat exchanger 4, a fourth three-way valve 18 and a cold side of the first low-pressure heat exchanger 15 in sequence through pipelines. In the cold-heat energy heat engine power generation loop, an exhaust port of the energy release compressor unit 12 is communicated with an air inlet of the energy release expansion unit 13 through a hot side of the second high-pressure heat exchanger 11, the second three-way valve 19, a hot side of the heat storage loop heat exchanger 7 and the first three-way valve 22 in sequence through pipelines, and an exhaust port of the energy release expansion unit 13 is communicated with an air inlet of the energy release compressor unit 12 through a cold side of the second low-pressure heat exchanger 16, the fourth three-way valve 18, a cold side of the cold storage loop heat exchanger 4 and the third three-way valve 17 in sequence through pipelines.
When energy is stored, the first three-way valve 22 is controlled to enable the first port to be communicated with the third port, the second port is closed, namely the pipeline 20 is communicated with the pipeline 23, and the pipeline 34 is closed; controlling the second three-way valve 19 to enable the first port to be communicated with the second port, closing the third port to enable the pipeline 24 to be communicated with the pipeline 25, and stopping the pipeline 33; controlling the fourth three-way valve 18 to open the first port and the second port, and close the third port, so that the pipeline 29 is communicated with the pipeline 30, and the pipeline 36 is closed; controlling the third three-way valve 17 to enable the first port to be communicated with the second port, closing the third port to enable the pipeline 27 to be communicated with the pipeline 28, and stopping the pipeline 31; during energy storage, as shown in fig. 1, the energy storage compressor unit 2, the heat storage loop heat exchanger 7, the first high-pressure heat exchanger 10, the energy storage expansion unit 3, the cold storage loop heat exchanger 4 and the first low-pressure heat exchanger 15 form a heat pump heating and refrigerating loop through pipelines. The driving unit 1 is fixedly connected with a common transmission shaft of the energy storage compressor unit 2 and the energy storage expander unit 3.
When energy is released and power is generated, the first three-way valve 22 is controlled to enable the second port to be communicated with the third port, the first port is closed, the pipeline 23 is communicated with the pipeline 34, and the pipeline 20 is closed; controlling the second three-way valve 19 to enable the first port to be communicated with the third port, closing the second port to enable the pipeline 24 to be communicated with the pipeline 33, and stopping the pipeline 25; controlling the fourth three-way valve 18 to enable the first port to be communicated with the third port, and the second port to be closed, so that the pipeline 29 is communicated with the pipeline 36, and the pipeline 30 is cut off; controlling the third three-way valve 17 to enable the second port to be communicated with the third port, closing the first port to enable the pipeline 28 to be communicated with the pipeline 31, and stopping the pipeline 27; when releasing energy and generating electricity, the energy releasing compressor unit 12, the second high-pressure heat exchanger 11, the heat storage loop heat exchanger 7, the energy releasing expansion unit 13, the second low-pressure heat exchanger 16 and the cold storage loop heat exchanger 4 form a heat engine energy releasing loop through pipelines. The power generation unit 14 is fixedly connected with a common transmission shaft of the heat pump cycle energy-releasing compressor unit 12 and the heat pump cycle energy-releasing expander unit 13.
In the electricity consumption valley period, the driving unit 1 drives the energy storage compressor unit 2 to compress the circulating gas working medium at normal temperature and low pressure to a high-temperature high-pressure state; the temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure circulating gas working medium is reduced to normal temperature through the heat storage loop heat exchanger 7; meanwhile, gas in the indirect heat storage loop is driven by the fan 8, is heated by the heat storage loop heat exchanger 7 and is cooled by the high-temperature heat storage unit 9, and meanwhile, high-temperature heat energy is stored in a heat storage medium of the high-temperature heat storage unit 9; the temperature of the circulating gas working medium at normal temperature and high pressure is reduced to be near the room temperature through the hot side of the high-pressure heat exchanger 10; the circulating gas working medium with the room temperature and the high pressure further passes through the energy storage expansion unit 3 to reach the low temperature and the low pressure; the low-temperature low-pressure circulating gas working medium raises the temperature of the low-temperature low-pressure circulating gas working medium to normal temperature through the cold storage loop heat exchanger 4, meanwhile, gas in the indirect cold storage loop is driven by the fan 6, is cooled through the cold storage loop heat exchanger 5 and then is heated through the low-temperature cold storage unit 5, and meanwhile, low-temperature cold energy is stored in a cold storage medium of the low-temperature cold storage unit 5; the temperature of the normal-temperature low-pressure circulating gas working medium is close to the room temperature after passing through the low-pressure heat exchanger 15; the room temperature low pressure circulating gas working medium reenters the inlet of the energy storage compressor unit 2 to participate in the heat pump circulation, and the high temperature heat energy and the low temperature cold energy are continuously stored in the heat storage medium of the high temperature heat storage unit 9 and the cold storage medium of the low temperature cold storage unit 5 in a reciprocating manner.
In the electricity utilization peak period, the low-temperature fan 6 in the indirect cold storage loop rotates reversely, gas in the indirect cold storage loop is driven by the low-temperature fan 6, low-temperature cold energy stored in an energy storage medium is absorbed by the low-temperature cold storage unit 5, and the gas is heated by the heat exchanger 4 of the cold storage loop; the normal-temperature low-pressure circulating gas working medium in the heat engine power generation loop passes through the cold storage loop heat exchanger 4, absorbs low-temperature cold energy, then reduces the temperature to low-temperature low-pressure, and compresses the low-temperature low-pressure circulating gas working medium to a normal-temperature high-pressure state through the energy release compressor unit 12; the temperature of the circulating gas working medium at normal temperature and high pressure is reduced to be near the room temperature through the hot side of the second high-pressure heat exchanger 16; meanwhile, the high-temperature fan 8 in the indirect heat storage loop rotates reversely, gas in the indirect heat storage loop is driven by the high-temperature fan 8, absorbs high-temperature heat energy stored in the energy storage medium through the high-temperature heat storage unit 9, and is cooled through the heat storage loop heat exchanger 7; the temperature of the gas working medium at room temperature and high pressure is raised to high temperature by the circulating gas working medium through the heat storage loop heat exchanger 7; the high-temperature and high-pressure circulating gas working medium further passes through the energy-releasing expansion unit 13 to reach normal temperature and low pressure; the temperature of the heat pump circulating gas working medium at normal temperature and low pressure is near the room temperature after passing through the low-pressure heat exchanger 16; the gas working medium with the room temperature and the low pressure enters the inlet of the cold storage loop heat exchanger 4 again to participate in the heat engine circulation. The energy release expansion machine set 13 is connected with a power generation unit 14 in a driving mode, and the energy release compressor set 12 is connected with the energy release expansion machine set 13 in a driving mode. The circulation is repeated, and the stored high-temperature heat energy and the stored low-temperature cold energy are continuously converted into electric energy through the heat engine circulation to be output.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A heat pump energy storage power generation system based on indirect cold and heat storage comprises a driving unit, an energy storage compressor unit, an energy storage expander unit, a cold storage loop heat exchanger, a low temperature cold storage unit, a low temperature fan, a heat storage loop heat exchanger, a high temperature fan, a high temperature heat storage unit, a first high pressure heat exchanger, a second high pressure heat exchanger, an energy release compressor unit, an energy release expander unit, a power generation unit, a first low pressure heat exchanger and a second low pressure heat exchanger,
the system is integrally divided into a heat pump heating and refrigerating energy storage loop, a cold and hot energy heat engine power generation loop, an indirect heat storage loop and an indirect cold storage loop, wherein,
the heat pump heating and refrigerating energy storage loop comprises the energy storage compressor set, the heat storage loop heat exchanger, the first high-pressure heat exchanger, the cold storage loop heat exchanger, the energy storage expansion unit and the first low-pressure heat exchanger, wherein,
an exhaust port of the energy storage compressor unit is communicated with an air inlet of the energy storage expansion unit through a hot side of the heat storage loop heat exchanger and a hot side of the first high-pressure heat exchanger in sequence through pipelines,
an air outlet of the energy storage expansion unit is communicated with an air inlet of the energy storage compressor unit through a cold side of the cold storage loop heat exchanger and a cold side of the first low-pressure heat exchanger in sequence through pipelines;
-the cold and thermal energy heat engine power generation circuit comprising the energy release compressor unit, the heat storage circuit heat exchanger, the second high pressure heat exchanger, the cold storage circuit heat exchanger, the energy release expander unit, the second low pressure heat exchanger, wherein,
an exhaust port of the energy release compressor unit is communicated with an air inlet of the energy release expansion unit through a hot side of the second high-pressure heat exchanger and a hot side of the heat storage loop heat exchanger in sequence through pipelines,
an air outlet of the energy release expansion unit is communicated with an air inlet of the energy release compressor unit through a cold side of the second low-pressure heat exchanger and a cold side of the cold storage loop heat exchanger in sequence through pipelines;
the indirect heat storage loop comprises the heat storage loop heat exchanger, a high-temperature fan and a high-temperature heat storage unit, wherein the cold side of the heat storage loop heat exchanger, the high-temperature fan and the high-temperature heat storage unit are sequentially connected through a pipeline to form a closed loop;
-the indirect cold storage loop comprises the cold storage loop heat exchanger, a low temperature fan and a low temperature cold storage unit, wherein the hot side of the cold storage loop heat exchanger, the low temperature fan and the low temperature cold storage unit are connected in sequence through pipelines to form a closed loop.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the two ends of the hot side of the heat storage loop heat exchanger are respectively a first port and a second port for the inflow and outflow of the circulating gas working medium, and the two ends of the cold side of the cold storage loop heat exchanger are respectively a first port and a second port for the inflow and outflow of the circulating gas working medium.
3. The system of claim 2, further comprising first to fourth three-way valves, wherein the first three-way valve comprises three ports, a first port of the three-way valve is communicated with an exhaust port of the energy storage compressor set, a second port of the three-way valve is communicated with an intake port of the energy release expander set, and a third port of the three-way valve is communicated with a first port of a hot side of the heat storage loop heat exchanger; the second three-way valve comprises three ports, a first port of the second three-way valve is communicated with a second port on the hot side of the heat storage loop heat exchanger, a second port of the second three-way valve is communicated with a hot side inlet of the first high-pressure heat exchanger, and a third port of the second three-way valve is communicated with a hot side outlet of the second high-pressure heat exchanger; the third three-way valve comprises three ports, wherein a first port of the third three-way valve is communicated with an exhaust port of the energy storage expansion unit, a second port of the third three-way valve is communicated with a first port of a cold side of the cold storage loop heat exchanger, and a third port of the third three-way valve is communicated with an air inlet of the energy release compressor unit; the fourth three-way valve comprises three ports, wherein a first port of the third three-way valve is communicated with a second port of the cold side of the cold storage loop heat exchanger, a second port of the fourth three-way valve is communicated with a cold side inlet of the first low-pressure heat exchanger, and a third port of the third three-way valve is communicated with a cold side outlet of the second low-pressure heat exchanger.
4. The system of claim 3, wherein when the system is storing energy, the first three-way valve is controlled to enable the first port to be communicated with the third port and the second port to be closed; controlling the second three-way valve to enable the first port of the second three-way valve to be communicated with the second port and the third port of the second three-way valve to be closed; controlling the fourth three-way valve to enable the first port of the fourth three-way valve to be communicated with the second port and the third port of the fourth three-way valve to be closed; and controlling the third three-way valve to enable the first port to be communicated with the second port and the third port to be closed.
5. The system of claim 3, wherein when the system releases energy to generate electricity, the first three-way valve is controlled to enable the second port to be communicated with the third port, and the first port is closed; controlling the second three-way valve to enable the first port of the second three-way valve to be communicated with the third port, and closing the second port; controlling the fourth three-way valve to enable the first port of the fourth three-way valve to be communicated with the third port and the second port of the fourth three-way valve to be closed; and controlling the third three-way valve to enable the second port to be communicated with the third port, and closing the first port.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the driving unit is a driving motor or a wind turbine; when the driving unit is a driving motor, one or more of nuclear power, wind power, solar power generation, hydroelectric power or tidal power generation is used as a power supply.
7. The system according to claim 1, wherein the total pressure ratio of the energy storage compressor set or the energy release compressor set is between 5 and 40; when the compressor unit comprises a plurality of compressors, the compressors are in a coaxial series connection mode or a split-shaft parallel connection mode; in the parallel connection mode, each branch shaft is movably connected with the main driving shaft.
8. The system according to claim 1, wherein the total expansion ratio of the energy storage expansion unit or the energy release expansion unit is between 5 and 40; when the expansion machine set comprises a plurality of expansion machines, the plurality of expansion machines are in a coaxial series connection mode or a split-shaft parallel connection mode; in the parallel connection mode, each branch shaft is movably connected with the main driving shaft.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein the heat storage unit and the cold storage unit are cylinders, spheres or cuboids, and the energy storage medium is one or a combination of at least two of rocks, sand and stones, metal particles or solid bricks.
10. The system of claim 1, wherein the circulating gas working medium in the heat pump heating refrigeration energy storage loop, the cold and hot energy heat engine power generation loop, the indirect heat storage loop and the indirect cold storage loop is one or a mixture of at least two of argon, helium, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen or air.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110206598A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-09-06 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | It is a kind of based on the heat pump energy-storing and power-generating system for storing up cold heat accumulation indirectly |
| CN114837764A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-08-02 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Regenerative heat pump electricity storage system |
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2019
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110206598A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-09-06 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | It is a kind of based on the heat pump energy-storing and power-generating system for storing up cold heat accumulation indirectly |
| CN110206598B (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2022-04-01 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Heat pump energy storage power generation system based on indirect cold storage and heat storage |
| CN114837764A (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2022-08-02 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Regenerative heat pump electricity storage system |
| CN114837764B (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2023-08-01 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Regenerative heat pump electricity storage system |
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