CN210170544U

CN210170544U - Hemodialysis/filtration device

Info

Publication number: CN210170544U
Application number: CN201920403214.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: Lianghong Yin; 尹良红; Chen Yun; 云琛; He'er Hou; 侯赫尔
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-03-28
Filing date: 2019-03-28
Publication date: 2020-03-24
Anticipated expiration: 2029-03-28

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hemodialysis/filtration device, which comprises a constant pressure balance liquid supply and return passage, a reverse osmosis water liquid degassing passage and a concentrated solution liquid distribution passage, a dialysate static mixing passage and the like. And the flow balance of the fresh dialysate waste liquid is realized under the drive of a motor. The constant-pressure balance liquid supply and return passage of the dialysate inlet and outlet dialyzer is provided with a pressure regulator to make pressure balance regulation, and under the drive of the same motor, the output quantities of each cavity/rotation of the waste liquid pump, the dialysate pump and the concentrated liquid pump are respectively designed and calculated to reach the standard dialysate electrolyte ion concentration, and the dialysate inlet quantity is consistent with the waste liquid. The utility model discloses technical scheme has advantages such as continuous linearity, accurate configuration, stable in pressure, safe and reliable, real time monitoring, can realize that uninterrupted continuous liquid supply, waterway system pressure are invariable, and it is accurate and the flow is convenient controllable to join in marriage liquid.

Description

Hemodialysis/filtration device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of blood purification, in particular to hemodialysis/filtration device.

Background

The hemodialysis treatment system (see fig. 6) in the prior art generally consists of a blood circuit and a dialysate circuit, wherein the junction of the two circuits is in a dialyzer, the blood circuit penetrates into a blood vessel of a human body by using a puncture needle, the puncture needle is connected with a blood pump by a dialysis pipeline, blood is led out of a patient under the driving action of the blood pump, and the blood returns to the patient again after passing through a blood chamber of the dialyzer to form a circulation circuit; the dialysate circuit uses a corresponding dialysis device, and under the condition of controllable flow, the prepared standard dialysate is introduced into a dialysate chamber of the dialyzer, and as the blood and the dialysate undergo isotonic substance exchange in the dialyzer, the exchanged dialysate (also called waste liquid) is led out of the dialyzer and returned into the dialysis device. Meanwhile, dialysis treatment mainly comprises three purposes, the first is to extract toxin molecular substances accumulated in the patient, the second is to ultrafiltrate excessive water remained in the patient, and the third is to correct the disordered electrolyte concentration in the patient's blood after four hours of treatment.

In addition, the amount of the dialysate entering the dialyzer must be consistent with the amount of the solution pumped out of the dialyzer, otherwise, the phenomenon of excessive and insufficient excessive setting is caused, wherein excessive means that water in the body of the patient is excessively pumped in the treatment process, insufficient means that water is less pumped from the body of the patient in the treatment process, and insufficient setting means that not only water is not pumped from the body of the patient in the treatment process, but the solution is filled into the body of the patient, and serious medical accidents are caused by excessive setting.

In the hemodialysis equipment in the prior art, a model 4008-B hemodialysis machine produced by Ferneuss, Germany, is a dialysis device with balanced cavity capacity, 27 solenoid valve bodies, 8 pump bodies, 6 pressure sensors, 4 float liquid level sensors, 2 temperature sensors, 3 conductance and disinfection sensors and the like are used in the equipment, and at least 51 electrical components are used on a waterway passage in total, so that the equipment uses a huge number of non-electrically controlled mechanical components, and the hemodialysis machine is huge in volume.

German fisheries corporation applied for european union utility model patent at 18.6.2001, the patent publication number is EP 1163917 a1, and the name of the patent is "dialevelectrichtung mit eine raus gleichschamer und Verfahren zum betreibe der dialevelevichtung", and in addition, nipulo corporation of japan applied for chinese utility model patent "hemodialysis device" at 21.2011.6.2011, publication number is CN102958547A, and also has chongqing mountain science and technology limited applied for chinese utility model patent "a liquid level detection balancing device for hemodialysis" at 25.5.2011, publication number is CN 102068722A.

The 4008 model hemodialysis machine of the Ferneuss company and the three patents show that the technical schemes adopted by the three companies are the principle technology of liquid preparation and balanced cavity liquid supply. Hemodialysis treatment depends on a dialyzer, the dialyzer is a circulation loop through which blood of a patient flows, when dialysate enters and exits the dialyzer, the entering amount and the outflow amount of the dialysate must be balanced at least, otherwise, the entering amount is larger than the outflow amount, and excessive water enters a human body to cause accidents such as heart failure of the patient; on the contrary, the outflow volume is larger than the inflow volume, and when the outflow volume exceeds the ultrafiltration volume, the patient is dehydrated, and medical accidents can be caused when the outflow volume is serious.

Therefore, the above-mentioned prior art based on the structure of the balance chamber realizes the flow balance of the dialysate entering and exiting the dialyzer, but the structure of the balance chamber is not complicated, and the chamber is divided into two spaces by the elastic membrane, wherein one space enters the liquid, and the other space squeezes the liquid and exits, so that the flow of the liquid entering and exiting the chamber is equal, and the flow of the dialysate entering and exiting the dialyzer is balanced based on the above-mentioned principle. In the existing product or patent, the device based on the balance cavity structure usually uses two balance cavities to work alternately and eight electromagnetic valves to control water inlets and water outlets of four spaces of the two balance cavities, the eight electromagnetic valves of the two balance cavities are opened and closed logically, and two gear-driven pumps and overflow devices thereof are required to work synchronously, and the two gear-driven pumps keep continuous liquid supply through overflow, and the flow is controlled by using the opening and closing time of the electromagnetic valves on the balance cavities, so as to achieve the flow of 500ml per minute of conventional hemodialysis dialysate, for example. On the basis of the 500ml/min flow, the proportional amount of the A/B dialysis concentrated solution is calculated by the A/B pump, the given amount of the dialysis concentrated solution of the two A/B pumps is controlled, and then the standard dialysis solution is prepared by the A/B pumps and the reverse osmosis water. Therefore, it can be seen that the reverse osmosis water flow and the A/B concentrate flow are two relatively independent flow systems, and there is no proportional correlation between the output of each chamber and the corresponding structure of the same driving source and synchronous driving, and if the reverse osmosis water flow changes, the A/B concentrate flow needs to be recalculated, which results in large fluctuation of the conductivity. The flow is prepared to the dislysate based on balanced chamber basis, can't accomplish the dislysate flow linearity adjustable, and current dialysis equipment in addition, except above-mentioned complicated structure setting, still must be equipped with a large amount of sensors such as gas removal equipment, waterway system pressure control, temperature and conductance control to guarantee equipment safe operation. Therefore, the dialysis machine based on the balance cavity principle has the defects of complex structure, high manufacturing cost, frequent false alarm, difficult operation, high maintenance cost and the like.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The main objective of the present invention is to provide a hemodialysis/filtration device with continuous linearity, precise configuration, stable pressure, safety, reliability and real-time monitoring, which aims to realize the continuous supply of liquid and the constant pressure of the water path system, and the precise liquid distribution and the convenient and controllable flow.

In order to realize the above purpose, the utility model provides a hemodialysis/filtration device, including the inside cerini dialyser cerini that is equipped with blood room and dislysate room, the blood room passes through the blood way pipe and links to each other with user's blood vessel, the inlet of dislysate room links to each other with the liquid outlet of dislysate pump, the liquid outlet of dislysate room links to each other with the inlet of waste liquid pump, the feed liquor pipe of dislysate pump links to each other with the drain pipe of a plurality of concentrate pump, the dislysate pump the waste liquid pump and the concentrate pump passes through motor drive, and reverse osmosis water and a plurality of concentrate intensive mixing form standard dislysate and in the dislysate is indoor with the blood of blood room exchanges with the material isotonicity, finally the warp the waste liquid pump outwards.

Preferably, the dialysate pump, the waste liquid pump and the concentrate pump are all groove pumps, each groove pump includes a pump housing having a receiving space therein and an inner rotor disposed on the pump housing, a gap is formed between an outer circumferential surface of the inner rotor and an inner circumferential surface of the pump housing, a plurality of liquid pushing members are axially disposed on an outer circumferential surface of the inner rotor to rotate along with the inner rotor, an outer circumferential surface of the liquid pushing members is attached to the outer circumferential surface of the inner rotor and the inner circumferential surface of the pump housing to divide the gap into a plurality of independent spaces, a liquid blocking member is disposed on the inner circumferential surface of the pump housing and cooperates with the liquid pushing members to generate a negative pressure suction solution or a high pressure extrusion solution, and a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet penetrating through the pump housing are.

Preferably, central shafts of the inner rotors of the dialysate pump, the waste liquid pump and the plurality of concentrate pumps are sequentially and axially connected and driven to rotate by the same motor; or the central shafts of the inner rotors of the dialysate pump, the waste liquid pump and the plurality of concentrate pumps are respectively driven by different motors; or the dialysate pump, the waste liquid pump and the plurality of concentrate pumps are axially connected in any combination and driven by different motors.

Preferably, the initial end of intaking of dislysate pump is equipped with the water intaking valve control and intakes, the water intaking valve delivery port still links to each other heater, thin footpath mouth pipe and circulation degassing pump in proper order, the exit end of circulation degassing pump leads to with the left chamber bottom of water storage tank inside, left side chamber top is equipped with the gap, and reverse osmosis water can get into right chamber through the gap, right chamber inside is equipped with the water level float, left side chamber lateral part leads to with circulating pipe one end, another section of circulating pipe with the heater leads to between the thin footpath mouth pipe, right chamber bottom still leads to with accurate flow control valve through the pipeline.

Preferably, a mixing room is arranged at the position where a liquid inlet pipe of the dialysate pump and each concentrated solution are converged, and a water outlet of the mixing room is connected with a static mixer.

Preferably, the liquid outlet of the dialysate pump is connected with the liquid inlet of the upper space of the pressure regulator, the liquid outlet of the upper space is connected with the liquid inlet of the dialysate chamber, the liquid outlet of the waste liquid pump is connected with the liquid inlet of the lower space of the pressure regulator, and the liquid outlet of the lower space is connected with the outside; the inner part of the pressure regulator is axially provided with an elastic diaphragm, the inner part of the pressure regulator is radially provided with a flow blocking sheet which penetrates through the elastic diaphragm and is connected with the elastic diaphragm in a sealing way, the flowing directions of the solution in the upper space and the solution in the lower space are opposite, and the upper part and the lower part of the flow blocking sheet prevent the water flow from flowing to generate inclined swing and drive the elastic diaphragm to elastically deform.

Preferably, the pressure regulator is communicated with a pipeline connected with the dialyzer to form a conductivity meter for monitoring the conductivity and the temperature of the dialysate, and an electric conduction part and a temperature part are arranged in the conductivity meter; the conductivity meter is connected with a liquid inlet of the dialysate chamber through a pipeline and is provided with a dialysis electromagnetic valve, a bypass pipe is arranged between the dialysis electromagnetic valve and the conductivity meter and is connected with a liquid inlet pipe of the waste liquid pump, a bypass valve is arranged in the bypass pipe, when the conductivity meter detects that the conductivity and the temperature value of the dialysate are in the range of abnormal values, the dialysis electromagnetic valve is closed, the bypass valve is opened, and the dialysate flows into the liquid inlet pipe of the waste liquid pump through the bypass pipe.

Preferably, the plurality of concentrate pumps are communicated with a concentrate cavity in which a plurality of mutually independent liquid cavities are arranged through a pipeline, the top of each liquid cavity is connected with an independent electromagnetic valve through a pipeline respectively, outlet ends of the plurality of electromagnetic valves are converged and connected with an air extracting pump, an outlet end of the air extracting pump is connected with the outside, a precise flow regulating valve is arranged in a pipeline connected with the concentrate pumps at the bottom of the liquid cavity, and a pipeline connected with a concentrate barrel is arranged on the side portion of each liquid cavity.

The utility model discloses technical scheme prior art has following advantage relatively:

(1) continuous linearity. The utility model discloses technical scheme's dialysate pump, waste liquid pump and each concentrate pump all adopt draw-in groove pump structure, through draw-in groove pump inside a plurality of intersubes groove absorption solution in turn and/or extrude solution, make the output of solution be continuous and linear and transmit, can effectively avoid carrying out the material with blood like this and ooze the exchange process and produce great pressure variation and arouse that user's health is not suitable.

(2) And (4) precise configuration. The utility model discloses among the technical scheme, the center pin of dislysate pump, waste liquid pump and concentrated liquid pump links to each other in proper order and drives by same motor, and consequently the solution volume of preparing the standard dislysate that forms and waste liquid pump output by dislysate pump and concentrated liquid pump is the same, and the security that dialysis process can be guaranteed to accurate solution of preparing. Additionally, the utility model discloses technical scheme is still through the liquid outlet at the sap cavity that is used for preserving the concentrate accurate flow control valve that links to each other with accurate control flow.

(3) The pressure is stable. The utility model discloses technical scheme is through setting up pressure regulator, and pressure regulator is inside to be separated through elastic diaphragm, the spoiler links to each other and can swing with elastic diaphragm, the dislysate enters into in the supreme space and is blockked and produce the resistance by spoiler upper portion, and the dialysis waste liquid enters into to be blockked and produce the resistance by the spoiler lower part in the space down, because dislysate is relative with dialysis waste liquid flow direction, consequently, take place not equidirectional swing and drive elastic diaphragm elastic deformation through the upper portion and the lower part of spoiler, make pressure between dislysate and the dialysis waste liquid reach equilibrium as far as possible, further guarantee dialysis process's fail safe nature.

(4) Is safe and reliable. The utility model discloses technical scheme sets up the conductivity meter through the front end that gets into the dislysate room, through the accurate control of the temperature and the conductivity of conductivity meter to standard dislysate, if the dislysate accords with corresponding within range then directly to get into to the dislysate indoor, if the dislysate is not conform to corresponding scope and then make the valve that gets into the dislysate room close and get into to the waste liquid pump through the bypass in, not only can guarantee user dialysis process's travelling comfort and guarantee dialysis process safety and reliable like this. Additionally the utility model discloses technical scheme is through before reverse osmosis water mixes with other concentrate, the water storage tank of flowing through, overflows through reverse osmosis water between from left chamber to the right chamber and flows, makes the trace air that originally dissolves in the solution appear, and rethread circulation degassing pump and circulating pipe are continuously taken reverse osmosis water out and transport to left chamber again, can further improve the completeness that trace air appeared, finally guarantee the safe reliability in utilization of dislysate.

(5) And (5) monitoring in real time. The utility model discloses technical scheme is equipped with first pressure monitoring through the water inlet position that links to each other at dialysate pump and upper right end of upper space, and the water inlet position that waste liquid pump and lower left lower extreme of space link to each other is equipped with second pressure monitoring, consequently can real time monitoring pressure variation range in order to guarantee operational reliability.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a hemodialysis/filtration apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a slot pump according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of an internal structure of a slot pump according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a pressure regulator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a pressure regulator according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a structural view of a hemodialysis treatment system of the related art.

The reference numbers illustrate:

the objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as upper, lower, left, right, front and rear … …) are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the motion situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.

In addition, if there is a description relating to "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions in the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.

The utility model provides a hemodialysis/filtration device.

Please refer to fig. 1 to 4, the utility model discloses hemodialysis filter, including the inside cerini dialyser cerini 70 that is equipped with blood room and dislysate room, the blood room passes through the blood way pipe and links to each other with user's blood vessel, the inlet of dislysate room links to each other with the liquid outlet of dislysate pump 28, the liquid outlet of dislysate room links to each other with the inlet of waste liquid pump 38, the feed liquor pipe of dislysate pump 28 links to each other with the drain pipe of A concentrate pump 19 and B concentrate pump 22, dislysate pump 28, waste liquid pump 38, the central axis of A concentrate pump 19 and B concentrate pump 22 links to each other in proper order and drives through same motor 39, form standard dislysate and exchange with the blood of blood room with the material isotonicity in the dislysate room after the reverse osmosis water mixes fully with A concentrate and B concentrate, finally discharge through the outside.

Referring to fig. 2 to 3, the dialysate pump 28, the waste liquid pump 38, the a-concentrate pump 19, and the B-concentrate pump 22 of the present embodiment all adopt a card slot pump structure, wherein the card slot pump 8 mainly includes a pump housing 81 and an inner rotor 82 disposed inside the pump housing 81, and a space for accommodating solution is formed between the inner circumferential surface of the pump housing 81 and the outer circumferential surface of the inner rotor 82, so that in the practical application process, the output volume per cavity/rotation of the card slot pump can be adjusted by selecting the pump housing 81 and the inner rotor 82 with different sizes. In addition, two liquid pushing members 821 are symmetrically arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the inner rotor 82 of the slot pump of the embodiment, so that the two liquid pushing members 821 can divide the inter-slot into two mutually independent sub-inter-slots for storing the solution, a restorable slot blocking structure 83 capable of elastically swinging is arranged on the inner peripheral surface of the pump housing 81, and a liquid blocking member 831 is arranged on the restorable slot blocking structure, so that when the liquid pushing members 821 rotate along with the inner rotor 82, the space of the inter-slot between one of the liquid pushing members 821 and the liquid blocking member 831 is continuously reduced, and the solution stored in the inter-slot space is extruded and discharged from the liquid outlet 85. After the liquid pushing part 821 collides with the liquid blocking part 831, the liquid blocking part 831 swings to generate an abdicating space, so that the liquid pushing part 821 can smoothly pass through the liquid blocking part 831, and the liquid pushing part 821 passes through the inter-sub-groove space behind the liquid blocking part 831 and is continuously increased and sucks another solution into the inter-groove from the liquid inlet 84 through negative pressure. Therefore, through the above-mentioned working process, the solution is continuously and linearly conveyed by the clamping groove pump.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the liquid pushing element 821 and/or the liquid blocking element 831 are elastic moving elements, specifically, the outer peripheral surface of the inner rotor 82 and/or the inner peripheral surface of the pump housing 81 are provided with grooves for accommodating the liquid pushing element 821 or the liquid blocking element 831 respectively, the grooves are internally provided with elastic elements for pushing out the liquid pushing element 821 and the liquid blocking element 831 outwards and elastically, the width of the end of the groove is smaller than the radius of the liquid pushing element 821 and/or the liquid blocking element 831, the radial length of the extending part of the liquid pushing element 821 and/or the liquid blocking element 831 extending out of the middle groove is equal to the annular width of the middle groove, wherein the central axis of the inner rotor 82 is provided with a rotating shaft, one end of the rotating shaft can extend out of the pump housing 81 or the two ends of the rotating shaft extend out of the pump housing 81 simultaneously. In order to realize better solution pushing of the liquid pushing part 821 or better blocking of the liquid blocking part 831, the end width of the groove is set to be smaller than the radius of the liquid pushing part 821 and/or the liquid blocking part 831, and the radial length of the liquid pushing part 821 and/or the liquid blocking part 831 extending out of the middle groove is equal to the annular width of the middle groove. The liquid pushing member 821 is an axial rotation member, the liquid blocking member 831 is a cylinder capable of elastic radial movement, and the pump housing 81 has a recess on its inner circumferential surface and contains a spring to elastically push out the liquid blocking member 831 and make contact with the liquid pushing member 821. Preferably, in order to further improve the pushing force of the liquid pushing member 821 on the solution and the sealing performance with the inner circumferential surface of the pump housing 81, the liquid pushing member 821 may be sealed with the inner circumferential surface of the pump housing 81 in a line contact manner or in a surface contact manner.

In other embodiments of the present invention, the liquid blocking member 831 is a plurality of and at least one, and the liquid pushing member 821 is at least one and is circumferentially and uniformly disposed, and each of the two sides of the liquid blocking member 831 is respectively provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, and by respectively providing a plurality of liquid blocking members 831 with liquid inlets and liquid outlets on two sides, the liquid inlets are respectively communicated with the liquid inlet container through liquid outlet pipes, and the liquid outlets are respectively detachably connected with the dialysate pipe through liquid outlet pipes, after the solution enters the compartment from the liquid inlet pipes, the solution is pushed by the liquid pushing member 821 and is relatively squeezed with the liquid blocking member 831 to gradually generate high pressure, and then flows through the liquid outlet pipes to flow into the dialysate pipe to mix, wherein all the liquid outlet pipes are simultaneously communicated with the dialysate pipe, the slot pump is in full flow, and a part of the liquid outlet pipes are communicated with the dialysate pipe, and another part of the liquid outlet pipes is separated from the, and then the liquid inlet pipeline is communicated with the liquid outlet pipeline, part of the solution enters the intermediate groove and then flows back to the liquid inlet pipeline, and the clamping groove pump is in a non-full-flow working condition.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the liquid pushing member 821 is a plurality of clamping plates evenly arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the inner rotor 82, the liquid blocking member 831 is an axial rotation component arranged in the groove of the pump housing 81, a plurality of extending baffles are equally arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the liquid blocking member 831 in the circumferential direction, and the baffles extend into the middle groove and are pushed by the liquid pushing member 821 to rotate. When the slot pump is operated, the liquid pushing part 821 passes through the liquid blocking part 831, the baffle is pushed by the liquid pushing part 821 to rotate the liquid blocking part 831 around the central axis thereof, so that a displacement space is generated between the liquid pushing part 821 and the liquid blocking part 831, and the liquid pushing part 821 can smoothly pass through the liquid blocking part 831. In addition, since the plurality of baffles are averagely arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the liquid blocking member 831, after the baffles are pushed by the liquid pushing member 821 to rotate by a certain angle, the next baffle is ready to be touched and swung with the next liquid pushing member 821, and before the two baffles touch, the solution in the intermediate groove can be discharged outside through the liquid outlet. As for the liquid suction step, as the space between the liquid pusher 821 and the baffle plate increases, the solution can be sucked into it by the negative pressure.

Referring to fig. 1, the output per chamber/volume per rotation in this embodiment refers to the unit volume of the liquid output from the pump body per rotation of the motor per unit time, and in order to make the output per chamber/volume per rotation the same for the dialysate pump 28 and the waste liquid pump 38, the dialysate pump 28 and the waste liquid pump 38 of this embodiment are driven by the motor driving shaft 39a of the same motor 39, so that the input volume of the dialysate and the output volume of the waste liquid are the same, and the comfort of the dialysis process of the user can be effectively improved and the medical accident caused by excessive pressure fluctuation can be avoided.

Because the dialysate is formed by reverse osmosis water, a concentrate A and a concentrate B according to a certain proportion, the output of each cavity/output of the concentrate A pump 19, the output of each cavity/output of the concentrate B pump 22 and the water intake of the reverse osmosis water of the embodiment are prepared in proportion, the three liquids are mixed to reach the electrolyte ion concentration of the standard dialysate, and the mixed volume of the three liquids is the output of each cavity/output of the dialysate pump 28.

In order to ensure that the reverse osmosis water pumped by the dialysate pump 28 is accurately prepared with the concentrate A and the concentrate B, a precise flow control valve 14 is arranged between the first pipeline 13 at the bottom of the right cavity 9B of the water storage tank 10 and the first static mixer 20, so that the water pumped by the dialysate pump 28 can be finely adjusted through the precise flow control valve 14, and technological errors caused by pump body design or processing and manufacturing processes can be compensated.

The reverse osmosis water enters the A liquid mixing room 16 through the water storage tank 10 and the precise flow control valve 14, meanwhile, the A concentrated solution also enters the A liquid mixing room 16 through the third pipeline 17 and is uniformly mixed with the reverse osmosis water through the fourth pipeline 18 in the first static mixer 20 to form A diluent, in addition, the B concentrated solution enters the B liquid mixing room 23 through the fifth pipeline 21 to be converged with the A diluent, then enters the second static mixer 25 through the sixth pipeline 24 to be uniformly mixed to form dialysate, and finally enters the dialysate pump 28 through the seventh pipeline 26. From the above-mentioned structural arrangement, we can know, in the utility model discloses in other embodiments, through setting up one or many pipelines that carry different concentrate respectively and linking to each other with the trunk line, can realize mixing different concentrates and reverse osmosis water and diluting to finally form the dislysate of different concentration or different grade type in order to satisfy different user demands.

In this embodiment, in order to make the a concentrate pump 19 and the B concentrate pump 22 respectively and quantitatively extract the concentrates into the a/B liquid chamber 50, in this embodiment, the a liquid chamber 51a and the B liquid chamber 51B which are independent of each other are respectively arranged inside the a/B liquid chamber 50, the a liquid chamber 51a is provided with an a liquid level float 52a, the B liquid chamber 51B is provided with a B liquid level float 52B, in addition, the top of the a liquid chamber 51a is connected with the first electromagnetic valve 53 through a pipeline, the top of the B liquid chamber 51B is connected with the second electromagnetic valve 54 through a pipeline, and then the first electromagnetic valve 53 and the second electromagnetic valve 54 are connected with the air suction pump 43 through a common pipeline and are communicated with the outside atmosphere. In addition, the bottom of the A liquid cavity 51a is connected with the first precise flow control valve 46 through a pipeline, then the first precise flow control valve 46 is connected with the water inlet of the A concentrated liquid pump 19 through a pipeline, the bottom of the B liquid cavity 51B is connected with the second precise flow control valve 47 through a pipeline, then the second precise flow control valve 47 is connected with the water inlet of the B concentrated liquid pump 22 through a pipeline, and therefore the liquid taking amount of the A concentrated liquid pump 19 and the B concentrated liquid pump 22 can be finely adjusted through the first precise flow control valve 46 and the second precise flow control valve 47 so as to make up for the technological error of the pump body. Wherein the liquid A chamber 51a and the liquid B chamber 51B of the liquid A/B chamber 50 generate negative pressure by the air suction pump 43 when priming solution, at the same time, the first electromagnetic valve 53 and the second electromagnetic valve 54 are both in an open state, the liquid A chamber 51a sucks up the liquid A concentrate from the liquid A barrel 41 through the liquid A delivery pipe 48a and enters the liquid A chamber 51a, and the liquid B chamber 51B sucks up the liquid B concentrate from the liquid B barrel 40 through the liquid B delivery pipe 48B and enters the liquid B chamber 51B, when the liquid A float 52a and the liquid B float 52B float respectively float to the highest position, the first electromagnetic valve 53 and the second electromagnetic valve 54 are closed, and the air suction pump is also in a pause working state.

In addition, the a-concentrate pump 19 and the B-concentrate pump 22 of the present embodiment are synchronously driven by the unified driving source motor 39, and since the output volume per chamber/rotation of the a-concentrate pump 19 and the B-concentrate pump 22 is related to the reverse osmosis water volume, the volume of the three mixed liquids is the output volume per chamber/rotation of the dialysate pump 28, and the three mixed volumes are mixed sufficiently to form the standard electrolyte ion concentration of the dialysate. In other embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the central axes of the dialysate pump 28, the waste liquid pump 38, and the inner rotors 82 of the plurality of concentrate pumps are driven by different motors 39. In other embodiments of the present invention, the dialysate pump 28, the waste pump 38, and the plurality of concentrate pumps are axially connected in any combination and driven by different motors 39.

The structure of the dialysate pipeline part of the embodiment mainly comprises a liquid supply passage and a liquid return passage, and the blood of the user is mainly pressurized by the blood pump and pressed into the dialyzer 70 through the arterial pot 74a, so that the blood is in the blood chamber of the dialyzer 70, and the blood forms a certain pressure in the blood chamber of the dialyzer, namely the pressure in the transmembrane pressure hollow fiber. In order to keep the fluid pressure in the supply and return fluid path, which is composed of the dialysate pump 28 and the waste fluid pump 38, relatively constant with the pressure in the transmembrane pressure hollow fiber, the pressure in the supply and return fluid path needs to be controlled accordingly by the pressure regulator.

Specifically, referring to fig. 2 and 4, the internal cavity of the pressure regulator 30 of the present embodiment is divided into an upper space 30a and a lower space 30b by using an elastic diaphragm 31, and the upper space 30a and the lower space 30b are respectively provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and at the same time, a flow blocking plate 30c is further disposed inside the pressure regulator 30 and penetrates the elastic diaphragm 31 up and down and is connected in a sealing manner, wherein the flow blocking plate 30c can use a cross line of the flow blocking plate 30c and the elastic diaphragm 31 as a central axis, and the upper end and the lower end of the flow blocking plate 30c respectively swing synchronously in the upper space 30a and the lower space 30b to stabilize the internal pressure of the upper space 30a and the lower space 30 b. Preferably, the inlet port of the dialysate pump 28 connected to the upper right end of the upper volume 30b is provided with a first pressure monitor 29a, while the inlet port of the waste pump 38 connected to the lower left end of the lower volume 30b is provided with a second pressure monitor 29 b. When the dialysate pump 28 pushes the dialysate into the upper space 30a from the water inlet end, the dialysate meets the upper portion of the baffle 30c and then generates a certain resistance, so that the flow speed of the dialysate is not too fast, and then the dialysate enters the dialysate chamber of the dialyzer 70. Meanwhile, the waste liquid pump 38 pumps the dialyzed waste liquid out of the dialyzer and then enters the lower space 30b of the pressure regulator 30, and the waste liquid meets the lower part of the flow blocking sheet 30c to generate a certain resistance, so that the outward flowing speed of the waste liquid is not too high. In addition, because the flow blocking sheet 30c in the upper space 30a generates resistance to the dialysate and the flow blocking sheet 30c in the lower space 30b also generates resistance to the waste liquid, the flow blocking sheet 30c rotates a certain angle, and the elastic membrane 31 also deforms to a certain extent, so that the amount of the dialysate entering the dialyzer 70 and the amount of the waste liquid leaving the dialyzer 70 can be effectively adjusted to reach an equilibrium state.

In order to accurately monitor the conductivity and temperature of the dialysate, the present embodiment arranges the conductivity meter 32 between the pressure regulator and the dialyzer, and arranges the electrical conducting part 32a and the temperature part 32b inside the conductivity meter 32, so that when the dialysate passes through the electrical conducting part 32a and the temperature part 32b and meets the preset range of values, the dialysate can pass through the dialysis solenoid valve 33 and smoothly enter the dialysate chamber of the dialyzer. However, when the dialysate exceeds or falls below the respective conductivity and temperature preset range values, the bypass valve 34 is opened by closing the dialysis solenoid valve 33 so that the dialysate cannot pass through the dialysis solenoid valve 33 into the dialysate chamber, but instead passes through the bypass valve 34 to bypass into a conduit connected to the waste liquid pump 38 and directly into the waste liquid pump 38. Preferably, in order to further improve the reliability of the use of the reverse osmosis water, the present embodiment provides a high efficiency filter 75 between the conductivity 32 body and the dialysate chamber. To further control the flow of dialysate into the dialysate chamber, the third solenoid valve 35 and the peristaltic pump 72 are connected in series by a bypass at the outlet of the high efficiency filter 75.

In order to improve the safety of the dialysate, the heater 3 is connected to the water inlet pipeline of the reverse osmosis water, so that the dialysate mixed with other solutions can be maintained at the temperature of the human body as much as possible by heating the reverse osmosis water, and thus, the excessive heat exchange between the dialysate and the blood during the dialysis process with the blood of the human body can be avoided, and the temperature of the human body can be reduced. In addition, the output end of the heater 3 is sequentially connected with a small-diameter opening pipe 5 and a circulating degassing pump 6, the output end of the circulating degassing pump 6 is connected with a left cavity 9a inside the water storage tank 10, a right cavity 9b and the left cavity 9a are arranged inside the water storage tank 10 side by side, water inside the left cavity 9a can overflow to the right cavity 9b through a top opening, a water level floater 12 is arranged at the upper part of the right cavity and can lift along with the water level height, a water inlet valve 2 is arranged at the water inlet end of the heater 3 and controls the water inflow of reverse osmosis water and is related to the working height of the water level floater 12, and a second pipeline 15 is connected with the top of the water storage tank 10 to discharge trace air overflowing from the reverse osmosis water.

Specifically, a water level float 12 is arranged at the top of a right cavity 9b of a water storage tank 10 for storing reverse osmosis water to control the liquid level height in the right cavity 9b, when the reverse osmosis water discharges liquid outwards through a first pipeline 13, the water level float 12 correspondingly descends, and at the moment, a water inlet valve 2 is opened, the reverse osmosis water enters a left cavity 9a through a small-diameter port pipe 5 under the negative pressure action of a circulating degassing pump 6, then the reverse osmosis water overflows into the right cavity 9b through an outlet at the top of the left cavity 9a, so that the water level float 12 ascends and resets, and the water inlet valve 2 is closed, liquid inlet of the reverse osmosis water can be realized through the continuous circulating working process, whether the water inlet valve is closed cannot be judged, the circulating degassing pump 6 is always in a normal working state, and thus the excessive reverse osmosis water entering the left cavity 9a enters a pipeline between a heater 3 and the small-diameter port pipe 5 through a circulating pipe 8, and a trace amount of air inside the reverse osmosis water may overflow during the continuous overflow or the entrance into the right chamber 9b and the trace amount of air may be discharged outside through the second pipe 15 at the top of the water storage tank 10.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the hemodialysis/filtration apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention has the following working principle:

the reverse osmosis water source 1 enters the heater 3 through the water inlet valve 2 to be heated, the heated reverse osmosis water passes through the small-diameter opening pipe 5 and the circulating degassing pump 6 and then enters the left cavity 9a of the water storage tank 10 through the circulating input pipeline 7, the reverse osmosis water level inside the left cavity 9a continuously rises and flows to the right cavity 9b from the overflow opening 11 at the top of the left cavity 9a, in the process of the reverse osmosis water flowing to the right cavity 9b, trace air originally dissolved in the water body can be separated out and is discharged outwards through the second pipeline 15 at the top of the water storage tank 10, in addition, the side part of the left cavity 9a is connected with the circulating pipe 8 connected with the pipeline between the heater 3 and the small-diameter opening pipe 5, and the circulating degassing pump 6 continuously works, so that the trace air can be continuously separated out from the reverse osmosis water, and the safety and reliability of the reverse osmosis water use are ensured. The right cavity water level floater 12 continuously rises and moves upwards along with the water level of the right cavity 9b, then the reverse osmosis water in the right cavity 9b enters the precise flow regulating valve 14 through the first pipeline 13, and the flow of the reverse osmosis water is precisely controlled through the precise flow regulating valve 14.

Meanwhile, the first solenoid valve 53 and the second solenoid valve 54 are opened, the air pump 13 operates to generate negative pressure, and thus negative pressure can be generated in the a liquid chamber 51a and the B liquid chamber 51B, the side portion of the a liquid chamber 51a sucks the a concentrated solution stored in the a liquid barrel 41 into the a liquid chamber 51a through the a liquid delivery pipe 48a, the side portion of the B liquid chamber 51B sucks the B concentrated solution stored in the B liquid barrel 40 into the B liquid chamber 51B through the B liquid delivery pipe 48B, the a concentrated solution in the a liquid chamber 51a enters the a concentrated solution pump 19 through the first precise flow control valve 46, and the B concentrated solution in the B liquid chamber 51B enters the B concentrated solution pump 22 through the second precise flow control valve 47. The A concentrated solution in the A concentrated solution pump 19 enters the A mixed room 16 through the third pipeline 17 to be mixed with the reverse osmosis water, and then enters the first static mixer 20 through the fourth pipeline 18 to be fully mixed to form the A diluted solution. The B concentrate from the B concentrate pump 22 enters the B-solution mixing chamber 23 through the fifth pipe 21 to be mixed with the a diluent, and then enters the second static mixer 25 to be sufficiently mixed, thereby finally forming a standard dialysate.

The mixed dialysate enters the dialysate pump 28 through the water inlet of the dialysate pump 28, enters the upper space 30a through the outlet pipe 27, enters the pipe adjacent to the pressure regulator 30, passes through the flow-blocking plate 30c, enters the conductivity meter 32 through the pipe, passes through the conductivity part 32a and the temperature part 32b of the conductivity meter, directly enters the dialysate chamber of the dialyzer 70 through the pipe to be subjected to isotonic exchange with substances generated in blood, the exchanged dialysate becomes waste liquid, directly enters the waste liquid pump 38 through the pipe connected to the waste liquid pump 38, enters the lower space 30b of the pressure regulator 30 through the ninth pipe 37a connected to the outlet end of the waste liquid pump 38, and the upper part and the lower part of the flow-blocking plate 30c swing together and elastically deform the elastic diaphragm 31 due to the opposite flowing directions of the dialysate and the dialysis waste liquid, so that the upper space 30a and the lower space 30b have the same flow rate and the same flow rate, and then are discharged to the outside through the tenth pipe 37 b. In addition, in the present embodiment, the eighth pipe 36a of the waste liquid pump 38 is provided with the ultrafiltration pump 60 and the ultrafiltration filter 61, and the ultrafiltration pump 60 can perform ultrafiltration in a preset amount according to the treatment needs of the patient.

The above only is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, not so limiting the patent scope of the present invention, all under the concept of the present invention, the equivalent structure transformation made by the contents of the specification and the drawings is utilized, or the direct/indirect application is included in other related technical fields in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hemodialysis/filtration device is characterized by comprising a dialyzer, wherein a blood chamber and a dialysate chamber are arranged in the dialyzer, the blood chamber is connected with a user blood vessel through a blood path pipe, a liquid inlet of the dialysate chamber is connected with a liquid outlet of a dialysate pump, a liquid outlet of the dialysate chamber is connected with a liquid inlet of a waste liquid pump, a liquid inlet pipe of the dialysate pump is connected with liquid outlet pipes of a plurality of concentrate pumps, the dialysate pump, the waste liquid pump and the concentrate pumps are driven by motors, reverse osmosis water and a plurality of concentrates are fully mixed to form standard dialysate, the standard dialysate and the blood in the blood chamber are subjected to material isotonic exchange in the dialysate chamber, and finally the standard dialysate and the blood in the blood chamber are extracted and discharged through the waste liquid pump.

2. The hemodialysis/filtration apparatus of claim 1, wherein the dialysate pump, the waste pump, and the concentrate pump are all card slot pumps, the clamping groove pump comprises a pump shell with a cavity arranged inside and an inner rotor axially arranged at the center, an annular space groove is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the inner rotor and the inner circumferential surface of the cavity, a plurality of liquid pushing pieces are uniformly arranged on the peripheral surface of the inner rotor in the circumferential direction and rotate along with the inner rotor, the liquid pushing pieces are attached to the inner peripheral surface of the cavity to divide the intermediate groove into a plurality of independent spaces, the inner circumferential surface of the pump shell is provided with a plurality of liquid blocking pieces which are matched with the liquid pushing piece to generate negative pressure suction solution or generate high pressure extrusion solution, the pump shell is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are communicated with the intermediate groove, and the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are arranged on two sides of the liquid blocking piece.

3. The hemodialysis/filtration apparatus of claim 2, wherein the central shafts of the inner rotors of the dialysate pump, the waste liquid pump, and the plurality of concentrate pumps are sequentially axially connected and rotated by the same motor; or the central shafts of the inner rotors of the dialysate pump, the waste liquid pump and the plurality of concentrate pumps are respectively driven by different motors; or the dialysate pump, the waste liquid pump and the plurality of concentrate pumps are axially connected in any combination and driven by different motors.

4. The hemodialysis/filtration apparatus of claim 3, wherein a water inlet valve is provided at the initial water inlet end of the dialysate pump to control water inlet, a heater, a small diameter tube and a circulating degassing pump are sequentially connected to the water outlet of the water inlet valve, the outlet of the circulating degassing pump is connected to the bottom of the left chamber inside the water tank, a water overflow port is provided at the top of the left chamber, reverse osmosis water can enter the right chamber through the water overflow port, a water level float is provided inside the right chamber, the side of the left chamber is connected to one end of a circulating tube, the other end of the circulating tube is connected to the heater and the small diameter tube via a pipe, and the bottom of the right chamber is connected to the precise flow control valve via a pipe.

5. The hemodialysis/hemofiltration apparatus of claim 4, wherein a mixing chamber is provided at a position where the liquid inlet pipe of the dialysate pump and each of the concentrates meet, and a static mixer is connected to the water outlet of the mixing chamber.

6. The hemodialysis/filtration apparatus of claim 5, wherein the dialysate pump has a fluid outlet connected to a fluid inlet of an upper space of the pressure regulator, the upper space having a fluid outlet connected to a fluid inlet of the dialysate chamber, the waste fluid pump having a fluid outlet connected to a fluid inlet of a lower space of the pressure regulator, the lower space having a fluid outlet connected to the outside; the inner part of the pressure regulator is axially provided with an elastic diaphragm, the inner part of the pressure regulator is radially provided with a flow blocking sheet which penetrates through the elastic diaphragm and is connected with the elastic diaphragm in a sealing way, the flowing directions of the solution in the upper space and the solution in the lower space are opposite, and the upper part and the lower part of the flow blocking sheet prevent the water flow from flowing to generate inclined swing and drive the elastic diaphragm to elastically deform.

7. The hemodialysis/filtration apparatus of claim 6, wherein the pressure regulator is connected to the dialyzer connecting conduit by a conductivity meter for monitoring the conductivity and temperature of the dialysate, the conductivity meter having an electrical conducting portion and a temperature portion inside; the conductivity meter is connected with a liquid inlet of the dialysate chamber through a pipeline and is provided with a dialysis electromagnetic valve, a bypass pipe is arranged between the dialysis electromagnetic valve and the conductivity meter and is connected with a liquid inlet pipe of the waste liquid pump, a bypass valve is arranged in the bypass pipe, when the conductivity meter detects that the conductivity and the temperature value of the dialysate are in the range of abnormal values, the dialysis electromagnetic valve is closed, the bypass valve is opened, and the dialysate flows into the liquid inlet pipe of the waste liquid pump through the bypass pipe.

8. The hemodialysis/filtration apparatus of claim 7, wherein a plurality of the concentrate pumps are connected to a concentrate chamber having a plurality of independent chambers inside by pipes, the top of each chamber is connected to an independent solenoid valve by pipes, the outlet ends of the plurality of solenoid valves are converged and connected to a suction pump, the outlet end of the suction pump is connected to the outside, a precise flow control valve is disposed in the pipe connecting the bottom of the chamber to the concentrate pump, and the side of each chamber is connected to a concentrate barrel by pipes.