CN210305920U

CN210305920U - Numerical control shaping machine

Info

Publication number: CN210305920U
Application number: CN201921078374.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡庆龙; 段晓旭; 韩绪; 崔立刚
Original assignee: No6409 Factory Of Pla
Current assignee: No6409 Factory Of Pla
Priority date: 2019-07-11
Filing date: 2019-07-11
Publication date: 2020-04-14
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-11

Abstract

The utility model provides a numerical control shaping machine, which relates to the field of equipment manufacturing and comprises a machine body, a ram slidably connected with the machine body, a ram driving mechanism for driving the ram to reciprocate along a first direction, a tool rest arranged at one end of the ram, and a workbench arranged below the tool rest, wherein the numerical control shaping machine also comprises a numerical control system, a tool rest feeding mechanism and a workbench feeding mechanism; the tool rest feeding mechanism is arranged between the ram and the tool rest and used for driving the tool rest to be close to or far away from the workbench along a second direction; the workbench feeding mechanism is connected with the workbench in a sliding manner and is used for driving the workbench to move along a third direction; and the numerical control system is electrically connected with the tool rest feeding mechanism, the workbench feeding mechanism and the slide machine driving mechanism and controls the tool rest and the workbench to perform interpolation motion. The utility model discloses a reform transform the ox head planer, under numerical control system's control, knife rest and workstation can go on interpolating the motion, and then can realize the processing of curved surface work piece.

Description

Numerical control shaping machine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an equip the manufacture field, relate to numerical control shaping machine.

Background

The shaper is a shaper with ram driving planer tool to do linear reciprocating motion, and is named because the tool rest at the front end of the ram is shaped like a shaper. The shaper is mainly used for planing planes, forming surfaces and grooves on small and medium-sized workpieces in single-piece small-batch production.

Compared with a numerical control milling machine, the size of a workpiece processed by the shaper is larger, and the maximum stroke of the shaper can reach 650mm by taking a B665 type shaper as an example. However, the shaper can only plane and form a surface and cannot process a curved surface, which greatly limits the application range of the shaper.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a numerical control shaper, which comprises a shaper body, a ram slidably connected with the shaper body, a driving mechanism of the shaper for driving the ram to reciprocate along a first direction, a cutter rest arranged at one end of the ram, and a workbench arranged below the cutter rest, wherein the numerical control shaper further comprises a numerical control system, a cutter rest feeding mechanism and a workbench feeding mechanism; the tool rest feeding mechanism is arranged between the ram and the tool rest and used for driving the tool rest to be close to or far away from the workbench along a second direction; the workbench feeding mechanism is connected with the workbench in a sliding manner and is used for driving the workbench to move along a third direction; the numerical control system is electrically connected with the tool rest feeding mechanism, the workbench feeding mechanism and the slide machine driving mechanism and controls the tool rest and the workbench to perform interpolation motion; wherein the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the embodiments of the invention and not to limit the embodiments of the invention.

Fig. 1 is a front view of a numerical control shaper provided by the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a left side view of the numerically controlled shaper of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the numerically controlled shaper shown in FIG. 1;

fig. 4 is a front view of another numerical control shaper provided by the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a view of the position A of the slide bed of the numerically controlled shaper shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a B position view of the slide bed of the numerically controlled shaper shown in FIG. 4.

Detailed Description

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention are combined below to clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive work based on the described embodiments of the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The utility model provides a numerical control shaper 200, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, comprising a lathe bed 110, a ram 120 connected with the lathe bed 110 in a sliding manner, a ram driving mechanism for driving the ram 120 to reciprocate along a first direction, a cutter rest 130 arranged at one end of the ram 120, and a workbench 140 arranged below the cutter rest 130, wherein the numerical control shaper 200 further comprises a numerical control system, a cutter rest feeding mechanism 150 and a workbench feeding mechanism 160; a tool post feeding mechanism 150 disposed between the ram 120 and the tool post 130 for driving the tool post 130 toward or away from the table 140 in the second direction; the workbench feeding mechanism 160 is connected with the workbench 140 in a sliding manner and used for driving the workbench 140 to move along a third direction; a numerical control system electrically connected to the tool rest feeding mechanism 150, the table feeding mechanism 160, and the slide bed driving mechanism, for controlling the tool rest 130 and the table 140 to perform interpolation motion; wherein the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

The utility model discloses a knife rest feed mechanism 150 and workstation feed mechanism 160 to the shaper reform transform to combine with numerical control system, under numerical control system's control, knife rest 130 and workstation 140 can go on interpolating the motion, and then can realize the processing of curved surface work piece, when keeping the big advantage of shaper stroke, promoted the application range of shaper greatly.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, the tool post feeding mechanism 150 includes a first driving portion 152 and a first bracket, and the first driving portion 152 is fixed to the ram 120 by the first bracket.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, the table feeding mechanism 160 includes a second driving portion and a second bracket frame, and the table 140 is slidably coupled to the second bracket frame.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the first driving part 152 includes a first servo motor 1521 and a first ball screw pair 1522, the balls of the first ball screw pair 1522 being fixedly connected with the tool post 130, and/or the second driving part includes a second servo motor 1621 and a second ball screw pair 1622, the balls of the second ball screw pair 1622 being fixedly connected with the worktable 140. The servo motor and the ball screw assembly are used as a feasible implementation mode for realizing the interpolation application of the tool rest 130 and the workbench 140, and have the advantages of high precision, good reversibility and the like.

Optionally, the torque of the first servomotor 1521 is 5nm, and the torque of the second servomotor 1621 is 7.5 nm.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the first driving part 152 further includes a first elastic coupling 1523 disposed between the first servo motor 1521 and the first ball screw assembly 1522; the second driving portion further includes a second elastic coupling 1623 provided between the second servo motor 1621 and the second ball screw pair 1622. The elastic coupling can eliminate errors caused by a transmission gap between the servo motor and a lead screw in the ball screw pair, one end of the lead screw is connected with the servo motor through the elastic coupling, and the accuracy of transmission is further improved.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4 to 6, the numerically controlled shaper 200 further includes a fitting 190 fixed to the ram 120, a third bracket 170 located on one side of the ram 120, and two proximity switches 180 disposed on the third bracket 170 and spaced apart from each other along the first direction, wherein the proximity switches 180 are electrically connected to the numerical control system, and the proximity switches 180 are engaged with the fitting 190 to detect the moving position of the ram 120.

Further, as shown in fig. 4-6, at least one of the two proximity switches 180 is slidably coupled to the third bracket 170. Therefore, after the workpiece is fixed on the workbench 140, the stroke of the ram 120 can be adjusted according to the length of the workpiece, the workpiece is processed in an effective stroke, and the processing efficiency is improved.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4-6, one of the two proximity switches 180 is a normally open switch 181 and the other is a normally closed switch 182, the normally open switch 181 being closer to the tool holder 130 than the normally closed switch 182.

Further, when the fitting piece 190 moves to the normally closed switch position, the numerical control system controls the slide bed driving mechanism to be in the feeding state. The arrangement can avoid the situation that the program is restarted when the normally open switch 181 is encountered again after the program is returned to the program head after the program is executed.

Example one

The present embodiment provides a numerical control shaper 200, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, including a bed 110, a ram 120 slidably connected to the bed 110, a ram driving mechanism for driving the ram 120 to reciprocate along a first direction, a tool rest 130 disposed at one end of the ram 120, and a worktable 140 disposed below the tool rest 130, the numerical control shaper 200 further includes a numerical control system, a tool rest feeding mechanism 150, and a worktable feeding mechanism 160; a tool post feeding mechanism 150 disposed between the ram 120 and the tool post 130 for driving the tool post 130 toward or away from the table 140 in the second direction; the workbench feeding mechanism 160 is connected with the workbench 140 in a sliding manner and used for driving the workbench 140 to move along a third direction; a numerical control system electrically connected to the tool rest feeding mechanism 150, the table feeding mechanism 160, and the slide bed driving mechanism, for controlling the tool rest 130 and the table 140 to perform interpolation motion; wherein the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

The bed body 110 is used for carrying a slider bed and a slider bed driving mechanism, and the slider bed is slidably connected with the bed body 110. Specifically, the bed 110 includes a beam 111 extending along a first direction, which is a horizontal direction in fig. 1 in this embodiment. The slider bed is slidably connected to the cross member 111. The cross-section of the cross-beam 111 in a direction perpendicular to the first direction may be dovetail shaped, thus including a dovetail slot on the slider bed that mates with the dovetail-shaped cross-beam 111. It should be noted that the cross section of the cross beam 111 along the direction perpendicular to the first direction may also be T-shaped, rectangular or circular, and the structure of the cross beam 111 is not particularly limited. Further, the bed 110 may further include a base, and the base may enhance the stability of the operation of the bed 110, and the specific structure of the base is not limited.

The slider bed is slidably coupled to the bed 110 for reciprocating the knife holder 130 in a first direction of the slider bed drive mechanism. Compared with a numerical control milling machine, the sliding bed has a longer working stroke generally, and can process larger workpieces. The slide bed driving mechanism comprises a rocker structure, a motor and a gearbox, the gearbox is electrically connected with a numerical control system, and the numerical control system controls the rotation of the motor through a variable gearbox. The rocker mechanism is arranged on the bed body 110 and comprises a rocker and a crank, one end of the rocker is hinged with the sliding bed, the other end of the rocker is hinged with the crank, and when the motor controls the crank to rotate, the rocker drives the sliding bed to reciprocate along a first direction. Of course, the rocker structure, the motor and the gearbox are only one implementation of the slider bed drive mechanism. The slide bed driving mechanism may also be a motor screw structure, a chain transmission, a belt transmission structure or a hydraulic transmission, which is not limited herein.

As shown in fig. 2, a tool holder 130 is provided at one end of the slide machine, and the tool holder 130 is used to mount a planer tool 131. The tool post 130 is secured to one end of the slide bed by a tool post feed mechanism 150. The tool post feeding mechanism 150 can control the tool post 130 to approach or separate from the table 140 provided at the lower end of the tool post 130 in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the tool post feeding mechanism 150 includes a first bracket 151 and a first driving portion 152, the first driving portion 152 is fixed on the slide bed via the first bracket 151, and the first driving portion 152 drives the tool post 130 to move in a second direction, which in this embodiment is a vertical direction shown in fig. 1. The first driving portion 152 includes a first servo motor 1521 and a first ball screw assembly 1522, the first servo motor 1521 is fixed on the first bracket 151, and balls of the first ball screw assembly 1522 are fixedly connected to the tool post 130. The first servo motor 1521 is electrically connected with the numerical control system. Optionally, the torque of the first servomotor 1521 is 5 nm. It should be noted that the first driving portion 152 may also be a screw motor, a chain transmission or a belt transmission. When the first driving part 152 is a chain drive or a belt drive, the first bracket 151 and the tool post 130 are provided with a matching sliding structure, such as a slide block and a guide rail, which is not limited in this respect.

As shown in fig. 2, a table 140 is provided below the tool post 130 for placing a workpiece. The table 140 is moved in a third direction by the table feeding mechanism 160, wherein the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other. The table feeding mechanism 160 includes a second bracket and a second driving portion. The table 140 is slidably connected to the second bracket. Specifically, the second bracket includes a rail extending in a third direction, and the table 140 is slidably coupled to the rail. The second driving part is fixed on the second bracket. The second driving part includes a second servo motor 1621 and a second ball screw assembly 1622, the balls of the second ball screw assembly 1622 are fixedly connected with the worktable 140, and the second servo motor 1621 is electrically connected with the numerical control system. Alternatively, the torque of the first servomotor 1521 is 7.5 nm. It should be noted that the second driving portion may also be a screw motor, a chain transmission or a belt transmission structure, and is not limited specifically herein.

The numerical control system is electrically connected with the tool rest feeding mechanism 150, the workbench feeding mechanism 160 and the slide machine driving mechanism, and controls the tool rest 130 and the workbench 140 to perform interpolation motion, so as to realize the processing of the workpiece.

The working principle of machining parts using the numerically controlled shaper 200 is as follows:

the workpiece is fixed on the worktable 140, the working zero point of the planing tool 131 on the tool rest 130 is selected, corresponding parameters are input into the numerical control system according to the shape of the workpiece to be machined, and then the numerical control system is started. The tool post feeding mechanism 150, the worktable feeding mechanism 160 and the slide bed driving mechanism drive the tool post 130 and the worktable 140 to perform interpolation motion under the control of the numerical control system. Fig. 3 shows the interpolated movement locus of the tool tip and the table 140 when the workpiece is machined into different shapes, wherein c and d in fig. 3 are shown as circular arc curved surfaces, and b in fig. 3 is shown as a chamfer. For example, machining an arc surface shown in c in fig. 3, first, placing the workpiece on the table 140, fixing, manually adjusting the relative position between the planer tool 131 and the workpiece and the direction of the edge of the planer tool 131, and determining that the right end is a starting point, i.e., point o in fig. 3, which is a working zero point. In the second direction, i.e., the X direction shown in fig. 3, the feed amount of the tool rest 130 is set, and the feed amount of the tool rest 130 increases and then decreases, which is a nonlinear change. The feed amount of the table 140 is adjusted in the third direction, i.e., the Z direction shown in fig. 3, and is adjusted here mainly according to the size of the workpiece in the Z direction. The feed of the slide bed is adjusted in a first direction, i.e. perpendicular to the X and Z directions in fig. 3, where the adjustment is mainly dependent on the size of the workpiece in the first direction. And determining the working zero point and the feeding amount in the XYZ direction, and running the program.

In the embodiment, the tool rest feeding mechanism 150 and the workbench feeding mechanism 160 of the shaper are modified and combined with the numerical control system, the tool rest 130 and the workbench 140 can perform interpolation motion under the control of the numerical control system, so that a curved surface workpiece can be machined, and the application range of the shaper is greatly enlarged while the advantage of large stroke of the shaper is kept.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, the first servo motor 1521 and the first ball screw pair 1522 are connected to each other by a first elastic coupling 1523. The elastic coupling is an integrally formed metal elastic body, is usually formed by cutting a metal round bar by a wire, is made of aluminum alloy, stainless steel and engineering plastics, and is suitable for various deviations and accurate torque transmission. Similarly, a second elastic coupling 1623 may be provided between the second servo motor 1621 and the second ball screw assembly 1622. The elastic coupling can eliminate errors caused by a transmission gap between the servo motor and a lead screw in the ball screw pair, one end of the lead screw is connected with the servo motor through the elastic coupling, and the accuracy of transmission is further improved.

Example two

In the present embodiment, another numerical control shaper 200 is provided, as shown in fig. 4 to 6, which is different from the numerical control shaper 200 in the first embodiment in that: the numerical control ram further comprises a fitting piece 190 fixed on the ram 120, a third support 170 positioned on one side of the ram 120, and two proximity switches 180 arranged on the third support 170 and arranged at intervals along the first direction, wherein the proximity switches 180 are electrically connected with the numerical control system, and the proximity switches 180 are matched with the fitting piece 190 to detect the movement position of the ram 120.

Specifically, the mating member 190 is a stopper disposed on the ram 120, the proximity switch 180 may be a normally open switch 181 and a normally closed switch 182, and the normally open switch 181 and the normally closed switch 182 are electrically connected to the numerical control system. Both the normally open switch 181 and the normally closed switch 182 are disposed on the third fixing member and are disposed at intervals in the first direction, wherein the normally open switch 181 is closer to the tool holder 130 than the normally closed switch 182. The normally open switch 181 and the normally closed switch 182 cooperate with the stopper to detect the moving position of the ram 120. The numerical control system obtains the position data of the ram 120, and can control the motion state of the ram 120 in the first direction and correct the feeding amount of the ram 120. It should be noted that the proximity switch 180 may also be an infrared sensor or a touch sensor, and is not particularly limited in this embodiment.

Further, at least one of the two proximity switches 180 is slidably coupled to the third bracket 170. Therefore, after the workpiece is fixed on the workbench 140, the stroke of the ram 120 can be adjusted according to the length of the workpiece, the workpiece is processed in an effective stroke, and the processing efficiency is improved.

The numerical control shaper 200 has the following specific working principle:

after the workpiece is fixed on the worktable 140, the processing speed is firstly adjusted according to the processing material, the stroke of the ram 120 is adjusted according to the length of the workpiece, the distance of the proximity switch 180 is adjusted, the processing of the workpiece is completed in the effective stroke, and the processing efficiency is improved. As shown in fig. 4, when the forward stroke position a of the ram 120 is adjusted according to the workpiece length, the position of the normally open switch 181 corresponds to the stopper. The minimum rearward travel of the ram 120 is then adjusted, and in position B, the normally closed switch 182 is positioned to correspond to the stop, so that the ram 120 completes a given shave feed between the two proximity switches 180 during shave.

Further, when the engaging member 190 moves to the position of the normally closed switch 182, the numerical control system controls the slide bed driving mechanism to be in the feeding state. The arrangement can avoid the situation that the program is restarted when the normally open switch 181 is encountered again after the program is returned to the program head after the program is executed.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "connected" and "coupled," unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the description is only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A numerical control shaper comprises a lathe bed, a ram slidably connected to the lathe bed, a drive mechanism of the ram for driving the ram to reciprocate along a first direction, a tool rest arranged at one end of the ram, and a workbench arranged below the tool rest, and is characterized by further comprising a numerical control system, a tool rest feeding mechanism and a workbench feeding mechanism;

the tool rest feeding mechanism is arranged between the ram and the tool rest and used for driving the tool rest to be close to or far away from the workbench along a second direction;

the workbench feeding mechanism is connected with the workbench in a sliding manner and used for driving the workbench to move along a third direction;

the numerical control system is electrically connected with the tool rest feeding mechanism, the workbench feeding mechanism and the slide bed driving mechanism and controls the tool rest and the workbench to perform interpolation motion;

wherein the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are perpendicular to each other.

2. The numerically controlled shaper according to claim 1, wherein the tool rest feed mechanism comprises a first drive portion and a first bracket, the first drive portion being fixed to the ram by the first bracket.

3. The numerically controlled shaper of claim 2, wherein the table feed mechanism comprises a second drive and a second bracket, the table being slidably coupled to the second bracket.

4. The numerically controlled shaper according to claim 3, wherein the first drive part comprises a first servomotor and a first ball screw pair, the balls of which are fixedly connected to the tool holder, and/or the second drive part comprises a second servomotor and a second ball screw pair, the balls of which are fixedly connected to the table.

5. The numerically controlled shaper according to claim 4, wherein the first driving part further comprises a first elastic coupling disposed between the first servo motor and the first ball screw pair; the second driving part further comprises a second elastic coupling arranged between the second servo motor and the second ball screw pair.

6. The numerically controlled shaper according to claim 4, wherein the torque of the first servomotor is 5nm and the torque of the second servomotor is 7.5 nm.

7. The numerically controlled shaper according to claim 1, further comprising a fitting member fixed to the ram, a third bracket located at one side of the ram, and two proximity switches disposed on the third bracket and spaced apart from each other along the first direction, wherein the proximity switches are electrically connected to the numerically controlled control system, and the proximity switches are engaged with the fitting member to detect a movement position of the ram.

8. The numerically controlled shaper of claim 7, wherein at least one of the two proximity switches is slidably coupled to the third bracket.

9. The numerically controlled shaper of claim 7, wherein one of the two proximity switches is a normally open switch and the other of the two proximity switches is a normally closed switch, the normally open switch being closer to the blade carrier than the normally closed switch.

10. The numerically controlled shaper of claim 9, wherein the numerically controlled control system controls the slide bed drive mechanism to be in a feed state when the engagement member is moved to the normally closed switch position.