CN210152732U - Soft measurement thermodynamic system for detecting bypass steam flow - Google Patents
Soft measurement thermodynamic system for detecting bypass steam flow Download PDFInfo
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- CN210152732U CN210152732U CN201822129835.3U CN201822129835U CN210152732U CN 210152732 U CN210152732 U CN 210152732U CN 201822129835 U CN201822129835 U CN 201822129835U CN 210152732 U CN210152732 U CN 210152732U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a soft measurement thermodynamic system for detecting bypass steam flow. Comprises a desuperheating water pipeline system and a bypass system; the bypass system comprises a bypass inlet shutoff valve, a bypass steam inlet pressure measuring element, a bypass steam inlet temperature measuring element, a bypass valve, a bypass steam outlet pressure measuring element, a bypass steam outlet temperature measuring element and a bypass outlet shutoff valve which are connected in sequence; the desuperheating water pipeline system comprises a desuperheating water shut-off valve, a desuperheating water regulating valve, a desuperheating water temperature measuring element, a desuperheating water flow measuring device and a desuperheating water pressure measuring element which are sequentially connected; the temperature-reducing water pipeline system is connected to the bypass valve and is sprayed into the steam pipeline system; when the bypass system is put into operation, the desuperheating water pipeline system is put into operation at the same time. The indirect measurement is simple and reliable by detecting the flow, temperature and pressure of the desuperheating water and the pressure and temperature of the steam before and after mixing in the process of desuperheating.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a heat supply unit's of thermal power plant flexibility reforms transform the field, especially relates to a soft measurement thermodynamic system for detecting bypass steam flow, through measuring desuperheating discharge, indirect measurement bypass steam flow.
Background
With the increasing operation management level of the thermal power generating unit, a plurality of working medium parameters in the thermal process need to be detected and controlled, especially the measurement of steam flow, and the method has a very important significance for the regulation operation and the metering control of a thermal system of the thermal power generating unit.
In order to reduce the resistance of a working medium system, a large-scale boiler generally does not measure the steam flow, and only depends on the pressure before and after a regulating stage of a steam turbine to calculate and derive the main steam flow, the reheated steam has larger specific volume and larger diameter of a steam pipeline because of larger steam specific volume, and the steam pressure drop of a reheater and the system needs to be strictly controlled, a device for measuring the steam flow generally adopts a differential pressure type measuring element, a certain throttling pressure drop can be generated in the steam flowing process to influence the heat consumption of a unit, and the processing precision and the installation process of a measuring device with larger diameter are higher, so that the current thermal power unit is not provided with a flow measuring device in the main steam and reheated steam system, and an indirect measuring method is generally adopted for monitoring.
When the thermal power generating unit is in an ignition starting process, because the steam turbine does not rotate or the steam flow of the steam turbine is small, the boiler establishes normal working medium circulation through a high-pressure steam bypass system and a low-pressure steam bypass system, at the moment, the load of the boiler is low, or a steam pocket of a subcritical unit is supplied with water discontinuously, the difficulty in monitoring the actual load of the boiler by adopting the water supply flow is high or cannot be realized, and great technical difficulty is brought to operation management personnel of a power plant. In addition, when the unit is put into the high-pressure and low-pressure bypass systems, the steam flow of the high-pressure bypass system and the low-pressure bypass system is unknown, and the change of the boiler load is determined to have certain deviation only through the change of the steam pressure, because the fuel input of the boiler under lower load is discontinuous and unstable, the combustion working condition in the hearth has larger fluctuation, the boiler load and the steam parameters are influenced, and abnormal operation and large and frequent monitoring fluctuation of the steam parameters are easy to occur.
The bypass steam system of the thermal power generating unit has larger reducing, elbow, tee joint, valve and other equipment and parts, the number of steam straight pipe sections in the bypass system is small, especially the high-pressure steam bypass system has narrow pipeline arrangement space, a conventional steam flow measuring device is difficult to arrange, and the steam has higher parameter and is frequent and quick to change the operating condition characteristics, so that the abnormal difficulty in directly measuring the steam flow is caused.
For a heat supply unit, in the process of deep peak regulation and flexibility transformation, thermoelectric decoupling and heat supply capacity increase of the unit are required to be realized, a bypass system is added on the boiler side of the unit, external heat supply of parameters is reduced through temperature reduction and pressure reduction, steam flow is monitored, and the method is particularly important for improving stability and safety of heat supply and accurately metering heat supply load.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a soft measurement thermodynamic system for two backs of bodies detect bypass steam flow to solve high pressure steam flow measurement's technological problem, through detecting the parameter variation of high parameter steam at the temperature and pressure reduction in-process, utilize the indirect measurement steam flow of desuperheating water flow.
In order to realize the purpose, the soft measurement thermodynamic system for indirectly measuring the flow of the high-parameter bypass steam by measuring the flow of the reduced temperature water and utilizing the mass and energy balance relation in the steam temperature and pressure reduction process is provided, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
a soft measurement thermodynamic system for detecting bypass steam flow comprises a desuperheating water pipeline system and a bypass system;
the bypass system comprises a bypass inlet shutoff valve, a bypass steam inlet pressure measuring element, a bypass steam inlet temperature measuring element, a bypass valve, a bypass steam outlet pressure measuring element, a bypass steam outlet temperature measuring element and a bypass outlet shutoff valve which are connected in sequence;
the desuperheating water pipeline system comprises a desuperheating water shut-off valve, a desuperheating water regulating valve, a desuperheating water temperature measuring element, a desuperheating water flow measuring device and a desuperheating water pressure measuring element which are sequentially connected;
the temperature-reducing water pipeline system is connected to the bypass valve and is sprayed into the steam pipeline system to realize the temperature reduction of high-temperature steam;
when the high-pressure bypass system is put into operation, the desuperheating water pipeline system is put into operation at the same time.
Preferably, the steam passing through the bypass system is branched off from a boiler superheater or a reheater.
Preferably, the bypass system is a high-pressure bypass system or a low-pressure bypass system.
When the bypass system is a high-pressure bypass system, the high-pressure bypass system shunts a part of high-pressure steam from the boiler superheater, and the high-pressure steam sequentially enters a high-side inlet stop valve, a high-side valve inlet pressure measuring point, a high-side valve inlet temperature measuring point, a high-pressure bypass valve, a high-side valve outlet pressure measuring point, a high-side valve outlet temperature measuring point and a high-side outlet stop valve.
When the bypass system is a low-pressure bypass system, the low-pressure bypass system shunts a part of low-pressure steam from the boiler reheater, and the low-pressure steam sequentially enters the low-side valve inlet stop valve, the low-side valve inlet pressure measuring point, the low-side valve inlet temperature measuring point, the low-pressure bypass valve, the low-side valve outlet pressure measuring point, the low-side valve outlet temperature measuring point and the low-side outlet stop valve.
As a preferred scheme, the bypass system is a high-pressure bypass system, the soft measurement thermodynamic system further comprises a steam turbine high-pressure cylinder and a steam exhaust check valve which are connected with each other, and a pipeline formed by the steam turbine high-pressure cylinder and the steam exhaust check valve is connected in parallel with a pipeline of the high-pressure bypass system; and the steam coming out of the pipeline formed by the high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine and the steam exhaust check valve is merged with the steam finally coming out of the pipeline of the high-pressure bypass system.
The boiler superheater is connected to a high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine, a steam exhaust check valve is arranged on a steam exhaust pipeline of the high-pressure cylinder, a tee joint is arranged on a pipeline of the steam exhaust check valve and connected with a high-pressure bypass steam pipeline subjected to temperature and pressure reduction, and a mixed steam pipeline is connected to a boiler reheater system. The high-pressure cylinder and the high-pressure bypass system are two steam circulation loops connected in parallel, wherein one steam circulation loop does work through expansion of the high-pressure cylinder, the other steam circulation loop does work through temperature and pressure reduction of the high bypass, and finally the steam circulation loops are combined and enter a reheater.
Preferably, the temperature-reducing water is from a water supply main pipe at the outlet of the water supply pump, the pressure is higher than the pressure of the bypass steam, and the temperature-reducing water is connected to a bypass valve and sprayed into a steam pipeline system to realize the temperature reduction of the high-temperature steam.
Preferably, the desuperheating water flow measuring device is an orifice plate type measuring device or a nozzle type measuring device.
When the bypass system is put into operation, the desuperheating water must be put into operation, and the measured desuperheating water flow is m1kg/s, desuperheating water pressure of p1MPa，The temperature of the reduced water is t1℃。
Pressure of steam before bypass valve is p2MPa, steam temperature before bypass valve is t2DEG C, steam flow before bypass valve is m2kg/s; steam pressure p after bypass valve3MPa, steam temperature after bypass valve is t3DEG C, steam flow after bypass valve is m3kg/s; local atmospheric pressure is p0MPa。
The steam enthalpy per unit mass h kJ/kg is a function of the steam pressure p MPa and the temperature t ℃, and the desuperheating water enthalpy per unit mass h kJ/kg is a function of the desuperheating water pressure p MPa and the temperature t ℃, and is generally expressed as h = h (p, t).
Enthalpy per unit mass of desuperheated water is h1The enthalpy of the steam before the bypass valve is h2The enthalpy of the steam after the bypass valve is h3。
In the mixing process of the bypass steam passing through the bypass valve, the mass and the energy of the working medium are conserved, and the steam flow before the bypass valve is m2=m1*(h3-h1)/(h2-h3) kg/s, while the steam flow after the bypass valve is m3=m1*(h2-h1)/(h2-h3) kg/s。
The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:
1) calculating the flow relation between two different working media in the mixing process by using the mass balance and energy balance principles; 2) the method has the advantages that the method is simple and reliable through indirect measurement by detecting the flow, temperature and pressure of the temperature-reducing water in the temperature-reducing process and the pressure and temperature of the steam before and after mixing; 3) the steam flow is indirectly calculated by detecting the flow of the water side, so that the throttling loss of the steam side is reduced; 4) the maintenance workload of the measuring system is small, and steam side leakage is prevented; 5) the configuration of the thermodynamic system is simplified, and other physical quantities can be intuitively measured by using a soft measurement technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a soft measurement thermodynamic system for detecting high pressure bypass steam flow of embodiment 1;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the soft measurement thermal system for detecting the low-pressure bypass steam flow in the embodiment 2.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a boiler; 2. a superheater; 3. a reheater; 4. feeding water to the boiler; 5. a high side inlet stop valve; 6. a high side valve inlet pressure measurement point; 7. a high side valve inlet temperature measuring point; 8. a high pressure bypass valve; 9. a high side valve outlet pressure measuring point; 10. a high bypass valve outlet temperature measuring point; 11. a high side outlet stop valve; 12. a high-pressure cylinder of the steam turbine; 13. a high-discharge check valve; 14. high-temperature side temperature-reducing water; 15. a high-side desuperheating water stop valve; 16. a high-side temperature-reducing water regulating valve; 17. measuring the temperature of high-side desuperheating water; 18. a high-side reduced-temperature water flowmeter; 19. measuring a high-side desuperheating water pressure point; 20. a turbine intermediate pressure cylinder; 21. a low side valve inlet shutoff valve; 22. a low side valve inlet pressure measurement point; 23. a low side valve inlet temperature measurement point; 24. a low pressure bypass valve; 25. a low bypass valve outlet pressure measurement point; 26. measuring a temperature of an outlet of the low side valve; 27. a low side outlet stop valve; 28. cooling water at the lower part; 29. a low-side desuperheating water stop valve; 30. a low-side temperature-reducing water regulating valve; 31. measuring the temperature of low-side desuperheating water; 32. a low side temperature reducing water flow meter; 33. and (5) measuring the point of the low-side temperature-reduced water pressure.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a soft measurement thermodynamic system for detecting high-pressure bypass steam flow, as shown in fig. 1, boiler feed water 4 enters a boiler 1, superheated steam is generated through a superheater 2 and is divided into two paths, one path of superheated steam enters a steam turbine high-pressure cylinder 12, the other path of superheated steam passes through a tee joint for shunting, and sequentially passes through a high bypass inlet stop valve 5, a high-pressure bypass valve 8 and a high bypass outlet stop valve 11, so that temperature and pressure reduction shunting of the high-pressure superheated steam is realized, and steam discharged by the steam turbine high-pressure cylinder flows together with the high bypass shunting steam after passing through a high discharge check valve 13 and enters a reheater 3 in the boiler 1.
A high bypass valve inlet pressure measuring point 6 and a high bypass valve inlet temperature measuring point 7 are sequentially arranged between the high bypass inlet stop valve 5 and the high pressure bypass valve 8, so that the detection of steam parameters at the inlet of the high pressure bypass valve and the calculation of a steam enthalpy value are realized; and a high side valve outlet pressure measuring point 9 and a high side valve outlet temperature measuring point 10 are sequentially arranged between the pressure side bypass valve 8 and the high side outlet stop valve 11, so that the detection of the steam parameters at the outlet of the high pressure side bypass valve and the calculation of the steam enthalpy value are realized.
The high-side desuperheating water 14 sequentially passes through a high-side desuperheating water stop valve 15, a high-side desuperheating water regulating valve 16 and a high-side desuperheating water flowmeter 18 to enter the high-pressure bypass valve 8, so that the desuperheating effect of the superheated steam in the pressure reduction process is realized. A high-side temperature-reducing water temperature measuring point 17 is arranged on a pipeline between the high-side temperature-reducing water regulating valve 16 and the high-side temperature-reducing water flowmeter 18, so that the temperature of the temperature-reducing water is measured; and a high-side reduced temperature water pressure measuring point 19 is arranged on a pipeline between the high-side reduced temperature water flowmeter 18 and the high-pressure bypass valve 8 to measure the reduced temperature water pressure, and the enthalpy value of the reduced temperature water is calculated by measuring the reduced temperature water temperature and the pressure.
In the process of reducing the temperature and the pressure of high-pressure steam, the thermal mixing process is adopted, the mass balance and energy balance rules are observed, and the steam flow at the high side inlet and the steam flow at the high side outlet can be indirectly calculated through detecting the flow of the reduced-temperature water, so that the soft measurement for detecting the steam flow of the high-pressure bypass system is realized.
Example 2
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the reheated steam generated from the reheater 3 in the boiler 1 is divided into two paths of steam through a tee joint, one path of steam enters the turbine intermediate pressure cylinder 20, and the other path of steam sequentially passes through the low-side inlet stop valve 21, the low-pressure bypass valve 24, and the low-side outlet stop valve 27, so as to reduce the temperature and pressure of the reheated steam.
A low bypass valve inlet pressure measuring point 22 and a low bypass valve inlet temperature measuring point 23 are sequentially arranged between the low bypass inlet stop valve 21 and the low pressure bypass valve 23, so that the detection of steam parameters at the inlet of the low pressure bypass valve and the calculation of a steam enthalpy value are realized; and a low-side valve outlet pressure measuring point 25 and a low-side valve outlet temperature measuring point 26 are sequentially arranged between the low-pressure bypass valve 24 and the low-side outlet stop valve 27, so that the detection of the steam parameters at the outlet of the low-pressure bypass valve and the calculation of the steam enthalpy value are realized.
The low-side desuperheating water 28 sequentially passes through the low-side desuperheating water stop valve 29, the low-side desuperheating water regulating valve 30 and the low-side desuperheating water flowmeter 32 to enter the low-pressure bypass valve 24, so that the desuperheating effect of the superheated steam in the pressure reduction process is realized.
A low side temperature-reducing water temperature measuring point 31 is arranged on a pipeline between the low side temperature-reducing water regulating valve 30 and the low side temperature-reducing water flowmeter 32, so that the temperature of the temperature-reducing water is measured; the measurement of the reduced temperature water pressure is realized at a low side reduced temperature water pressure measuring point 33 on a pipeline between the low side reduced temperature water flow meter 32 and the low pressure bypass valve 24, and the calculation of the enthalpy value of the reduced temperature water is realized by measuring the temperature and the pressure of the reduced temperature water.
In the process of reducing the temperature and the pressure of low-pressure steam, the thermal mixing process is adopted, the mass balance and energy balance rules are observed, and the low side inlet steam flow and the low side outlet steam flow can be indirectly calculated through detecting the flow of the reduced-temperature water, so that the detection soft measurement of the steam flow of the low-pressure bypass system is realized.
The working principle of embodiment 2 is the same as that of embodiment 1.
Claims (6)
1. A soft measurement thermodynamic system for detecting bypass steam flow is characterized by comprising a desuperheating water pipeline system and a bypass system;
the bypass system comprises a bypass inlet shutoff valve, a bypass steam inlet pressure measuring element, a bypass steam inlet temperature measuring element, a bypass valve, a bypass steam outlet pressure measuring element, a bypass steam outlet temperature measuring element and a bypass outlet shutoff valve which are connected in sequence;
the desuperheating water pipeline system comprises a desuperheating water shut-off valve, a desuperheating water regulating valve, a desuperheating water temperature measuring element, a desuperheating water flow measuring device and a desuperheating water pressure measuring element which are sequentially connected;
the temperature-reducing water pipeline system is connected to the bypass valve and is sprayed into the steam pipeline system to realize the temperature reduction of high-temperature steam;
when the bypass system is put into operation, the desuperheating water pipeline system is put into operation at the same time.
2. The soft-sensing thermodynamic system for detecting bypass steam flow of claim 1, wherein steam passing through the bypass system is split from a boiler superheater or reheater.
3. The soft metering thermal system for detecting bypass steam flow of claim 1 wherein the bypass system is a high pressure bypass system or a low pressure bypass system.
4. The soft measurement thermal system for detecting the flow of the bypass steam as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bypass system is a high pressure bypass system, the soft measurement thermal system further comprises a high pressure turbine cylinder and a steam exhaust check valve which are connected with each other, and a pipeline formed by the high pressure turbine cylinder and the steam exhaust check valve is connected in parallel with a pipeline of the high pressure bypass system.
5. A soft measurement thermal system for detecting bypass steam flow as defined in claim 1 wherein the desuperheating water flow measuring device is an orifice plate type measuring device or a nozzle type measuring device.
6. The soft-sensing thermodynamic system for detecting bypass steam flow of claim 1, wherein the desuperheating water is from a feedwater pump outlet feedwater header.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111502787A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-08-07 | 西安西热节能技术有限公司 | Method for automatically controlling high side valve in high side and low side combined heat supply unit |
| CN113606001A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-05 | 中国能源建设集团华东电力试验研究院有限公司 | 600MW supercritical unit bypass system and bypass temperature control method thereof |
| CN114776398A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-07-22 | 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 | Automatic control method and device for combined heat supply system of steam turbine |
-
2018
- 2018-12-18 CN CN201822129835.3U patent/CN210152732U/en active Active
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111502787A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-08-07 | 西安西热节能技术有限公司 | Method for automatically controlling high side valve in high side and low side combined heat supply unit |
| CN111502787B (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2022-08-16 | 西安西热节能技术有限公司 | Method for automatically controlling high side valve in high side and low side combined heat supply unit |
| CN113606001A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-05 | 中国能源建设集团华东电力试验研究院有限公司 | 600MW supercritical unit bypass system and bypass temperature control method thereof |
| CN114776398A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-07-22 | 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 | Automatic control method and device for combined heat supply system of steam turbine |
| CN114776398B (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2024-01-26 | 华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司 | Automatic control method and device for combined heat supply system of steam turbine |
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