CN210154968U

CN210154968U - Combined type friction wear testing machine based on flexible hinge

Info

Publication number: CN210154968U
Application number: CN201920949729.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李成; 何涛; 王传礼; 陈国瑜; 李金苗; 张文标; 骆元庆; 季晨光
Original assignee: Anhui University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Anhui University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2019-06-24
Filing date: 2019-06-24
Publication date: 2020-03-17
Anticipated expiration: 2029-06-24

Abstract

The utility model discloses a combined type friction wear testing machine based on flexible hinge, including first motor, the second motor, the third motor, the cylinder cam, first gear, the second gear, lower test piece axle, stud, the weight, the loading lead screw, the round pin axle, flexible hinge, go up the test piece, first sliding gear, jackshaft and second sliding gear, first motor drives cylinder cam drive and makes down the test piece axle be linear motion, it loads through stud and weight to go up the test piece, adopt flexible hinge and foil gage to turn into electric signal measurement frictional force with deformation, sliding gear realizes the switching of rotatory friction mode, test piece axle and terminal surface axle friction under the round pin axle is fixed, adopt the lead screw to pass the normal pressure of action terminal surface friction loading, and be provided with the loading power and the frictional force of pressure sensor measurement terminal surface. The beneficial effects of the utility model are that can realize the switching of rotatory, reciprocal and three kinds of friction modes of terminal surface, simple structure, low cost, practicality are strong.

Description

Combined type friction wear testing machine based on flexible hinge

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a friction test machine, concretely relates to combined type friction wear testing machine based on flexible hinge.

Background

The friction and wear exist in most mechanical equipment, a large amount of resources are wasted due to the fact that a lubricating mode is not proper or the research on the tribology mechanism is not thorough, the production efficiency is greatly reduced, the testing machine is indispensable equipment for researching the influence of the performance and the environment of a friction material on the friction and wear, the friction mechanism of different friction pairs and the like, the testing machine on the market is high in price, large in size and single in function, and therefore the prior art needs to be further improved.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the problems of the above-mentioned testing machine, it is necessary to provide a composite friction and wear testing machine based on a flexible hinge, which works according to the following principle: the gear motor drives the cylindrical cam to drive, so that the lower test piece shaft and the upper test piece are in semi-cylindrical pair reciprocating friction motion, the upper test piece and the flexible hinge are connected through the double-end stud, the upper test piece is loaded through the loading weight, and the deformation of the flexible hinge is converted into an electric signal through the strain gauge to measure the reciprocating friction force. The switching of the rotating friction mode is realized by means of a detachable cylindrical cam transmission and sliding gear set, and the loading mode is the same as the reciprocating mode. Meanwhile, an end face friction shaft and a lower test piece shaft are arranged to perform end face friction, loading is performed in an end face friction mode through screw transmission, and two pressure sensors are arranged and used for measuring loading force and friction torque of the end face friction.

In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model discloses the technical scheme who takes is:

the utility model provides a combined type friction wear test machine based on flexible hinge which characterized in that: comprises a reciprocating friction component, a rotating friction component and an end face friction component;

the reciprocating friction assembly comprises a first motor, a cylindrical cam, a follow-up roller, a sliding rod, a disc, a lower test piece shaft, a support, a flexible hinge, a first mandrel, an upper test piece, a workbench, a second mandrel and a loading weight, wherein the motor spindle of the first motor is in flat key connection with the cylindrical cam, the cylindrical cam is in transmission connection with the follow-up roller through a groove-shaped geometric profile, a through hole is formed in the center of the disc and is in interference fit connection with the lower test piece shaft, the upper test piece is supported above the lower test piece shaft and is mutually attached to the lower test piece shaft through a semi-cylindrical surface, the upper end of the upper test piece is in spiral connection with one end of a stud, the other end of the stud is in spiral connection with an inner threaded hole of the flexible hinge, the loading weight is arranged above the flexible hinge and is pressed on the upper surface of the flexible hinge, and two ends of the flexible hinge are supported in the through holes of two side sliding blocks through the first mandrel and the, the support is provided with a guide rail track in the vertical direction, the sliding block is connected with a guide rail track moving pair, the lower part of the support is provided with a spring hole, one end of the spring is arranged in the spring hole, and the other end of the spring is sleeved on a short limit shaft at the lower part of the sliding block;

the rotary friction component comprises a first gear, a second gear, a first sliding gear, an intermediate shaft and a second sliding gear, the first gear is connected to the end of the cylindrical cam extending shaft in a flat mode, the second gear is connected to the right shaft end of the lower test piece shaft in a flat mode, a sliding key groove with a certain length is formed in the intermediate shaft, the first sliding gear is in interference fit with a sliding key II, the second sliding gear is in interference fit with the sliding key I, the sliding key I and the sliding key II are connected with a sliding key groove moving pair, a positioning flat key is arranged between the sliding key I and the sliding key II, two ends of the positioning flat key can be attached to one end face of the sliding key I and one end face of the sliding key II respectively, the first sliding gear slides to the rightmost end of the key groove and can just be in meshed transmission with the first gear, and the second sliding gear slides to the leftmost end of the key groove and can just be in meshed transmission with the second gear.

The end face friction assembly comprises a pin shaft, a second motor, a third motor and a push rod, a motor shaft flat key of the second motor is connected with a rotating shaft, a fourth gear is connected to the rotating shaft in an interference mode, the fourth gear is in meshed transmission with the third gear installed on the end face friction shaft, the third motor is connected with a loading screw rod through a coupler, an inner threaded hole II is formed in the middle of the push rod, sliding grooves II are formed in the bottoms of two sides of the push rod, the push rod forms spiral transmission with the loading screw rod 44 through the inner threaded hole II, the push rod is connected with a limiting guide rail moving pair through the sliding grooves II of the two sides, the limiting guide rail moving pair is connected with a sliding seat, the sliding seat is provided with a through hole, and the pin shaft penetrates through holes in the.

As an optimal technical scheme of the utility model, follow-up roller and slide bar rigid connection, slide bar and square nut rigid connection, both ends fixed mounting is in the inside of disc about the lead screw, only can do the rotation of dead axle, the overhanging part of lead screw has square nut and lock nut from inside to outside screwed connection in proper order, follow-up roller, slide bar, square nut and the equal longitudinal symmetry of lock nut arrange two.

As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, two ends of the lower test piece shaft are supported on the bearing seats through linear bearings, two ends of the intermediate shaft are supported on the rolling bearing seats through rolling bearings, two ends of the end face friction shaft are supported on the rolling bearing seats through rolling bearings, the loading screw is supported on the screw seat to rotate in a fixed axis manner, and the linear bearing seats are fixed on the workbench; the rolling bearing is fixed on the workbench through a rolling bearing seat; the first motor is fixed on the workbench through a first motor base, the second motor is fixed on the workbench through a second motor base, and the third motor is fixed on the workbench through a third motor base; the support, the loading screw rod seat and the limiting guide rail are all fixed on the workbench through bolts, and four corners of the workbench are connected with support legs through bolts.

As an optimal technical scheme of the utility model, flexible hinge comprises both ends rigidity board, middle rigidity board place and the flexbile plate that links to each other with two rigidity boards, the through-hole that has the horizontal direction is opened to the both ends rigidity board and first dabber and second dabber swivelling joint, the thickness of flexbile plate is far less than the rigidity board, and receives the power of horizontal direction to have elastic deformation's ability, the vertical direction in flexible hinge center is opened there is internal thread hole I and stud threaded connection, the foil gage has all been posted to the both sides of flexbile plate.

As the utility model discloses an optimized technical scheme, the outside at the friction position of going up test piece and lower test piece axle is provided with temperature sensor, lower test piece axle and disc junction are provided with speedtransmitter, temperature sensor and speedtransmitter are all fixed on the workstation.

As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, the sliding block comprises upper end cover and lower pedestal to through the screw connection upper and lower part, pedestal is inside to install first pressure sensor and second pressure sensor through the shoulder hole down, first pressure sensor and second pressure sensor's extension line intersects in the axis in wiring hole, the sliding block bottom is opened there is sliding groove I to remove vice the being connected with spacing guide rail, first pressure sensor installs at the ascending inslot of vertical side, just the round pin axle is pressed on first pressure sensor for the pressure of measuring the round pin axle transmission, second pressure sensor installs at the ascending inslot of horizontal direction, and installs on the central line of push rod, is used for measuring the pressure of push rod.

As an optimal technical scheme of the utility model, the terminal surface friction axle is arranged with lower test piece axle coaxial line.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the switching of three friction modes of rotation, reciprocation and end face can be realized, and the switching mode is simple, low in cost and high in practicability.

And secondly, a method for indirectly measuring the friction force by adopting deflection deformation of the double-side flexible hinge can check whether the loading force deviates from the central line or not in time through the signal difference of the strain gauges at the two sides, thereby improving the stability of output data.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic axial view of the overall structure of the testing machine of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the whole structure of the testing machine of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the overall structure of the testing machine of the present invention;

fig. 4 is another view angle schematic diagram of the whole structure of the testing machine of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of an end surface friction loading system of the testing machine of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the connection between the cylindrical cam and the disc of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the transmission mode of the sliding gear set of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of the flexible hinge support structure of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the flexible hinge of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic partial sectional view of the inside of the sliding seat of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the sliding seat shaft side of the present invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the push rod of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a first motor; 2. a cylindrical cam; 3. a follower roller; 4. a first gear; 5. a slide bar; 6. A second gear; 7. a disc; 8. a lower test piece shaft; 9. a linear bearing seat; 10. a first rolling bearing housing; 11. a first slip gear; 12. an intermediate shaft; 13. a second slip gear; 14. a support; 15. a sliding block; 16. A flexible hinge; 17. a first mandrel; 18. a strain gauge; 19. loading a test piece; 20. a first motor mount; 21. a work table; 22. a support leg; 23. a leg nut; 24. a second mandrel; 25. a stud; 26. loading weights; 27. loading a screw seat; 28. a pin shaft; 29. a temperature sensor; 30. a speed sensor; 31. a square nut; 32. a first lead screw; 33. locking the nut; 34. a guide rail; 35. an end face friction shaft; 36. a third gear; 37. a second rolling bearing seat; 38. a second motor mount; 39. a second motor; 40. a fourth gear; 41. a rotating shaft; 42. a third motor; 43. a coupling; 44. loading a lead screw; 45. a sliding seat; 46. a push rod; 47. A third motor base; 48. a sliding key I; 49. a sliding key II; 50. positioning a flat key; 51. a spring; 201. an outward extending shaft section of the cylindrical cam; 1401. a rail track; 1402. a spring hole; 1501. a short limiting shaft; 1502. a through hole of the sliding block; 1601. two end rigid plates; 1602. a flexible board; 1603. a middle rigid plate; 1604. a through hole; 1605. a threaded hole I; 4501. an upper end cover of the sliding seat; 4502. a lower seat body of the sliding seat; 4503. a first pressure sensor; 4504. a second pressure sensor; 4505. a wiring hole; 4506. a screw; 4507. a sliding groove I; 4601. a threaded hole II; 4602. and a sliding groove II.

Detailed Description

The following description of the present invention is provided to explain the working principle of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8 and 9, the reciprocating friction assembly includes a first motor 1, a cylindrical cam 2, a follower roller 3, a slide rod 5, a disc 7, a lower specimen shaft 8, a bracket 14, a flexible hinge 16, a first spindle 17, an upper specimen 19, a table 21, a second spindle 24 and a loading weight 26, the cylindrical cam 2 is connected to a motor spindle of the first motor 1 in a flat key manner, the cylindrical cam 2 is in transmission connection with the follower roller 3 through a groove-shaped geometric profile, a through hole is formed in the center of the disc 7 and is in interference fit connection with the lower specimen shaft 8, the upper specimen 19 is supported above the lower specimen shaft 8, the upper specimen 19 is attached to the lower specimen shaft 8 through a semi-cylindrical surface, the upper end of the upper specimen 19 is in threaded connection with one end of a stud 16025, the other end of the stud 25 is in threaded connection with a threaded hole i 5 of the flexible hinge 16, and a loading weight 26 is arranged above the flexible hinge 16, the loading weight 26 is pressed on the upper surface of the flexible hinge 16, two ends of the flexible hinge 16 are supported in sliding block through holes 1502 of sliding blocks 15 at two sides through a first mandrel 17 and a second mandrel 24, the bracket 14 is provided with a guide rail 1401 in the vertical direction, the sliding blocks 15 are connected with a guide rail 1401 in a moving pair, the lower part of the bracket 14 is provided with a spring hole 1402, one end of a spring 51 is arranged in the spring hole 1402, and the other end of the spring is sleeved on a limit short shaft 1501 at the lower part of the sliding block 15. The upper test piece 19 and the lower test piece shaft 8 form a friction pair, and the spring 51 provides the flexible hinge with a degree of freedom in the vertical direction, so that the loading force of the weight 26 is transmitted to the upper test piece 19 through the stud connected with the flexible hinge.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 4 and 7, the rotary friction component comprises a first gear 4, a second gear 6, a first sliding gear 11, an intermediate shaft 12 and a second sliding gear 13, wherein the first gear 4 is flatly keyed on an outward shaft end 201 of the cylindrical cam 2, the second gear 6 is flatly keyed on a right shaft end of the lower specimen shaft, the intermediate shaft 12 is provided with a sliding key groove with a certain length, the first sliding gear 11 is in interference fit with a sliding key ii 49, the second sliding gear 13 is in interference fit with the sliding key i 48, the sliding key i 48 and the sliding key ii 49 are connected with a sliding key groove moving pair, a positioning flat key 50 is arranged between the sliding key i 48 and the sliding key ii 49, two ends of the positioning flat key 50 can be respectively engaged with one end faces of the sliding key i 48 and the sliding key ii 49, the rightmost end of the first sliding gear 11 which is slid to the key groove can be just meshed with the first gear 4, the second sliding gear 13 slides to the leftmost end of the key slot to just mesh with the second gear 6 for transmission. Through the meshing of the slipping gear set, torque is transmitted through the intermediate shaft 12, and the positioning flat key 50 is used for fixing the slipping gear, so that the transmission of the slipping gear is stable and reliable, and the slipping gear is conveniently disengaged.

The end face friction assembly as shown in figures 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 11 and 12 includes a pin 28, a second motor 39, a third motor 42, a push rod 46, a rotating shaft 41 is connected with the motor shaft of the second motor 39 through a flat key, a fourth gear 40 is connected on the rotating shaft 41 through interference fit, the fourth gear 40 is in mesh transmission with the third gear 36 mounted on the end face friction shaft 35, the third motor 42 is connected with a loading screw 44 through a coupler, the middle of the push rod 46 is provided with an internal threaded hole II 4601, the bottoms of two sides are provided with sliding grooves II 4602, the push rod 46 and the loading screw rod 44 form spiral transmission through the internal threaded hole II 4601, the push rod 46 is connected with the moving pair of the limit guide rail 34 through the sliding grooves II 4602 at two sides, the moving pair of the limit guide rail 34 is connected with a sliding seat 45, the sliding seat 45 is provided with a through hole, the pin shaft 28 respectively passes through the through hole on the lower test piece shaft 8 and the through holes of the two side sliding seats 45. The second motor 39 and the loading screw 44 provide loading force, the sliding seat 45 is pushed by the push rod 46, the lower test piece shaft 8 is tightly pressed on the end surface friction shaft 35 because the pin shaft 28 respectively passes through the through hole on the lower test piece shaft 8 and the through holes of the sliding seats 45 at two sides, and the third motor 42 of the sliding seat provides rotation torque to enable the end surface friction shaft 35 to rotate, so that the end surface friction shaft and the fixed lower test piece shaft 8 perform end surface friction motion.

As an optimal technical scheme of the utility model, follow-up roller 3 and 5 rigid connection of slide bar, slide bar 5 and square nut 31 rigid connection, both ends fixed mounting is in the inside of disc 7 about the lead screw 32, only can do the rotation of dead axle, the overhanging part of lead screw 32 has square nut 31 and lock nut 33 from inside to outside screw connection in proper order, follow-up roller 3, slide bar 5, square nut 31 and lock nut 33 are all upper and lower symmetrical arrangement two. The cylindrical cam 2 transmits power to the disc 7 through rigid connection transmission force, and the lower test piece shaft 8 of the disc 7 is in interference connection, so that the lower test piece shaft 8 makes reciprocating motion.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, two ends of the lower test piece shaft 8 are supported on the bearing seats 9 through linear bearings, two ends of the intermediate shaft 12 are supported on the first rolling bearing seats 10 through rolling bearings, two ends of the end surface friction shaft 35 are supported on the second rolling bearing seats 37 through rolling bearings, the loading screw 44 is supported on the screw seat 27 for fixed axis rotation, and the linear bearing seats 9 are fixed on the worktable 21; the rolling bearing is fixed on the workbench 21 through two rolling

bearing seats

10 and 37; the first motor 1 is fixed on the workbench 21 through a first motor base 20, the second motor 39 is fixed on the workbench 21 through a second motor base 38, and the third motor 42 is fixed on the workbench 21 through a third motor base 47; the support 14, the loading screw seat 27 and the limiting guide rail 34 are all fixed on the workbench 21 through bolts, and four corners of the workbench are connected with support legs 22 through bolts 23.

As an optimal technical scheme of the utility model, flexible hinge 16 comprises both ends rigid plate 1601, middle rigid plate 1603 place and the flexible plate 1602 that links to each other with two rigid plates, both ends rigid plate 1601 opens through-hole 1604 and first dabber 17 and the rotation of second dabber 24 that has the horizontal direction and is connected, the thickness of flexible plate 1602 is far less than both ends rigid plate 1601, and receives the power of horizontal direction to have elastic deformation's ability, threaded hole I1605 and stud screwed connection are opened to the vertical direction in flexible hinge 16 center, foil gage 18 has all been posted to the both sides of flexible plate 1602. The flexible board 1602 generates the deflection deformation through reciprocating friction, and the signal magnitude of foil gage 18 is pasted on both sides of the flexible board 1602, can mark the magnitude of friction.

As a preferred technical scheme of the utility model, the outside at the friction position of going up test piece 19 and lower test piece axle 8 is provided with temperature sensor 29, lower test piece axle 8 and disc 7 junction are provided with speedtransmitter 30, temperature sensor 29 and speedtransmitter 30 are all fixed on workstation 21.

As an optimal technical solution of the present invention, the sliding seat 45 is composed of an upper end cover 4501 and a lower seat body 4502, and connects an upper portion and a lower portion through a screw 4506, the first pressure sensor 4503 and the second pressure sensor 4504 are installed through a stepped hole inside the lower seat body 4502, the extension lines of the first pressure sensor 4503 and the second pressure sensor 4504 intersect at the axis of the wiring hole 4505, the sliding seat 45 is opened at the bottom thereof with a sliding groove i 4507 and a moving pair of a limit guide rail 34, the first pressure sensor 4503 is installed in the groove in the vertical direction, and the pin shaft 28 is pressed on the first pressure sensor 4503 for measuring the pressure transmitted by the pin shaft, the second pressure sensor 4504 is installed in the groove in the horizontal direction and installed on the center line of the push rod 46 for measuring the pressure of the push rod.

As an optimal technical scheme of the utility model, end face friction axle 35 and lower test piece axle 8 coaxial line are arranged.

In specific use, for switching between three different friction modes, the following provides corresponding use methods for realizing different friction modes.

If a reciprocating friction test is to be carried out, a first sliding gear slides through a key groove on an intermediate shaft and is disengaged from a first gear, a second sliding gear slides through a key groove on the intermediate shaft and is disengaged from a second gear, a cylindrical cam is in transmission fit with a follow-up roller, a pin shaft is inserted to limit the rotary motion of a shaft, a first motor is started to drive the cylindrical cam and the follow-up roller to carry out linear transmission, the follow-up roller is rigidly connected with a sliding rod, the sliding rod is rigidly connected with a square nut locked by a locking nut and transmits acting force to a lead screw connected with a nut screw pair, the lead screw is fixedly arranged in a disc, the disc in interference connection with a lower test piece shaft is driven by the lead screw to enable the lower test piece shaft to carry out reciprocating motion, and the loading force of a loading weight is transmitted to an upper test piece through a sliding pair and a double-end stud of a guide rail of a bracket through, the upper and lower test pieces are extruded, and the reciprocating friction test of the cylindrical pair is realized under the reciprocating motion of the lower test piece shaft.

If a rotary friction test is to be carried out, the first sliding gear slides through the axial keyway and is meshed with the first gear, the second sliding gear slides through the axial keyway and is meshed with the second gear, the rotary locking nut is withdrawn from a locking state and is detached, the lead screw rotating by the fixed shaft is rotated, the square nut drives the follow-up roller to move linearly, the follow-up roller is withdrawn from the meshing with the cylindrical cam and is detached, the pin shaft is pulled out of the through hole of the sliding seat and the lower test piece shaft, the first motor is started to transmit torque through the transition of the intermediate shaft, the lower test piece shaft is driven to move rotationally, the load loading mode is the same as reciprocating loading, and the rotary friction test of the cylindrical pair is realized.

If an end face friction test is required, the first sliding gear slides through a key groove on an intermediate shaft and is disengaged with the first gear, the second sliding gear slides through a key groove on the intermediate shaft and is disengaged with the second gear, the locking nut is rotated to be out of a locking state and disassembled, the screw rod rotating by the fixed shaft is rotated to enable the square nut to drive the follow-up roller to do linear motion, the follow-up roller is disengaged with the cylindrical cam and disassembled, the pin shaft is inserted into the through hole of the sliding seat and the lower test piece shaft, the first motor is closed, the third motor is started, the sliding seat is pushed through the screw rod and the push rod, pressure is transmitted to the lower test piece shaft through the second pressure sensor, the sliding seat and the pin shaft, the lower test piece shaft is contacted with the end face friction shaft to generate positive pressure, the second motor is started, torque is transmitted through the engagement of the third gear and the fourth gear, and the end face friction shaft is made to do rotary motion of, and carrying out an end face friction test with the end face of the lower test piece shaft.

When reciprocating, the reaction force of the friction force between the upper test piece and the lower test piece causes the flexible hinge flexible plate to deform, and the flexible hinge flexible plate is converted into an electric signal through a strain gauge attached to the deformed position, so that the friction force can be calibrated and measured through the friction force. During the end face friction, the second pressure sensor in the sliding seat can measure the size of the loading force, the end face friction torque is transmitted to the first pressure sensor through the pin shaft during rotation, and the end face friction torque can be approximately obtained by utilizing the lever theorem.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single technical solution, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should understand that, when the present description is taken as a whole, the technical solutions in the embodiments may be appropriately combined to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a combined type friction wear test machine based on flexible hinge which characterized in that: comprises a reciprocating friction component, a rotating friction component and an end face friction component;

the reciprocating friction component comprises a first motor (1), a cylindrical cam (2), a follow-up roller (3), a sliding rod (5), a disc (7), a lower test piece shaft (8), a support (14), a flexible hinge (16), a first mandrel (17), an upper test piece (19), a workbench (21), a second mandrel (24) and a loading weight (26), wherein the motor spindle of the first motor (1) is in flat key connection with the cylindrical cam (2), the cylindrical cam (2) is in transmission connection with the follow-up roller (3) through a groove-shaped geometric profile, a through hole is formed in the center of the disc (7) and is in interference fit connection with the lower test piece shaft (8), the upper test piece (19) is supported above the lower test piece shaft (8), the upper test piece (19) is mutually attached to the lower test piece shaft (8) through a semi-cylindrical surface, the upper end of the upper test piece (19) is in spiral connection with one end of a stud (25), the other end of the stud (25) is in threaded connection with a threaded hole I (1605) of the flexible hinge (16), a loading weight (26) is arranged above the flexible hinge (16), the loading weight (26) is pressed on the upper surface of the flexible hinge (16), two ends of the flexible hinge (16) are supported in sliding block through holes (1502) of sliding blocks (15) on two sides through a first mandrel (17) and a second mandrel (24), a guide rail track (1401) is arranged in the vertical direction of the support (14), the sliding blocks (15) are connected with a moving pair of the guide rail track (1401), a spring hole (1402) is formed in the lower portion of the support (14), one end of the spring (51) is installed in the spring hole (1402), and one end of the spring is sleeved on a limit short shaft (1501) at the lower portion of the sliding block (15);

the rotary friction component comprises a first gear (4), a second gear (6), a first sliding gear (11), an intermediate shaft (12) and a second sliding gear (13), the first gear (4) is in flat key connection with an outward extending shaft end (201) of the cylindrical cam (2), the second gear (6) is in flat key connection with a right shaft end of the lower test piece shaft, a sliding key groove with a certain length is formed in the intermediate shaft (12), the first sliding gear (11) is in interference fit with a sliding key II (49), the second sliding gear (13) is in interference fit with the sliding key I (48), the sliding key I (48) and the sliding key II (49) are connected with a sliding key groove moving pair, a positioning flat key (50) is arranged between the sliding key I (48) and the sliding key II (49), two ends of the positioning flat key (50) can be respectively attached to one end face of the sliding key I (48) and one end face of the sliding key II (49), the first sliding gear (11) slides to the rightmost end of the key groove and can just be meshed with the first gear (4) for transmission, and the second sliding gear (13) slides to the leftmost end of the key groove and can just be meshed with the second gear (6) for transmission;

the end face friction assembly comprises a pin shaft (28), a second motor (39), a third motor (42) and a push rod (46), a motor shaft of the second motor (39) is connected with a rotating shaft (41) in a flat key mode, the rotating shaft (41) is connected with a fourth gear (40) in an interference mode, the fourth gear (40) is in meshing transmission with a third gear (36) installed on the end face friction shaft (35), the third motor (42) is connected with a loading screw rod (44) through a coupler, an internal threaded hole II (4601) is formed in the middle of the push rod (46), sliding grooves II (4602) are formed in the bottoms of two sides of the push rod (46), the push rod (46) forms spiral transmission with the loading screw rod (44) through the internal threaded hole II (4601), the push rod (46) is connected with a limiting guide rail (34) moving pair through the sliding grooves II (4602) of the two sides, the limiting guide rail (34, the sliding seat (45) is provided with a through hole, and the pin shaft (28) respectively penetrates through the through hole in the lower test piece shaft (8) and the through holes in the sliding seats (45) on the two sides.

2. The composite friction and wear testing machine based on the flexible hinge is characterized in that the follow-up roller (3) is rigidly connected with the sliding rod (5), the sliding rod (5) is rigidly connected with the square nut (31), the upper end and the lower end of the lead screw (32) are fixedly installed inside the disc (7) and only can rotate with a fixed shaft, the extending part of the lead screw (32) is sequentially and spirally connected with the square nut (31) and the lock nut (33) from inside to outside, and the follow-up roller (3), the sliding rod (5), the square nut (31) and the lock nut (33) are symmetrically arranged up and down.

3. The composite friction and wear testing machine based on the flexible hinge is characterized in that two ends of the lower test piece shaft (8) are supported on linear bearing seats (9) through linear bearings, two ends of the intermediate shaft (12) are supported on a first rolling bearing seat (10) through rolling bearings, two ends of the end face friction shaft (35) are supported on a second rolling bearing seat (37) through rolling bearings, the loading screw rod (44) is supported on a screw rod seat (27) to rotate in a fixed shaft mode, and the linear bearing seats (9) are fixed on a workbench (21); the first rolling bearing seat (10) and the second rolling bearing seat (37) are fixed on the workbench (21); the first motor (1) is fixed on the workbench (21) through a first motor base (20), the second motor (39) is fixed on the workbench (21) through a second motor base (38), and the third motor (42) is fixed on the workbench (21) through a third motor base (47); the loading device is characterized in that the support (14), the loading screw rod seat (27) and the limiting guide rail (34) are fixed on the workbench (21) through bolts, and the four corners of the workbench are connected with support legs (22) through bolts (23).

4. The composite friction and wear testing machine based on the flexible hinge is characterized in that the flexible hinge (16) is composed of two end rigid plates (1601), a middle rigid plate (1603) and a flexible plate (1602) connected with the two rigid plates, the two end rigid plates (1601) are provided with through holes (1604) in the horizontal direction and are rotatably connected with a first spindle (17) and a second spindle (24), the thickness of the flexible plate (1602) is far smaller than that of the two end rigid plates (1601) and has the elastic deformation capacity under the action of force in the horizontal direction, a threaded hole I (1605) is formed in the center of the flexible hinge (16) in the vertical direction and is in threaded connection with a stud, and strain plates (18) are attached to two sides of the flexible plate (1602).

5. The composite friction and wear testing machine based on the flexible hinge is characterized in that a temperature sensor (29) is arranged on the outer side of a friction part of the upper test piece (19) and the lower test piece shaft (8), a speed sensor (30) is arranged at the joint of the lower test piece shaft (8) and the disc (7), and the temperature sensor (29) and the speed sensor (30) are both fixed on the workbench (21).

6. The composite friction and wear testing machine based on the flexible hinge is characterized in that the sliding seat (45) consists of an upper end cover (4501) and a lower seat body (4502) and is connected with the upper part and the lower part through a screw (4506), a first pressure sensor (4503) and a second pressure sensor (4504) are installed inside the lower seat body (4502) through stepped holes, extension lines of the first pressure sensor (4503) and the second pressure sensor (4504) are intersected with an axis of a wiring hole (4505), a sliding groove I (4507) is formed at the bottom of the sliding seat (45) and is connected with a moving pair of a limit guide rail (34), the first pressure sensor (4503) is installed in a groove in the vertical direction, the pin shaft (28) is pressed on the first pressure sensor (4503) and used for measuring the pressure transmitted by the pin shaft, and the second pressure sensor (4504) is installed in a groove in the horizontal direction, and is installed on the center line of the push rod (46) for measuring the pressure of the push rod.

7. The composite friction and wear testing machine based on the flexible hinge is characterized in that the end face friction shaft (35) and the lower test piece shaft (8) are arranged coaxially.