CN210295615U - Experimental device for influence of urbanization on surface runoff - Google Patents
Experimental device for influence of urbanization on surface runoff Download PDFInfo
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- CN210295615U CN210295615U CN201921069814.5U CN201921069814U CN210295615U CN 210295615 U CN210295615 U CN 210295615U CN 201921069814 U CN201921069814 U CN 201921069814U CN 210295615 U CN210295615 U CN 210295615U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an urbanization is to influence experimental apparatus of surface runoff, including experiment frame, simulation city precipitation device and simulation atmosphere precipitation device, subsurface runoff collection device and surface runoff collection device, the experiment frame is L type structure, the welding of the vertical end middle section department of experiment frame has the horizontal pole, simulation city precipitation device joint is between the horizontal pole and the horizontal end of experiment frame, be 30-45 degrees contained angles between simulation city precipitation device and the horizontal plane, simulation city precipitation device is provided with two altogether, and two simulation city precipitation devices are parallel to each other. The utility model discloses in, adopt this urbanization to carry out the experiment teaching to the influence experimental apparatus of surface runoff, compare in traditional written explanation, change abstract for concrete, the student understands more easily, has promoted student's interest in learning and analysis, conclusion, logical thinking ability.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a teaching aid technical field especially relates to an urbanization is to influence experimental apparatus of surface runoff.
Background
The teaching aid is a material object for propagating science and technology and educating people, is a complete scientific and technological medium, and is an indispensable device in teenager scientific and technological activities. Teaching aids used in scientific and technological activities include real object teaching aids and replica teaching aids. Specifically, the specimen or sample from nature includes biological specimen, mineral specimen, fossil, rock, rare animal sample, etc. used in scientific and technological education. And imitations and models of specimens, wherein some specimens are precious (such as Beijing apen skull fossils) and are not suitable for being spread everywhere, so that people make various imitations and models for spreading scientific and technological information. Also, the model can be used for human anatomy models, aeronautical, maritime and vehicular models, and the like. The teaching aid can also be divided into two types for demonstration and practice operation.
In the geography teaching at present, the research on urban runoff is not only the demand of college entrance examination but also has close relation with daily life and production, so that the experiment for researching the influence of urbanization on surface runoff has wide practical significance, but the existing urban runoff teaching is generally written explanation teaching, an experiment demonstration teaching device is lacked, and students are difficult to understand.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at solving the defects existing in the prior art and providing an experimental device for the influence of urbanization on surface runoff.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: an experimental device for the influence of urbanization on surface runoff comprises an experimental frame, a simulated urban rainfall device, a simulated atmospheric rainfall device, an underground runoff collecting device and a surface runoff collecting device;
the experiment frame is of an L-shaped structure, a cross rod is welded at the middle section of the vertical end of the experiment frame, and a water collecting box is clamped inside the horizontal end of the experiment frame;
the simulated urban precipitation device is clamped between the cross rod and the horizontal end of the experiment frame, an included angle of 30-45 degrees is formed between the simulated urban precipitation device and the horizontal plane, the simulated urban precipitation device is provided with two simulated urban precipitation devices, and the two simulated urban precipitation devices are parallel to each other;
the simulated atmospheric precipitation device is welded and fixed at the top end of the vertical end of the experiment frame through a fixing frame, the number of the simulated atmospheric precipitation devices is two, and the two simulated atmospheric precipitation devices are respectively positioned right above the two simulated urban precipitation devices;
a bottom plate is welded on one side wall of the horizontal end of the experimental frame, an underground runoff collecting device and an earth surface runoff collecting device are clamped on the bottom plate, and the underground runoff collecting device and the surface runoff collecting device are both provided with two devices, the simulated urban precipitation device consists of an upper transparent water collecting tank, a lower transparent water collecting tank and a lower infiltration plate, the lower transparent water collecting tank is adhered to the bottom of the upper transparent water collecting tank, a square hole is arranged at the joint of the lower transparent water collecting tank and the upper transparent water collecting tank, and the lower seepage plate is clamped on the directional hole, the bottom end of the upper transparent water collecting tank is connected with a first drainage pipe, the bottom end of the lower transparent water collecting tank is connected with a second water discharging pipe, the bottom end of the first water discharging pipe is positioned in the center of the opening at the top of the surface runoff collecting device, the bottom end of the second drain pipe is positioned in the center of the opening at the top of the underground runoff collecting device.
Preferably, the fixing frame consists of a cross beam and two annular rings welded on the cross beam, and the two annular rings are symmetrical to each other about a vertical center line of the cross beam.
Preferably, the simulated atmosphere precipitation device is made of a transparent plastic cup, a graduated scale is arranged on the outer surface wall of the simulated atmosphere precipitation device, a limiting ring is fixedly sleeved on the top end of the outer surface wall of the simulated atmosphere precipitation device in a sleeved mode, and a water leakage hole is formed in the bottom of the simulated atmosphere precipitation device.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
the utility model discloses in, this urbanization is to the influence experimental apparatus of surface runoff, can carry out the road surface sclerosis to surface runoff influence contrast experiment, rainfall intensity is to city surface runoff influence contrast experiment, whether there is vegetation cover to city runoff contrast experiment and subside the contrast experiment of vegetation to city surface runoff, it is multiple functional, the maximize has utilized this urbanization to the influence experimental apparatus of surface runoff, increase its function, improve its practicality, and adopt this urbanization to experiment the teaching to the influence experimental apparatus of surface runoff, contrast in traditional written explanation, it is concrete to change abstraction, the student understands more easily, student's interest in learning and analysis have been promoted, logical thinking ability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental device for testing the influence of urbanization on surface runoff provided by the utility model;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a simulated urban precipitation device of an experimental device for the influence of urbanization on surface runoff provided by the utility model;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing frame of an experimental device for testing the influence of urbanization on surface runoff provided by the utility model;
fig. 4 is the utility model provides a structural schematic of a simulation atmosphere precipitation device of urbanization to the influence experimental apparatus of surface runoff.
Illustration of the drawings:
1. an experiment frame; 2. a water collection box; 3. simulating an urban precipitation device; 31. an upper transparent water collecting tank; 32. a lower transparent water collecting tank; 33. a lower infiltration plate; 34. a first drain pipe; 35. a second drain pipe; 4. a cross bar; 5. a base plate; 6. an underground runoff collection device; 7. a surface runoff collection device; 8. a fixed mount; 81. a cross beam; 82. an annular ring; 9. an atmospheric precipitation simulation device; 91. a limiting ring; 92. a graduated scale.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; furthermore, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, as they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1-4, an experimental device for testing influence of urbanization on surface runoff comprises an experimental frame 1, a simulated urban rainfall device 3, a simulated atmospheric rainfall device 9, an underground runoff collecting device 6 and a surface runoff collecting device 7, wherein the experimental frame 1 is of an L-shaped structure, a cross rod 4 is welded at the middle section of the vertical end of the experimental frame 1, a water collecting box 2 is clamped inside the horizontal end of the experimental frame 1, the simulated urban rainfall device 3 is clamped between the cross rod 4 and the horizontal end of the experimental frame 1, an included angle of 30-45 degrees is formed between the simulated urban rainfall device 3 and the horizontal plane, two simulated urban rainfall devices 3 are arranged, the two simulated urban precipitation devices 3 are parallel to each other, the simulated atmospheric precipitation device 9 is welded and fixed at the top end of the vertical end of the experiment frame 1 through a fixing frame 8, the simulated atmospheric precipitation devices 9 are provided with two devices, and the two simulated atmospheric precipitation devices 9 are respectively positioned right above the two simulated urban precipitation devices 3.
The welding has bottom plate 5 on the lateral wall of experiment frame 1 horizontal end, and the joint has subsurface runoff collection device 6 and surface runoff collection device 7 on bottom plate 5, and subsurface runoff collection device 6 and surface runoff collection device 7 all are provided with two.
Simulation city precipitation device 3 is by last transparent water catch bowl 31, lower transparent water catch bowl 32 and infiltration board 33 are constituteed, lower transparent water catch bowl 32 bonds in last transparent water catch bowl 31 bottom position department, lower transparent water catch bowl 32 has seted up square hole with last transparent water catch bowl 31 junction, and the joint has infiltration board 33 down on the direction hole, it is connected with first drain pipe 34 to go up transparent water catch bowl 31 bottom, lower transparent water catch bowl 32 bottom is connected with second drain pipe 35, the bottom of first drain pipe 34 is located the center department of the 7 top opening parts of surface runoff collection device, the bottom of second drain pipe 35 is located the center department of the 6 top opening parts of subsurface runoff collection device, surface runoff collection device 7 is used for collecting the first drain pipe 34 discharged water, subsurface runoff collection device 6 is used for collecting second drain pipe 35 discharged water.
The fixed frame 8 is composed of a cross beam 81 and two annular rings 82 welded on the cross beam 81, and the two annular rings 82 are arranged in total, and the two annular rings 82 are symmetrical to each other about a vertical center line of the cross beam 81.
The simulated atmosphere precipitation device 9 is made of a transparent plastic cup, a graduated scale 92 is arranged on the outer surface wall of the simulated atmosphere precipitation device 9, a limiting ring 91 is fixedly sleeved on the top end of the outer surface wall of the simulated atmosphere precipitation device 9 in a sleeved mode, and a water leakage hole is formed in the bottom of the simulated atmosphere precipitation device 9.
The simulated atmospheric precipitation device 9 is made of a transparent plastic cup, and holes with different numbers are formed in the bottom of the plastic cup to represent precipitation with different strengths;
the subsurface runoff collecting device 6 and the surface runoff collecting device 7 are made of transparent plastic cups, and the transparent plastic cups are provided with graduated scales 92.
Simulation urban precipitation device 3 is made by upper and lower two transparent water catch bowl, goes up transparent water catch bowl 31 and lower transparent water catch bowl 32 promptly, goes up transparent water catch bowl 31 and is called earth's surface runoff face, and lower transparent water catch bowl 32 is called secret runoff face, and infiltration plate 33 joint is gone up in the junction between transparent water catch bowl 31 and the lower transparent water catch bowl 32 down, and for removable structure, infiltration plate 33 is provided with a plurality ofly altogether, and the hole that leaks that every infiltration plate 33 surface was seted up increases in proper order down.
Referring to fig. 1-4, in a first embodiment: comparative experiment of influence of pavement hardening on surface runoff: covering the lower infiltration plate 33 that sets up in the simulation urban precipitation device 3 in two simulation urban precipitation devices 3 with impervious sheet, simulation hardened pavement adopts the simulation atmospheric precipitation device 9 of seting up the same hourglass number of holes, and the same rainfall intensity of contrast, the same precipitation time observes the collection volume of two groundwater runoff collection devices 6 and two surface runoff collection devices 7, obtains hardened pavement and permeable pavement's runoff.
Referring to fig. 1-4, example two: the precipitation intensity is to city surface runoff influence contrast experiment: adjust the 9 bottoms of simulation atmosphere precipitation device made by the transparent plastic cup hole quantity differences that leak, the same precipitation time of contrast, the same infiltration plate 33 observes two subsurface runoff collection device 6 and two surface runoff collection device 7's collection volume, knows the runoff of different rainfall intensity.
Referring to fig. 1-4, example three: simulation experiment of urban runoff with or without vegetation coverage: the lower infiltration plate 33 arranged in one simulated urban precipitation device 3 in the simulated urban precipitation device 3 covered by the turf is used for comparing the same precipitation intensity, namely the quantity of water leakage holes in the bottoms of two simulated atmospheric precipitation devices 9 made of transparent plastic cups is the same, and the collection quantity of the two subsurface runoff collection devices 6 and the two surface runoff collection devices 7 is observed in the same precipitation time.
Referring to fig. 1-4, example four, simulation experiment of settlement vegetation on urban surface runoff: get two greensward and set up respectively on the infiltration plate 33 that sets up in two simulation urban precipitation devices 3, then subside one side greensward, contrast the same precipitation intensity, two simulation atmosphere precipitation devices 9 bottoms that are made by the transparent plastic cup promptly leak the hole quantity the same, the same precipitation time, observe the collection volume of two subsurface runoff collection devices 6 and two surface runoff collection devices 7.
The above, only be the concrete implementation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art is in the technical scope of the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention and the utility model, the concept of which is equivalent to replace or change, should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. An experimental device for testing influence of urbanization on surface runoff, which is characterized by comprising an experimental frame (1), a simulated urban precipitation device (3), a simulated atmospheric precipitation device (9), an underground runoff collecting device (6) and a surface runoff collecting device (7);
the experiment rack (1) is of an L-shaped structure, a cross rod (4) is welded at the middle section of the vertical end of the experiment rack (1), and a water collecting box (2) is clamped inside the horizontal end of the experiment rack (1);
the simulated urban precipitation device (3) is clamped between the cross rod (4) and the horizontal end of the experiment frame (1), an included angle of 30-45 degrees is formed between the simulated urban precipitation device (3) and the horizontal plane, the simulated urban precipitation device (3) is provided with two devices, and the two simulated urban precipitation devices (3) are parallel to each other;
the simulated atmospheric precipitation devices (9) are welded and fixed at the top end of the vertical end of the experiment frame (1) through a fixing frame (8), two simulated atmospheric precipitation devices (9) are arranged, and the two simulated atmospheric precipitation devices (9) are respectively positioned right above the two simulated urban precipitation devices (3);
the experiment frame is characterized in that a bottom plate (5) is welded on one side wall of a horizontal end of the experiment frame (1), an underground runoff collecting device (6) and an earth surface runoff collecting device (7) are connected to the bottom plate (5) in a clamped mode, the underground runoff collecting device (6) and the earth surface runoff collecting device (7) are both provided with two parts, the simulation city precipitation device (3) consists of an upper transparent water collecting groove (31), a lower transparent water collecting groove (32) and a lower seepage plate (33), the lower transparent water collecting groove (32) is bonded at the bottom position of the upper transparent water collecting groove (31), a square hole is formed in the joint of the lower transparent water collecting groove (32) and the upper transparent water collecting groove (31), the lower seepage plate (33) is connected to the square hole in a clamped mode, a first water drainage pipe (34) is connected to the bottom end of the upper transparent water collecting groove (31), a second water drainage pipe (35) is connected to the, the bottom end of the first drainage pipe (34) is located in the center of the top opening of the surface runoff collecting device (7), and the bottom end of the second drainage pipe (35) is located in the center of the top opening of the subsurface runoff collecting device (6).
2. The experimental device for the influence of urbanization on surface runoff according to claim 1, wherein the fixing frame (8) is composed of a cross beam (81) and two annular rings (82) welded on the cross beam (81), the two annular rings (82) are arranged in total, and the two annular rings (82) are symmetrical to each other about a vertical center line of the cross beam (81).
3. The experimental device for the influence of urbanization on surface runoff according to claim 1, wherein the simulated atmospheric precipitation device (9) is made of a transparent plastic cup, a graduated scale (92) is arranged on the outer surface wall of the simulated atmospheric precipitation device (9), a limiting ring (91) is fixedly sleeved on the top end of the outer surface wall of the simulated atmospheric precipitation device (9), and a water leakage hole is formed in the bottom of the simulated atmospheric precipitation device (9).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921069814.5U CN210295615U (en) | 2019-07-10 | 2019-07-10 | Experimental device for influence of urbanization on surface runoff |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921069814.5U CN210295615U (en) | 2019-07-10 | 2019-07-10 | Experimental device for influence of urbanization on surface runoff |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN210295615U true CN210295615U (en) | 2020-04-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921069814.5U Expired - Fee Related CN210295615U (en) | 2019-07-10 | 2019-07-10 | Experimental device for influence of urbanization on surface runoff |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN210295615U (en) |
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2019
- 2019-07-10 CN CN201921069814.5U patent/CN210295615U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Granted publication date: 20200410 Termination date: 20210710 |