CN210327343U

CN210327343U - Food waste disposer and low-profile horsepower-division DC brush motor

Info

Publication number: CN210327343U
Application number: CN201790001506.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 威廉·斯特鲁茨; 查尔斯·法拉戈
Original assignee: Emerson Electric Co
Current assignee: Emerson Electric Co
Priority date: 2016-12-12
Filing date: 2017-12-06
Publication date: 2020-04-14
Anticipated expiration: 2027-12-06
Also published as: WO2018111646A1

Abstract

The utility model relates to a food waste disposer and be used for food waste disposer's low type horsepower DC to have the brush motor, this low type horsepower DC of dividing has the brush motor to have discoid commutator and discoid lamination. The ratio of the diameter to the height of the lamination stack is in the range of 6.0 to 1 to 8.0 to 1. The ratio of the diameter to the height of the disk-shaped commutator is in the range of 10.0 to 1 to 15.0 to 1. The ratio of the diameter of the commutator to the diameter of the lamination stack is in the range of 0.5 to 1.0. In one aspect, a food waste disposer has a motor section that includes a low-profile horsepower DC brushed motor.

Description

Food waste disposer and low-profile horsepower-division DC brush motor

Cross Reference to Related Applications

This application claims benefit of U.S. provisional application No.62/432,998 filed on 12.12.2016. The entire disclosure of the above application is incorporated herein by reference.

Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to low profile fractional horsepower direct current ("DC") brushed motors.

Background

This section provides background information related to the present disclosure that is not necessarily prior art.

As is common in the art, the term fractional horsepower DC brushed motor is a DC motor having a power rating of one horsepower or less, typically less than one horsepower. As understood in the art and as used herein, rated power is a measure of how much work the motor can do without overheating. More specifically, it is the maximum horsepower that the motor can provide under normal, continuous operation, or for a particular period of time under particular conditions. In the case of a food waste disposer, this period of time typically does not exceed twenty minutes. The rated horsepower is based on the full load torque and the full load speed of the motor, and is calculated as the product of the full load speed and the full load torque. The rated power is defined under rated motor input voltage and frequency conditions.

The DC brushed motor has a wound armature having a lamination stack in which coil windings are wound in slots of the lamination stack, and either a wound stator having coil windings wound in slots in a yoke of the stator or a permanent magnet stator having a plurality of permanent magnet pole groups. The permanent magnet pole set is a pair of permanent magnets mounted to the inner surface of the housing of the stator on opposite sides of the stator such that they are located on opposite sides of the armature. They are oriented with opposite magnetic polarities such that the north pole of one permanent magnet faces radially inward toward the armature and the south pole of the other permanent magnet faces radially inward toward the armature. The armature has a shaft extending through the center of the lamination stack. A barrel commutator having a plurality of conductive segments connected to the ends of the coil windings of the armature is mounted on the armature shaft. The number of conductive commutator segments is typically the same as the number of gaps (slots) in the laminations and the number of coils. Preferably, prime numbers (3, 7, 11, 13, 17, etc.) of segments, gaps, and coils are used to obtain optimal motor performance. However, any number of sections, gaps, and coils may be used, except for the possibility of increased switching spikes and noise. The number of commutator segments and coils can be increased by a factor of 2 or 4 to accommodate a factor of 2 or 4 of 120 volts while the number of lamination slots and the number of poles remain the same as for a 120 volt design. The outer surface of the conductive segment faces radially outward and provides a radially outward facing brush contact surface for contact by a brush of the motor. The brushes are connected to a DC power source and provide DC power to the armature via a commutator. Many DC brushed motors have a bridge rectifier to run directly through the usual household electrical circuit with 120 volts ac and capable of handling 15 amps or 20 amps of current. In some cases, the bridge rectifier is part of the motor, in other cases, the bridge rectifier is separate from the motor.

Conventional fractional horsepower DC brushed motors typically have small diameter armatures in which the lamination stack of the armature has an outer diameter of 0.5 to 2.0 inches, and the motor has a radial air gap of about 0.040 inches between the outer diameter of the lamination stack of the armature and the inner diameter of the stator (whether a wound or permanent magnet stator). These motors typically have a commutator diameter of about 60% of the diameter of the lamination stack of the armature and 0.5 inches to 1.0 inches long. The brushes, which are typically two, are held in brush holders on opposite sides of the commutator and extend radially to the commutator, and the brushes are pressed against the outer surface of the commutator, typically by spring force. The brush holder is supported by the frame structure of the motor, which also supports the stator and has bearings or bushings that entrain the armature shaft. While some such motors have one bearing or bushing on one side of the lamination stack, other such motors have bearings or bushings on both sides of the lamination stack. Many fractional horsepower DC brushed motors have bridge rectifiers to run directly through typical household electrical circuits having 120 volts ac and capable of handling 15 amps or 20 amps of current. In some cases, the bridge rectifier is part of the motor, and in other cases, it is separate from the motor.

Another type of DC motor, known as a disc armature motor, has a printed circuit (disc) armature with a thickness of less than 0.2 inches, and brushes commutate directly on the axial armature windings. This type of motor typically has a lower height profile in the axial direction than the conventional split horsepower DC brushed motors described above. Printed circuit (disk) motors cannot handle the high locked-rotor currents that conventional split-horsepower DC brushed motors can handle. The disc motor tends to be overheated easily because the armature mass of the disc motor is small. Typically, a controller must be used to limit the amount of voltage, current, and amount of time at which the rotor is locked or under high torque, low speed conditions. This may limit performance and increase overall system cost. Furthermore, the cost of a disc armature type motor is up to ten times that of a conventional fractional horsepower DC brushed motor.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

This section provides a general summary of the disclosure, and is not a comprehensive disclosure of its full scope or all of its features.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a low-profile DC brushed motor has a frame supporting a stator. The motor has an armature with a disc-shaped lamination stack with coil windings. The lamination stack is secured to an armature shaft extending through the lamination stack. The ratio of the diameter to the height of the lamination stack is in the range of 6.0 to 1 to 8.0 to 1. The motor has a disc-shaped commutator fixed to an armature shaft and having a brush contact surface facing radially outward, the brush contact surface contacting a brush of the motor in a radial direction, the brush of the motor being held in a brush holder of the motor. The diameter to height ratio of the commutator diameter to height is in the range of 10.0 to 1 to 15.0 to 1. The ratio of the diameter of the commutator to the diameter of the lamination stack is in the range of 0.5 to 1.0.

In one aspect, the lamination stack has a diameter in the range of 4.0 inches to 6.0 inches.

In one aspect, the motor has a horsepower rating, the commutator has a diameter of 3.0 inches and a height of 0.25 inches, and the lamination stack has a diameter of 5.0 inches and a height of 0.75 inches.

In one aspect, the motor is a DC permanent magnet motor having a permanent magnet stator including a stator housing to which one or more permanent magnet pole pairs are secured.

In one aspect, the motor is a universal motor having a wound stator including a stator yoke wound with stator coil windings.

In one aspect, a food waste disposer has a motor section including a low-profile DC brushed motor. The food waste disposer has a food conveying section and a grinding and discharge section disposed between the food conveying section and the motor section. The polishing and discharging section has a polishing section and a discharging section. The grinding section includes a grinding mechanism having a stationary grinding ring and a rotating shredder plate assembly. The rotating shredder plate assembly includes a rotatable shredder plate having lugs and the grinding section includes a grinding housing that surrounds the grinding mechanism and holds a stationary grinding ring.

Further areas of applicability will become apparent from the description provided herein. The description and specific examples in this summary are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.

Drawings

The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only of selected embodiments and not all implementations, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a low profile split horsepower permanent magnet DC brushed motor, according to an aspect of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a commutator of the motor of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a lamination stack of the motor of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a universal low profile split horsepower motor according to one aspect of the present disclosure; and

fig. 5 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a food waste disposer having the low-profile motor of fig. 1 or 4 in accordance with an aspect of the present disclosure.

Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views of the drawings.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a low-profile fractional horsepower DC brushed motor 100 (fig. 1) or a low-profile fractional horsepower universal motor 100' (fig. 4) has a frame 102 supporting a stator 104 and a brush holder 106. It should be understood that low profile, as used herein, means that the motors 100 and 100' have a reduced height as compared to conventional split horsepower brushed motors having the same power rating.

In the example of fig. 1, the low-profile, split-horsepower DC brushed motor 100 is a permanent magnet DC motor. The stator 104 has a housing 105. illustratively, the housing 105 is a steel tube, but may be other structures and other ferromagnetic materials. One or more magnetic pole groups 108 are fixed to the stator housing 105. Each magnetic pole group 108 includes a pair of permanent magnets 110 on opposite sides of the stator housing 105 from each other. The stator housing 105 surrounds the armature 112. In the example of fig. 1, the motor 100 is a two-pole motor having a stator with one pole group 108, wherein one of the magnets 110 of the pole group 108 is oriented with its north pole facing the armature 112 and the other of the magnets 110 of the pole group 108 is oriented with its south pole facing the armature 112. It should be appreciated that the motor 100 may have an integer multiple of 2 (e.g., 4, 6, 8, etc.) poles, the stator 104 has pole groups 108 in groups of two poles each, and the magnets 110 of each pole group 108 are secured to the stator housing 105 and oriented to provide successive alternating north and south poles.

Armature 112 includes lamination stack 114, armature shaft 116, and coil winding 118, armature shaft 116 extending through lamination stack 114 and lamination stack 114 secured to armature shaft 116, coil winding 118 wound in a slot (not shown) of lamination stack 114, and terminal turns 120 of coil winding 118 extending around opposite ends of lamination stack 114. The armature shaft 116 is entrained for rotation in a bearing 117 of the motor frame 102. It should be understood that a bushing may be used instead of a bearing. Although the embodiment of fig. 1 has a bearing 117 on one side of the motor 100, as at the bottom oriented in fig. 1, it should be understood that the motor frame 102 may have a second bearing (or bushing) on the opposite side of the lamination stack 114 (as at the top side oriented in fig. 1) in which the armature shaft 116 is entrained for rotation.

Armature shaft 116 has a disc-shaped commutator 122 secured to one side of lamination stack 114 and coil winding 118. Commutator 122 has a disc-shaped body 124, disc-shaped body 124 including a plurality of conductive segments 126 (best shown in fig. 2) insulated from one another by insulating support cores 128. The conductive sections 126 are equally spaced around the disc-shaped body 124. In one aspect, the insulating support core 128 is a molded piece of non-conductive plastic, with the conductive section 126 being insert molded into the insulating support core 128 during molding of the insulating support core 128 to form the disc-shaped body 124. Each conductive segment 126 is in the shape of a truncated triangle having an arcuate radially inner end 130 and an arcuate radially outer end 132. A radially outwardly facing surface 134 of radially outer end 132 provides a brush contact surface 136. One individual end 137 of the coil winding 118 is connected to a corresponding one of the conductive segments 126 of the commutator 122. As the commutator 122 rotates during operation of the motor 100, the brush contact surface 136 of each conducting segment 126 is contacted by each brush 138 of the motor 100 as the brush contact surface 136 passes the brush 138. In the example shown in fig. 1, since the motor 100 is a two-pole motor, the motor 100 has two brushes 138 on opposite sides of the commutator 122. Each brush 138 is held in each brush holder 106. The output of the rectifier 142 is connected to each brush 138. Although the rectifier 142 is shown as part of the motor 100 in the embodiment of fig. 1, it should be understood that the rectifier 142 may be separate from the motor 100.

In one aspect, the cross-section of the conductive section 126 from the inner end 130 to the outer end 132 is generally U-shaped, with the inner end 130 and the outer end 132 extending downward (as oriented in fig. 1) from the top section 131 of the conductive section 126 such that the top section 131 is the bend of the U-shape. The insulating support core 128 fills the gap between the inner end 130 and the outer end 132 and the gap between the inner end 130 and the metal hub 133 through which the armature shaft 116 extends.

Referring to fig. 2, commutator 122 has a diameter 144 and a height 146. Referring to fig. 3, lamination stack 114 has a diameter 148 and a height 150. The ratio of the diameter 144 to the height 146 of the diverter 122 is in the range of 10.0 to 1 to 15.0 to 1. The ratio of diameter 148 to height 150 of lamination stack 114 is in the range of 6.0 to 1 to 8.0 to 1. The ratio of the diameter 144 of commutator 122 to the diameter 148 of lamination stack 114 is in the range of 0.5 to 1.0. In one aspect, the lamination stack has a diameter in the range of 4.0 inches to 6.0 inches.

In the example, the motor 100 has a one horsepower rating. In this example, commutator 122 has a diameter of 3.0 inches and a height of 0.25 inches, and lamination stack 114 has a diameter of 5.0 inches and a height of 0.75 inches.

In the example of fig. 4, the low-profile, split-horsepower DC brushed motor 100' is a universal motor. The motor 100' has a stator 404, the stator 404 being a wound stator having a stator yoke 400, the stator yoke 400 having one or more pairs of pole pieces 402 wound with stator coil windings 405. The stator 404 has a pair of pole pieces 402 with a respective stator coil winding 405 for each pole 402. As in the case of the permanent magnet DC motor 100 described above with reference to fig. 1, the motor 100' may have poles of two poles or integer multiples of 2 (4, 6, 8, etc.). The motor 100' is otherwise identical to the motor 100 described above.

The low profile horsepower DC brushed motor may be advantageously used in motorized devices requiring reduced device height. One example is a food waste disposer. Fig. 5 illustrates an example of a food waste disposer 500 having the aforementioned low profile horsepower-split DC brushed motor, such as motor 100 or motor 100'. For convenience, in the following description of the food waste disposer 500, the motor is referred to as motor 100, but it should be understood that the motor could alternatively be motor 100'.

The food waste disposer 500 includes a grinding and discharge section 513 disposed between a food conveying section 516 and a motor section 518. The polishing and discharging portion 513 includes a polishing portion 514 and a discharging portion 515. The grinding section 514 includes a grinding mechanism 519 having a stationary grinding ring 520 and a rotating shredder plate assembly 522. The shredder plate assembly includes a shredder plate 548 to which the lugs 530 are rotatably secured. The lugs 530 are illustratively swivel lugs, but it should be understood that these lugs 530 may be fixed lugs or may include both swivel and fixed lugs.

The grinding section 514 includes a grinding housing 526, the grinding housing 526 enclosing a grinding mechanism 519. The grinding housing 526 may be secured to an upper end socket (UEB)528 of the drain 515 and retain the grinding ring 520. The grind ring 520 is mounted in a fixed (stationary) position within the grind housing 526. The grind ring 520 includes teeth 529. The grind ring 520 may be fixedly attached to the inner surface of the grind housing 526 by an interference fit, and the grind ring 520 may be constructed of, for example, galvanized steel.

The food conveying part 516 includes an inlet housing 531, the inlet housing 531 having a first inlet 532. The first inlet 532 receives food waste and water. The inlet housing 531 may be a metal housing or an injection molded plastic housing. The inlet housing 531 further includes a second inlet 533 for receiving water discharged from a dishwasher (not shown). The inlet housing 531 may be integrally formed with the grind housing 526, such as by injection molding both

housings

526, 531 as a single piece.

The food waste disposer 500 is a typical prior art food waste disposer except for the motor portion 518. Although the motor 100 is wider than prior art brushed DC motors, the motor section 18 is illustratively shorter than similar motor sections of typical prior art food waste disposers referenced above because the motor 100 is shorter.

The foregoing description of the embodiments has been presented for the purposes of illustration and description. This description is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure. Individual elements or features of a particular embodiment are generally not limited to that particular embodiment, but, where applicable, are interchangeable and can be used in a selected embodiment, even if not specifically shown or described. The same elements or features may also be modified in various ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the disclosure, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the disclosure.

Claims

1. A food waste disposer, comprising:

a food conveying section, a motor section, and a grinding and discharging section provided between the food conveying section and the motor section, and having a grinding section and a discharging section;

the grinding section comprising a grinding mechanism having a fixed grinding ring and a rotating shredder plate assembly comprising a rotatable shredder plate having lugs, the grinding section comprising a grinding housing surrounding the grinding mechanism and retaining the fixed grinding ring;

characterized in that the motor part includes a low-profile horsepower DC brushed motor, the low-profile horsepower DC brushed motor including:

a frame supporting the stator;

an armature having a disc-shaped lamination stack with coil windings and fixed to an armature shaft extending through the lamination stack, a diameter to height ratio of the lamination stack to a height being in a range of 6.0 to 1 to 8.0 to 1;

a disc-shaped commutator fixed to the armature shaft and having a brush contact surface facing radially outward, the brush contact surface contacting a brush of the low fractional horsepower DC brushed motor in a radial direction, the brush of the low fractional horsepower DC brushed motor being held in a brush holder of the low fractional horsepower DC brushed motor, a diameter-to-height ratio of a diameter to a height of the commutator being in a range of 10.0 to 1 to 15.0 to 1; and

the ratio of the diameter of the commutator to the diameter of the lamination stack is in the range of 0.5 to 1.0.

2. The food waste disposer of claim 1, wherein the lamination of the armature of the low profile horsepower DC brushed motor has a diameter in the range of 4.0 inches to 6.0 inches.

3. The food waste disposer of claim 1, wherein the low profile horsepower DC brushed motor has a power rating of up to one horsepower, the commutator of the low profile horsepower DC brushed motor has a diameter of 3.0 inches and a height of 0.25 inches, and the lamination stack of the armature of the low profile horsepower DC brushed motor has a diameter of 5.0 inches and a height of 0.75 inches.

4. The food waste disposer of claim 1, wherein the low-profile horsepower DC brushed motor is a permanent magnet DC brushed motor having a permanent magnet stator.

5. The food waste disposer of claim 1, wherein the low profile horsepower DC brushed motor is a universal motor with a wound stator.

6. A low profile horsepower DC brushed motor for a food waste disposer, the low profile horsepower DC brushed motor comprising:

a frame supporting the stator;

7. The low profile horsepower DC brushed motor of claim 6, wherein the lamination stack has a diameter in the range of 4.0 inches to 6.0 inches.

8. The low profile horsepower DC brushed motor of claim 7 having a power rating of up to one horsepower, said commutator having a diameter of 3.0 inches and a height of 0.25 inches, said lamination stack having a diameter of 5.0 inches and a height of 0.75 inches.

9. The low profile horsepower DC brushed motor of claim 6, wherein the low profile horsepower DC brushed motor is a permanent magnet DC brushed motor having a permanent magnet stator.

10. The low profile horsepower DC brushed motor of claim 6, wherein the low profile horsepower DC brushed motor is a universal motor with a wound stator.

11. The low profile horsepower DC brushed motor of claim 6, wherein the low profile horsepower DC brushed motor is included in a motor section of a food waste disposer.