CN210155071U - Device for sampling and analyzing atmospheric pollutants in real time - Google Patents
Device for sampling and analyzing atmospheric pollutants in real time Download PDFInfo
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- CN210155071U CN210155071U CN201920928167.2U CN201920928167U CN210155071U CN 210155071 U CN210155071 U CN 210155071U CN 201920928167 U CN201920928167 U CN 201920928167U CN 210155071 U CN210155071 U CN 210155071U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a device of atmospheric pollutants real-time sampling analysis, the device includes: the device comprises a particulate matter online sampling unit, an environment gas component sampling unit, a soft ionization device and a mass spectrometer; the online particulate matter sampling unit comprises an atmosphere air inlet pipeline, a turntable assembly, a first air guide hose, an air pump, a membrane heating assembly, a first three-way valve and a nitrogen high-pressure bottle. The advantages are that: (1) the plasma is used for generating reactive ions with higher reactivity to react with the compound desorbed from the sampling membrane, so that the range of the analyzable sample of the device is enlarged, and the sensitivity of the method is improved. By passing the sample through the plasma generating device, the contact area and time of the sample and the plasma generating device are increased, and the efficiency is improved. (2) Through installing a plurality of particulate matter sampling membranes on the carousel, reduce and shut down the frequency of trading the membrane, improve sample collection efficiency, simplify the operating procedure. (3) The particulate matter sampling film is directly heated through the honeycomb window, and the thermal desorption efficiency of the particulate sample is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the atmosphere pollution detects, concretely relates to device of real-time sampling analysis of atmospheric pollutants.
Background
Chemical analysis of complex compounds in atmospheric pollutants requires powerful tools. The mass spectrum is a method for identifying the element composition of a compound by measuring the molecular weight of the compound and further analyzing the structure of the compound, has the characteristics of high sensitivity and universality, and is particularly suitable for analyzing atmospheric pollutants. For particulate pollutants, an off-line mass spectrometry based on membrane sampling is widely used, i.e., particulate matters are collected on a filter membrane for 12-24 hours, soluble matters are extracted by using a solvent, and then the soluble matters are subjected to complex pretreatment and finally analyzed by a chromatography-mass spectrometry combined method. Although this method can detect a variety of compounds with high sensitivity and accuracy, it has disadvantages such as loss of unstable or low-volatile components during sample collection and pretreatment, long analysis period, and complicated operation. Another approach is to use an online aerosol mass spectrometer to analyze compounds in particulate matter in real time. However, the existing aerosol mass spectrometer is equipped with an electron impact ion source or a laser ion source, which fragments organic molecules to form a plurality of ion peaks when they are ionized, so that the species and molecular composition of organic compounds can only be estimated from these fragments, and the molecular composition cannot be determined.
The chemical ionization source-mass spectrometer provided with the gas and aerosol film sampling device combines the advantages of offline film sampling and online mass spectrometry, can automatically switch between two modes of particulate film sampling and gas sampling, and realizes online detection of particulate matters and gaseous substances. It uses polytetrafluoroethylene sampling film to collect particles, and uses hot nitrogen gas to volatilize particle pollutant. The gaseous pollutants react with the reaction gas generated by the chemical ionization source to form ions, and then the ions are analyzed and detected by the mass spectrometer. The mass spectrometer performs an analysis of the gas sample while the particulate matter is collected. There are three main problems with this approach: although the chemical ionization source belongs to a soft ionization source and is helpful for identifying the species of the compound, the species of the sample which can be ionized is limited by the species of the used chemical reaction gas, the universality is not strong, and all pollutants cannot be ionized. And secondly, because the polytetrafluoroethylene sampling membrane is not resistant to high temperature, only granular pollutants with lower boiling points can be dissociated, and only one membrane is arranged in the device, so that analysis results at each time can be interfered with each other by repeated utilization in a short time. And thirdly, compounds in the sampling membrane are desorbed and diluted simultaneously through large-flow hot nitrogen, so that the sensitivity of the instrument is reduced.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The defect to prior art exists, the utility model provides an atmospheric pollutants real-time sampling analysis's device can effectively solve above-mentioned problem.
The utility model adopts the technical scheme as follows:
the utility model provides a device of atmospheric pollutants real-time sampling analysis, include: the device comprises a particulate matter online sampling unit (100), an ambient gas component sampling unit (200), a soft ionization device (300) and a mass spectrometer (400);
the online particulate matter sampling unit (100) comprises an atmospheric air inlet pipeline (101), a turntable assembly, a first air guide hose (102), an air pump (103), a membrane heating assembly (104), a first three-way valve (105) and a nitrogen high-pressure bottle (106); the turntable assembly comprises a fixed disc (107), a rotating disc (108), a sliding disc (109), a base (110), a sliding disc lifting device (111) and a rotating disc rotation driving device (112); the fixed disc (107), the rotating disc (108), the sliding disc (109) and the base (110) are coaxially assembled from top to bottom; the position of the fixed disc (107) is kept fixed, and both sides of the upper end surface of the fixed disc (107) are respectively provided with a 1 st joint (1A) and a 2 nd joint (2A) which are penetrated through; the rotating disc (108) can rotate under the drive of the rotating disc rotating drive device (112), and the height of the rotating disc (108) can be automatically adjusted finely under the action of an elastic piece; the rotating disc (108) is provided with a plurality of through holes (1081) along the circumference, and a particulate matter sampling film (1082) is arranged in each through hole (1081); both sides of the lower end surface of the sliding disc (109) are respectively provided with a 3 rd connector (3A) and a 4 th connector (4A) which are communicated; the 3 rd joint (3A) and the 1 st joint (1A) are coaxially arranged; the 4 th joint (4A) and the 2 nd joint (2A) are coaxially arranged; the sliding disc lifting device (111) is assembled in the base (110), the height of the sliding disc (109) can be changed under the action of the sliding disc lifting device (111), when the sliding disc (109) slides upwards, the fixed disc (107), the rotating disc (108) and the sliding disc (109) are tightly connected, the 3 rd joint (3A) and the 1 st joint (1A) are tightly connected, and the 4 th joint (4A) and the 2 nd joint (2A) are tightly connected; when the sliding disk (109) slides downwards, the rotating disk (108) can freely rotate;
the 1 st joint (1A) is hermetically connected with the atmosphere air inlet pipeline (101); the 3 rd joint (3A) is hermetically connected with the air suction pump (103) through the first air guide hose (102); the 4 th joint (4A) is connected to one end of the first three-way valve (105) through a second air guide hose (113), and the other two ends of the first three-way valve (105) are respectively connected with the nitrogen high-pressure bottle (106) and the environmental gas component sampling unit (200); wherein, the outlet end of the nitrogen high-pressure bottle (106) is provided with a second flow controller (1061); the ambient gas component sampling unit (200) is provided with a flow meter (201); the membrane heating assembly (104) is arranged in the 4 th joint (4A) and is used for heating the particulate matter sampling membrane (1082) right above the 4 th joint (4A);
the soft ionization device (300) comprises a reaction cavity (301) and a reaction ion generator; one end of the reaction cavity (301) is hermetically connected with an inlet of the mass spectrometer (400); the other end of the reaction cavity (301) is hermetically connected with the reaction ion generator; the reaction cavity (301) is also hermetically connected with the 2 nd connector (2A).
Preferably, the rotating disk rotation driving device (112) comprises a rotating disk rotating shaft (1121), a linear bearing (1122), an elastic coupling (1123) and a driving motor (1124);
the center of the lower end surface of the rotating disk (108) is integrally formed with the rotating disk rotating shaft (1121); the linear bearing (1122) is installed at the center position of the sliding disc (109); the elastic coupling (1123) is arranged at the center of the base (110); the rotating disk rotating shaft (1121) is assembled to one end of the elastic coupling (1123) after penetrating through the linear bearing (1122) in a matching manner, the other end of the elastic coupling (1123) is connected with the driving motor (1124), and the rotating disk (108) is driven to rotate through the driving motor (1124); at the same time, the height of the rotating disc (108) can be finely adjusted due to the adoption of the elastic coupling (1123).
Preferably, the sliding disc lifting device (111) comprises an electromagnet (1111) and a spring (1112);
the base (110) is provided with a plurality of electromagnet mounting grooves (1101) along the circumferential direction, and the electromagnet (1111) and the spring (1112) are mounted inside each electromagnet mounting groove (1101); one end of the spring (1112) is fixed with the electromagnet installation groove (1101), the other end of the spring (1112) is fixed with the sliding disc (109), and the spring (1112) applies upward movement thrust to the sliding disc (109); when the electromagnet (1111) is energized, a downward suction force is applied to the sliding disk (109) by the electromagnet (1111).
Preferably, the film heating assembly (104) comprises a honeycomb window (1041), a heating ring (1042) and a wire (1043);
the heating ring (1042) is arranged inside the 4 th joint (4A), and the honeycomb window (1041) is arranged on the inner ring of the heating ring (1042); a wire hole for the wire (1043) to pass through is formed in the side surface of the 4 th connector (4A), one end of the wire (1043) is connected with the heating ring (1042), and the other end of the wire (1043) penetrates through the wire hole in a sealing mode and extends to the outside.
Preferably, the reactive ion generator is a reaction device capable of generating reactive ions.
Preferably, the reactive ion generator is a plasma generator.
Preferably, the reactive ion generator comprises an insulating tube (302), a second three-way valve (303), a first annular electrode (304), a second annular electrode (305) and a discharge gas bomb (306);
one end of the insulating tube (302) is hermetically connected with the reaction cavity (301); the other end of the insulating pipe (302) is hermetically connected with one port of the second three-way valve (303); the other two ports of the second three-way valve (303) are hermetically connected with the discharge gas high-pressure bottle (306) and the 2 nd connector (2A) respectively; installing a first flow controller (3061) at the exhaust end of the discharge gas bomb (306);
the first annular electrode (304) and the second annular electrode (305) are sleeved outside the insulating tube (302) at a distance.
Preferably, the particulate matter sampling membrane (1082) is a quartz sampling membrane.
The utility model provides a device of real-time sampling analysis of atmospheric pollutants has following advantage:
(1) the plasma is used for generating reactive ions with higher reactivity to react with the compound desorbed from the sampling membrane, so that the range of the analyzable sample of the device is enlarged, and the sensitivity of the method is improved. By passing the sample through the plasma generating device, the contact area and time of the sample and the plasma generating device are improved, and the ionization reaction efficiency of the sample is improved.
(2) The motor-driven rotary table film sampling device which is newly designed is utilized to separate aerosol particles from gaseous substances in the air, and a plurality of particle sampling films are arranged on the rotary table, so that the frequency of stopping the machine and changing the films is reduced, the sample collection efficiency is improved, and the operation steps are simplified.
(3) The particulate matter sampling membrane is directly heated through the honeycomb window, the thermal desorption efficiency of the particulate sample is improved, high-temperature-resistant filter membranes such as quartz sampling membranes can be used, compounds with higher boiling points can be analyzed, and the application range of assembly sampling and analysis is enlarged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of an apparatus for real-time sampling and analyzing atmospheric pollutants provided by the present invention;
fig. 2 is a perspective view of the device for real-time sampling and analyzing atmospheric pollutants provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a turntable assembly provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 is a partial sectional view of the turntable assembly according to the present invention after the base is hidden;
fig. 5 is an exploded view of the device for real-time sampling and analyzing atmospheric pollutants provided by the present invention;
fig. 6 is an assembly diagram of the rotary disk rotation driving device according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a perspective view of the base provided by the present invention;
fig. 8 is a perspective view of the film heating assembly provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problem, technical solution and advantageous effects solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the following description is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments to further explain the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.
The utility model provides a device of atmospheric pollutants real-time sampling analysis is applied to fields such as atmospheric pollution detection, can be used to collect and carry out online analysis with the particle state in the air and gaseous pollutant in real time. The utility model discloses a film sampling equipment of motor drive carousel combines with the plasma ionization source, has the characteristics that degree of automation is high, easy operation and commonality are strong, combines with the mass spectrum to carry out the qualitative and quantitative analysis of material in samples such as aerosol and volatile organic matter.
The utility model provides a device of atmospheric pollutants real-time sampling analysis divides from the function, and this real-time sampling and online analytical equipment can be divided into particulate matter on-line collection and analytical element and environmental gas material on-line collection and analytical element. Structurally, with reference to the accompanying figures 1-8, it comprises: the online particle sampling unit 100, the ambient gas component sampling unit 200, the soft ionization device 300, and the mass spectrometer 400. The following details each part:
particulate matter on-line sampling unit 100 and environmental gas component sampling unit 200
The online particulate matter sampling unit 100 comprises an atmospheric air inlet pipeline 101, a turntable assembly, a first air guide hose 102, an air pump 103, a membrane heating assembly 104, a first three-way valve 105 and a nitrogen high-pressure bottle 106;
wherein, the turntable assembly comprises a fixed disc 107, a rotating disc 108, a sliding disc 109, a base 110, a sliding disc lifting device 111 and a rotating disc rotation driving device 112; the fixed disk 107, the rotating disk 108, the sliding disk 109 and the base 110 are coaxially assembled from top to bottom.
(1) Fixed disk 107
The position of the fixed disc 107 is kept fixed, and a 1 st joint 1A and a 2 nd joint 2A which are penetrated are respectively arranged on two sides of the upper end surface of the fixed disc 107; the 1 st joint 1A and the 2 nd joint 2A are both hollow cylinders.
(2) Rotating disk 108
The rotating disc 108 can rotate under the drive of the rotating disc rotating drive device 112, and the height of the rotating disc 108 can be automatically adjusted finely under the action of the elastic element;
in a specific implementation, the rotating disk rotation driving device 112 includes a rotating disk rotating shaft 1121, a linear bearing 1122, an elastic coupling 1123, and a driving motor 1124;
a rotating disc rotating shaft 1121 is integrally formed at the center of the lower end surface of the rotating disc 108; the rotating disk rotating shaft 1121 and the rotating disk 108 are coaxially arranged; a unthreaded hole cylinder is arranged in the center of the sliding disc 109, and the unthreaded hole cylinder and the sliding disc 109 are coaxially arranged; a linear bearing 1122 is arranged inside the unthreaded hole cylinder; an elastic coupling 1123 is arranged at the center of the base 110; the rotating disk rotating shaft 1121 is assembled to one end of the elastic coupling 1123 after penetrating through the linear bearing 1122 in a matching manner, the other end of the elastic coupling 1123 is connected with the driving motor 1124, and the rotating disk 108 is driven to rotate through the driving motor 1124; meanwhile, the height of the rotating disc 108 can be finely adjusted due to the adoption of the elastic coupling 1123.
The rotating disc 108 is provided with a plurality of through holes 1081 along the circumference, the through holes 1081 are stepped circular holes, and a particulate matter sampling film 1082 is arranged in each through hole 1081; the particulate matter sampling film 1082 is a quartz sampling film.
(3) Sliding disc 109
Both sides of the lower end surface of the sliding disc 109 are respectively provided with a 3 rd connector 3A and a 4 th connector 4A which are communicated; the 3 rd joint 3A and the 4 th joint 4A are both hollow cylinders. The 3 rd joint 3A and the 1 st joint 1A are coaxially arranged; the 4 th joint 4A and the 2 nd joint 2A are coaxially arranged;
the sliding disc lifting device 111 is assembled in the base 110, the height of the sliding disc 109 can be changed under the action of the sliding disc lifting device 111, when the sliding disc 109 slides upwards, the tight connection among the fixed disc 107, the rotating disc 108 and the sliding disc 109 is realized, and further the tight connection between the 3 rd joint 3A and the 1 st joint 1A and the tight connection between the 4 th joint 4A and the 2 nd joint 2A are realized; when the sliding disk 109 slides downwards, the rotating disk 108 can rotate freely;
(4) base 110 and slide disk lifting device 111
In a specific implementation, the sliding disk lifting device 111 includes an electromagnet 1111 and a spring 1112;
the base 110 is provided with a plurality of electromagnet mounting grooves 1101 along the circumferential direction, in the drawing, 3 electromagnet mounting grooves 1101 are arranged, and an electromagnet 1111 and a spring 1112 are mounted inside each electromagnet mounting groove 1101; one end of a spring 1112 is fixed with the electromagnet installation groove 1101, the other end of the spring 1112 is fixed with the sliding disc 109, and the spring 1112 applies upward movement thrust to the sliding disc 109; when the electromagnet 1111 is energized, a downward suction force is applied to the slide disk 109 by the electromagnet 1111. The lead of the electromagnet 1111 is led out from the side wall lead hole.
(5) Joint assembling relation and film heating assembly
The 1 st joint 1A is hermetically connected with an atmospheric air inlet pipeline 101; the 3 rd joint 3A is hermetically connected with an air suction pump 103 through a first air guide hose 102;
the 4 th joint 4A is connected to one end of the first three-way valve 105 through a second air guide hose 113, and the other two ends of the first three-way valve 105 are respectively connected with the nitrogen bomb 106 and the ambient gas component sampling unit 200; wherein, the nitrogen high-pressure bottle 106 is a high-purity nitrogen source and is a high-pressure steel bottle filled with nitrogen, and the outlet end of the nitrogen high-pressure bottle 106 is provided with a second flow controller 1061; the environmental gas component sampling unit 200 is connected with the environmental atmosphere, and a flowmeter 201 is arranged in the environmental gas component sampling unit 200; the film heating assembly 104 is arranged in the 4 th joint 4A and is used for heating the particulate matter sampling film 1082 right above the 4 th joint 4A;
in a specific implementation, the film heating assembly 104 includes a honeycomb window 1041, a heating ring 1042, and a wire 1043;
a heating ring 1042 is arranged in the 4 th joint 4A, and a honeycomb window 1041 is arranged on the inner ring of the heating ring 1042; the side surface of the 4 th contact 4A is provided with a wire hole for a wire 1043 to pass through, one end of the wire 1043 is connected to the heating ring 1042, and the other end of the wire 1043 passes through the wire hole in a sealing manner and extends to the outside.
(II) Soft ionization device 300 and Mass spectrometer 400
The soft ionization device 300 comprises a reaction chamber 301 and a reaction ion generator; the reaction cavity is made of metal, and one end of the reaction cavity 301 is hermetically connected with an inlet of the mass spectrometer 400; the other end of the reaction cavity 301 is hermetically connected with a reaction ion generator; the reaction chamber 301 is also connected to the 2 nd connector 2A in a sealed manner.
The reactive ion generator is a reaction device capable of generating reactive ions. The reactive ion generator is preferably a plasma generator. The reactive ion generator includes an insulating tube 302, a second three-way valve 303, a first ring electrode 304, a second ring electrode 305, and a discharge gas bomb 306;
one end of the insulating tube 302 is hermetically connected with the reaction chamber 301; the other end of the insulating tube 302 is hermetically connected with one port of the second three-way valve 303; the other two ports of the second three-way valve 303 are hermetically connected with the discharge gas high-pressure bottle 306 and the 2 nd connector 2A respectively; a first flow controller 3061 is installed at the exhaust end of the discharge gas bomb 306;
a first ring electrode 304 and a second ring electrode 305 are disposed at a distance from each other outside the insulating tube 302. The insulating tube 302 is disposed coaxially opposite the 2 nd contact 2A.
The mass spectrometer 400 can be any kind of atmospheric pressure interface mass spectrometer, and a sample inlet thereof is hermetically connected with a reaction cavity of the soft ionization device.
The utility model also provides a real-time sampling analysis method of using the device of the real-time sampling analysis of atmospheric pollutants, including following step:
step 1, the real-time online sampling and analyzing process of the particle pollutants comprises the following steps:
step 1.1, when real-time online sampling and analysis of particle pollutants are required, adjusting a first three-way valve 105 to enable a nitrogen high-pressure bottle 106 to be communicated with a 4 th connector 4A through a second air guide hose 113;
step 1.2, the electromagnet 1111 is not electrified, and at the moment, the sliding disc 109 is pushed to move upwards under the action of the elastic force of the spring 1112; when the sliding disc 109 moves upwards, the sliding disc 109 pushes the rotating disc 108 to slightly move upwards together due to the action of the elastic coupling 1123, so that the rotating disc 108 is clamped by the sliding disc 109 and the fixed disc 107, and at the moment, the 3 rd joint 3A and the 1 st joint 1A are in sealed connection;
step 1.3, starting the air pump 103, and introducing air into the 1 st joint 1A from the atmospheric air inlet pipeline 101 under the action of the air pump 103; because the particle sampling film 1082 is arranged in the 1 st connector 1A, when air passes through the particle sampling film 1082, particulate pollutants are intercepted by the particle sampling film 1082;
step 1.4, after the particulate pollutants are collected for a certain time, the electromagnet 1111 is electrified, and under the action of the suction force of the electromagnet 1111, the sliding disc 109 overcomes the elastic force of the spring 1112 and moves downwards; when the sliding disk 109 moves downwards, because a gap exists between the sliding disk 109 and the rotating disk 108, the rotating disk 108 slightly moves downwards under the action of the gravity of the rotating disk 108 and the pulling force of the elastic coupling 1123, so that a gap exists between the rotating disk 108 and the sliding disk 109 and between the rotating disk 108 and the fixed disk 107, and the rotating disk 108 can rotate;
then, the driving motor 1124 is started, and the driving motor 1124 drives the rotating disc 108 to rotate by a specific angle, so that the particulate matter sampling membrane 1082 which adsorbs the particulate pollutants at this time rotates to a position right above the 4 th joint 4A;
step 1.5, after the rotating disc 108 rotates in place, the electromagnet 1111 is powered off, the sliding disc 109 moves upwards under the action of the elastic force of the spring 1112, the rotating disc 108 slightly moves upwards, the rotating disc 108 is clamped by the sliding disc 109 and the fixed disc 107, and at the moment, the 4 th joint 4A and the 2 nd joint 2A are hermetically connected;
in the steps 1.2 to 1.5, the principle of the electromagnet control logic is as follows: in the process of sampling the particulate matter sampling membrane, the 1 st joint 1A and the 3 rd joint 3A need to be ensured to be hermetically connected, and the phenomenon of air leakage cannot occur, so that in the step 1.1 to the step 1.3, the electromagnet 1111 needs not to be electrified, and the effect that the rotating disc 108 is clamped by the sliding disc 109 and the fixed disc 107 is realized through the elasticity of the spring 1112;
then, after sampling of the particulate matter sampling film is finished, since the rotating disc 108 needs to rotate to the position below the film heating assembly for heating, the rotating disc 108 needs to rotate freely by an angle, and therefore, two technical means are adopted here to realize: 1. the electromagnet 1111 is electrified, so that the sliding disc 109 moves downwards under the action of the suction force; 2. the rotating disc 108 slightly moves downwards under the action of gravity and the pulling force of the elastic coupling 1123, so that the rotating disc 108 can rotate. Since here the time required for the rotating disc 108 to rotate into position is very short, the gas sealing performance is not affected.
When the rotating disc 108 rotates to the right position, the electromagnet 1111 is not electrified, the effect that the rotating disc 108 is clamped by the sliding disc 109 and the fixed disc 107 is realized through the elasticity of the spring 1112, and the effect of the airtight connection of the 4 th connector 4A and the 2 nd connector 2A is further realized.
Step 1.6, preparing reactive ions and preparing a gaseous sample simultaneously, wherein the particulate matter sampling membrane (1082) is heated, so that the particulate pollutants adsorbed on the particulate matter sampling membrane 1082 are volatilized into the gaseous sample and enter the reaction cavity 301; through the preparation of the reactive ions, the reactive ions with high reactivity are generated and enter the reaction cavity 301;
in step 1.6, preparation of a gaseous sample comprises:
the film heating assembly 104 is started, the heating ring 1042 is powered on through the lead 1043, so that the temperature of the honeycomb window 1041 is gradually increased, the particulate matter sampling film 1082 right above the honeycomb window 1041 is heated, and the particulate pollutants adsorbed on the particulate matter sampling film 1082 are desorbed due to heating and volatilize into gas-phase pollutants; meanwhile, nitrogen in the nitrogen high-pressure bottle 106 enters the 4 th joint 4A through the first three-way valve 105 and passes through the particulate matter sampling membrane 1082, so that desorbed gas-phase pollutants are carried into the reaction chamber 301; the sampling filter membrane can be made of quartz and can resist temperature of at least 600 ℃.
In step 1.6, the preparation of reactive ions comprises:
the discharge gas stored in the discharge gas bomb 306 flows from the discharge gas bomb 306 into the second three-way valve 303 and further into the insulating tube 302, and the flow rate is controlled by the first flow controller 3061;
applying high frequency and high voltage to the first ring electrode 304 and the second ring electrode 305, wherein the frequency and voltage are related to the material of the insulating tube, the inner diameter and the outer diameter, the distance between the two electrodes, the type of discharge gas and the like; the discharge gas is ionized by the voltage to form a plasma, which contains a plurality of reactive ions and molecules with high reactivity, and enters the reaction chamber 301.
Step 1.7, reacting the gaseous sample entering the reaction cavity 301 with the high-reactivity reactive ions in the reaction cavity 301 to generate an ionized sample, and entering the mass spectrometer 400 for analysis and detection;
step 2, the real-time online sampling and analyzing process of the gas substances in the ambient atmosphere comprises the following steps:
step 2.1, when the particulate matter sampling membrane 1082 no longer releases the compound, switching the first three-way valve 105 to communicate the ambient gas component sampling unit 200 with the 4 th connector 4A through the second gas guide hose 113;
and 2.2, under the action of low air pressure in an inlet of the mass spectrometer 400, ambient air flows into the 4 th joint 4A through the ambient air component sampling unit 200, and the 4 th joint 4A is provided with a particulate matter sampling film 1082, so that particulate matters in the ambient air are intercepted by the particulate matter sampling film 1082, gaseous components in the ambient air enter the reaction chamber 301 through the 2 nd joint 2A and react with high-reactivity reaction ions in the reaction chamber 301 to generate an ionized sample, and the ionized sample enters the mass spectrometer 400 to be analyzed and detected.
The utility model provides a device and method of atmospheric pollutants real-time sampling analysis has following advantage:
(1) the plasma is used for generating reactive ions with higher reactivity to react with the compound desorbed from the sampling membrane, so that the range of the analyzable sample of the device is enlarged, and the sensitivity of the method is improved. By passing the sample through the plasma generating device, the contact area and time of the sample and the plasma generating device are improved, and the ionization reaction efficiency of the sample is improved.
(2) The motor-driven rotary table film sampling device which is newly designed is utilized to separate aerosol particles from gaseous substances in the air, and a plurality of particle sampling films are arranged on the rotary table, so that the frequency of stopping the machine and changing the films is reduced, the sample collection efficiency is improved, and the operation steps are simplified.
(3) The particulate matter sampling membrane is directly heated through the honeycomb window, the thermal desorption efficiency of the particulate sample is improved, high-temperature-resistant filter membranes such as quartz sampling membranes can be used, compounds with higher boiling points can be analyzed, and the application range of assembly sampling and analysis is enlarged.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of improvements and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and decorations should also be viewed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An apparatus for real-time sampling and analyzing atmospheric pollutants, comprising: the device comprises a particulate matter online sampling unit (100), an ambient gas component sampling unit (200), a soft ionization device (300) and a mass spectrometer (400);
the online particulate matter sampling unit (100) comprises an atmospheric air inlet pipeline (101), a turntable assembly, a first air guide hose (102), an air pump (103), a membrane heating assembly (104), a first three-way valve (105) and a nitrogen high-pressure bottle (106); the turntable assembly comprises a fixed disc (107), a rotating disc (108), a sliding disc (109), a base (110), a sliding disc lifting device (111) and a rotating disc rotation driving device (112); the fixed disc (107), the rotating disc (108), the sliding disc (109) and the base (110) are coaxially assembled from top to bottom; the position of the fixed disc (107) is kept fixed, and both sides of the upper end surface of the fixed disc (107) are respectively provided with a 1 st joint (1A) and a 2 nd joint (2A) which are penetrated through; the rotating disc (108) can rotate under the drive of the rotating disc rotating drive device (112), and the height of the rotating disc (108) can be automatically adjusted finely under the action of an elastic piece; the rotating disc (108) is provided with a plurality of through holes (1081) along the circumference, and a particulate matter sampling film (1082) is arranged in each through hole (1081); both sides of the lower end surface of the sliding disc (109) are respectively provided with a 3 rd connector (3A) and a 4 th connector (4A) which are communicated; the 3 rd joint (3A) and the 1 st joint (1A) are coaxially arranged; the 4 th joint (4A) and the 2 nd joint (2A) are coaxially arranged; the sliding disc lifting device (111) is assembled in the base (110), the height of the sliding disc (109) can be changed under the action of the sliding disc lifting device (111), when the sliding disc (109) slides upwards, the fixed disc (107), the rotating disc (108) and the sliding disc (109) are tightly connected, the 3 rd joint (3A) and the 1 st joint (1A) are tightly connected, and the 4 th joint (4A) and the 2 nd joint (2A) are tightly connected; when the sliding disk (109) slides downwards, the rotating disk (108) can freely rotate;
the 1 st joint (1A) is hermetically connected with the atmosphere air inlet pipeline (101); the 3 rd joint (3A) is hermetically connected with the air suction pump (103) through the first air guide hose (102); the 4 th joint (4A) is connected to one end of the first three-way valve (105) through a second air guide hose (113), and the other two ends of the first three-way valve (105) are respectively connected with the nitrogen high-pressure bottle (106) and the environmental gas component sampling unit (200); wherein, the outlet end of the nitrogen high-pressure bottle (106) is provided with a second flow controller (1061); the ambient gas component sampling unit (200) is provided with a flow meter (201); the membrane heating assembly (104) is arranged in the 4 th joint (4A) and is used for heating the particulate matter sampling membrane (1082) right above the 4 th joint (4A);
the soft ionization device (300) comprises a reaction cavity (301) and a reaction ion generator; one end of the reaction cavity (301) is hermetically connected with an inlet of the mass spectrometer (400); the other end of the reaction cavity (301) is hermetically connected with the reaction ion generator; the reaction cavity (301) is also hermetically connected with the 2 nd connector (2A).
2. The device for sampling and analyzing the atmospheric pollutants in real time as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotating disc rotary driving device (112) comprises a rotating disc rotating shaft (1121), a linear bearing (1122), an elastic coupling (1123) and a driving motor (1124);
the center of the lower end surface of the rotating disk (108) is integrally formed with the rotating disk rotating shaft (1121); the linear bearing (1122) is installed at the center position of the sliding disc (109); the elastic coupling (1123) is arranged at the center of the base (110); the rotating disk rotating shaft (1121) is assembled to one end of the elastic coupling (1123) after penetrating through the linear bearing (1122) in a matching manner, the other end of the elastic coupling (1123) is connected with the driving motor (1124), and the rotating disk (108) is driven to rotate through the driving motor (1124); at the same time, the height of the rotating disc (108) can be finely adjusted due to the adoption of the elastic coupling (1123).
3. The device for sampling and analyzing the atmospheric pollutants in real time as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sliding disk lifting device (111) comprises an electromagnet (1111) and a spring (1112);
the base (110) is provided with a plurality of electromagnet mounting grooves (1101) along the circumferential direction, and the electromagnet (1111) and the spring (1112) are mounted inside each electromagnet mounting groove (1101); one end of the spring (1112) is fixed with the electromagnet installation groove (1101), the other end of the spring (1112) is fixed with the sliding disc (109), and the spring (1112) applies upward movement thrust to the sliding disc (109); when the electromagnet (1111) is energized, a downward suction force is applied to the sliding disk (109) by the electromagnet (1111).
4. The device for real-time sampling analysis of atmospheric pollutants according to claim 1, wherein the film heating assembly (104) comprises a honeycomb window (1041), a heating ring (1042) and a wire (1043);
the heating ring (1042) is arranged inside the 4 th joint (4A), and the honeycomb window (1041) is arranged on the inner ring of the heating ring (1042); a wire hole for the wire (1043) to pass through is formed in the side surface of the 4 th connector (4A), one end of the wire (1043) is connected with the heating ring (1042), and the other end of the wire (1043) penetrates through the wire hole in a sealing mode and extends to the outside.
5. The device for sampling and analyzing the atmospheric pollutants in real time as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reactive ion generator is a reaction device capable of generating reactive ions.
6. The device for sampling and analyzing the atmospheric pollutants in real time according to claim 5, wherein the reactive ion generator is a plasma generator.
7. The device for sampling and analyzing the atmospheric pollutants in real time according to claim 6, wherein the reactive ion generator comprises an insulating tube (302), a second three-way valve (303), a first annular electrode (304), a second annular electrode (305) and a discharge gas high-pressure bottle (306);
one end of the insulating tube (302) is hermetically connected with the reaction cavity (301); the other end of the insulating pipe (302) is hermetically connected with one port of the second three-way valve (303); the other two ports of the second three-way valve (303) are hermetically connected with the discharge gas high-pressure bottle (306) and the 2 nd connector (2A) respectively; installing a first flow controller (3061) at the exhaust end of the discharge gas bomb (306);
the first annular electrode (304) and the second annular electrode (305) are sleeved outside the insulating tube (302) at a distance.
8. The device for real-time sampling and analysis of atmospheric pollutants according to claim 1, wherein the particulate matter sampling film (1082) is a quartz sampling film.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920928167.2U CN210155071U (en) | 2019-06-20 | 2019-06-20 | Device for sampling and analyzing atmospheric pollutants in real time |
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| CN201920928167.2U CN210155071U (en) | 2019-06-20 | 2019-06-20 | Device for sampling and analyzing atmospheric pollutants in real time |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110186998A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-08-30 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 | The device and method of atmosphere pollution real-time sampling analysis |
| CN112577781A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-30 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Thermal analysis device for aerosol sampling of linear conversion adsorption sheet |
| CN115161188A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2022-10-11 | 至美时代生物智能科技(北京)有限公司 | Air microorganism detection system and method |
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2019
- 2019-06-20 CN CN201920928167.2U patent/CN210155071U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110186998A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-08-30 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 | The device and method of atmosphere pollution real-time sampling analysis |
| CN110186998B (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2023-11-28 | 中国科学院大气物理研究所 | Device and method for real-time sampling and analyzing of atmospheric pollutants |
| CN112577781A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-30 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Thermal analysis device for aerosol sampling of linear conversion adsorption sheet |
| CN115161188A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2022-10-11 | 至美时代生物智能科技(北京)有限公司 | Air microorganism detection system and method |
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