CN210167505U

CN210167505U - Broadband SIW slot antenna

Info

Publication number: CN210167505U
Application number: CN201921186506.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 包晓军; 李琳; 王育才; 刘会涛; 刘远曦; 辛勇豪
Original assignee: XTR SOLUTIONS Ltd
Current assignee: Guangdong Narui Radar Technology Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2019-07-25
Filing date: 2019-07-25
Publication date: 2020-03-20
Anticipated expiration: 2029-07-25

Abstract

The application provides a broadband SIW slot antenna includes: a dielectric substrate comprising an upper surface and a lower surface; an upper surface metal layer covering an upper surface of the dielectric substrate; the lower surface metal layer covers the lower surface of the medium substrate; a metalized via array arranged on the dielectric substrate in a designated direction and penetrating through the dielectric substrate and the upper surface metal layer and the lower surface metal layer; a rectangular gap etched on the upper surface metal layer; and the feed structure is arranged on the dielectric substrate and connected to the coaxial line so as to receive an external signal and excite the broadband SIW slot antenna to radiate outwards. The metalized through hole array, the upper surface metal layer and the lower surface metal layer form a section of closed substrate integrated waveguide cavity. The metallized through hole array is arranged in a rectangle surrounding the rectangular gap, and an included angle is formed between the metallized through hole array and the long edge of the rectangular gap.

Description

Broadband SIW slot antenna

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a mobile communication field especially relates to a broadband SIW slot antenna.

Background

Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) technology is a new type of microwave and millimeter wave guided wave structure fabricated on a dielectric Substrate by printed circuit board process. Since the present, the antenna has advantages of low loss, high Q value and easy planar circuit integration, and thus has become a research hotspot in the field of antennas.

The substrate integrated waveguide slot antenna formed by the substrate integrated waveguide technology has the performance similar to that of a traditional metal waveguide cavity slot antenna, has the characteristics of low profile, light weight and the like of a microstrip antenna, and can be manufactured by a traditional circuit board process.

With the development of wireless communication technology, the performance requirements of communication devices on antennas are higher and higher. For example, the operating bandwidth of the antenna needs to be broadened to accommodate more application scenarios. The prior substrate integrated waveguide broadband antenna can be roughly divided into four technical methods, namely a patch slot, a floor slot, a loading short-circuit probe and an improved feed structure. If asymmetric notching or shorting probes are used, the current distribution on the antenna surface will be affected, and the radiation pattern of the antenna will be affected. In addition, the floor slotting technology can generate unnecessary backward radiation component, and the radiation performance of the antenna is affected.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a solve prior art's not enough, through the mode that adopts simultaneously to change feed structure and rectangle radiation gap structure, can obtain the effect that improves antenna gain.

In order to achieve the above object, the present application adopts the following technical solutions.

First, the present application provides a wideband SIW slot antenna, including: a dielectric substrate comprising an upper surface and a lower surface; an upper surface metal layer covering an upper surface of the dielectric substrate; the lower surface metal layer covers the lower surface of the medium substrate; the metalized through hole arrays are arranged on the medium substrate in a specified direction and penetrate through the medium substrate to be arranged to the upper surface metal layer and the lower surface metal layer; a rectangular gap etched on the upper surface metal layer; a feed structure disposed on the dielectric substrate; and the coaxial line or the coaxial connector is connected to the feed structure to transmit an external signal, and the broadband SIW slot antenna is excited by the feed structure to radiate outwards. The metalized through hole array, the upper surface metal layer and the lower surface metal layer form a section of closed substrate integrated waveguide cavity. The metallized through hole array is arranged in a rectangle surrounding the rectangular gap, and an included angle is formed between the metallized through hole array and the long edge of the rectangular gap.

Further, in the above-described embodiments of the present application, the array of metallized vias has a uniform aperture diameter, and the distance between each metallized via is at least twice the aperture diameter.

Alternatively, in one or more of the above embodiments of the present application, an angle between a long side of the rectangular slit and a long side of a rectangle on which the metallized via array is arranged is 50 °.

Alternatively, in one or more of the above embodiments of the present application, the distances from the center of the rectangular slot to the two long sides of the rectangle formed by the arrangement of the metallized through holes are equal.

Further, in one or more of the above embodiments of the present application, the feed structure further includes an etched pattern etched out of the metallization hole of the lower surface metal layer.

Still further, in one or more of the above embodiments of the present application, the feeding structure further includes a metalized hole penetrating through the dielectric substrate so as to connect the upper surface metal layer and the lower surface metal layer, and the metalized hole connects the coaxial line to receive an external signal.

Alternatively, in one or more of the above embodiments of the present application, the inner conductor of the coaxial line is connected to the metalized hole, and the outer conductor of the coaxial line is connected to the lower surface metal layer.

Secondly, this application still discloses a broadband SIW slot antenna, includes: a dielectric substrate comprising an upper surface and a lower surface; an upper surface metal layer covering an upper surface of the dielectric substrate; the lower surface metal layer covers the lower surface of the medium substrate; the metalized through hole arrays are arranged on the medium substrate in a specified direction and penetrate through the medium substrate to be arranged to the upper surface metal layer and the lower surface metal layer; a rectangular gap etched on the upper surface metal layer; and a feed structure. The feed structure further includes: etching patterns outside the metallized holes of the lower surface metal layer; metallized holes penetrating through the dielectric substrate and the upper surface metal layer and separated from the lower surface metal layer by the etched pattern; and the inner conductor of the coaxial wire or coaxial connector is connected to the metalized hole, and the connecting outer conductor of the coaxial wire or coaxial connector is connected to the lower surface metal layer so as to receive an external signal and excite the broadband SIW slot antenna to radiate outwards. The metalized through hole array, the upper surface metal layer and the lower surface metal layer form a section of closed substrate integrated waveguide cavity. The metallized through hole array is arranged in a rectangle surrounding the rectangular gap, and an included angle is formed between the metallized through hole array and the long edge of the rectangular gap.

Further, in one or more of the above embodiments of the present application, the array of metallized vias has a uniform aperture diameter, and the distance between each metallized via is at least twice the aperture diameter.

The utility model has the advantages that: the inclined rectangular radiation slot is etched on the closed substrate integrated waveguide through coaxial feed, so that the wide working bandwidth is obtained, and the good radiation performance is obtained.

Drawings

The advantages and mode of realisation of the invention will become more apparent and clearer from the following detailed description, given by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the illustrated content is only intended for illustrating the invention, without constituting any limiting in any sense thereto, in which:

FIG. 1 is a front view of a wideband SIW slot antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a rear view of the wideband SIW slot antenna shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the wideband SIW slot antenna of FIG. 1 taken along section line 3-3 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a graph of reflection coefficient versus operating frequency for a feed port of a wideband SIW slot antenna;

fig. 5 shows a wideband SIW slot antenna gain pattern.

These drawings will be described in detail below.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the disclosure or the application and uses thereof. Furthermore, there is no intention to be bound by any expressed or implied theory presented in the preceding background or the following detailed description.

Embodiments of the present disclosure are described herein. However, it is to be understood that the disclosed embodiments are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments may take various and alternative forms. The figures are not necessarily to scale; some features may be exaggerated or minimized to show details of particular components. Therefore, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but merely as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the present invention. As will be appreciated by one of skill in the art, various features illustrated and described with reference to any one of the figures can be combined with features illustrated in one or more of the figures to produce embodiments that are not explicitly illustrated or described. The combination of features illustrated provides a representative embodiment of a typical application. However, various combinations and modifications of these features consistent with the teachings of the present disclosure may be desired for particular applications or implementations.

Certain terminology may be used in the following description for reference purposes only and is therefore not intended to be limiting. For example, terms such as "above" and "below" refer to directions referenced in the drawings. Terms such as "front," "back," "left," "right," "back," and "side" describe the orientation and/or position of various parts of a component or element within a consistent but arbitrary frame of reference that becomes apparent with reference to the text and associated drawings describing the component or element in question. Also, terms such as "first," "second," "third," and the like may be used to describe individual components. Such terms may include the words specifically mentioned above, derivatives thereof, and words of similar import.

Referring to the front view shown in fig. 1, the back view shown in fig. 2, and the cross-sectional view shown in fig. 3, in one or more embodiments of the present application, the wideband SIW slot antenna 1 includes: a dielectric substrate 10, an upper surface metal layer 20, a lower surface metal layer 30, a metallized via array 40, a rectangular slot 50 (i.e., the portion shown in phantom in fig. 1), and a feed structure 60. The dielectric substrate 10 is covered with an upper surface metal layer 20 and a lower surface metal layer 30 at the upper surface and the lower surface, respectively. The metallized through hole array 40 is arranged on the dielectric substrate 10 in a designated direction, and penetrates through the dielectric substrate 10 to be opened to the upper surface metal layer 20 and the lower surface metal layer 30, so as to form a section of closed substrate integrated waveguide cavity. A rectangular slot 50 is etched in the upper surface metal layer 20. A feeding structure 60 is disposed on the dielectric substrate 10 and connected to a coaxial line 70 to receive an external signal and excite the wideband SIW slot antenna 1 to radiate outward. The metallized via array 40 is arranged in a rectangle surrounding the rectangular slot 50 and forming an angle with the long side of the rectangular slot 50. At this time, the rectangular slot is the main radiating structure of the antenna, and the electromagnetic wave is radiated from the slot. The working frequency of the antenna can be adjusted by adjusting the size and the inclined angle of the gap, so that a good matching effect is obtained. In fig. 1, the remaining area is the top metal layer 20, except for the rectangular slots 50 and the metallized via array shown in hatched lines.

In one or more embodiments of the present application, the feeding structure 60 may be a through structure that is rotated by the same axis SIW. With continuing reference to fig. 1 and 2, and with further reference to fig. 3, the feed structure 60 may be formed of metallized holes 62, etched patterns 64 (i.e., the portions shown in phantom in fig. 2), and a coaxial line 70. The metallized holes 62 extend through the dielectric substrate 10 and the upper surface metal layer 20 and the lower surface metal layer 30. An etch pattern 64 is etched out of the metallized holes 62 of the lower surface metal layer 30 to prevent shorting. The inner conductor of the coaxial line 70 is connected to the metallized hole 62. The outer conductor of the coaxial line 70 is connected to the lower surface metal layer 30. At this time, the entire wideband SIW slot antenna 1 radiates electromagnetic energy outward at any position except for the rectangular slot 50. Therefore, the stability of the antenna directional diagram is ensured, and semi-omnidirectional radiation is realized. Further, since the above structure almost eliminates interference to other parts in the circuit due to radiation and guided wave modes in the medium, it can be well integrated with a planar circuit. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the coaxial line 70 may be replaced with a coaxial joint.

Specifically, in an embodiment of the wideband SIW slot antenna for the X-band according to the present application, the dielectric substrate 10 may have a thickness of 2.3mm to 2.5mm, and the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate 10 may be 2.0 to 2.5. Referring to the dimensions identified in fig. 1 and 2, the metallized via array 40 is arranged to surround the rectangular slot 50 with a rectangular dimension L of 32.2mm and W of 17.5 mm. Wherein the hole radius of each metallized through hole is 0.3 mm. At this time, the size of the rectangular slit 50 may be 12.6mm × 3mm, and the distance from the geometric center thereof to the metallized holes on the left and right sides is equal and 0.27 × L from the metallized hole on the upper side. Accordingly, the coaxial feed port center is at a distance of 0.27 × L from the lower side metalized via.

According to the theory of the traditional metal waveguide slot array antenna, the inclined rectangular slot on the central line of the wide side of one waveguide is inductive, the inductance of the inclined rectangular slot is related to the inclination angle of the inclined rectangular slot, and the impedance of the antenna can be adjusted through adjusting the inclination angle, so that the effect of adjusting the impedance matching of the antenna is achieved. Specifically, based on the above-mentioned embodiment of the wideband SIW slot antenna for the X-band, two similar modes of the wideband SIW slot antenna can be excited by coaxially rotating the feeding structure 60 of the SIW and the above-mentioned oblique arrangement of the rectangular slot 50, so as to achieve the effect of expanding the impedance bandwidth of the antenna. Referring to fig. 4, which is a graph showing the reflection coefficient of the feeding port versus the operating frequency, it can be observed that when the size of the rectangular slot 50 is about one-half of the waveguide wavelength and the distance from the short-circuited surface of the SIW structure is about one-quarter of the waveguide wave, the broadband SIW slot antenna has two modes respectively at about 9.35GHz and 9.56GHz, and their respective impedance bandwidths are fused together to obtain a wider impedance bandwidth.

Referring to the gain pattern shown in fig. 5 in conjunction with fig. 1 and 2, it can be observed that the gain of the antenna is around 6dBi, and the patterns of the antenna at XOZ and YOZ are close and vary smoothly, indicating that the radiation pattern of the antenna is uniform and stable. Because the radiating element of the antenna is a rectangular slot, the slot faces to the + Z direction, and no slot or open slot exists in other directions, the energy is radiated out from the rectangular slot. As can be seen from the curve profile of fig. 5, the main energy of the antenna is in the + Z direction, and gradually decreases after deviating from the + Z direction, the backward radiation of the antenna is almost zero, and the front-to-back ratio of the antenna pattern exceeds 20 dB. This indicates that the radiation of the wideband SIW slot antenna is stable semi-omni-directional radiation.

It should be emphasized that many variations and modifications may be made to the embodiments described herein, the requirements of which are to be understood as acceptable examples. All such modifications and variations are intended to be included herein within the scope of this disclosure and protected by the following claims. Moreover, any of the steps described herein may be performed concurrently or in a different order than the order of the steps described herein. Moreover, as should be apparent, the features and attributes of the specific embodiments disclosed herein may be combined in different ways to form additional embodiments, all of which fall within the scope of the present disclosure.

Conditional language (such as, inter alia, "can," "e.g.," etc.) as used herein is generally intended to convey that certain embodiments include, while other embodiments do not include, certain features, elements and/or states unless specifically stated otherwise or otherwise understood in the context in which they are used. Thus, such conditional language is not generally intended to imply that features, elements, and/or states are in any way essential to one or more embodiments or that one or more embodiments necessarily include logic for deciding (with or without author input or prompting) whether these features, elements, and/or states are included in any particular embodiment or whether these features, elements, and/or states are to be performed in any particular embodiment.

Also, the following terms may be used herein. The singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, a reference to an item includes a reference to one or more items. The term "some" means one, two or more, and generally applies to some or all of a selected number. The term "plurality" refers to two or more items. The terms "about" or "approximately" mean that the quantity, dimensions, size, layout, parameters, shape, and other characteristics are not necessarily exact, but may be approximate and/or larger or smaller, as desired, reflecting acceptable tolerances, conversion factors, rounding off, measurement error and the like, and other factors known to those of skill in the art. The term "substantially" means that the recited feature, parameter, or value does not have to be achieved exactly, but may be offset or varied by amounts that do not preclude the effect that the characteristic is intended to provide, including: such as tolerances, measurement errors, measurement accuracy limitations, and other factors known to those skilled in the art.

Numerical data may be represented or presented herein in a range format. It is to be understood that such range format is used merely for convenience and brevity and, thus, such range format should be interpreted flexibly to include not only the numerical values recited as the limits of the range, but also to include all the individual numerical values or sub-ranges encompassed within that range as if each numerical value and sub-range is explicitly recited. By way of illustration, a numerical range of "about 1 to 5" should be interpreted to include not only the values explicitly recited in about 1 to about 5, but also to include individual values and sub-ranges within the indicated range. Accordingly, included within this numerical range are individual values such as 2, 3, and 4, and sub-ranges such as "about 1 to about 3", "about 2 to about 4", and "about 3 to about 5", "1 to 3", "2 to 4", "3 to 5", and the like. This principle applies equally to ranges reciting only one numerical value (e.g., "about greater than 1"), and should apply regardless of the breadth of the range or the characteristics being described. For convenience, multiple items may be presented in a common list. However, these lists should be construed as though each member of the list is individually identified as a separate and unique member. Thus, no individual member of such list should be construed as a de facto equivalent of any other member of the same list solely based on their presentation in a common group without indications to the contrary. Furthermore, when the terms "and" or "are used in conjunction with a list of items, the terms" and "or" should be interpreted broadly, as any one or more of the listed items may be used alone or in conjunction with other listed items. The term "alternatively" refers to the selection of one of two or more alternatives, but is not intended to limit the selection to only those listed alternatives or to only one of the listed alternatives at a time, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

While exemplary embodiments are described above, it is not intended that these embodiments describe all possible forms encompassed by the claims. The words used in the specification are words of description rather than limitation, and it is understood that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. As previously described, features of various embodiments may be combined to form exemplary aspects of the disclosure that may not be explicitly described or illustrated. While various embodiments may be described as providing advantages over or being preferred over other embodiments or prior art implementations with respect to one or more desired characteristics, those skilled in the art will recognize that one or more features or characteristics may be compromised to achieve overall system attributes desired for a particular application and implementation. These attributes may include, but are not limited to, cost, strength, durability, life cycle cost, marketability, appearance, packaging, size, serviceability, weight, manufacturability, ease of assembly, and the like. Accordingly, embodiments that do not describe as desirable one or more features as other embodiments or prior art embodiments are outside the scope of the present invention and may be desirable for particular applications.

Claims

1. A wideband SIW slot antenna (1) comprising:

a dielectric substrate (10) comprising an upper surface and a lower surface;

an upper surface metal layer (20) overlying the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (10);

a lower surface metal layer (30) covering at a lower surface of the dielectric substrate (10);

a metallized via array (40) arranged on the dielectric substrate (10) in a specified direction and penetrating through the dielectric substrate (10) to open to the upper surface metal layer (20) and the lower surface metal layer (30);

a rectangular slit (50) etched in the upper surface metal layer (20);

a feed structure (60) comprising:

an etching pattern (64) etched out of the metallized holes (62) of the lower surface metal layer (30);

metallized holes (62) extending through the dielectric substrate (10) and the upper surface metal layer (20) and separated from the lower surface metal layer (30) by the etched pattern (64); and

a coaxial wire or coaxial connector (70), wherein the inner conductor of the coaxial wire or coaxial connector (70) is connected to the metalized hole (62), and the outer conductor of the coaxial wire or coaxial connector (70) is connected to the lower surface metal layer (30) so as to receive an external signal and excite the broadband SIW slot antenna (1) to radiate outwards;

the metalized through hole array (40), the upper surface metal layer (20) and the lower surface metal layer (30) form a section of closed substrate integrated waveguide cavity, and the metalized through hole array (40) is arranged to form a rectangle surrounding the rectangular gap (50) and form an included angle with the long edge of the rectangular gap (50).

2. A broadband SIW slot antenna (1) according to claim 1, wherein said array of metallized through holes (40) has a uniform aperture and the distance between individual metallized through holes is at least twice the aperture.

3. A broadband SIW slot antenna (1) according to claim 1, wherein the angle between the long side of said rectangular slot (50) and the long side of the rectangle on which said metallized via array (40) is arranged is 50 °.

4. A wideband SIW slot antenna (1) according to claim 1, wherein the distance from the center of the rectangular slot (50) to the two long sides of the rectangle formed by the array of metallized through holes (40) is equal.