CN210196393U - Taper hole oiling press-fitting interference fit stepped belt pulley group - Google Patents

Abstract

The stepped belt pulley set is formed by a stepped belt pulley and a mechanical transmission shaft, wherein the stepped belt pulley is in oil injection press fit interference fit with a taper hole; the stepped belt pulley is provided with an inner conical surface central matching hole; the mechanical transmission shaft is provided with a shaft seat matched with the outer conical surface; a plurality of grooves are uniformly distributed on the outer conical surface along the axial direction, and a T-shaped oil injection channel is formed at the shaft end of the mechanical transmission shaft along the shaft center; the central matching hole of the stepped belt pulley and the matching shaft seat of the mechanical transmission shaft are fixedly connected into a whole through oil injection, press fitting and interference fit; the wheel body of the stepped belt wheel is integrally formed by a first diameter wheel groove, a second diameter wheel groove and a third diameter wheel groove which are sequentially and progressively reduced in diameter and coaxially arranged. The utility model discloses step pulley group simple structure, mechanical strength are higher, install and remove easily, the transmission operates steadily, and the quality is reliable, and the transmission is rotating speed than can carrying out adaptability as required and change and adjust, the commonality ideal.

Description

Taper hole oiling press-fitting interference fit stepped belt pulley group

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to a mechanical engineering drive belt pulley technical field, concretely relates to taper hole oiling pressure equipment interference fit's ladder pulley group.

Background

The belt pulley is often used as power transmission in the fields of speed change of electric bench drills, wheel pair tests of railway locomotives and vehicles, power transmission of coal mine mechanical transmission belts, power transmission of machine tools, power transmission of engineering machinery and the like. Under the prior art, in order to facilitate disassembly and assembly, a belt pulley and a power output mechanical shaft of a power source are generally fixedly connected into a whole in a key matching mode. The belt pulley is installed by adopting key matching, and the defects are that: firstly, a key groove must be processed, and the processing of the key groove inevitably requires the removal of metal materials at the matching part of the wheel shaft, so that the mechanical strength of the transmission structure of the belt pulley is inevitably weakened, and the service life of the belt pulley is influenced; secondly, the key is matched with the wheel shaft, the matching centering performance of the wheel shaft is not high, the transmission stability is interfered, and particularly, the stability of the operation of the whole machine is influenced for the application in the fields of railway locomotives, coal mine mechanical transmission and the like; furthermore, the variable speed transmission of belt pulleys under the prior art is realized by selecting belt pulleys with different diameters for installation, one belt pulley can only realize the transmission of one kind of rotation ratio power output, and the adaptability adjustment of different rotation ratio power outputs cannot be met. In view of this, the following improvement is proposed.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a technical problem: the stepped belt pulley group with the interference fit is provided by injecting oil into a taper hole, and the problem that the mechanical strength of key fit of a transmission belt pulley is low in the prior art is solved; the wheel axle matching has poor centering property; the transmission stability is not ideal; the transmission speed ratio is not adjustable; the universality is not ideal.

The utility model adopts the technical proposal that: taper hole oiling pressure equipment interference fit's ladder pulley group, its characterized in that: consists of a stepped belt pulley and a mechanical transmission shaft; the stepped belt pulley is provided with an inner conical surface central matching hole; the mechanical transmission shaft is provided with an external conical surface matching shaft seat; the outer conical surface of the mechanical transmission shaft is uniformly provided with a plurality of grooves along the axial direction, and the shaft end of the mechanical transmission shaft is injected with oil along the shaft center and provided with a T-shaped oil injection channel; the central matching hole of the stepped belt pulley and the matching shaft seat of the mechanical transmission shaft are fixedly connected into a whole through oil injection, press fitting and interference fit; the wheel body of the stepped belt wheel is integrally formed by a first diameter wheel groove, a second diameter wheel groove and a third diameter wheel groove which are sequentially and progressively reduced in diameter and coaxially arranged.

For the coordinated keyless connection and ensuring excellent mechanical transmission performance and quality of the pulley set, preferably: the stepped belt pulley is made of HT250 cast iron or 45 steel, and the surface roughness of a central matching hole of the stepped belt pulley subjected to turning is Ra0.8; the mechanical transmission shaft is made of heat-treated 45 steel, and the roughness of the surface of the matched shaft seat subjected to grinding processing of the mechanical transmission shaft is Ra0.8.

In order to adopt the convenient oiling pressure equipment technology dismouting shaft of construction, furtherly: the central matching hole is matched with the matching shaft seat through a 1:50 taper conical surface; the 1:50 taper conical surface accounts for more than or equal to 80 percent of the contact area of the matched piece.

In order to facilitate the formation of an oil film on the mating surface and improve the reliability of the mating connection of the shaft hole conical surface, it is preferable that: the grooves are uniformly distributed with 4-8 grooves along the axial direction, and the depth of each groove is 0.01-0.09 mm.

In order to realize the steady transmission, to the ladder belt pulley of symmetrical structure, play the energy storage effect of flywheel with the ladder belt pulley, further: a triangular groove is formed in the wheel body of the stepped belt pulley, and the surface roughness of the triangular groove is Ra6.3; a groove for reducing the self weight of the wheel body is formed in the axial direction of the wheel body where the first diameter wheel groove with the largest diameter is located in the stepped belt wheel.

The utility model has the advantages compared with the prior art:

1. the utility model adopts the combined action of the taper hole and the groove, and compared with the wheel shaft matched with the key, the assembly and disassembly of the interference fit piece of the shaft hole can be easily realized through the oil injection press-fitting process; moreover, the utility model has simple structure, high mechanical strength and simplified processing process, not only improves the mechanical strength and the product quality of the product, but also fully exerts and applies the outstanding advantages of the mechanical process formed by each component;

2. the axially uniformly distributed grooves of the utility model, in cooperation with the combined action of the materials and the surface roughness, are beneficial to forming a protective oil film on the wheel shaft junction surface of the oil injection press fitting, are beneficial to improving the reliability of the conical surface fit connection, and are beneficial to protecting the fitting surface from being damaged and being beneficial to quick disassembly and assembly;

3. the stepped belt pulley of the utility model cooperates with the cooperation of the taper holes, so that the assembly centering performance of the belt pulley can be kept good, the belt transmission is more stable, the equipment runs stably and durably, and the structure is optimized;

4. when the utility model is applied specifically, the ladder belt pulley can output the required transmission ratio by adopting the modes as shown in fig. 4 and fig. 5 so as to meet the adaptability regulation requirements under the power output conditions with different rotation speed ratios, and the ladder belt pulley has ideal universality and wider application;

5. the utility model, in cooperation with the combined action of HT250 and 45 steel materials, has the advantages of easy cutting and processing of the stepped belt pulley set, no deformation, high strength, large mass, flywheel energy storage balance function and stable mechanical transmission operation; the transmission mechanism is beneficial to continuously and stably transmitting mechanical power, and has stable transmission and lasting reliability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the step pulley of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the mechanical transmission shaft of FIG. 1;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the invention applied to a variable speed transmission of an electric bench drill;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the present invention applied to a bench drill and provided with a time relay for performing delay control;

fig. 6 is a control schematic block diagram of fig. 5.

Detailed Description

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 1 to 6. It is to be understood that the following description of the embodiments is merely exemplary and not intended to limit the invention in any way.

The following examples are provided to facilitate a better understanding of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. The experimental method and the oil injection press-fitting method in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The test pieces and materials used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified. The control circuit in the following embodiments is implemented in a conventional control manner unless otherwise specified.

In the present invention, without the contrary explanation, it is understood that: the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience in describing and simplifying the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted", "connected", "disposed" and "provided" are to be interpreted broadly, for example, as being either fixedly connected or detachably connected or integrally connected. For another example, the connection may be mechanical or indirect via other intermediate members. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Taper hole oiling pressure equipment interference fit's ladder pulley group, its characterized in that: (as shown in figure 1) consists of a stepped belt pulley 1 and a mechanical transmission shaft 2; in order to replace the key fit and realize the shaft hole interference fit: the stepped belt pulley 1 is provided with an inner conical surface central matching hole 101 (as shown in figure 2); the mechanical transmission shaft 2 is provided with an external conical surface matched with the shaft seat 201 (as shown in figure 3); in order to cooperate with the conical surface of the shaft hole, the reliability of the conical surface matching connection is further improved; wherein, the outer conical surface of the mechanical transmission shaft 2 is uniformly provided with a plurality of grooves 202 along the axial direction, and the grooves 202 are used for retaining oil films, so as to facilitate the non-abrasion disassembly and assembly and improve the reliability of connection. A T-shaped oil injection channel 3 is arranged at the shaft end of the mechanical transmission shaft 2 along the shaft center; the axial channel of the T-shaped oil injection channel 3 is used for injecting high-pressure oil from a shaft end pump, and the T-shaped oil injection channel 3 is perpendicular to the bilaterally symmetrical horizontal channel of the axial channel and can be used for guiding the high-pressure oil injected by the pump to be uniformly distributed with a plurality of grooves 202 along the axial direction on the outer conical surface of the mechanical transmission shaft 2. In cooperation with the combined action of the T-shaped oil injection channel 3: by combining the assistance of a press-fitting machine (oil press), the central matching hole of the stepped belt pulley 1 and the matching shaft seat of the mechanical transmission shaft 2 are reliably and fixedly connected into a whole in an interference fit manner after the oil injection press-fitting process. It should be noted that, regarding oil injection and press fitting, in the process of wheel axle press fitting, high-pressure oil higher than the contact stress of the matching contact surface is injected into the T-shaped oil injection channel 3 of the mechanical transmission shaft 2 to form an oil film, and as the contact surface between the mechanical transmission shaft 2 and the stepped belt pulley 1 is continuously increased, the high-pressure oil continuously and rapidly permeates along the groove 3, so that the taper hole of the belt pulley is always performed under the condition that the oil film is separated in the press fitting process, the fitting surface of the shaft hole is well protected, and the phenomenon of faying of the joint surface is avoided, and the press fitting operation of wheel axle interference fitting can be completed by means of a press (oil. In addition, in order to realize selective power output with different rotating speed ratios, the wheel body of the stepped belt pulley 1 is integrally formed by a wheel groove 102 of a first diameter wheel, a wheel groove 103 of a second diameter wheel and a wheel groove 104 of a third diameter wheel, the diameters of which are sequentially reduced and coaxially arranged; the three diameter wheel grooves are arranged in a diameter decreasing mode, the structure is compact and reasonable, the forward and reverse assembly modes of the embodiment shown in the figures 4 and 5 are conveniently adopted, and the power output selection of different rotating speed ratios can be realized.

Wherein, the utility model discloses tapering shaft hole complex belt pulley group, more the key cooperation, owing to do not get rid of the metal material at shaft cooperation position, need not to process the keyway promptly, therefore ladder belt pulley group's mechanical strength is high, makes the course of working comparatively simplify moreover. For ensuring that the belt pulley group has excellent mechanical transmission performance and quality in coordination with the key-free connection, the preferable points are as follows: the stepped pulley 1 is made of HT250 cast iron or 45 steel, and the surface roughness of a turned central matching hole 101 of the stepped pulley 1 is Ra0.8; the mechanical transmission shaft 2 is made of heat-treated 45 steel, the surface roughness of the matched shaft seat 201 of the grinding processing of the mechanical transmission shaft 2 is Ra0.8, the end chamfer of the mechanical transmission shaft 2 is manufactured according to 1 multiplied by 45 degrees, the comprehensive effect is good, and according to the expected design requirements, the requirements of various process indexes of shaft hole matched belt transmission in the fields of rail locomotives, electric table drills and the like can be met. Practices prove that when the stepped belt pulley is manufactured, HT250 cast iron or 45 steel is selected, and the comprehensive effect is ideal: HT250 cast iron or 45 steel is free from cutting, deformation and high in strength and weight. The material is applied to mechanical transmission, and the operation stability is reliable. The reason is that: the stepped belt pulley made of HT250 cast iron or 45 steel has a certain weight, and after the stepped belt pulley is operated, the stepped belt pulley 1 has an energy storage balance function equivalent to that of a mechanical flywheel, so that the mechanical transmission has more continuous and stable operation effect than the mechanical transmission of a single belt pulley.

In addition, for conveniently adopting oiling pressure equipment technology dismouting shaft, further: the central matching hole 101 is matched with the matching shaft seat 201 through a 1:50 conical surface; the 1:50 taper conical surface occupies more than or equal to 80 percent of the contact area of the matched piece, and is convenient to disassemble and assemble. On this basis, in order to facilitate the formation of an oil film on the matching surface and improve the reliability of the matching connection of the shaft hole conical surface, the conical hole matching and the shaft seat groove 202 cooperate, preferably: the grooves 202 are uniformly distributed with 4-8 grooves along the axial direction, and the depth of each groove 202 is 0.01-0.09 mm. Moreover, in order to realize steady transmission, make the triangle race of three different diameters integrative, make it have great weight, can play the energy storage balanced action of flywheel, further: the outer circumferential surface of the wheel body of the stepped belt wheel 1 is provided with a triangular groove 105, and the surface roughness of the triangular groove 105 is Ra6.3; the wheel body where the first diameter wheel groove 102 with the largest diameter is arranged in the stepped belt wheel 1 is axially provided with a groove 1021 for reducing the self weight of the wheel body. The reason why the length of the v-belt having the triangular grooves 105 with the roughness ra6.3 is selected to be as short as possible is that: the transmission of the short-distance V-belt is beneficial to reducing power loss, reducing space volume and improving transmission stability. In specific application, taking a wheel pair transmission test of a railway vehicle as an example, the triangular groove 105 is matched with a C-2667 type triangular belt, so that a good and stable transmission effect can be obtained.

About the utility model discloses a concrete application: referring to the embodiment of fig. 4 and 5, the stepped pulley set, in combination with the electrical characteristics of the motor 4, may enable two-stage speed change automation of the electric bench drill 5. Wherein, the relation between the transmission radiuses R and R of the two driving and driven stepped pulleys and the rotating speeds n1 and n2 of the two pulleys is

Wherein, the length L of the belt, the center distance x between the belt pulleys, a suitable V-belt is selected from a mechanical design manual

Calculating the length L of the belt by a formula; the central distance x between the belt pulleys is calculated by a formula of 1.4(R + R) < x < 4(R + R). Moreover, another key factor for the working condition application of fig. 4 and 5 is that: it should also be accurately calculated whether the starting time, power matching of the motor 4 is reasonable. Wherein, the starting time and the power of the motor 4 are matched with the parameters through an electrical engineering formula

(t_QIs the motor start time s; p_NkW for motor rating) and electrical formula P_O＝P/0.36(P_OMatching power kW for the motor; p is load power kW). On the basis, in order to realize the two-stage speed change automation of the machine, a time relay 6 can be additionally arranged in a control circuit of the motor 4 according to the figure 5, and the two-stage automatic speed change transmission of the motor 4 can be realized by utilizing the time delay function of the time relay 6 on the motor 4. The working principle of the device is shown in a block diagram in figure 6. And byIn the examples shown in fig. 5 and 6, the electrical characteristics of the step pulley set and the motor 4 are skillfully combined, and the engineering machinery test bed realizes two-stage speed change automation by using the time delay function of the time relay 6. Compared with the traditional single mechanical design, a mechanical speed changer is saved, a manual operating lever is not needed, the structure of the machine is greatly simplified, and the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced.

From the above description it can be found that: the utility model discloses a combined action of shaft taper hole cooperation slot in coordination, through the better interference fit dismouting in realization shaft hole of oiling pressure equipment technology, more key complex shaft: the structure is simple, the mechanical strength is high, the processing process is simplified, the mechanical strength and the quality of the product are improved, and the outstanding advantages of the mechanical process are fully exerted and applied; moreover, the axially uniformly distributed grooves of the utility model, in cooperation with the combined action of the materials and the surface roughness, are beneficial to forming a protective oil film on the wheel shaft junction surface of the oil injection and press fitting, are beneficial to improving the reliability of the conical surface fit connection, are beneficial to protecting the fitting surface from being damaged, and are beneficial to rapid disassembly and assembly; moreover, the utility model discloses ladder belt pulley is taper hole complex combined action in coordination, and more key cooperation belt pulley group, the centering nature of belt pulley is good, and belt drive is more steady, and equipment operation is stable lasting, configuration optimization. Moreover, the utility model discloses during the specific application, the ladder belt pulley can adopt like the drive ratio of the positive and negative mounting means output different rotational speeds of figure 4, figure 5, can satisfy different rotational speed drive ratio power take off's adaptability regulation demand, the commonality ideal of ladder belt pulley, and it uses more extensively. In addition, the utility model cooperates with the combined action of HT250 and 45 steel materials, the stepped belt pulley group is easy to cut and process, has no deformation, high strength and large mass, has the energy storage balance function of the flywheel, and has stable mechanical transmission operation; the transmission mechanism is beneficial to continuously and stably transmitting mechanical power, and has stable transmission and lasting reliability.

On the basis of the above functions, the utility model discloses a theory of operation is: referring to the application embodiment of fig. 4, a power output shaft of a motor 4 drives a driving stepped belt pulley 1 matched with a conical surface of a driving mechanical transmission shaft 2 to rotate through the driving mechanical transmission shaft 2; the driving stepped belt pulley 1 drives the driven stepped belt pulley 1 to rotate through a triangular belt, the driven stepped belt pulley 1 drives the driven mechanical transmission shaft 2 matched with the conical surface and the conical hole to rotate, the driven mechanical transmission shaft 2 provides driving force for a main shaft of the electric bench drill 5 to drive a drill bit of the electric bench drill 5 to rotate so as to complete drilling operation, and power transmission is achieved. Wherein, the second diameter wheel groove 103 of the driving stepped pulley 1 is connected with the first diameter wheel groove 103 of the driven stepped pulley 1 through a triangular belt; and the driving stepped pulley 1 shown in figure 4 drives the driven stepped pulley 1 to rotate; the diameters of the wheel grooves of the wheel body in which the first diameter wheel groove 102, the second diameter wheel groove 103 and the third diameter wheel groove 104 are arranged are sequentially reduced, so that the diameter of the wheel body in which the second diameter wheel groove 103 is arranged is smaller than that of the wheel body in which the first diameter wheel groove 103 is arranged; the motor 4 is started, so that the transmission of the rotation speed ratio from the small diameter to the large diameter is realized; different torque outputs are realized, the rotation of the electric bench drill is driven, and the drilling operation is completed. Therefore, even if the types of the driving stepped pulley 1 and the driven stepped pulley 1 are the same, the driving stepped pulley 1 and the driven stepped pulley 1 can be positively or reversely mounted, and the adaptability adjustment of the required rotating speed ratio power output can be realized through the selection of the wheel grooves with different diameters on the driving stepped pulley and the driven stepped pulley, and the universality is ideal.

To sum up, adopt the utility model discloses ladder belt pulley transmission, its structure is simplified, install and remove easy, operate steadily, the quality is reliable.

It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, so that all equivalent changes made by the contents of the claims of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. Taper hole oiling pressure equipment interference fit's ladder pulley group, its characterized in that: consists of a step belt pulley (1) and a mechanical transmission shaft (2); the stepped belt pulley (1) is provided with an inner conical surface central matching hole (101); the mechanical transmission shaft (2) is provided with an external conical surface matching shaft seat (201); wherein, a plurality of grooves (202) are uniformly distributed on the outer conical surface of the mechanical transmission shaft (2) along the axial direction, and a T-shaped oil injection channel (3) is injected at the shaft end of the mechanical transmission shaft (2) along the shaft center; the central matching hole of the stepped belt pulley (1) and the matching shaft seat of the mechanical transmission shaft (2) are fixedly connected into a whole through oil injection, press fitting and interference fit; the wheel body of the stepped belt wheel (1) is integrally formed by a first diameter wheel groove (102), a second diameter wheel groove (103) and a third diameter wheel groove (104) which are sequentially and progressively reduced in diameter and coaxially arranged.

2. The taper hole oil injection press-fitting interference fit stepped pulley block according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stepped belt pulley (1) is made of HT250 cast iron or 45 steel, a central matching hole (101) is machined in the stepped belt pulley (1) in a turning mode, and the surface roughness of the central matching hole (101) is Ra0.8; the mechanical transmission shaft (2) is made of heat-treated 45 steel, and the surface roughness of a matching shaft seat (201) ground and processed by the mechanical transmission shaft (2) is Ra0.8.

3. The taper hole oil injection press-fitting interference fit stepped pulley set according to claim 2, characterized in that: the central matching hole (101) is matched with the matching shaft seat (201) through a 1:50 taper conical surface; the 1:50 taper conical surface accounts for more than or equal to 80 percent of the contact area of the matched piece.

4. The taper hole oil injection press-fitting interference fit stepped pulley block according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: the grooves (202) are uniformly distributed with 4-8 grooves along the axial direction, and the depth of each groove (202) is 0.01-0.09 mm.

5. The taper hole oil injection press-fitting interference fit stepped pulley block according to claim 4, wherein: the surface of the wheel body of the stepped belt wheel (1) is provided with a triangular groove (105), and the surface roughness of the triangular groove (105) is Ra6.3; a groove (1021) for reducing the self weight of the wheel body is formed in the axial direction of the wheel body where the first diameter wheel groove (102) with the largest diameter is arranged in the stepped belt wheel (1).

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