CN210243461U - Automatic control system for double-sided detection of PCB - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a two-sided detection automatic control system of PCB board, including artifical detection achievement platform, optical detection equipment, tilting mechanism gets board department, power module. Because of tilting mechanism includes the steelframe of directly arranging ground in, the connecting axle, rotary device, the rotation axis, magnetism limit switch, the magnetism piston, the motor cabinet, step motor, the step motor output shaft, fan-shaped shielding piece, the alloy rotates the hack lever, a plurality of vacuum chuck, collision hurdle, PCB board to and pneumatic control part. During the use, utilize tilting mechanism to adsorb the PCB board, rotatory carry other appointed positions with the PCB board again, replace all actions of manual operation, avoided the human error that arouses for the PCB board when operating personnel operates and lead to unstable factor to take place for can reduce the stability of human factor interference PCB board, the phenomenon of reliability takes place. Meanwhile, the production efficiency can be improved, and the personnel cost can be reduced.

Description

Automatic control system for double-sided detection of PCB

[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device

The utility model relates to a with the two-sided automatic control system that detects of PCB board among the circuit board technical field.

[ background of the invention ]

With the continuous forward progress and development of society, along with the higher and higher requirements on the intellectualization and informatization of electronic products, the intellectualization development of the electronic products directly puts higher requirements on PCB boards. However, the PCB is developed to have a high density, a thinner wire and a larger number of layers, and at the same time, the design technology is developed from the original pure manual drawing level to the level of the design by the computer aided design and the electronic design automation. Technical defects such as pinholes, depressions, notches, hole plugs, hole breakage and the like frequently occur in the manufacturing process of the PCB, and in order to enable the performance of the processed PCB to be more stable, the accuracy is higher, the efficiency is higher, and the detection of the technical defects of the PCB is of great importance in the processing process. The PCB technical defect detection is divided into manual detection and AOI auxiliary detection according to a detection method. The manual detection means that whether the technical defects exist is observed manually on the original PCB, then parameters such as voltage, current and resistance of the original PCB are measured and compared with normal values to judge whether the original PCB is normal, the method usually consumes long time, and missed detection and wrong detection are easy to generate. An AOI-assisted detection then occurred. The AOI auxiliary detection is called automatic optical detection, and the automatic optical detection is equipment for detecting various defects encountered in the PCB welding production process through an optical principle. AOI detects to be the novel PCB test technology of present mainstream, and after beginning automated inspection, the AOI machine is through adorning the automatic scanning of accomplishing PCB at inside camera, successively accomplishes: collecting images, comparing the welding points to be tested with the qualified PCB parameters stored in the database, processing the images to detect various defects on the PCB, and displaying or identifying the defects through an external display screen or some identification signal equipment. Different PCB board detection methods are slightly different among the prior art, and manual assistance of an AOI machine is needed to place boards and pick and stack qualified boards and defective boards in the detection process. Although the traditional PCB is detected by the AOI machine, in the detection process, the AOI machine still needs to be manually assisted to perform actions such as PCB turning, qualified plate defect plate stacking and the like, so that the working efficiency is low, and the labor cost is high.

[ Utility model ] content

The technical purpose of the utility model is to provide one kind in order to solve the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists and can improve production efficiency, reduce personnel's cost to and reduce the stability of human factor interference, reliable, the two-sided automatic control system that detects of efficient PCB board.

In order to achieve the above technical problem, the present invention provides an automatic control system for double-sided detection of PCB board, which comprises a manual detection workbench, an optical detection device installed around the manual detection workbench, a turnover mechanism installed at the side of the optical detection device, a board fetching position installed at the side of the optical detection device, a stacking plate position and a power supply module; the turnover mechanism comprises a steel frame directly arranged on the ground, a connecting shaft arranged at the upper end of the steel frame, a rotating device arranged on the upper end face of the connecting shaft, a rotating shaft arranged inside the rotating device, a magnetic limit switch arranged on the rotating shaft, a magnetic piston, a motor seat arranged at one end of the rotating device, a stepping motor arranged on the motor seat, a stepping motor output shaft linked with the stepping motor, a fan-shaped shielding piece arranged on the stepping motor, an alloy rotating skeleton rod fixedly linked with one end of the motor seat, a plurality of vacuum chucks arranged on the alloy rotating skeleton rod, a collision barrier arranged on optical detection equipment, a PCB arranged inside the collision barrier, and a pneumatic control component arranged inside the steel frame.

Further limiting, the pneumatic control component comprises a PLC, a motor driver respectively connected with one end of the PLC, a human-computer interface module, a DSP module respectively connected with the other end of the PLC, a body IO amount module and an expansion IO amount module; the PLC controller is communicated with the DSP controller of the turnover mechanism through an IO port, the 2-path stepping motor connection control is realized through the PWM function of the PLC controller, and the PLC controller is in communication connection with the MCGS touch screen through an RS485 interface.

Further, the PLC controller comprises a main controller of the PLC266, a relay circuit connected with the main controller, and a turnover mechanism control connecting circuit connected between the controller and the relay circuit; the relay circuit comprises an AOI control module and a solenoid valve control module; the AOI control module comprises an AOI output interface and an AOI switch connected with the AOI output interface; the electromagnetic valve control module comprises an electromagnetic valve interface and a battery switch connected with the electromagnetic valve interface; the turnover mechanism control connection circuit comprises a turnover mechanism input unit and a PLCS output unit connected with the turnover mechanism input unit; the turnover mechanism input unit comprises at least two input control switches; the PLCS output unit comprises at least two output switches which are correspondingly connected with the input control switch.

Further limiting, the PLC controller also comprises a stepping motor control module, a turnover mechanism control module, a sensor signal acquisition module and a touch screen module; the turnover mechanism control module comprises a plate grabbing and placing part, an auxiliary turnover part, a stacking part and a functional part; the sensor signal acquisition module comprises an infrared limit signal, a magnetic limit signal and an infrared distance measurement signal; the touch screen comprises a starting or pause emergency part, a pose selection part and a plate width setting part.

The utility model has the advantages that: the turnover mechanism comprises a steel frame directly arranged on the ground, a connecting shaft arranged at the upper end of the steel frame, a rotating device arranged on the upper end face of the connecting shaft, a rotating shaft arranged inside the rotating device, a magnetic limit switch arranged on the rotating shaft, a magnetic piston, a motor base arranged at one end of the rotating device, a stepping motor arranged on the motor base, a stepping motor output shaft linked with the stepping motor, a fan-shaped shielding piece arranged on the stepping motor, an alloy rotating skeleton rod fixedly linked with one end of the motor base, a plurality of vacuum chucks arranged on the alloy rotating skeleton rod, a collision barrier arranged on optical detection equipment, a PCB arranged inside the collision barrier, and a pneumatic control component arranged inside the steel frame. During the use, utilize tilting mechanism to adsorb the PCB board, rotatory carry other appointed positions with the PCB board again, replace all actions of manual operation, avoided the human error that arouses for the PCB board when operating personnel operates and lead to unstable factor to take place for can reduce the stability of human factor interference PCB board, the phenomenon of reliability takes place. Meanwhile, the production efficiency can be improved, and the personnel cost can be reduced.

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[ description of the drawings ]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the PCB double-sided inspection automatic control system of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a use state 1 of the turnover mechanism in the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the use state 2 of the turnover mechanism of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the PLC controller of the present invention;

[ detailed description ] embodiments

In order to make the technical problem, technical solution and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention clearer and more obvious, the following description of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments is provided for further details. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, an automatic control system for double-sided detection of PCB board is described below with reference to an embodiment, which includes a manual detection table 1, an optical detection device 2, a turnover mechanism 3, a board taking position 4, a board stacking position 5, and a power supply module. The plate taking position 4 and the plate stacking position 5 are arranged on one side surface of the optical detection device 2, the turnover mechanism 3 is arranged on one end surface of the optical detection device 2, and the turnover mechanism 3 is arranged between the optical detection device 2 and the plate taking position 4. The optical detection equipment 2 is arranged around the manual detection workbench 1.

The turnover mechanism 3 comprises a steel frame 30 directly arranged on the ground, a connecting shaft 31 arranged at the upper end of the steel frame 30, a rotating device 32 arranged on the upper end face of the connecting shaft 31, a rotating shaft 33 arranged inside the rotating device 32, a magnetic limit switch 34 arranged on the rotating shaft 33, a magnetic piston 35, a motor seat 36 arranged at one end of the rotating device 32, a stepping motor 37 arranged on the motor seat 36, a stepping motor output shaft 38 connected with the stepping motor 37, a fan-shaped shielding sheet 39 arranged on the stepping motor 37, an alloy rotating skeleton rod 301 fixedly connected with one end of the motor seat 36, a plurality of vacuum suction cups 302 arranged on the alloy rotating skeleton rod 301, a collision skeleton 303 arranged on the optical detection equipment 2, and a pneumatic control component 304 arranged inside the steel frame 30 and arranged on a PCB plate inside the collision skeleton 303.

The pneumatic control component 304 comprises a PLC, a motor driver respectively connected with one end of the PLC, a human-computer interface module, a DSP module respectively connected with the other end of the PLC, a body IO amount module and an expansion IO amount module; the PLC is communicated with the DSP controller of the turnover mechanism through an IO port, the 2-path stepping motor 37 is connected and controlled through the PWM function of the PLC, and the PLC is in communication connection with the MCGS touch screen through an RS485 interface. The PLC controller comprises a main controller of a PLC266, a relay circuit connected with the main controller, and a turnover mechanism control connecting circuit connected between the controller and the relay circuit, wherein the relay circuit comprises an AOI control module and an electromagnetic valve control module; the AOI control module comprises an AOI output interface and an AOI switch connected with the AOI output interface; the electromagnetic valve control module comprises an electromagnetic valve interface and a battery switch connected with the electromagnetic valve interface; the turnover mechanism control connection circuit comprises a turnover mechanism input unit and a PLCS output unit connected with the turnover mechanism input unit; the turnover mechanism input unit comprises at least two input control switches; the PLCS output unit comprises at least two output switches which are correspondingly connected with the input control switch. The PLC controller also comprises a stepping motor control module, a turnover mechanism control module, a sensor signal acquisition module and a touch screen module; the turnover mechanism control module comprises a plate grabbing and placing part, an auxiliary turnover part, a stacking part and a functional part; the sensor signal acquisition module comprises an infrared limit signal, a magnetic limit signal and an infrared distance measurement signal; the touch screen comprises a starting or pause emergency part, a pose selection part and a plate width setting part.

The optical detection device 2 is composed of an AOI mechanism, is called an automatic optical detection instrument, and is a device for detecting various technical defects encountered in the PCB welding process through an optical principle. AOI detects machine is including detecting the quick-witted main part, sets up the scram button on detecting the quick-witted main part, and the pay-off button, the PCB board awaits measuring the front end crosspiece that the platform was corrected department, and the PCB board awaits measuring a platform left end diaphragm, the PCB board awaits measuring the platform and puts board department, shelters from cloth, AOI scanning display screen, pilot lamp, controller, manual operation department, detection zone. The emergency stop button is mainly used for controlling the emergency stop function of the whole equipment. The feeding button is mainly used for pressing the feeding button AOI machine to obtain a feeding signal after the PCB is placed. The front end crosspiece at the correction part of the PCB to be tested is mainly used for clinging to one end, close to the edge of the PCB to be tested, of the PCB to be tested. The left end crosspiece of the PCB to-be-tested platform is mainly used for being tightly attached to the leftmost end of the to-be-tested PCB. The PCB placing position of the PCB to be detected is mainly used for feeding the PCB into an AOI machine for internal detection after the PCB is placed and a feeding button is pressed, and retreating out of a detection area after the detection is finished and returning to an initial position. The shielding cloth mainly shields the internal light source to avoid light radiation. The AOI scanning display screen is used for displaying the scanning and defect contrast conditions of the detected PCB. The indicating lamps are divided into three indicating lamps of 'red, yellow and green', wherein the red lamp represents that the AOI machine is in a shutdown state, the yellow lamp represents that the AOI machine is in a PCB waiting test state, and the green lamp represents that the AOI machine is in a PCB testing state. The controller is mainly used for reading input signals, outputting signals after processing to control the AOI to finish each detection action and outputting AOI state signals. After the detection area mainly used PCB was sent into this region, the sensor sent the signal to detection mechanism, and detection mechanism just begins scanning detection, and signal line sends detection signal here and handles from the controller to show AOI machine behavior through the pilot lamp. The manual detection workbench 1 is a feeding table to be detected, the feeding table to be detected is mainly used for placing a PCB to be tested, and the feeding table to be detected is divided into an object stage and a conveyor belt. And 5 parts of the stacking plate are divided into a qualified product stacking platform and an unqualified stacking platform. The qualified stacking platform is mainly used for placing qualified PCB boards, and the unqualified stacking platform is mainly used for placing unqualified PCB boards.

When the device is installed, the lower end of the connecting shaft 31 is connected with the upper end of the steel frame 30, and the upper end of the connecting shaft 31 is connected with the rotating device 32. One end of the middle rod 305 is connected with the rotating device 32, and the other end of the middle rod 305 is fixedly connected with the motor base 36. One end of the alloy rotating skeleton rod 301 is movably connected with the motor seat 36, the other end of the alloy rotating skeleton rod 301 is arranged on the periphery of the motor seat 36, one end of the alloy rotating skeleton rod 301 is provided with a plurality of vacuum chucks 302, and the vacuum chucks 302 are used for absorbing the PCB. The collision fence 303 is installed on the optical detection device 2, the other end of the alloy rotating frame rod 301 is arranged inside the collision fence 303, and the PCB is arranged inside the collision fence 303. The alloy rotating frame rod 301 is connected with a motor arranged on the motor seat 36 through a rotating shaft 306 and a speed reducer.

After the motor is started, the alloy rotating skeleton bar 301 is rotated, so that the alloy rotating skeleton bar 301 provided with the vacuum chuck 302 at one end swings up and down around the motor base 36. The inside cylinder that is connected with pneumatic control part 304 that is provided with of rotary device 32, when the inside atmospheric pressure of cylinder changes, the piston that sets up and rotary device 32 inside also can the left and right sides direction removal simultaneously to this drives rotary device 32 and rotates, when setting for the position, magnetism limit switch 34 is triggered, produces corresponding signal, and vacuum chuck 302 is used for connecting vacuum generator, holds the PCB board when vacuum generator produces the vacuum, and fan-shaped shielding piece 39 is used for sheltering from the infrared ray of infrared switch transmission in order to trigger response signal. When the vacuum generator stops generating vacuum, the vacuum chuck 302 releases the vacuum to hold the PCB board.

The PCL controller receives an instruction of an upper computer, controls the turnover mechanism 3 to move to a set pose, enables the vacuum chuck 302 on the alloy rotating frame rod 301 to suck a PCB to be detected through a signal of the pneumatic module, enables the placed PCB to be detected through a detection signal of the AOI machine, enables the placed PCB to be overturned through the operation of the signal driving motor, enables the placed PCB to be detected through the detection signal of the AOI machine, receives a fault signal of the AOI machine and the turnover mechanism 3, and feeds the fault signal back to the upper computer. And after the system is initialized, the system enters self-checking, if a fault system is found, the system enters a fault standby state, and after the fault is eliminated, the system enters a normal working state. Before the PCB is detected, the length and the width of the PCB to be detected are manually the same as the last time, the system enters an automatic working state after the determination is finished, and double-sided detection and stacking of the PCB are finished through the turnover mechanism 3 and the two AOI machines matched with the turnover mechanism.

And (3) detection flow: and the turnover mechanism 3 firstly takes up the PCB to be tested from the PCB to be tested and places the PCB to the placing position of the AOI machine to be tested, so that the edge of the PCB is close to the lower left corner of the PCB to be tested, and then the diaphragm is placed to the qualified product stacking position. And then, pressing a feeding button, sending the PCB to an AOI machine for internal detection, sending the PCB after the detection is finished, displaying detection information through a liquid crystal display screen on the AOI machine, judging whether the detection information is normal or defective, judging whether the PCB is defective or not according to the detection information, stacking the PCB at a defective part if the detection information is judged to be defective, sucking the PCB again, detecting the PCB at a detection table, turning over the PCB if the detection information is correct, pressing the feeding button to perform second-side detection, sending the PCB after the detection is finished, displaying the detection condition through the liquid crystal display screen, stacking the PCB at the defective part if the detection information is judged to be defective, sucking the PCB again, detecting the PCB at the detection table, stacking the PCB at a qualified product stacking part if the detection information is correct, sucking the PCB again, and starting the next detection at the detection table. The whole program flow is that after receiving an instruction from a network, a PLC controller analyzes the received command, then outputs a signal from an output port after processing the signal by a processing program, controls a sensor and a driving motor and completes corresponding response from the control, and after receiving the signal from a controller, analyzes the received command, and then outputs the signal from the output port after processing the signal by the processing program, thereby driving an executing mechanism to complete expected control.

In summary, since the turnover mechanism 3 includes the steel frame 30 directly on the ground, the connecting shaft 31 installed at the upper end of the steel frame 30, the rotating device 32 installed at the upper end surface of the connecting shaft 31, the rotating shaft 33 installed inside the rotating device 32, the magnetic limit switch 34 installed on the rotating shaft 33, the magnetic piston 35, the motor base 36 installed at one end of the rotating device 32, the stepping motor 37 installed on the motor base 36, a stepping motor output shaft 38 linked with the stepping motor 37, a fan-shaped shielding piece 39 arranged on the stepping motor 37, an alloy rotating skeleton rod 301 fixedly connected with one end of the motor seat 36, a plurality of vacuum chucks 302 installed on the alloy rotating skeleton rod 301, a collision barrier 303 installed on the optical detection device 2, a PCB arranged inside the collision barrier 303, and a pneumatic control component 304 installed inside the steel frame 30. During the use, utilize tilting mechanism 3 to adsorb the PCB board, rotatory carry other appointed positions with the PCB board again, replace all actions of manual operation, avoided the human error that arouses for the PCB board when operating personnel operates and lead to unstable factor to take place for can reduce the stability of human factor interference PCB board, the phenomenon of reliability takes place. Meanwhile, the production efficiency can be improved, and the personnel cost can be reduced.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, without thereby limiting the scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention should be within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A PCB double-side detection automatic control system comprises a manual detection workbench, optical detection equipment arranged around the manual detection workbench, a turnover mechanism arranged on the side surface of the optical detection equipment, a board taking position arranged on the side surface of the optical detection equipment, a stacking plate position and a power supply module; the method is characterized in that: the turnover mechanism comprises a steel frame directly arranged on the ground, a connecting shaft arranged at the upper end of the steel frame, a rotating device arranged on the upper end surface of the connecting shaft, a rotating shaft arranged in the rotating device, a magnetic limit switch arranged on the rotating shaft, a magnetic piston, a motor base arranged at one end of the rotating device, a stepping motor arranged on the motor base, a stepping motor output shaft connected with the stepping motor, a fan-shaped shielding piece arranged on the stepping motor, an alloy rotating skeleton rod fixedly connected with one end of the motor base, a plurality of vacuum suckers arranged on the alloy rotating skeleton rod, a collision barrier arranged on optical detection equipment, a PCB arranged in the collision barrier and a pneumatic control component arranged in the steel frame; the pneumatic control component comprises a PLC (programmable logic controller), a motor driver, a human-computer interface module, a DSP (digital signal processor) module, a body IO (input/output) module and an expansion IO module, wherein the motor driver is respectively connected with one end of the PLC; the PLC is communicated with the DSP controller of the turnover mechanism through an IO port, the connection control of the 2-path stepping motor is realized through the PWM function of the PLC, and the PLC is in communication connection with the MCGS touch screen through an RS485 interface; the PLC controller comprises a main controller of the PLC266, a relay circuit connected with the main controller, and a turnover mechanism control connecting circuit connected between the controller and the relay circuit; the relay circuit comprises an AOI control module and a solenoid valve control module; the AOI control module comprises an AOI output interface and an AOI switch connected with the AOI output interface; the electromagnetic valve control module comprises an electromagnetic valve interface and a battery switch connected with the electromagnetic valve interface; the turnover mechanism control connection circuit comprises a turnover mechanism input unit and a PLCS output unit connected with the turnover mechanism input unit; the turnover mechanism input unit comprises at least two input control switches; the PLCS output unit comprises at least two output switches which are correspondingly connected with the input control switch; the PLC controller also comprises a stepping motor control module, a turnover mechanism control module, a sensor signal acquisition module and a touch screen module; the turnover mechanism control module comprises a plate grabbing and placing part, an auxiliary turnover part, a stacking part and a functional part; the sensor signal acquisition module comprises an infrared limit signal, a magnetic limit signal and an infrared distance measurement signal; the touch screen comprises a starting or pause emergency part, a pose selection part and a plate width setting part.

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