CN210221712U - Triaxial pressure chamber for rock test - Google Patents
Triaxial pressure chamber for rock test Download PDFInfo
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- CN210221712U CN210221712U CN201921056804.8U CN201921056804U CN210221712U CN 210221712 U CN210221712 U CN 210221712U CN 201921056804 U CN201921056804 U CN 201921056804U CN 210221712 U CN210221712 U CN 210221712U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a triaxial pressure chamber for rock test, which comprises a pressure transfer cylinder and a base, wherein the top of the pressure transfer cylinder is used for being connected with the top of a loading frame, the bottom of the base is used for being connected with the bottom of the loading frame, and the base and the pressure transfer cylinder are coaxially arranged; a hollow part for accommodating a piston of the loading oil cylinder is arranged in the pressure transmission cylinder, and an interval for placing a sample is reserved between the base and the pressure transmission cylinder; the test chamber is characterized by further comprising a pressure bearing cylinder, wherein the upper portion of the pressure bearing cylinder is sleeved on the pressure transmitting cylinder, the lower portion of the pressure bearing cylinder is sleeved on the base to form a test chamber for placing a sample, and the pressure bearing cylinder is connected with the pressure transmitting cylinder and the base in a sliding mode to open or close the test chamber. The utility model aims to provide a: the problem that the existing buckling and pressing type and bolt fastening type triaxial pressure chambers are low in test efficiency is solved, and the triaxial pressure chamber for the rock test is provided. The triaxial pressure chamber utilizes the pressure-bearing barrel which can axially lift to form a sample testing cabin, thereby obviously improving the testing efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of rock mechanical properties test equipment. In particular to a triaxial pressure chamber for a rock test experiment.
Background
At present, a self-reaction self-balancing pressure chamber is adopted in a common rock high-pressure type triaxial pressure chamber, namely, the pressure of sample confining pressure on a pressure chamber base and a pressure bearing cylinder is borne by a pressure chamber self structure, and the confining pressure has no external force action on an external loading frame. The pressure of the confining pressure on the piston is usually counteracted by adopting a balance piston structure, so that the counter force action of the confining pressure on the loading oil cylinder is eliminated. The load sensor is usually externally arranged on the upper part of the balance piston.
The self-reaction force self-balancing pressure chamber has the main functions that the high-pressure cavity as a sample can complete rock triaxial test, seepage and other related tests, and the self-reaction force structure needs to connect the pressure bearing cylinder with the base, so that the connection mode is always of a buckling and pressing type (figure 1) and a bolt fastening type (figure 2). As shown in fig. 1-2, the main structure of the device includes a load sensor (external), a balance piston, an end cap, a pressure-bearing cylinder, an upper pressure head, a lower pressure head, a locking ring, a protective cover (only a press type), a base, etc.
The balance piston is arranged on the pressure bearing cylinder through the end cover, penetrates through the pressure bearing cylinder and can move up and down in the pressure bearing cylinder, and seals are designed between the end cover and the balance piston and between the balance piston and the pressure bearing cylinder to prevent the confining pressure medium from leaking. The load sensor is fixed on the balance piston or the loading oil cylinder piston to measure the axial load of the sample. The pressure-bearing cylinder is installed on the base through a locking ring or a bolt, the lower pressure head below the sample is connected with the base, the upper pressure head at the upper end is matched with the balance piston, and when the external axial loading oil cylinder piston pushes the balance piston to contact the lower pressure head, the sample starts to bear axial load.
For the structural form that the locking ring is used for pressing the pressure bearing cylinder and the base in a buckling mode, the locking ring only bears axial force and does not bear radial force, and in order to prevent the pressure bearing cylinder from deforming to form radial component force to enable the locking ring to fly out, the protection cover is further needed to carry out radial limiting on the locking ring.
The technical problems of the triaxial cell for the rock test are as follows:
firstly, the locking ring is buckled and pressed on the mounting structure, the operation steps are complex, the operation is difficult, and the labor intensity of an operator is high;
and secondly, the bolt fastening and mounting structure has more bolts, and the bolts are required to be stressed uniformly, so that the labor intensity of an operator is higher, and the test preparation time is longer.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a: the problem that the existing buckling and pressing type and bolt fastening type triaxial pressure chambers are low in test efficiency is solved, and the triaxial pressure chamber for the rock test is provided. The triaxial pressure chamber utilizes the pressure-bearing barrel which can axially lift to form a sample testing cabin, thereby obviously improving the testing efficiency.
In order to realize the purpose, the utility model discloses a technical scheme be:
a triaxial pressure chamber for a rock test comprises a pressure transmission cylinder and a base, wherein the top of the pressure transmission cylinder is used for being connected with the top of a loading frame, the bottom of the base is used for being connected with the bottom of the loading frame, and the base and the pressure transmission cylinder are coaxially arranged; a hollow part for accommodating a piston of the loading oil cylinder is arranged in the pressure transmission cylinder, and an interval for placing a sample is reserved between the base and the pressure transmission cylinder; the test chamber is characterized by further comprising a pressure bearing cylinder, wherein the upper portion of the pressure bearing cylinder is sleeved on the pressure transmitting cylinder, the lower portion of the pressure bearing cylinder is sleeved on the base to form a test chamber for placing a sample, and the pressure bearing cylinder is connected with the pressure transmitting cylinder and the base in a sliding mode to open or close the test chamber. The pressure chamber or the test chamber of this scheme, its below acts on loading frame bottom through the base, and its top acts on loading frame top through bearing the bobbin to establish bearing the bobbin cover on base and biography pressure section of thick bamboo, therefore on vertical axial direction, pressure acts on loading frame indirectly, and on the horizontal direction, pressure direct action bears the bobbin, and need not additional connection structure such as withhold or bolt-up. And moreover, the pressure-bearing cylinder is designed to be in a structure form of sliding up and down along the axis, so that the placing and taking out operation of the sample is very convenient, and the test efficiency is greatly improved.
As the preferred scheme, a balance cylinder body is arranged below the pressure transmission cylinder, and a balance piston is arranged below the loading oil cylinder piston. The internal cavity of the balance cylinder body leads the stress of the lower end face of the balance piston to be consistent with the stress of the upper step by introducing confining pressure, and counteracts the counter force effect on the external loading oil cylinder.
Preferably, the load sensor is built in the pressure chamber, and the load sensor is mounted below the balance piston. The load sensor is arranged in the device, so that load measurement is directly carried out on a sample, other errors are avoided, and measurement data are more accurate.
As the preferred scheme, the upper pressure head is connected with the sample, the lower pressure head is connected with the sample, and the lower pressure head is fixed on the base. The scheme provides a fixing scheme for the test sample in the test, so that the test sample is fixed firmly.
As the preferred scheme, be provided with seal structure between pressure-bearing cylinder and the base, between pressure-bearing cylinder and the pressure transmission cylinder. The sealing structure of the scheme ensures that the confining pressure of the pressure chamber is not leaked.
As the preferred scheme, the pressure bearing cylinder is positioned with the base and the pressure transmission cylinder through the seam allowance structure. This scheme provides a location scheme to guarantee the accurate location of a pressure bearing section of thick bamboo.
Preferably, the base is provided with a pressure injection hole communicated with the confining pressure and back pressure loading system. According to the requirements of the experiment on confining pressure and back pressure, the scheme is that the pressure injection hole connected with the confining pressure and back pressure loading system is arranged on the pressure chamber base, so that the confining pressure and the back pressure are provided for the pressure chamber.
To sum up, owing to adopted above-mentioned technical scheme, compare in prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
before the test, the pressure chamber pressure-bearing cylinder is only required to be lowered onto a pressure chamber base, the loading oil cylinder piston is lowered until the pressure chamber piston contacts the sample, and the test can be started, so that the test preparation time is short;
the pressure chamber is of a non-self-reaction structure, the structure is simple, the safety coefficient is high, the outer cylinder and the base do not need to be buckled and pressed and connected through bolts, one-key operation can be performed quickly, and the operation is simple and quick;
and thirdly, the stroke of the loading oil cylinder is determined according to the deformation of the sample, and the lifting height space of the outer cylinder is not required to be reserved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional buckle-type pressure chamber.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a conventional bolt-fastening type pressure chamber.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a first schematic structural diagram of an embodiment and a testing system.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment and the testing system.
Reference numbers for parts in the drawings: 1-loading oil cylinder, 2-loading frame upper beam, 3-pressure transmission cylinder, 4-piston, 5-load sensor, 6-pressure bearing cylinder, 7-base, 8-loading frame lower beam, 9-hoisting mechanism, 10 trolley mechanism, 11-base, 12-balance cylinder, 13-balance piston, 14-load sensor, 15-upper pressure head, 16-sample, 17-lower pressure head.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses a triaxial pressure chamber for a rock test, which is a key tool for completing triaxial and related tests of rocks. The basic functions of the high-pressure triaxial pressure chamber for the rock test comprise a uniaxial compression full-stress strain test/dynamic cycle test, a triaxial compression full-stress strain test/dynamic cycle test, a hydraulic fracturing test, a seepage test, a triaxial high-low temperature test and the like.
As shown in fig. 3-5, the present embodiment includes a pressure transfer cylinder and a base, the top of the pressure transfer cylinder is used for being connected with the top of the loading frame, the bottom of the base is used for being connected with the bottom of the loading frame, and the base and the pressure transfer cylinder are coaxially disposed, so that the axial force generated by the confining pressure is transferred to the external loading frame; a hollow part for accommodating a piston of the loading oil cylinder is arranged in the pressure transmission cylinder, and an interval for placing a sample is reserved between the base and the pressure transmission cylinder; the test chamber is characterized by further comprising a pressure bearing cylinder, wherein the upper portion of the pressure bearing cylinder is sleeved on the pressure transmitting cylinder, the lower portion of the pressure bearing cylinder is sleeved on the base to form a test chamber for placing a sample, and the pressure bearing cylinder is connected with the pressure transmitting cylinder and the base in a sliding mode to open or close the test chamber.
Except that bearing the pressure section of thick bamboo can reciprocate along the axis in this device, the up-and-down motion under the outside load cylinder, other parts are all fixed in position. The device adopts a non-self-reaction self-balancing structural form, the pressure-bearing cylinder only bears radial pressure, and the axial force generated by confining pressure on the device is borne by an external loading frame.
The pressure chamber adopts a cylindrical piston type structure, the bearing cylinder and the base are not required to be connected together, and the pressure of confining pressure on the upper part and the lower part is respectively transmitted to the loading frame through the pressure transmission cylinder and the pressure chamber base. When the pressure chamber bearing cylinder is lifted to a certain height, a sample can be installed and taken out. When the pressure-bearing cylinder of the pressure chamber is lowered onto the base of the pressure chamber, the test can be started. Based on the scheme, the pressure chamber pressure-bearing cylinder is only required to be lowered onto the pressure chamber base before the test, the loading oil cylinder piston is lowered until the pressure chamber piston contacts the test sample, and the test preparation time is short. And, compare traditional pressure chamber and need withhold and protect, experimental preparation time is longer, the lower problem of efficiency of software testing, the pressure chamber of this scheme is non-self-reaction structure, simple structure, and factor of safety is high, and need not to withhold a pressure cylinder and base withhold or with bolted connection.
The pressure chamber has a quick sealing function. Compare traditional mode of passing through the bolt assembly to the pressure chamber with independent lid, the simple operation needs alone the operation can, is showing and is improving work efficiency. In addition, aiming at the problems that the traditional test system can only carry out rock triaxial test, the test function is single, and the equipment utilization rate is not high, the later expansibility of the scheme is better.
The technical effects of the embodiment are as follows:
before the test, the pressure chamber pressure-bearing cylinder is only required to be lowered onto a pressure chamber base, the loading oil cylinder piston is lowered until the pressure chamber piston contacts the sample, and the test can be started, so that the test preparation time is short;
the pressure chamber is of a non-self-reaction structure, the structure is simple, the safety coefficient is high, the outer cylinder and the base do not need to be buckled and pressed and connected through bolts, one-key operation can be performed quickly, and the operation is simple and quick;
and thirdly, the stroke of the loading oil cylinder is determined according to the deformation of the sample, and the lifting height space of the outer cylinder is not required to be reserved.
Example 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, the present embodiment is further optimized, and specifically includes the following aspects. As shown in fig. 3, a balance cylinder is arranged below the pressure transfer cylinder, and a balance piston is arranged below the piston of the loading cylinder. The internal cavity of the balance cylinder body leads the stress of the lower end face of the balance piston to be consistent with the stress of the upper step by introducing confining pressure, and counteracts the counter force effect on the external loading oil cylinder. The balance piston connected with the load sensor in the device can move up and down under the action of the external loading oil cylinder, and other parts are fixed in position.
As shown in fig. 3, the load sensor is built in the pressure chamber, and the load sensor is mounted below the balance piston. The load sensor is arranged in the pressure chamber, the resistance between a piston rod and a piston of the pressure chamber is eliminated by measuring the axial load of the sample, and the numerical value truly reflects the axial load of the sample.
As shown in fig. 3, an upper pressure head is connected to the upper part of the sample, and a lower pressure head is connected to the lower part of the sample, and the lower pressure head is fixed on the base.
In addition, in the embodiment, a sealing structure is arranged between the pressure-bearing cylinder and the base and between the pressure-bearing cylinder and the pressure-transmitting cylinder. The pressure bearing cylinder, the base and the pressure transmission cylinder (or the balance cylinder) are positioned through a spigot structure and can ascend and descend along the axis. And the base is provided with a pressure injection hole communicated with the confining pressure and back pressure loading system. The pressure bearing cylinder is sealed with the base, the pressure bearing cylinder is sealed with the balance cylinder body, the balance cylinder body is sealed with the balance piston, the balance cylinder body is sealed with the pressure transmission cylinder, and the pressure transmission cylinder is sealed with the balance piston, so that the confining pressure is not leaked.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a rock test experiment triaxial cell which characterized in that: the device comprises a pressure transmission cylinder and a base, wherein the top of the pressure transmission cylinder is used for being connected with the top of a loading frame, the bottom of the base is used for being connected with the bottom of the loading frame, and the base and the pressure transmission cylinder are coaxially arranged; a hollow part for accommodating a piston of the loading oil cylinder is arranged in the pressure transmission cylinder, and an interval for placing a sample is reserved between the base and the pressure transmission cylinder; the test chamber is characterized by further comprising a pressure bearing cylinder, wherein the upper portion of the pressure bearing cylinder is sleeved on the pressure transmitting cylinder, the lower portion of the pressure bearing cylinder is sleeved on the base to form a test chamber for placing a sample, and the pressure bearing cylinder is connected with the pressure transmitting cylinder and the base in a sliding mode to open or close the test chamber.
2. The rock testing triaxiality pressure chamber of claim 1, wherein: a balance cylinder body is arranged below the pressure transfer cylinder, and a balance piston is arranged below the loading oil cylinder piston.
3. The rock testing triaxiality pressure chamber of claim 2, wherein: the load sensor is arranged in the pressure chamber and is arranged below the balance piston.
4. The rock testing triaxiality pressure chamber of claim 2, wherein: the upper pressure head is connected to the sample top, and the lower pressure head is connected to the below, and lower pressure head is fixed on the base.
5. The rock testing triaxiality pressure chamber of claim 1, wherein: and sealing structures are arranged between the pressure bearing cylinder and the base and between the pressure bearing cylinder and the pressure transmitting cylinder.
6. The rock testing triaxiality pressure chamber of claim 1, wherein: the pressure bearing cylinder, the base and the pressure transmission cylinder are positioned through a spigot structure.
7. The rock testing triaxiality pressure chamber of claim 1, wherein: and the base is provided with a pressure injection hole communicated with the confining pressure and back pressure loading system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921056804.8U CN210221712U (en) | 2019-07-08 | 2019-07-08 | Triaxial pressure chamber for rock test |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921056804.8U CN210221712U (en) | 2019-07-08 | 2019-07-08 | Triaxial pressure chamber for rock test |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN210221712U true CN210221712U (en) | 2020-03-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201921056804.8U Active CN210221712U (en) | 2019-07-08 | 2019-07-08 | Triaxial pressure chamber for rock test |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114992187A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-09-02 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Multifunctional balanced loading device and method for model test |
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2019
- 2019-07-08 CN CN201921056804.8U patent/CN210221712U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114992187A (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-09-02 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Multifunctional balanced loading device and method for model test |
| CN114992187B (en) * | 2022-08-03 | 2022-11-01 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Multifunctional balanced loading device and method for model test |
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