CN210270331U - Selective laser melting light path focusing adjusting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a selectivity laser melting light path focus adjusting device and adjusting method thereof relates to laser 3D and prints technical field. Its technical essential is including setting up in the regional dustcoat top of shop powder and internally mounted have selectivity laser melting light path subassembly laser box, the vertical setting of axis and upper and lower both ends respectively with the laser box with spread the telescopic optics seat of the regional dustcoat inside intercommunication of powder, install in the lift adjustment subassembly of shop powder regional dustcoat top and upper end and laser box's ground connection and install the front and back adjusting part in the laser box, the utility model has the advantages of can adjust when the skew takes place for selectivity laser melting light path focus.

Description

Selective laser melting light path focusing adjusting device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a laser 3D prints technical field, more specifically says that it relates to a selectivity laser melting light path focus adjusting device.

Background

Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology is a new Rapid Prototyping (RP) technology that emerged in the mid-90 s of the 20 th century. The forming machine has the advantages of simple forming process, high material utilization rate, wide practicability, high forming efficiency and the like, so that the forming machine is widely concerned, and has the characteristics of good compactness, excellent performance, high precision and the like, so that the forming machine is generally regarded.

As shown in fig. 1, the principle of SLM shaping is as follows: step 1, reading an STL file of a three-dimensional solid part to be processed by using rapid prototyping software, adding appropriate process parameters after layering and slicing, designing a laser scanning path, and generating a corresponding numerical control code; step 2, uniformly paving a layer of very thin (usually dozens of microns) metal powder on a reference working platform by using a powder paving device; step 3, the computer drives a reference working platform positioned in the powder laying area outer cover 2 to move according to the numerical control code generated in the step 1, so that the selective laser melting light path component 1 (generally comprising a laser and a reflector) can perform selective laser melting on powder, and the melted powder is cooled and solidified together to form a solid part of a part; step 4, after the sintering of a layer of powder is finished, under the control of a computer, the forming cylinder is lowered to a certain height, and meanwhile, after the powder feeding cylinder is raised to a corresponding height, the powder laying mechanism re-lays a layer of very thin (usually dozens of microns) metal powder, and a laser beam starts scanning of a new layer; and 5, continuously repeating the process by the system until the three-dimensional solid parts are stacked and piled up, removing the loose powder which is not sintered after the processing is finished to obtain a blank, and directly using the blank after simple sand blasting or polishing treatment.

The selective laser melting equipment is mainly used for producing various precision structures which have higher precision requirements and special shapes and are difficult to form by adopting a conventional production method, such as medical dentures, precision cutters, ultra-light aerospace parts, micro radiators, porous biological components and the like, the production precision of the precision structures is influenced by the precision of laser beams emitted by selective laser melting light paths, and generally, in the processes of design, production and assembly, production personnel can directly calculate the installation positions of the selective laser melting light paths according to the focal lengths of the selective laser melting light paths in the design stage so as to ensure the precision of the laser beams; however, due to a slight deviation of the selective laser melting optical path component caused by an assembly error in the installation process, the focal length of the laser beam does not actually act on the reference working platform, and the existing selective laser melting equipment does not have the function of readjusting the focal length of the selective laser melting optical path, so that improvement is needed.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

To the technical problem that exists, an object of the utility model is to provide a selectivity laser melting light path focus adjusting device, it has the advantage that can adjust when the skew takes place for selectivity laser melting light path focus.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions, including:

the lower end of the telescopic optical seat is mounted on the powder spreading area outer cover, the telescopic optical seat is arranged in a hollow mode and is communicated with the interior of the powder spreading area outer cover, the telescopic direction of the telescopic optical seat is the vertical direction, and the selective laser melting light path assembly is arranged at the upper end of the telescopic optical seat;

the lifting adjusting assembly is arranged on the powder spreading area outer cover, and the upper end of the lifting adjusting assembly is connected with the selective laser melting light path assembly so as to adjust the actual focusing point position of the selective laser melting light path assembly;

one end of the laser box is fixed at the upper end of the telescopic optical seat, the other end of the laser box is fixed at the upper end of the lifting adjusting component, the selective laser melting light path component is arranged in the laser box, and a laser and a reflector of the selective laser melting light path component are respectively arranged at two ends of the laser box;

the front and back adjusting assembly comprises a beam expanding lens and a horizontal adjusting mechanism, wherein the beam expanding lens is arranged in the laser box and is positioned between the laser and the reflecting mirror, and the horizontal adjusting mechanism is arranged in the laser box and is used for driving the beam expanding lens to move back and forth along the light beam emitting direction of the laser;

the laser beam emitted by the selective laser melting light path component is vertically projected on a reference working platform in the powder spreading area outer cover through a hollow channel of the telescopic optical seat, and the gravity center of the laser box is located on a lifting path of the lifting adjusting component.

By adopting the technical scheme, the actual height of the laser box with the gravity center on the lifting adjusting component can be adjusted by the lifting adjusting component, so that the effect of adjusting the height of the focus point of the laser beam emitted by the selective laser melting light path component arranged in the laser box is achieved, then the position of the beam expanding lens is adjusted by the horizontal adjusting mechanism, the diameter and the divergence angle of the laser beam acted on the reflecting mirror by the laser beam are adjusted, further, the tiny error caused by the lifting adjusting component is compensated and adjusted, the focus point of the laser beam emitted by the selective laser melting light path component is clearer and more accurate, the telescopic optical seat and the lifting adjusting component can play a two-point supporting and positioning effect on the laser box, the installation of the laser box is more stable, and meanwhile, dust can be prevented from directly entering the laser box from a port for projecting the laser beam, effectively playing a dustproof role.

The utility model discloses further set up to: the telescopic optical seat comprises a fixed seat fixed on the powder spreading region outer cover and a movable ring which is sleeved on the upper end of the fixed seat and is in transition fit with the outer wall of the inner wall and the fixed seat, the upper end of the movable ring is connected with the bottom surface of the laser box, and optical light-transmitting glass is arranged at the lower end of the fixed seat and the part of the powder spreading region outer cover, which is connected with the lower end of the fixed seat.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, make the activity ring of being connected with the laser box can be along the axis oscilaltion of fixing base through the transition fit between activity ring and the fixing base to reach the effect that realizes telescopic optics seat flexible from top to bottom, can avoid the dust directly to invade the laser box through telescopic optics seat through optics printing opacity glass in, and can not lead to the fact the influence to the throwing of laser beam.

The utility model discloses further set up to: the outer wall of the fixing seat is provided with an inner groove circumferentially arranged along the axis of the ring fixing seat, and a sealing ring matched with the inner wall of the movable ring is installed in the inner groove.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, utilize the sealing washer can ensure the leakproofness between fixing base outer wall and the activity ring inner wall, utilize the inner groovy can supply the sealing washer joint location.

The utility model discloses further set up to: the lift adjustment subassembly is including being fixed in the support urceolus on the regional dustcoat of shop's powder, slide connect in support urceolus and the vertical lift axle that sets up of direction of sliding and rotate connect in support urceolus and with the fine setting thread bush of the outer wall threaded connection of lift axle, the upper end of lift axle is connected with the bottom surface of laser box.

By adopting the technical scheme, the threaded connection relation between the fine adjustment threaded sleeve and the lifting shaft and the up-down sliding relation between the lifting shaft and the supporting outer barrel are utilized, so that when a worker rotates the fine adjustment threaded sleeve, the fine adjustment threaded sleeve can drive the lifting shaft to lift up and down along the axis direction of the supporting outer barrel, and the effect of adjusting the actual working height of the laser box is achieved.

The utility model discloses further set up to: an adjusting shaft sleeve is fixed in the supporting outer cylinder, the lifting shaft is installed in the adjusting shaft sleeve and is in transitional connection with the inner wall of the adjusting shaft sleeve, and the fine adjustment threaded sleeve is rotatably connected with the part, extending out of the supporting outer cylinder, of the adjusting shaft sleeve.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, support the urceolus and can adopt the lower adoption of cost to make, only need to ensure to support the urceolus and have higher support intensity, then the adjustment shaft sleeve adopts that the surface smoothness is higher, the material of intensity preferred is made in order to ensure transition fit between adjustment shaft sleeve and the lift axle and adjust the axle sleeve and finely tune good rotation connection relation between the thread bush for can reach the effect that reduces lift adjustment subassembly overall cost under the prerequisite of ensuring lift adjustment subassembly lift adjustment precision.

The utility model discloses further set up to: the outer supporting barrel is in threaded connection with a fastening threaded piece which penetrates through the adjusting shaft sleeve and is perpendicular to the axis of the lifting shaft, and a limiting groove which is vertically arranged and matched with one end, connected with the lifting shaft, of the fastening threaded piece is arranged on the outer wall of the lifting shaft.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through the fastening screw spare with support the threaded connection relation between the urceolus and with the fastening screw spare with the spacing groove between support tight relation, can play and support the effect that tightly restricts the lift axle for the lift axle is adjusting high operating height and is difficult for taking place to remove because of the vibration.

The utility model discloses further set up to: horizontal adjustment mechanism is including setting up the slide rail in the laser box, sliding the slider of connecting on the slide rail and rotate and connect in the laser box and with slider threaded connection's fine setting lead screw, the beam expanding lens is fixed in on the slider, the light beam emission direction setting of laser instrument is all followed to slide rail and fine setting lead screw.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through the rotation connection relation between fine setting lead screw and the laser box and the threaded connection relation between fine setting lead screw and the slider make the staff can make a round trip the effect that slides along slide rail length direction through rotating the fine setting lead screw in order to reach the drive slider, finally reach the effect that drives the beam expander and make a round trip to adjust along laser emission direction.

The utility model discloses further set up to: the laser box comprises a laser box body, a laser box body and two side sealing plates, wherein the two sides of the laser box body are provided with openings, and the two side sealing plates are fixed on the laser box body in a bolt locking mode and used for sealing the openings on the left side and the right side of the laser box body.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the opening setting that utilizes the laser box makes the staff can stretch into the laser box with the hand and adjust the fine setting lead screw with dismantling the relation of connection between side seal board and the laser box, and can utilize the side seal board to seal the laser box once more after adjusting the fine setting lead screw.

The utility model discloses further set up to: and one end of the laser box, which is far away from the telescopic optical seat, is provided with a bearing plate for adjusting the gravity center of the laser box.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, because the movable ring in wherein one end of laser box and the telescopic optics seat is connected, lead to the focus of laser box to shift towards telescopic optics seat, consequently set up the bearing plate through the one end of keeping away from telescopic optics seat at the laser box and can reach the actual focus orientation of laser box and keep away from the direction skew of telescopic optics seat to make the actual focus of laser box can act on lift adjustment subassembly.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

(1) the selective laser melting light path with the offset focal length can be adjusted, and the focusing point of a laser beam emitted by the selective laser melting light path can be ensured to act on the reference working platform;

(2) the adjusting structure is simple, the structure is compact, the design cost is low, the technical use requirement is low, the transformation and the use of various conventional selective laser melting devices are facilitated, and the technical popularization value is high;

(3) x, Y, Z triaxial adjustment is not needed for the reference working platform, so that the position parameter of the reference working platform is not needed to be reset after the focal length is adjusted, and the technical requirement of software control is effectively reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art selective laser ablation apparatus;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser box according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of part A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the lift adjustment assembly of the present embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an external structure of the lifting adjustment assembly of this embodiment

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 6 according to the present embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 6 according to the present embodiment;

fig. 9 is a schematic flow chart of the present embodiment.

Reference numerals: 1. a selective laser melting optical path component; 2. covering a powder spreading area; 3. a laser box; 31. a bearing plate; 32. a side sealing plate; 4. a retractable optical mount; 41. a fixed seat; 411. an inner groove; 42. a movable ring; 43. a seal ring; 44. an optically transparent glass; 5. a lift adjustment assembly; 51. supporting the outer cylinder; 511. fastening a screw; 52. adjusting the shaft sleeve; 521. a limiting flange; 53. a lifting shaft; 531. a limiting groove; 54. fine adjustment of the thread sleeve; 55. a first close holding pole; 551. an arc-shaped slot; 56. a second holding pole; 57. a threaded rod member; 58. a spring; 6. a front and rear adjustment assembly; 61. a beam expander; 62. a horizontal adjustment mechanism; 621. fine adjustment of a screw rod; 622. a slide rail; 623. a slide block.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

A selective laser melting light path focusing adjusting device is provided, as shown in figure 2, the device comprises a laser box 3 which is arranged above a powder spreading area outer cover 2 and internally provided with a selective laser melting light path component 1 for preventing the selective laser melting light path component 1 from being corroded by dust, a telescopic optical seat 4 with an axis vertically arranged and upper and lower ends respectively communicated with the laser box 3 and the powder spreading area outer cover 2 for enabling the selective laser melting light path component 1 to emit laser beams to pass through and project the laser beams on a reference working platform, a lifting adjusting component 5 which is arranged above the powder spreading area outer cover 2 and is connected with the ground of the laser box 3 at the upper end for adjusting the height position of a focusing point of the laser beams reflected by a reflector, and a front and back adjusting component 6 which is arranged in the laser box 3 for adjusting the diameter and the divergence angle of the laser beams emitted by a laser; wherein the center of gravity of the laser box 3 is located on the lifting path of the lifting adjusting assembly 5.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, two side openings of the laser box 3 are provided, and two sides of the laser are both provided with side baffles fixedly mounted on the laser box 3 in a bolt locking manner for closing the two side openings of the laser box 3; the laser and the reflector of the selective laser melting optical path component 1 are respectively arranged at two ends of a laser box 3, the reflector is positioned at one end of the laser box 3 close to a telescopic optical seat 4, the laser is positioned outside one end of the laser box 3 far away from the telescopic optical seat 4, and a laser head of the laser is positioned in the laser box 3; wherein, a bearing plate 31 for adjusting the actual gravity center position of the laser box 3 is arranged at one end of the laser box 3 far away from the telescopic optical seat 4.

As shown in fig. 3, the front-back adjusting assembly 6 installed in the laser box 3 includes a beam expander 61 located between the laser and the reflector for adjusting the diameter and divergence angle of the laser beam emitted by the laser, and a horizontal adjusting mechanism 62 installed on the bottom surface of the laser box 3 for driving the beam expander 61 to move back and forth along the beam emitting direction of the laser.

The horizontal adjusting mechanism 62 includes a slide rail 622 disposed in the laser box 3 and having a length direction along a beam emitting direction of the laser, a slider 623 slidably connected to the slide rail 622 and having an upper side connected to the beam expander 61 for driving the beam expander 61 to move back and forth along the length direction of the slide rail 622, and a fine adjustment screw 621 rotatably connected to the laser box 3 and having a threaded connection with the slider 623 for driving the slider 623 to move back and forth along the length direction of the slide rail 622.

Further, scales for facilitating the worker to know the sliding position of the sliding block 623 are arranged on both sides of the sliding rail 622.

As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the retractable optical bench 4 includes a fixing base 41 fixed on the powder spreading area housing 2 and having an inner portion communicated with the powder spreading area housing 2, a movable ring 42 sleeved on an upper end of the fixing base 41 and having an upper end connected to a bottom surface of the laser box 3 for achieving a retractable function of the retractable optical bench 4, a sealing ring 43 disposed between an inner wall of the movable ring 42 and an outer wall of the fixing base 41 for improving a sealing property between the fixing base 41 and the movable ring 42, and an optical transparent glass disposed at a portion where a lower end of the fixing base 41 is connected to the powder spreading area housing 2 for preventing dust from entering the inside of the retractable optical bench 4; wherein, fixing base 41 and movable ring 42 coaxial line set up and transition fit between the two, the axis circumference that is provided with ring fixing base 41 on fixing base 41's outer wall sets up the inner groovy 411 that places in order to be used for supplying the installation of sealing washer 43, and sealing washer 43 moves together through driving sealing washer 43 when installing in inner groovy 411 in order to prevent movable ring 42 oscilaltion.

As shown in fig. 5 and fig. 2, the lifting adjusting assembly 5 includes a supporting outer cylinder 51 fixed on the outer cover 2 of the powder spreading area for playing a main bearing role, an adjusting shaft sleeve 52 fixedly installed in the supporting outer cylinder 51 and having a high surface smoothness for reducing material cost, a lifting shaft 53 slidably connected in the adjusting shaft sleeve 52 and vertically arranged in the sliding direction for jacking the laser box 3, and a fine adjustment threaded sleeve 54 rotatably connected to the upper end of the adjusting shaft sleeve 52 and in threaded connection with the outer wall of the lifting shaft 53 for driving the lifting shaft 53 to lift up and down; in order to facilitate the worker to know the height of the lifting shaft 53, the lifting adjusting assembly 5 is further provided with scales (not shown in the figure), the scales (not shown in the figure) arranged on the lifting adjusting assembly 5 can be arranged on the outer wall of the lifting shaft 53 and arranged along the length direction of the lifting shaft 53, the scales (not shown in the figure) arranged on the lifting adjusting assembly 5 can also be arranged on the outer wall of the portion, extending out of the supporting outer cylinder 51, of the adjusting shaft sleeve 52, and the axis of the ring adjusting shaft sleeve 52 is circumferentially arranged.

Wherein, the upper end of the adjusting shaft sleeve 52 is provided with a limit flange 521 which is circumferentially arranged around the axis of the adjusting shaft sleeve 52 and is abutted against the upper end surface of the supporting outer cylinder 51 by one surface facing the powder spreading area outer cover 2 so as to increase the connection strength of the supporting outer cylinder 51 and the adjusting shaft sleeve 52, and if the scale arranged on the lifting adjusting assembly 5 is arranged on the adjusting shaft sleeve 52, the scale is arranged on the outer wall of the limit flange 521.

Wherein, adjust the inside stepped hole form setting that is of axle sleeve 52, and adjust the inside stepped hole of axle sleeve 52 and be big-end-up's setting, when lift axle 53 installs in adjusting axle sleeve 52, then the lower extreme of the smooth setting of lift axle 53 and the lower extreme transition fit of the inside stepped hole of adjusting axle sleeve 52, and the upper end screw thread portion of lift axle 53 is located the upper end of the inside stepped hole of adjusting axle sleeve 52.

Further, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, a first locking mechanism for preventing the lifting shaft 53 from accidentally jumping up and down is further disposed on the lifting adjusting assembly 5; specifically, the first locking mechanism includes a fastening screw 511 which is in threaded connection with the support outer cylinder 51 and extends into the support outer cylinder 51, one end of the fastening screw is abutted against the outer wall of the lifting shaft 53, and a limiting groove 531 which is arranged on the outer wall of the lifting shaft 53 and is arranged along the length direction of the lifting shaft 53, and one end of the fastening screw 511 extending into the support outer cylinder 51 is matched with and extends into the limiting groove 531.

Further, as shown in fig. 6 and 8, a second locking mechanism for preventing the lifting shaft 53 from accidentally jumping up and down is further disposed on the lifting adjusting assembly 5; specifically, the second locking mechanism includes a first holding pole 55 that is slidably connected in the support outer cylinder 51 and the axis is horizontally arranged, a second holding pole 56 that is slidably connected in the support outer cylinder 51 and coaxially arranged with the first holding pole 55, a threaded rod 57 that is rotatably connected on the support outer cylinder 51 and is in threaded connection with the first holding pole 55 and the second holding pole 56 for driving the first holding pole 55 and the second holding pole 56 to move in opposite directions and move in opposite directions, and a spring 58 that is located between one ends of the first holding pole 55 and the second holding pole 56 that are oppositely arranged and is sleeved on the outer wall of the threaded rod 57, wherein the first holding pole 55 and the second holding pole 56 that are oppositely arranged in the threaded direction, and one ends of the first holding pole 55 and the second holding pole 56 that are oppositely arranged are both provided with an arc-shaped groove 551 that can be fitted on the outer wall of the lifting shaft 53.

As shown in fig. 9, an adjusting method for the focus adjusting apparatus as described above includes the steps of:

the method comprises the following steps: placing a test focusing plate on a reference working platform, starting the selective laser melting light path component 1, primarily measuring the size of a light spot to obtain a first group of coarse tuning data, and comparing the first group of coarse tuning data with a standard value;

step two: adjusting a fine adjustment nut threaded sleeve in the lifting adjusting component 5 according to the obtained difference value to lift the laser box 3, then resetting a new test focusing plate to obtain a second group of coarse adjustment data, and comparing the second group of coarse adjustment data with a standard value again;

step three: repeating the second step to obtain the size of the light spot relatively close to the standard value, resetting a new testing focusing plate, adjusting the fine adjustment screw 621 in the front and rear adjustment assembly 6 according to the obtained difference value to obtain a first group of fine adjustment data, and comparing the first group of fine adjustment data with the standard value;

step four: repeating the third step until an accurate and clear spot size is found, finally locking the lifting shaft 53 by using the fastening screw 511, and installing the upper side sealing plate 32;

and C, when the accurate and clear spot size cannot be found in the fourth step, repeating the second step and the third step, and finally performing the fourth step again to perform reconfirmation.

It is above only the utility model discloses a preferred embodiment, the utility model discloses a scope of protection does not only confine above-mentioned embodiment, the all belongs to the utility model discloses a technical scheme under the thinking all belongs to the utility model discloses a scope of protection. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A selective laser melting beam path focus adjustment apparatus, comprising:

the lower end of the telescopic optical seat (4) is installed on the powder spreading area outer cover (2), the telescopic optical seat (4) is arranged in a hollow mode and is communicated with the interior of the powder spreading area outer cover (2), the telescopic direction of the telescopic optical seat (4) is the vertical direction, and the selective laser melting optical path assembly (1) is arranged at the upper end of the telescopic optical seat (4);

the lifting adjusting component (5) is arranged on the powder spreading area outer cover (2), and the upper end of the lifting adjusting component (5) is connected with the selective laser melting light path component (1) so as to adjust the actual focusing point position of the selective laser melting light path component (1);

the device comprises a laser box (3), wherein one end of the laser box (3) is fixed at the upper end of a telescopic optical seat (4), the other end of the laser box is fixed at the upper end of a lifting adjusting component (5), a selective laser melting light path component (1) is installed in the laser box (3), and a laser and a reflector of the selective laser melting light path component (1) are respectively arranged at two ends of the laser box (3);

the front-back adjusting assembly (6) comprises a beam expanding lens (61) which is arranged in the laser box (3) and is positioned between the laser and the reflecting mirror, and a horizontal adjusting mechanism (62) which is arranged in the laser box (3) and is used for driving the beam expanding lens (61) to move back and forth along the beam emitting direction of the laser;

the laser beam emitted by the selective laser melting light path component (1) is vertically projected onto a reference working platform in the powder spreading area outer cover (2) through a hollow channel of the telescopic optical seat (4), and the gravity center of the laser box (3) is located on a lifting path of the lifting adjusting component (5).

2. The selective laser melting beam path focusing adjustment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: telescopic optics seat (4) are including being fixed in fixing base (41) on the regional dustcoat of shop (2) and overlapping on the upper end of fixing base (41) and inner wall and the outer wall transition complex of fixing base (41) activity ring (42), the upper end of activity ring (42) is connected with the bottom surface of laser box (3), the position that fixing base (41) lower extreme and shop powder regional dustcoat (2) meet is provided with optics printing opacity glass (44).

3. The selective laser melting beam path focusing adjustment device according to claim 2, wherein: the outer wall of fixing base (41) is provided with inner groove (411) that the axis circumference of ring fixing base (41) set up, install in inner groove (411) with the inner wall complex sealing washer (43) of activity ring (42).

4. The selective laser melting beam path focusing adjustment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: lift adjustment subassembly (5) including being fixed in support urceolus (51) on shop's powder region dustcoat (2), slide and connect in support urceolus (51) and the vertical lift axle (53) that sets up of direction of sliding and rotate connect in support urceolus (51) and with the fine setting thread bush (54) of the outer wall threaded connection of lift axle (53), the upper end of lift axle (53) is connected with the bottom surface of laser box (3).

5. The selective laser melting beam path focusing adjustment device according to claim 4, wherein: an adjusting shaft sleeve (52) is fixed in the supporting outer cylinder (51), the lifting shaft (53) is installed in the adjusting shaft sleeve (52) and is in transitional connection with the inner wall of the adjusting shaft sleeve (52), and the fine adjustment threaded sleeve (54) is rotatably connected with the part, extending out of the supporting outer cylinder (51), of the adjusting shaft sleeve (52).

6. The selective laser melting beam path focusing adjustment device according to claim 5, wherein: the supporting outer cylinder (51) is in threaded connection with a fastening threaded part (511) penetrating through the adjusting shaft sleeve (52) and the axis of the fastening threaded part is perpendicular to the axis of the lifting shaft (53), and a limit groove (531) which is vertically arranged and matched with one end of the lifting shaft (53) connected with the fastening threaded part (511) is arranged on the outer wall of the lifting shaft (53).

7. The selective laser melting beam path focusing adjustment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: horizontal adjustment mechanism (62) including set up slide rail (622) in laser box (3), slide and connect slider (623) on slide rail (622) and rotate and connect in laser box (3) and with slider (623) threaded connection's fine setting lead screw (621), beam expanding lens (61) are fixed in on slider (623), slide rail (622) and fine setting lead screw (621) all set up along the beam emission direction of laser instrument.

8. The selective laser melting beam path focusing adjustment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the laser box comprises a laser box body (3), wherein openings are formed in the left side and the right side of the laser box body (3), and the laser box body (3) further comprises two side sealing plates (32) which are fixed on the laser box body (3) in a bolt locking mode and used for sealing the openings in the left side and the right side of the laser box body (3).

9. The selective laser melting beam path focusing adjustment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: and a bearing plate (31) used for adjusting the gravity center of the laser box (3) is arranged at one end of the laser box (3) far away from the telescopic optical seat (4).

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