CN210293875U - Tensile test piece and tensile test device - Google Patents
Tensile test piece and tensile test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN210293875U CN210293875U CN201921243940.8U CN201921243940U CN210293875U CN 210293875 U CN210293875 U CN 210293875U CN 201921243940 U CN201921243940 U CN 201921243940U CN 210293875 U CN210293875 U CN 210293875U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a tensile test spare and tensile test device, tensile test device includes heating device, tensile test machine and tensile test spare, tensile test machine includes relative movement and the loading head of back of the body removal mutually, tensile test spare includes the test piece body, the linkage segment that the both ends of test piece body are for being used for being connected with tensile test machine's loading head, the middle part of test piece body has the section of rising the temperature that is used for being heated by heating device, periphery between section of rising the temperature and each linkage segment on the test piece body all is fixed with the insulating layer. The utility model provides an among the prior art reinforcing bar length longer, be heated the inequality easily and lead to the unsafe problem of tensile test result during the heating.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a tensile test spare, tensile test device in simulation conflagration high temperature environment influences reinforcing bar tensile test.
Background
Along with the rapid development of society, urban population is increasingly dense, the number of high-rise buildings is increased rapidly, the use of gas and electric appliances is increasingly wide, the possibility of building fire is increased gradually, the difficulty of controlling the spread of the fire is increased more and more, and the fire problem of building structures is increasingly prominent.
The fire hazard generates a high-temperature environment, and the steam pressure in the pores inside the concrete in the high-temperature environment easily causes high-temperature bursting, so that a protective layer of the reinforced concrete structure falls off, and the reinforcing steel bars are directly exposed in the high temperature of the fire hazard to be quickly softened and yielded, thereby increasing the risk of structure collapse. Even if high temperature bursting does not occur, under the continuous action of high temperature of fire, the reinforcing steel bars in the concrete member can cause the reduction of mechanical property due to the gradual rise of temperature.
The traditional high-temperature tensile test method for the steel bars comprises the steps of firstly heating the steel bars to be tested by adopting heating equipment, then placing the heated steel bars on a tensile test machine through high-temperature pliers for tensile loading so as to test the influence of high temperature on the performance of the steel bars, wherein the tensile test machine comprises loading heads which can move oppositely and oppositely, and two ends of the steel bars are respectively connected with the corresponding loading heads during the test. The conventional test method has the following problems: 1. the whole length of the steel bar to be tested is long, so that uneven heating of each part is easy to occur, and the test result is influenced; 2. in the process that the steel bar is clamped to the tensile testing machine through the high-temperature clamp, the temperature of the steel bar can be changed, so that the steel bar cannot reach the target temperature, and the experimental effect on the steel bar is influenced; 3. carry out tensile test to the reinforcing bar, in order to obtain more abundant test data, often need carry out tensile test to many reinforcing bars, heat respectively to each reinforcing bar among the prior art, on the one hand efficiency is lower, also can cause the waste of resource on the other hand.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a tensile test piece to solve the problems of the prior art that the length of the steel bar is longer, and the tensile test result is inaccurate due to uneven heating during heating; an object of the utility model is to provide an use tensile test device of this tensile test spare still.
For solving the technical problem, the utility model discloses well tensile test spare's technical scheme as follows:
the utility model provides a tensile test spare, includes the test spare body, and the test spare body periphery is provided with interval arrangement be used for with last oven, lower oven wall on the test piece punch a corresponding insulating layer, and the test spare body between the insulating layer forms the intensification section that is used for being heated by heating device, and the both ends of the test spare body of the dorsal part of insulating layer form the linkage segment that is used for being connected with the loading head of tensile test device.
The thermal-insulating layer is a concrete thermal-insulating layer which is poured into an integral structure with the test piece body.
The test piece body is made by whole reinforcing bar, perhaps the test piece body comprises the steel fibre test piece at middle part and the connecting reinforcement who is fixed in steel fibre test piece both ends, and the insulating layer is fixed in the periphery of steel fibre test piece and connecting reinforcement junction.
The utility model discloses well tensile test device's technical scheme does:
the tensile test device comprises a heating device, a tensile test machine and a tensile test piece, wherein the tensile test machine comprises a loading head capable of moving relatively and moving back to back, the tensile test piece comprises a test piece body, the heating device comprises a heating furnace, a test piece perforation is arranged on an upper furnace wall and a lower furnace wall of the heating furnace, heat insulation layers which are arranged at intervals and used for corresponding to the test piece perforation on the upper furnace wall and the lower furnace wall are arranged on the periphery of the test piece body, the test piece body between the heat insulation layers forms a temperature rising section used for being heated by the heating device, two ends of the test piece body on the opposite side of the heat insulation layers form a connecting section used for being connected with the loading head of the tensile test machine, each heat insulation layer is respectively positioned in the corresponding test piece perforation, and the connecting sections at two.
The thermal-insulating layer is a concrete thermal-insulating layer which is poured into an integral structure with the test piece body.
The test piece body is made by whole reinforcing bar, perhaps the test piece body comprises the steel fibre test piece at middle part and the connecting reinforcement who is fixed in steel fibre test piece both ends, and the insulating layer is fixed in the periphery of steel fibre test piece and connecting reinforcement junction.
The tensile test piece has at least two, and each tensile test piece is along preceding back direction interval arrangement, is provided with the fixing device who corresponds the arrangement with tensile test piece on the heating furnace, and fixing device is including the clamping part that can carry out centre gripping and unclamp to tensile test piece, and heating device still includes the heating furnace support, but the relative heating furnace support back-and-forth movement of heating furnace.
The bottom of the heating furnace is provided with a travelling wheel for realizing the forward and backward movement of the heating furnace relative to the heating furnace bracket.
The fixing device is arranged at the bottom of the heating furnace and is used for clamping and fixing the heat insulation layer on the lower side of the tensile test piece.
The tensile test device further comprises a large deformation extensometer, the large deformation extensometer comprises an upper measuring arm and a lower measuring arm which are arranged in parallel up and down and can move relatively and move back to back, and the upper measuring arm and the lower measuring arm are respectively connected with the heat insulation layers on the upper side and the lower side of the heating furnace.
The utility model has the advantages that: in the utility model, the heat insulation layers are fixed on the periphery of the test piece bodies on both sides of the temperature rise section, when the tensile test piece is heated by the heating device, only the test piece body of the temperature rising section is heated, the test piece bodies on the two sides of the temperature rising section are not heated, the normal temperature state is basically kept, therefore, the length of the actually heated temperature raising section is shortened, the temperature can be basically kept uniform and consistent, the deformation of the temperature rise section is obtained through a formula L-F x L/k, L represents the loading deformation of a large deformation extensometer for measuring a tensile test piece, F represents the loading force of a tensile test device on the tensile test piece, L represents the difference between the total length of the test piece body and the length of the temperature rise section, namely the length of the test piece body of the normal temperature section, k represents the elastic coefficient of the steel bar at the normal temperature, the deformation of the temperature rise section can be accurately obtained, and therefore the influence of the temperature on the tensile strength of the steel bar is obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a tensile testing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the heating apparatus of FIG. 1 in combination with a tensile testing apparatus;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the fixing device and the insulation layer of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
Examples of the tensile test apparatus are shown in FIGS. 1 to 3: comprises a heating device, a tensile testing machine, a tensile testing piece 17 and a large deformation extensometer 7. The tensile testing machine is a conventional reinforcing steel bar tensile testing machine and comprises a base 14, four upright posts 2 are arranged on the base, a beam 1 capable of moving up and down is assembled on the upright posts 2 in a guiding and moving mode, loading heads used for being connected with reinforcing steel bars are respectively arranged on the beam and the base 1, the loading head on the beam is called an upper loading head 3 in the embodiment, the loading head on the base is called a lower loading head 13, the lower loading head is driven by a loading mechanism, the loading mechanism in the embodiment is a loading cylinder which is vertically arranged, and the upper loading head and the lower loading head belong to the prior art, and the structure of the loading head is not described in detail herein.
The heating device comprises a heating furnace support 12 and a heating furnace 5 internally provided with a resistance heating wire, wherein the bottom of the heating furnace is provided with walking wheels 10 which are guided and move along the front-back direction to be matched with the heating furnace support, and the heating furnace support is provided with scale marks 21 which are arranged along the front-back direction. The heating furnace comprises an upper furnace wall 16, a lower furnace wall 20 and a peripheral furnace wall 18 arranged between the upper furnace wall 16 and the lower furnace wall 20, and the whole heating furnace is of a cuboid box-shaped structure with the length extending along the front-back direction. The upper furnace wall and the lower furnace wall of the heating furnace are provided with test piece through holes 24 which are correspondingly arranged up and down, six test piece through holes 24 are arranged in the embodiment, and the test piece through holes are arranged at intervals along the front-back direction. The bottom of the heating furnace is provided with fixing devices 19 corresponding to the test piece through holes on the lower sides respectively, the fixing devices are used for temporarily fixing the tensile test piece 17 and comprise clamping parts capable of clamping and loosening the tensile test piece, the fixing devices comprise annular fixed seats 22 which are fixed on the bottom of the lower furnace wall and are arranged coaxially with the corresponding test piece through holes, and the clamping parts are formed by jacking screws 23 which are connected to the annular fixed seats along radial threads.
The tensile test piece comprises a vertically arranged test piece body, the test piece body is made of a whole steel bar in the embodiment, the two ends of the test piece body are connecting sections 15 used for being connected with a loading head of the tensile test device, and heat insulation layers 4 which are arranged at intervals up and down are poured and fixed on the peripheries of the test piece bodies on the adjacent sides of the two connecting sections, in the embodiment, the heat insulation layers are concrete heat insulation layers poured into an integral structure with the test piece body, the heat insulation layer on the upper side is called an upper heat insulation layer 4, and the heat insulation layer on the lower side is called a lower heat insulation layer 9. The part of the test piece body between the upper and lower insulating layers 4, 9 forms a warming section 8 for being heated by the heating device. The large-deformation extensometer comprises an upper measuring arm 6 and a lower measuring arm 11 which are arranged side by side up and down and can move relatively and move back to back, wherein the upper measuring arm 6 and the lower measuring arm 11 are respectively connected with heat insulation layers on the upper side and the lower side of a heating furnace, a horizontal jack is specifically arranged on each heat insulation layer, and the upper measuring arm and the lower measuring arm can be directly inserted into the corresponding horizontal jack to be connected with the heat insulation layers.
When the device is used, six tensile test pieces are respectively arranged in corresponding test piece through holes in a penetrating mode, the heat insulation layer on the upper portion corresponds to the test piece through hole on the upper portion, and the heat insulation layer on the lower portion corresponds to the test piece through hole on the lower portion. The connecting sections at the two ends of the test piece body are respectively positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the heating furnace, and the screwing jacking screws are screwed to prop against the heat insulation layer on the lower side of the corresponding steel bar test piece, so that the temporary fixation of each tensile test piece is realized. Then the heating furnace heats the temperature rise sections of the tensile test pieces, the tensile test pieces are heated simultaneously, on one hand, energy can be saved, in addition, the consistency of the test temperature of the tensile test pieces can be ensured, in the process that the tensile test pieces are heated, only the temperature rise sections are heated basically, the test piece bodies on the upper side and the lower side of the temperature rise sections are wrapped by the heat insulation layers and are not heated, and the normal temperature state is kept. The upper loading head descends, the lower loading head ascends to be connected with two ends of one steel bar test piece, the upper measuring arm and the lower measuring arm of the large deformation extensometer are respectively connected with corresponding heat insulation layers, corresponding fixing devices are loosened, then a loading mechanism applies tensile force to the test piece body through the lower loading head, the deformation extensometer measures the overall value deformation of the tensile test piece to be L, the loading deformation of a temperature rise section is L1= L-F L/k, F in the formula represents the loading force of the loading head of the tensile test machine to the tensile test piece, k represents the elastic coefficient of the steel bar at normal temperature, L = the total length of the test piece body minus the length of the temperature rise section before non-stretching, the deformation of the temperature rise section can be accurately obtained, after the tensile test piece is stretched, the heating furnace is moved back and forth, and the tensile test of other tensile test pieces can be completed, and obtaining a plurality of groups of test data, wherein the temperature of the furnace chamber is kept consistent in the test process of the heating furnace. The utility model discloses an in other embodiments, when needs carry out tensile test to the tensile test spare of difference, the test spare body also can change, for example when needs carry out tensile test to steel bar fiber, the test spare body can be by middle part steel fiber test piece and be fixed in the connecting reinforcement at steel fiber test piece both ends and constitute, and the insulating layer is fixed in the periphery of steel fiber test piece and connecting reinforcement junction. In other embodiments of the present invention: the insulation layer can also be made of other materials, such as insulation cotton; the number of the test piece through holes can be set according to needs, for example, two, three or other numbers.
The embodiment of the tensile test piece is shown in fig. 1-2, and the specific structure of the tensile test piece is the same as that of the tensile test piece described in each of the above embodiments of the tensile testing apparatus, and will not be described in detail here.
The method comprises the following steps that firstly, at least two tensile test pieces are respectively arranged in corresponding test piece through holes in a heating furnace of a heating device in a penetrating mode, connecting sections at two ends of each tensile test piece are respectively located on the upper side and the lower side of the heating furnace, a heat insulation layer of each tensile test piece corresponds to the test piece through holes in the upper position and the lower position, and a clamping part of a fixing device clamps and temporarily fixes the corresponding tensile test pieces; secondly, heating the temperature rise sections of the tensile test pieces by a heating furnace; thirdly, connecting a loading head of a tensile testing machine to a connecting section of one tensile testing piece, loosening a fixing device corresponding to the tensile testing piece, connecting an upper measuring arm and a lower measuring arm of a large deformation extensometer to heat insulation layers on the upper side and the lower side, carrying out tensile loading on the tensile testing piece through the tensile testing machine, measuring a loading deformation L of the tensile testing piece through the large deformation extensometer, and obtaining a deformation of a temperature rise section through a formula L-F L/k, wherein F in the formula represents a loading force of the loading head of the tensile testing machine to the tensile testing piece, k represents an elastic coefficient of a reinforcing steel bar at normal temperature, and L = the length of the temperature rise section before non-stretching is subtracted from the total length of a testing piece body; and fourthly, loosening the connection between the loading head and the tensile test piece, moving the heating furnace back and forth, moving the connecting sections of other tensile test pieces to the positions corresponding to the positions of the loading head, repeating the third step, and sequentially finishing the tensile test of each tensile test piece. The tensile test piece, the heating device and the tensile testing machine in the method are the same as those in the above-described embodiments of the tensile testing apparatus, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a tensile test spare, includes the test spare body, its characterized in that: the periphery of the test piece body is provided with heat insulation layers which are arranged at intervals and used for corresponding to the test piece through holes in the upper furnace wall and the lower furnace wall, the test piece body between the heat insulation layers forms a temperature rising section heated by a heating device, and two ends of the test piece body on the opposite side of the heat insulation layers form a connecting section connected with a loading head of a tensile test device.
2. The tensile test piece of claim 1, wherein: the thermal-insulating layer is a concrete thermal-insulating layer which is poured into an integral structure with the test piece body.
3. The tensile test piece of claim 1, wherein: the test piece body is made by whole reinforcing bar, perhaps the test piece body comprises the steel fibre test piece at middle part and the connecting reinforcement who is fixed in steel fibre test piece both ends, and the insulating layer is fixed in the periphery of steel fibre test piece and connecting reinforcement junction.
4. Tensile test device, including heating device, tensile test machine and tensile test spare, tensile test machine includes relative movement and the loading head of carrying on the back of the body removal mutually, and tensile test spare includes the testpieces body, its characterized in that: the heating device comprises a heating furnace, test piece through holes are formed in an upper furnace wall and a lower furnace wall of the heating furnace, heat insulation layers which are arranged at intervals and correspond to the test piece through holes in the upper furnace wall and the lower furnace wall are arranged on the periphery of the test piece body, a temperature rise section which is used for being heated by the heating device is formed at the test piece body between the heat insulation layers, connecting sections which are used for being connected with a loading head of the tensile test device are formed at two ends of the test piece body on the opposite side of each heat insulation layer, each heat insulation layer is respectively located in the corresponding test piece through hole, and the connecting sections at two ends of the test piece.
5. The tensile testing apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the test piece body is made by whole reinforcing bar, perhaps the test piece body comprises the steel fibre test piece at middle part and the connecting reinforcement who is fixed in steel fibre test piece both ends, and the insulating layer is fixed in the periphery of steel fibre test piece and connecting reinforcement junction.
6. The tensile testing apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the tensile test piece has at least two, and each tensile test piece is along preceding back direction interval arrangement, is provided with the fixing device who corresponds the arrangement with tensile test piece on the heating furnace, and fixing device is including the clamping part that can carry out centre gripping and unclamp to tensile test piece, and heating device still includes the heating furnace support, but the relative heating furnace support back-and-forth movement of heating furnace.
7. The tensile testing apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the bottom of the heating furnace is provided with a travelling wheel for realizing the forward and backward movement of the heating furnace relative to the heating furnace bracket.
8. The tensile testing apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the thermal-insulating layer is a concrete thermal-insulating layer which is poured into an integral structure with the test piece body.
9. The tensile test apparatus according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein: the tensile test device further comprises a large deformation extensometer, the large deformation extensometer comprises an upper measuring arm and a lower measuring arm which are arranged in parallel up and down and can move relatively and move back to back, and the upper measuring arm and the lower measuring arm are respectively connected with the heat insulation layers on the upper side and the lower side of the heating furnace.
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| CN201921243940.8U CN210293875U (en) | 2019-08-02 | 2019-08-02 | Tensile test piece and tensile test device |
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| CN201921243940.8U CN210293875U (en) | 2019-08-02 | 2019-08-02 | Tensile test piece and tensile test device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110320111A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-10-11 | 河南工程学院 | A kind of tension test part, tensile test apparatus and stretching test method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110320111A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-10-11 | 河南工程学院 | A kind of tension test part, tensile test apparatus and stretching test method |
| CN110320111B (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2021-12-21 | 河南工程学院 | Tensile test piece, tensile test device and tensile test method |
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