CN210320062U - Garbage incinerator - Google Patents

Garbage incinerator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN210320062U
CN210320062U CN201921066549.5U CN201921066549U CN210320062U CN 210320062 U CN210320062 U CN 210320062U CN 201921066549 U CN201921066549 U CN 201921066549U CN 210320062 U CN210320062 U CN 210320062U
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
fire
barrel
cylindrical
furnace door
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Withdrawn - After Issue
Application number
CN201921066549.5U
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
魏广廷
左涛
魏泓
魏杰
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Chifeng Hongshan Shenghuo Biomass Energy Technology Development Co ltd
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Chifeng Hongshan Shenghuo Biomass Energy Technology Development Co ltd
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Priority to CN201921066549.5U priority Critical patent/CN210320062U/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN210320062U publication Critical patent/CN210320062U/en
Withdrawn - After Issue legal-status Critical Current
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a garbage incinerator, it includes the cylinder second grade combustion chamber of making by refractory material, the lower part periphery of cylinder second grade combustion chamber sets up the one-level combustion chamber, one-level combustion chamber upper portion is equipped with annular bounding wall, annular bounding wall constitutes the annular charge tank for one-level combustion chamber fuel addition with cylinder second grade combustion chamber outer wall, the bottom of one-level combustion chamber is equipped with the grate, the inboard of one-level combustion chamber is equipped with the fire mouth of crossing that a plurality of ring-type distributions of intercommunication second grade combustion chamber, the outside of one-level combustion chamber is equipped with and crosses corresponding furnace gate mouth and furnace gate of fire mouth. The garbage fuel block burning device is suitable for burning garbage fuel blocks, solves the technical problems of burning coking and insufficient and excessive combustion to generate dioxin, has a simple structure and small occupied area, and is suitable for popularization and application in villages and small towns.

Description

Garbage incinerator
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of refuse handling installation, especially, waste incinerator.
Background
The problem of waste disposal has been a significant environmental concern worldwide. The traditional garbage disposal mode mainly comprises two modes of landfill and incineration. Landfill has many defects: the construction of the refuse landfill occupies a large amount of land, which is a nonrenewable resource and is relatively short; secondly, the environment is polluted, and the management cost is increased; because a large amount of organic matters, batteries and other substances enter the refuse landfill, the generated toxic leachate can bring serious pollution to soil and underground water, and from the viewpoint of environmental protection, a refuse landfill leachate permeation prevention and collection treatment system must be established, so that the technical difficulty is improved, the investment is increased, the landfill operation is complex, the management is difficult, and in addition, waste gases of the landfill such as methane, hydrogen sulfide and the like must be treated to ensure that the requirements of explosion prevention and environmental protection are met; and thirdly, resources are wasted, a large amount of garbage is stacked in a landfill, and some substances and energy cannot be utilized, so that the resources are wasted to a certain extent. Compared with landfill treatment, waste incineration is a better treatment mode. Through burning, not only the rubbish volume reduces greatly, can also utilize the heat supply that burns the production simultaneously, reaches the purpose that the energy was recycled. Therefore, the incineration technology has become a garbage disposal technology generally adopted at home and abroad at present.
Most of the domestic garbage such as clothes and packaging bags are made of petroleum products, chlorine-containing plastics and the like, and contain a large amount of chemical substances such as sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl) and the like, and when organic substances in the garbage are combusted in an environment containing chlorine, harmful gases such as dioxin and the like are generated. The dioxin-type hypertoxic substances cause great harm to the environment, effectively control the generation and the diffusion of the dioxin-type substances, and are directly related to the popularization and the application of the garbage incineration technology.
The garbage is thrown on the fire grate in the incinerator for incineration, but when the garbage on the fire grate is burning, the newly thrown garbage instantaneously covers the burning garbage, so that flames are easily extinguished, the garbage is insufficiently incinerated, and harmful gases such as dioxin and the like are easily generated due to the insufficient garbage incineration.
In order to solve the problems of insufficient coking and combustion of the waste incineration and generation of harmful gases such as dioxin, the method is a feasible waste treatment scheme by preparing combustible treatment waste into fuel blocks and then incinerating the fuel blocks on the basis of waste classification treatment. In order to realize the scheme, a boiler suitable for burning the garbage fuel blocks is researched and designed, and the popularization and the application of a garbage incineration treatment technology are directly concerned.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the utility model is to provide a waste incinerator, it is fit for burning the rubbish fuel piece, has solved the technical problem that burning coking problem and burning do not fully produce dioxin too much, and its simple structure, area are little moreover, are fit for popularizing and applying in villages and small towns.
The purpose of the utility model is realized like this: a garbage incinerator is characterized in that: the fire grate type two-stage combustion chamber comprises a cylindrical two-stage combustion chamber made of refractory materials, wherein a first-stage combustion chamber is arranged on the periphery of the lower portion of the cylindrical two-stage combustion chamber, an annular enclosing plate is arranged on the upper portion of the first-stage combustion chamber, an annular feeding groove for adding fuel into the first-stage combustion chamber is formed by the annular enclosing plate and the outer wall of the cylindrical two-stage combustion chamber, a fire grate is arranged at the bottom of the first-stage combustion chamber, a plurality of fire passing openings which are annularly distributed and communicated with the second-stage combustion chamber are formed in the inner side of the first-stage combustion chamber.
Furthermore, a first-stage combustion chamber water jacket is arranged around the first-stage combustion chamber.
Furthermore, the lower part of the secondary combustion chamber is provided with a lower fire observation port and a lower fire observation door which are communicated with the outer side of the primary combustion chamber.
Furthermore, the primary combustion chamber is one or more arc-shaped combustion chambers arranged on the periphery of the lower part of the secondary combustion chamber, an arc-shaped fire grate is arranged at the bottom of each arc-shaped combustion chamber, a plurality of fire passing openings communicated with the secondary combustion chamber are formed in the inner side of the lower part of each arc-shaped combustion chamber, and a furnace door opening and a furnace door are arranged at the position, corresponding to the fire passing openings, of the outer side of each arc-shaped combustion chamber.
Furthermore, the primary combustion chamber is a plurality of independent cylindrical combustion chambers annularly arranged on the periphery of the lower part of the secondary combustion chamber, a round fire grate is arranged at the bottom of each cylindrical combustion chamber, a fire passing port communicated with the secondary combustion chamber is arranged on the inner side of the lower part of each cylindrical combustion chamber, and a furnace door opening and a furnace door are arranged at the position, corresponding to the fire passing port, of the outer side of each cylindrical combustion chamber.
Furthermore, a heat absorption boiler barrel is arranged at the upper part of the secondary combustion chamber, the heat absorption boiler barrel comprises an inner barrel and an outer barrel, a boiler barrel water jacket is arranged between the inner barrel and the outer barrel, a smoke and fire channel is arranged in the inner barrel, and a plurality of heat absorption water pipes with two ends communicated with the water jacket are arranged in the inner barrel.
Furthermore, a middle fire observation port and a middle fire observation air adjusting cover are arranged in the middle of the side surface of the secondary combustion chamber, and an upper fire observation port and an upper fire observation air adjusting cover are arranged on the upper portion of the side surface of the secondary combustion chamber.
Furthermore, a fire door fire viewing opening and a fire door air adjusting cover are arranged on the fire door.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model its advantage lies in:
(1) the utility model discloses divide into the burning process second grade burning, it includes first grade combustion chamber and second grade combustion chamber, first grade combustion chamber is a plurality of cylinder combustion chambers or one or more convex combustion chambers, be equipped with a plurality of fire mouths of crossing that communicate the second grade combustion chamber in its lower part, add the burning of the rubbish fuel piece in the first grade combustion chamber from the bottom, it belongs to oxygen deficiency low temperature burning, rubbish thermal decomposition temperature is steerable within 700 ℃, let rubbish decompose at low temperature under the oxygen deficiency state, at this moment metallic element such as metallic Cu, Fe, Al can not be by the oxidation, can greatly reduce the output of dioxin; meanwhile, the generation amount of HCl is reduced due to anoxic combustion; and is difficult to produce in large quantities under a reducing atmosphere. The secondary combustion chamber is a cylindrical structure made of refractory materials, combustible components in the garbage fuel blocks of the primary combustion chamber are decomposed into combustible gas, the combustible gas is sprayed into the secondary combustion chamber through the fire passing hole, no solid fuel enters the secondary combustion chamber, all the combustible gas and sufficient oxygen are supplied, meanwhile, the refractory materials have the functions of heat preservation and temperature rise, the temperature of the secondary combustion chamber can reach more than 1000 ℃, the flue length enables the flue gas to stay for more than 2s, and the toxic organic gases such as dioxin and the like are completely decomposed and combusted at high temperature.
(2) The garbage fuel blocks added into the primary combustion chamber are combusted from the bottom, under the condition of low-temperature oxygen-deficient combustion, the garbage fuel blocks are basically not coked, even a small amount of cokes exist, the garbage fuel blocks can be discharged from the bottom of the fire grate, or can be hooked out by a furnace hook from a furnace door; the coke is not generated and then covers the garbage fuel block, so that the normal decomposition and combustion of the fuel are not influenced.
(3) Further improved, a water jacket is arranged around the first-stage combustion chamber; on one hand, the waste heat resources can be fully absorbed and utilized, on the other hand, the furnace temperature of the primary combustion chamber is favorably reduced, and the coking of the garbage fuel blocks and the generation of toxic organic gases such as dioxin are avoided.
(4) The improved secondary combustion chamber has the advantages that the heat absorption boiler barrel is arranged on the upper portion of the secondary combustion chamber, the boiler barrel is provided with a heightened flue, accordingly, the smoke exhaust suction is improved, under the condition that no draught fan is added, the primary combustion chamber is guaranteed not to smoke, and the secondary combustion chamber is sufficient in oxygen supply. The hot water produced by the boiler barrel is used as bath water in summer and can be used as a heating source in winter.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a garbage incinerator according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a part of a furnace body of a garbage incinerator according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a furnace body of a garbage incinerator according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a partially cut-away perspective structure of a body of a garbage incinerator according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a sectional three-dimensional structure of a heat absorption drum of the garbage incinerator;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a garbage incinerator according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a plan view of a furnace body part of a garbage incinerator according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a furnace body of a garbage incinerator according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a partially cut-away perspective structure of a body of a garbage incinerator according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of the door opening and door of the new garbage incinerator.
In the figure: 1-refractory material, 2-secondary combustion chamber, 3-annular coaming, 4-fire passing opening, 5-furnace door opening, 6-furnace door, 7-primary combustion chamber water jacket, 8-lower fire viewing opening, 9-lower fire viewing opening, 10-cylindrical combustion chamber, 11-circular fire grate, 12-circular arc combustion chamber, 13-circular arc fire grate, 14-heat absorption boiler barrel, 15-inner barrel, 16-outer barrel, 17-boiler barrel water jacket, 18-heat absorption water pipe, 19-middle fire viewing opening, 20-middle fire adjusting cover, 21-upper fire viewing opening, 22-upper fire adjusting cover, 23-furnace door fire viewing opening and 24-furnace door adjusting cover.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 10, a garbage incinerator comprises a cylindrical secondary combustion chamber 2 made of refractory material 1, a primary combustion chamber is arranged on the periphery of the lower part of the cylindrical secondary combustion chamber 2, an annular enclosing plate 3 is arranged on the upper part of the primary combustion chamber, an annular charging groove for adding fuel to the primary combustion chamber is formed by the annular enclosing plate 3 and the outer wall of the cylindrical secondary combustion chamber 2, the primary combustion chamber is a circular arc combustion chamber 12 arranged on the periphery of the lower part of the secondary combustion chamber 2, an arc fire grate 13 is arranged at the bottom of the circular arc combustion chamber 12, 14 fire passing openings 4 communicated with the secondary combustion chamber are arranged on the inner side of the lower part of the circular arc combustion chamber 12, and a furnace door opening 5 and a furnace door 6 are arranged at the position, corresponding to the fire passing openings 4, on the outer side of; each furnace door 6 is provided with a furnace door fire observation opening 23 and a furnace door air adjusting cover 24; a primary combustion chamber water jacket 7 is arranged around the primary combustion chamber; the lower part of the secondary combustion chamber 2 is provided with a lower fire observation port 8 and a lower fire observation door 9 which are communicated with the outer side of the primary combustion chamber; the middle part of the side surface of the secondary combustion chamber 2 is provided with a middle fire observation opening 19 and a middle fire observation air adjusting cover 20, and the upper part of the side surface of the secondary combustion chamber 2 is provided with an upper fire observation opening 21 and an upper fire observation air adjusting cover 22. The upper part of the secondary combustion chamber 2 is provided with a heat absorption boiler barrel 14, the heat absorption boiler barrel 14 comprises an inner barrel 15 and an outer barrel 16, a boiler barrel water jacket 17 is arranged between the inner barrel 15 and the outer barrel 16, a smoke and fire channel is arranged in the inner barrel 15, and a plurality of heat absorption water pipes 18 with two ends communicated with the boiler barrel water jacket 17 are arranged in the inner barrel 15.
Example 2: as shown in fig. 6, 7, 8, 9, 5 and 10, a garbage incinerator comprises a cylindrical secondary combustion chamber 2 made of refractory material 1, a primary combustion chamber is arranged at the periphery of the lower part of the cylindrical secondary combustion chamber 2, an annular enclosing plate 3 is arranged at the upper part of the primary combustion chamber, an annular charging groove for adding fuel to the primary combustion chamber is formed by the annular enclosing plate 3 and the outer wall of the cylindrical secondary combustion chamber 2, the primary combustion chamber is 14 independent cylindrical combustion chambers 10 which are annularly arranged at the periphery of the lower part of the secondary combustion chamber 2, a circular fire grate 11 is arranged at the bottom of each cylindrical combustion chamber 10, a fire passing port 4 communicated with the secondary combustion chamber 2 is arranged at the inner side of the lower part of each cylindrical combustion chamber 10, and a furnace 5 and a furnace door 6 are arranged at the position, corresponding to the fire passing port 4, of the outer side of each cylindrical combustion chamber 10; each furnace door 6 is provided with a furnace door fire observation opening 23 and a furnace door air adjusting cover 24; a primary combustion chamber water jacket 7 is arranged around the primary combustion chamber; the lower part of the secondary combustion chamber 2 is provided with a lower fire observation port 8 and a lower fire observation door 9 which are communicated with the outer side of the primary combustion chamber; the middle part of the side surface of the secondary combustion chamber 2 is provided with a middle fire observation opening 19 and a middle fire observation air adjusting cover 20, and the upper part of the side surface of the secondary combustion chamber 2 is provided with an upper fire observation opening 21 and an upper fire observation air adjusting cover 22. The upper part of the secondary combustion chamber 2 is provided with a heat absorption boiler barrel 14, the heat absorption boiler barrel 14 comprises an inner barrel 15 and an outer barrel 16, a boiler barrel water jacket 17 is arranged between the inner barrel 15 and the outer barrel 16, a smoke and fire channel is arranged in the inner barrel 15, and a plurality of heat absorption water pipes 18 with two ends communicated with the boiler barrel water jacket 17 are arranged in the inner barrel 15.
And (3) detection report:
detecting an object: garbage incinerator of embodiment 2
Fuel: the fuel block is 3cm multiplied by 3cm
Detection unit: jiangsu micro-spectrum detection technology Co., Ltd
Detection standard: determination of environmental air and waste gas dioxins, isotope dilution high-resolution gas chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry HJ77.2-2008
And (3) detection results:
6 months and 1 day in 2019, 9: 56-11: 56, and the detected dioxin is 0.0032 ngTEQ/m3(ii) a 12: 10-14: 10 in 1 st 6 th 2019, and the dioxin is detected to be 0.0020 ngTEQ/m3(ii) a 14: 42-16: 42 in 1 st 6 th 2019, and detecting that dioxin is 0.0840ngTEQ/m3(ii) a The minimum detection result is 0.0020 ngTEQ/m3At most 0.0840ngTEQ/m3. Is obviously lower than the national standard of 0.1 ngTEQ/m3And international universal standard 1.0 ngTEQ/m3
It should be finally noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can simply modify or replace the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A garbage incinerator is characterized in that: the fire grate type two-stage combustion chamber comprises a cylindrical two-stage combustion chamber made of refractory materials, wherein a first-stage combustion chamber is arranged on the periphery of the lower portion of the cylindrical two-stage combustion chamber, an annular enclosing plate is arranged on the upper portion of the first-stage combustion chamber, an annular feeding groove for adding fuel into the first-stage combustion chamber is formed by the annular enclosing plate and the outer wall of the cylindrical two-stage combustion chamber, a fire grate is arranged at the bottom of the first-stage combustion chamber, a plurality of fire passing openings which are annularly distributed and communicated with the second-stage combustion chamber are formed in the inner side of the first-stage combustion chamber.
2. The waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: a first-stage combustion chamber water jacket is arranged around the first-stage combustion chamber.
3. The waste incinerator according to claim 2, characterized in that: the lower part of the secondary combustion chamber is provided with a lower fire viewing port and a lower fire viewing door which are communicated with the outer side of the primary combustion chamber.
4. A waste incinerator according to any of claims 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the primary combustion chamber is one or more arc-shaped combustion chambers arranged on the periphery of the lower part of the secondary combustion chamber, an arc-shaped fire grate is arranged at the bottom of each arc-shaped combustion chamber, a plurality of fire passing openings communicated with the secondary combustion chamber are formed in the inner side of the lower part of each arc-shaped combustion chamber, and a furnace door opening and a furnace door are arranged at the corresponding position of the fire passing opening on the outer side of each arc-shaped combustion chamber.
5. A waste incinerator according to any of claims 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the primary combustion chamber is a plurality of independent cylindrical combustion chambers annularly arranged on the periphery of the lower part of the secondary combustion chamber, a round fire grate is arranged at the bottom of each cylindrical combustion chamber, a fire passing port communicated with the secondary combustion chamber is arranged on the inner side of the lower part of each cylindrical combustion chamber, and a furnace door opening and a furnace door are arranged at the corresponding position of the fire passing port on the outer side of each cylindrical combustion chamber.
6. The waste incinerator according to claim 4, characterized in that: the upper part of the secondary combustion chamber is provided with a heat absorption boiler barrel, the heat absorption boiler barrel comprises an inner barrel and an outer barrel, a boiler barrel water jacket is arranged between the inner barrel and the outer barrel, a smoke and fire channel is arranged in the inner barrel, and a plurality of heat absorption water pipes with two ends communicated with the water jacket are arranged in the inner barrel.
7. The waste incinerator according to claim 5, wherein: the upper part of the secondary combustion chamber is provided with a heat absorption boiler barrel, the heat absorption boiler barrel comprises an inner barrel and an outer barrel, a boiler barrel water jacket is arranged between the inner barrel and the outer barrel, a smoke and fire channel is arranged in the inner barrel, and a plurality of heat absorption water pipes with two ends communicated with the water jacket are arranged in the inner barrel.
8. A waste incinerator according to any of claims 1, 2 or 3, wherein: the middle part of the side surface of the secondary combustion chamber is provided with a middle fire observation port and a middle fire observation air adjusting cover, and the upper part of the side surface of the secondary combustion chamber is provided with an upper fire observation port and an upper fire observation air adjusting cover.
9. The waste incinerator according to claim 8, characterized in that: the furnace door is provided with a furnace door fire viewing opening and a furnace door air adjusting cover.
CN201921066549.5U 2019-07-10 2019-07-10 Garbage incinerator Withdrawn - After Issue CN210320062U (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201921066549.5U CN210320062U (en) 2019-07-10 2019-07-10 Garbage incinerator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201921066549.5U CN210320062U (en) 2019-07-10 2019-07-10 Garbage incinerator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN210320062U true CN210320062U (en) 2020-04-14

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ID=70149712

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201921066549.5U Withdrawn - After Issue CN210320062U (en) 2019-07-10 2019-07-10 Garbage incinerator

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN210320062U (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110207128A (en) * 2019-07-10 2019-09-06 赤峰红山圣火生物质能科技开发有限公司 A kind of waste incinerator

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110207128A (en) * 2019-07-10 2019-09-06 赤峰红山圣火生物质能科技开发有限公司 A kind of waste incinerator
CN110207128B (en) * 2019-07-10 2023-12-22 赤峰红山圣火生物质能科技开发有限公司 Garbage incinerator

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Granted publication date: 20200414

Effective date of abandoning: 20231222

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