CN210296622U - Microstrip antenna - Google Patents
Microstrip antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN210296622U CN210296622U CN201920678147.4U CN201920678147U CN210296622U CN 210296622 U CN210296622 U CN 210296622U CN 201920678147 U CN201920678147 U CN 201920678147U CN 210296622 U CN210296622 U CN 210296622U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a microstrip antenna, belonging to the technical field of miniaturized antennas; the antenna comprises a rectangular antenna board card arranged between an antenna housing and an antenna base, wherein the antenna board card comprises a dielectric substrate, the back surface of the dielectric substrate is provided with a grounding plate, and the front surface of the dielectric substrate is provided with an elliptical ring-shaped patch; the patch is provided with a feed point penetrating through the ground plate and the patch; the utility model discloses according to the structural space of long and narrow shape given, adopt oval annular paster, its advantage has just been the maximize paster area, increases antenna gain promptly, utilizes the metal condition of shell case, increases paster antenna's ground area, reduces the back radiation of antenna. Under the condition of not changing frequency and amplifying structural space, the antenna miniaturization technology is applied, the current transmission path of the patch antenna is changed, the position of a feed point is changed, and the working frequency point of the antenna is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a miniaturized antenna technology field, concretely relates to microstrip antenna.
Background
Microstrip antenna is used in the industrial fields such as space flight, aviation and the like due to its advantages of light weight, small volume, low profile and the like. The microstrip patch antenna consists of a conductor, a ground plate and a dielectric substrate, and utilizes a microstrip line or a coaxial line to feed, so that a radio frequency electromagnetic field is excited between the conductor patch and the ground plate and radiates outwards through gaps between the periphery of the patch and the ground plate. The patch area of the existing microstrip antenna can not be maximized according to the given structural space, and the antenna gain is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problem in the prior art that the maximum gain cannot be achieved due to the small patch area, it is desirable to provide a microstrip antenna.
A microstrip antenna comprises a rectangular antenna board card arranged between an antenna housing and an antenna base, wherein the antenna board card comprises a dielectric substrate, the back surface of the dielectric substrate is provided with a ground plate, and the front surface of the dielectric substrate is provided with an elliptical ring-shaped patch; the patch is provided with a feed point penetrating through the ground plate and the patch.
Furthermore, the outer ring of the elliptical ring-shaped patch is elliptical, and the inner ring of the elliptical ring-shaped patch is circular.
Further, the center of the inner ring circle coincides with the center of the medium substrate, and the ratio of the diameter of the inner ring circle to the length of the minor axis of the outer ring ellipse is 0.8-1: 1.
further, the length ratio of the short axis to the long axis of the outer ring ellipse is 0.6-0.8: 1.
Further, the distance from the outermost end of the long axis of the patch to the edge of the dielectric substrate is greater than the distance from the outermost end of the short axis to the edge of the dielectric substrate.
Furthermore, one of two ends of the patch short shaft is provided with a feed point.
Furthermore, the two sides of the antenna base are respectively an inner side and an outer side, the inner side is fixed with the antenna board card through a screw adsorbed on the grounding plate, and the outer side is provided with a radio frequency connector.
Furthermore, a weight reduction groove is formed in the antenna base.
Further, at least one screw hole is provided along the circumference of the antenna base.
Further, the screw hole is two kinds, one kind is used for cooperating the solid fixed screw of board card and fixing the antenna integrated circuit board, another kind is used for cooperating the fixed screw of antenna house and fixing the antenna house.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
according to the structural space of long and narrow shape that gives, the utility model discloses an oval annular paster, its advantage has just been the maximize paster area, increases antenna gain promptly, utilizes the metal condition of shell case, increases paster antenna's ground area, reduces the back radiation of antenna. Under the condition of not changing frequency and amplifying structural space, the antenna miniaturization technology is applied, the current transmission path of the patch antenna is changed, the position of a feed point is changed, and the working frequency point of the antenna is reduced.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of the antenna assembly of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the top surface of the antenna board card of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the antenna board bot of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a diagram of an antenna housing according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a diagram of an antenna base according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a simulation structure diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-an antenna housing; 2, antenna board card; 3-an antenna base; 4-a radio frequency connector; 5, fixing a screw by a plate card; 6-radome setscrews; 7-a dielectric substrate; 8-a feeding point; 9-sticking a piece; 10-ground plane.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the relevant invention and not restrictive of the invention. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-3, a microstrip antenna comprises a rectangular antenna board card 2, wherein the antenna board card 2 comprises a dielectric substrate 7, a ground plate 10 is arranged on the back surface of the dielectric substrate 7, and an elliptical ring patch 9 is arranged on the front surface of the dielectric substrate 7; the patch 9 is provided with a feed point 8 penetrating through the ground plate 10 and the patch 9, the outer part of the elliptical ring-shaped patch is elliptical, the inner part of the elliptical ring-shaped patch is circular, the area of the patch is increased to the maximum extent, namely, the antenna gain is increased; the patch is provided with a feed point; under the condition of not changing frequency and amplifying structural space, the antenna miniaturization technology is applied, the current transmission path of the patch antenna is changed, the position of a feed point is changed, and the working frequency point of the antenna can be reduced. The antenna housing 1 and the antenna base 3 which can be mutually buckled are arranged on two sides of the antenna board card 2, after buckling, the antenna board card 2 is positioned inside the antenna housing 1 and the antenna base 3, so that the antenna board card 2 is protected, meanwhile, the antenna board card 2 and the antenna base 3 are fixed by the board card and the base connecting screw 5, and the antenna board card 2 can be stably installed on the antenna base 3; utilize antenna house and base connecting screw 6 to make antenna house 1 and antenna base 3 after the lock more stable simultaneously, more be favorable to protecting inside antenna integrated circuit board 2.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the center of the inner ring circle coincides with the center of the dielectric substrate 7, and the ratio of the diameter of the inner ring circle to the length of the minor axis of the outer ring ellipse is 0.8-1: 1, preferably, the diameter of the inner circle is the same as the minor axis of the outer ellipse, so as to increase the area of the patch 9 to the maximum, and when the outer circle of the patch 9 is elliptical, the minor axis to major axis length ratio of the outer ellipse is 0.6-0.8:1, preferably, the minor axis to major axis length ratio of the outer ellipse is 0.6:1, in view of the aesthetic property of the patch 9 and the corresponding increase in the area of the patch 9, so that the patch 9 can be adapted to the structural space of the long and narrow shape.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a top surface of the antenna board card 2, where the top surface of the antenna board card 2 is one surface; fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a bot surface of the antenna board card 2, and the bot surface of the antenna board card 2 is another surface. The distance from the outermost end of the long axis of the patch 9 to the edge of the dielectric substrate 7 is larger than the distance from the outermost end of the short axis to the edge of the dielectric substrate 7, and the position of the feed point is changed by changing the current transmission path of the patch antenna, so that the working frequency point of the antenna can be reduced.
Referring to fig. 1 and 5, the two sides of the antenna base 3 are respectively an inner side and an outer side, the inner side of the antenna base 3 is connected with the antenna board card 2, a recessed approximately square groove is formed in the middle of the outer side of the antenna base 3, and the groove is formed in the outer side of the antenna base 3 so that a part of a bottom plate of the antenna base 3 is not directly contacted with other objects, namely, the position where the antenna board card 2 is installed is in a spaced state, and the purpose of protecting the antenna board card 2 is achieved; a radio frequency connector 4 is arranged at one corner of the groove of the antenna base 3.
Referring to fig. 5, in order to reduce the mass of the antenna base 3 and to make the small-sized antenna light, the edge of the antenna base 3 is provided with a lightening groove, so that the antenna is miniaturized, and the weight of the antenna is reduced due to the lightening groove.
Be provided with at least one screw hole around the antenna base 3, the screw hole is two kinds, and one of them quantity is 2 for fixed antenna integrated circuit board 2, another kind of quantity is 4, is used for connecting antenna house 1, accomplishes the fixed protection of inside fixed protection and outside lock to antenna integrated circuit board 2.
As shown in fig. 6, the antenna simulation diagram is a schematic diagram of a designed antenna, and it can be obtained from the result that the microstrip antenna is designed into an elliptical ring structure, so that the resonant frequency of the antenna can be reduced, the position of the feed point can be moved, the resonant frequency of the antenna can also be reduced, and the impedance bandwidth of the antenna can be increased by adding a shorting pin at the center of the short axis.
Referring to fig. 1-5, when a microstrip antenna is installed, the microstrip antenna comprises an antenna base 3, wherein the two sides of the antenna base 3 are respectively the inner side and the outer side, an antenna board card 2 is arranged on the inner side of the antenna base 3, an antenna housing 1 is arranged above the antenna board card 2, a square installation groove is arranged inside the antenna housing 1, the depth of the installation groove is more than or equal to the thickness of the antenna board card 2, and when the antenna board card 2 is placed on the antenna base 3, the antenna board card 2 and the antenna base 3 are fixed by using the board card and a base connecting screw 5, so that the antenna board card 2 cannot shake back and forth; after the antenna board card 2 is installed, the antenna housing 1 is buckled on the antenna base 3, so that the square mounting groove of the antenna housing 1 is buckled on the antenna board card 2, after the antenna housing 1 and the antenna base 3 are buckled, the antenna housing 1 and the antenna base 3 after being buckled are fixed by using the antenna housing and the base connecting screw 6, and the installation of the microstrip antenna is completed at the moment.
In order to obtain the optimal antenna patch shape, for a rectangular patch antenna, the transmission line theory analysis is firstly carried out, the antenna width is W, the length is L, the resonant frequency is f, epsilonrIs the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate, epsiloneIs the equivalent dielectric constant.
l＝w-2*Δl
The length and width parameters of the patch of the antenna can be calculated through the formula.
In order to obtain the design of feeding and impedance matching, under the condition that the thickness is far less than one wavelength, the space between the microstrip patch and the ground plate can be regarded as a leaky wave cavity with electric walls at the upper part and the lower part and magnetic arms at the periphery, and then the internal field of the area can be solved by using a mode expansion method or a mode matching method according to boundary conditions. The antenna radiation field is radiated by the equivalent magnetic current around the cavity.
By this analysis, TMmnThe resonant frequency of the mode is:
wherein the cavity has a size of ae，beIs the equivalent dimension after taking into account the edge extension Δ l, which is slightly larger than the physical dimensions a, b.
Rectangular microstrip antennas typically operate in TM01Mode (or TM)10Mode) with a resonant frequency of:
from this equation, the transmission line model is equivalent to the simple case of the cavity model when one master mode is considered.
As shown in the above formula, f is 580MHz, the structural space is reserved, the length L is 100mm, the width w is 61mm, and the height h is 15 mm. The design of the utility model relates to a microstrip antenna, microstrip antenna can select the panel of high dielectric constant, but the panel of high dielectric leads to the antenna impedance bandwidth very narrow finally, and the gain also descends, according to the current panel in market, selects the material of dielectric constant 6 ~ 10, designs; after preliminary budget, the relative dielectric constant of the plate is 8, and the length and width of the patch are calculated by substituting the formula: it can be seen that the size of the antenna patch is much larger than the space reserved by the structure, because w is 122mm and l is 120 mm.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the application and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the scope of the invention herein disclosed is not limited to the particular combination of features described above, but also encompasses other arrangements formed by any combination of the above features or their equivalents without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, the above features may be replaced with (but not limited to) features having similar functions disclosed in the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A microstrip antenna, characterized by: the antenna comprises a rectangular antenna board card (2) arranged between an antenna cover (1) and an antenna base (3), wherein the antenna board card (2) comprises a dielectric substrate (7), the back of the dielectric substrate (7) is provided with a ground plate (10), and the front of the dielectric substrate is provided with an elliptical ring-shaped patch (9); the patch (9) is provided with a feed point (8) which penetrates through the grounding plate (10) and the patch (9).
2. A microstrip antenna according to claim 1 wherein: the outer ring of the elliptic ring-shaped patch (9) is elliptic, and the inner ring is circular.
3. A microstrip antenna according to claim 2 wherein: the circle center of the inner ring circle coincides with the center of the medium substrate (7), and the ratio of the diameter of the inner ring circle to the length of the minor axis of the outer ring ellipse is 0.8-1: 1.
4. a microstrip antenna according to claim 3 wherein: the length ratio of the short axis to the long axis of the outer ring ellipse is 0.6-0.8: 1.
5. The microstrip antenna of claim 4, wherein: the distance from the outermost end of the long axis of the patch (9) to the edge of the dielectric substrate (7) is larger than the distance from the outermost end of the short axis to the edge of the dielectric substrate (7).
6. A microstrip antenna according to claim 2 or 5 wherein: the feed point is arranged at one of the short axes of the patch (9).
7. A microstrip antenna according to claim 1 wherein: the antenna comprises an antenna base (3), wherein the two sides of the antenna base (3) are respectively an inner side and an outer side, the inner side is fixed with an antenna board card (2) through screws adsorbed on a grounding plate (10), and a radio frequency connector (4) is arranged on the outer side.
8. A microstrip antenna according to claim 1 or 7 wherein: and a weight reduction groove is formed in the antenna base (3).
9. The microstrip antenna of claim 8 wherein: at least one screw hole is arranged around the antenna base (3).
10. A microstrip antenna according to claim 9 wherein: the screw hole is two kinds, one kind is used for cooperating board card set screw (5) fixed antenna integrated circuit board (2), another kind is used for cooperating antenna house set screw (6) fixed antenna house (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920678147.4U CN210296622U (en) | 2019-05-13 | 2019-05-13 | Microstrip antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920678147.4U CN210296622U (en) | 2019-05-13 | 2019-05-13 | Microstrip antenna |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN210296622U true CN210296622U (en) | 2020-04-10 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920678147.4U Active CN210296622U (en) | 2019-05-13 | 2019-05-13 | Microstrip antenna |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN210296622U (en) |
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2019
- 2019-05-13 CN CN201920678147.4U patent/CN210296622U/en active Active
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