CN210358490U - Treatment device for accelerating refuse mineralization of refuse landfill based on pulse electric field - Google Patents
Treatment device for accelerating refuse mineralization of refuse landfill based on pulse electric field Download PDFInfo
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- CN210358490U CN210358490U CN201920795346.3U CN201920795346U CN210358490U CN 210358490 U CN210358490 U CN 210358490U CN 201920795346 U CN201920795346 U CN 201920795346U CN 210358490 U CN210358490 U CN 210358490U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a treatment device for accelerating refuse mineralization of refuse landfill based on pulse electric field, which comprises a landfill tower body, wherein a gravel filter layer is laid at the bottom in the landfill tower body, a percolate outlet is positioned below the gravel filter layer, at least one refuse layer is buried above the gravel filter layer, a middle covering layer is laid between adjacent refuse layers, quartz sand is laid above the top refuse layer, and a gas collection space is reserved; a plurality of vertically inserted electrode rods are arranged in the garbage layer, and the electrode rods comprise high-voltage electrode rods and low-voltage electrode rods which are arranged at intervals; the high-voltage electrode bar and the low-voltage electrode bar are respectively externally connected with the anode and the cathode of the pulse power supply. The utility model discloses utilize pulse electric field, arouse the microorganism in the landfill to the degradation activity of organic matter, accelerate the mineralize mineralization process of rubbish.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a solid waste handles technical field, concretely relates to processing apparatus based on pulse electric field accelerates landfill rubbish mineralization.
Background
Landfill is still one of the main methods for garbage disposal in China. At present, 57.2% of domestic garbage in China is treated in a landfill mode. However, the mineralization of the garbage in the household garbage landfill is a long-term process and can be completed after many years of stabilization, so that the mineralization of the garbage is time-consuming and labor-consuming, and the treatment efficiency of the garbage landfill is weakened. The mineralization of the garbage in the landfill is mainly completed by degrading organic matters by microorganisms, so that the degradation activity of the microorganisms on the organic matters is improved, and the method has important significance for accelerating the mineralization speed of the landfill, realizing the rapid self-compatibilization of the landfill and reducing the operation cost of the garbage landfill.
For example, chinese patent application publication No. CN109174926A discloses a method for filling domestic garbage, which comprises the steps of uniformly mixing construction wooden garbage with garbage filling field covering soil to obtain a first filler, leveling to obtain a first filler layer, covering the first filler layer with the domestic garbage, leveling to obtain a domestic garbage layer, finally uniformly mixing the construction waste soil with the garbage filling field covering soil to obtain a second filler, covering the domestic garbage with the second filler, and leveling to obtain a second filler layer.
At present, a method for accelerating the stabilization process of a landfill by using a pulse electric field is rarely seen.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses to the technical problem of traditional landfill rubbish mineralization time overlength, provide a processing method based on pulse electric field accelerates landfill rubbish mineralization, utilize pulse electric field, arouse the degradation activity of microorganism to organic matter in the landfill rubbish, accelerate the mineralization process of rubbish.
A treatment device for accelerating refuse mineralization of a refuse landfill based on a pulse electric field comprises a landfill tower body, wherein a gravel filter layer is paved at the bottom in the landfill tower body, a percolate outlet is positioned below the gravel filter layer, at least one refuse layer is buried above the gravel filter layer, a middle covering layer is paved between adjacent refuse layers, quartz sand is paved above the top refuse layer, and a gas collection space is reserved; a plurality of vertically inserted electrode rods are arranged in the garbage layer, and the electrode rods comprise high-voltage electrode rods and low-voltage electrode rods which are arranged at intervals; the high-voltage electrode bar and the low-voltage electrode bar are respectively externally connected with the anode and the cathode of the pulse power supply.
Preferably, the distance between adjacent electrode bars in the garbage layer is 1 cm-30 cm.
Preferably, the electrode rods are distributed in concentric circles, and the electrode rods are arranged in a staggered mode between adjacent concentric circles; the high-voltage electrode rods and the low-voltage electrode rods are arranged on each concentric circle at intervals.
Preferably, the high-voltage electrode rod and the low-voltage electrode rod are both wrapped in an insulating mode. Preferably, ceramics are used.
Preferably, the high-voltage electrode rod and the low-voltage electrode rod are vertically inserted into the garbage layer.
The treatment method for accelerating the refuse mineralization of the refuse landfill based on the pulse electric field comprises the following steps:
(1) a gravel filter layer for collecting and discharging percolate is laid at the bottom in the reaction device;
(2) at least one garbage layer is buried above the gravel filter layer, and an intermediate covering layer is laid between adjacent garbage layers; a plurality of groups of high-voltage electrode rods and low-voltage electrode rods are distributed in each layer of garbage layer, and the high-voltage electrode rods and the low-voltage electrode rods are respectively externally connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a pulse power supply;
(3) quartz sand is laid above the top garbage layer, and the reaction device is sealed after a landfill gas collecting space is reserved;
(4) and switching on a pulse power supply to react and control the voltage amplitude, pulse frequency and power of the electric pulse.
When high-voltage pulse is applied to the electrodes, the garbage buried layer forms a pulse electric field. The electric pulse has the advantages that parameters such as voltage amplitude, electrode spacing, pulse frequency and power of the electric pulse are controlled, microorganisms of the landfill layer can be activated, and the pulse electric field can improve the rate of the microorganisms for mineralizing the garbage, so that the effect of accelerating the mineralization of the garbage in the landfill is achieved. In addition, the applied pulse electric field also has a certain degradation effect on the landfill leachate.
Preferably, the distance between the high-voltage electrode rod and the low-voltage electrode rod in each group of high-voltage electrode rods and low-voltage electrode rods is 5-30.
Preferably, the high-voltage electrode rod and the low-voltage electrode rod are both wrapped in an insulating mode.
Preferably, the landfill density of the garbage layer is 0.7-0.8t/m3。
The applied electrical pulses may be square waves, triangular waves, sine waves, etc. Preferably a unipolar square wave.
Preferably, the voltage amplitude is 5 kV-50 kV; the pulse frequency is 5 Hz-500 Hz; the power is 10W-2000W.
Further preferably, the voltage amplitude is 10-30 kV; the pulse frequency is 20-100 Hz; the power is 100-800W.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
(1) by pulse voltage, the microbial activity of the landfill is improved, the degradation speed of the household garbage is accelerated, the stabilization process of the landfill is accelerated, and the landfill volume of the landfill is expanded;
(2) the physical and chemical properties of the leachate quickly tend to be stable, pollutants such as COD (chemical oxygen demand), ammonia nitrogen and the like in the leachate are quickly reduced, and the release of liquid pollutants in a landfill is reduced;
(3) the release of the landfill gas is centralized and controllable, and the comprehensive utilization and pollution control of the landfill gas are facilitated.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of an electrode distribution.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of a pulsed electric field on the pH of landfill leachate.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing the effect of the pulsed electric field on the landfill leachate VFA.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effect of the pulsed electric field on the COD of the leachate from a landfill.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of the impact of a pulsed electric field on the TOC of landfill leachate.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the effect of the pulsed electric field on the biodegradability of the landfill.
The reference numerals shown in fig. 1 and 2 are as follows:
1-landfill tower 2-percolate outlet 3-gravel filter layer
4-first refuse layer 5-intermediate covering layer 6-second refuse layer
7-landfill gas outlet 8-pulse power supply 9-high voltage electrode
10-low voltage electrode
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a treatment device for accelerating mineralization of landfill waste by using a pulsed electric field is described by taking a landfill two-layer waste layer as an example, and comprises a landfill tower 1, wherein a percolate outlet 2 is formed on the side wall of the bottom of the landfill tower, a gravel filter layer 3 is laid in the landfill tower and above the percolate outlet, a first waste layer 4 is buried above the gravel filter layer 3, an intermediate covering layer 5 is laid on the top surface of the first waste layer, a second waste layer 6 is buried on the top surface of the intermediate covering layer 5, 5cm quartz sand is covered on the top surface of the second waste layer, 5% of space is left in a landfill reactor for collection of landfill gas, and then the reactor is sealed, and a landfill gas outlet 7 is formed at the top of the landfill tower.
A plurality of high-voltage electrodes 9 and low-voltage electrodes 10 are arranged in the first garbage layer and the second garbage layer, the high-voltage electrodes and the low-voltage electrodes are all electrode rods and are vertically inserted into the garbage layers, and insulating materials are wrapped on the surfaces of the high-voltage electrodes and the surfaces of the low-voltage electrode tubes and are connected with a pulse power supply through wires with insulating skins. The electrode units are vertically inserted into the garbage layer and basically penetrate through the whole garbage layer, and the distance between every two adjacent electrode rods is 1 cm-30 cm.
In a preferred distribution mode of the electrode rods, as shown in fig. 2, the center of the circle is a high voltage electrode rod, a plurality of layers of concentric circles are distributed by taking the center of the circle as the center, the electrode rods are distributed in a staggered manner between adjacent concentric circles, and the high voltage electrode and the low voltage electrode are distributed at intervals on each concentric circle.
The thickness of the gravel filter layer is 5-15 cm, and the diameter of the gravel is 2-3 cm; the low-voltage electrode bar is made of stainless steel; the high-voltage electrode bar is made of stainless steel; the middle covering layer can adopt an clay layer, and the filling thickness is about 15 cm.
The high voltage electrode and the low voltage electrode are uniformly distributed (fig. 2 is an example of the electrode distribution). When high-voltage pulse is applied to the electrodes, the garbage buried layer forms a pulse electric field. The electric pulse has the advantages that parameters such as voltage amplitude, electrode spacing, pulse frequency and power of the electric pulse are controlled, microorganisms of the landfill layer can be activated, and the pulse electric field can improve the rate of the microorganisms for mineralizing the garbage, so that the effect of accelerating the mineralization of the garbage in the landfill is achieved. In addition, the applied pulse electric field also has a certain degradation effect on the landfill leachate.
When the reactor is in operation, the pulse power supply is switched on, and leachate and household garbage are sampled at the leachate outlet to carry out related physical and chemical index determination.
The applied electrical pulses may be square waves, triangular waves, sine waves, etc. Preferably, the interval between the unipolar square wave and the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode is 5-30mm, the voltage amplitude is 5-50 kV, the pulse frequency is 5-500 Hz, and the power is 10-2000W.
Example 1
Before the device runs, a gravel filter layer with the thickness of 10cm is paved at the bottom of the biological reaction device and is used for collecting and discharging percolate. The high-voltage electrode rod and the low-voltage electrode rod are uniformly arranged on the upper part of the gravel layer, and the electrode rods are wrapped by an insulator. The domestic garbage is filled around the electrode bar on the upper part of the gravel layer and is continuously compacted, so that the density of the domestic garbage reaches 0.7-0.8t/m3The height of the landfill reaches 90 percent of the height of the landfill body. Then, quartz sand having a thickness of 5cm was laid over the landfill layer, and the landfill reactor left 5% of the space for landfill gas collection, after which the reactor was sealed.
When the reactor is in operation, the pulse power supply is switched on, the leachate and the domestic garbage are sampled at the leachate outlet, and the relevant physicochemical indexes are measured.
Fig. 3-6 are graphs comparing the physical and chemical properties of leachate generated by the landfill reactor of the present invention with those of the conventional landfill reactor.
As can be seen from figure 3, when the landfill was operated for 119 days, the pH of the landfill leachate containing the pulsed electric field rose to around 7.5 and remained above 7.5 thereafter (figure 6). Meanwhile, the pH of the leachate of the control landfill (without the covering layer of the household garbage incinerator slag) is always below 7.0. This indicates that a large amount of acidic materials in landfill leachate containing pulsed electric fields are degraded at an accelerated rate. This result was verified by the monitoring of VFA in the leachate. As shown in FIG. 3, when the landfill was operated for 129 days, the VFA concentration in the landfill leachate containing the pulsed electric field rapidly dropped and remained around 1000 mg/L. While the VFA concentration of the control landfill is still kept above 15000 mg/L. The above results indicate that the pulsed electric field accelerates the degradation process of organic acids in leachate.
The COD and TOC concentrations in the leachate varied substantially in accordance with the VFA results (fig. 4). The COD concentration and the TOC concentration of the landfill leachate containing the pulse electric field are rapidly reduced at 129 days, when the landfill leachate runs to 200 days, the COD concentration is kept at about 5000mg/L, and the TOC concentration is kept at about 2500 mg/L. In contrast, the COD concentration of the leachate of the control landfill is still more than 50000mg/L, and the TOC concentration is still kept more than 12000 mg/L. The result shows that the pulsed electric field can accelerate the degradation process of the organic matters in the leachate.
Fig. 5 is a graph comparing the change of the Biodegradability (BDM) in the domestic garbage using the landfill reactor of the present invention and the conventional landfill reactor. A lower BDM means more complete waste degradation. As shown in fig. 5, the pulsed electric field landfill has significantly lower domestic waste than the control landfill, meaning that the pulsed electric field accelerates the degradation of the domestic waste in the landfill.
By synthesizing the changes of pH, VFA, COD, TOC and BDM of the leachate, the pulsed electric field can obviously accelerate the stabilization of the landfill, namely the process of the mineralization process, thereby increasing the storage capacity of the landfill, which has great significance for China with scarce land resources.
The above description is only the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the relevant art can also make changes or modifications within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A treatment device for accelerating refuse mineralization of a refuse landfill based on a pulse electric field comprises a landfill tower body, wherein a gravel filtering layer is laid at the bottom in the landfill tower body, a percolate outlet is positioned below the gravel filtering layer, at least one refuse layer is buried above the gravel filtering layer, a middle covering layer is laid between adjacent refuse layers, quartz sand is laid above the top refuse layer, and a gas collecting space is reserved; the garbage disposal device is characterized in that a plurality of vertically inserted electrode rods are arranged in the garbage layer, and the electrode rods comprise high-voltage electrode rods and low-voltage electrode rods which are arranged at intervals; the high-voltage electrode bar and the low-voltage electrode bar are respectively externally connected with the anode and the cathode of the pulse power supply.
2. The processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the spacing between adjacent electrode rods in the refuse layer is 1cm to 30 cm.
3. The processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the electrode rods are distributed in concentric circles, and the electrode rods are staggered between adjacent concentric circles; the high-voltage electrode rods and the low-voltage electrode rods are arranged on each concentric circle at intervals.
4. The processing device according to claim 1, wherein the high voltage electrode rod and the low voltage electrode rod are wrapped in an insulating way.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112620311A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-09 | 西安理工大学 | High-voltage nanosecond pulse-based auxiliary degradation device and method for abandoned medical protective clothing |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112620311A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-09 | 西安理工大学 | High-voltage nanosecond pulse-based auxiliary degradation device and method for abandoned medical protective clothing |
| CN112620311B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2022-09-13 | 西安理工大学 | High-voltage nanosecond pulse-based auxiliary degradation device and method for abandoned medical protective clothing |
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Effective date of registration: 20210708 Address after: 318001 east 4, east 5, building 27, Jianan community, Taizhou Development Zone, Zhejiang Province Patentee after: Taizhou Xuefu Ecological Environment Research Center Co.,Ltd. Address before: 318000 No. 1139, Shifu Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou, Zhejiang. Patentee before: TAIZHOU University |