CN210152098U

CN210152098U - Fireproof cornice

Info

Publication number: CN210152098U
Application number: CN201920216283.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 麻庭光; 栗玉剑; 陈丽丽; 王佐
Original assignee: Shanghai Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Shanghai Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2019-02-20
Filing date: 2019-02-20
Publication date: 2020-03-17
Anticipated expiration: 2029-02-20

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fire prevention cornice, metal fire prevention cornice is dull and stereotyped to link to each other with outside building wall. The first metal fireproof vertical wall is connected with the first side of the lower surface of the metal fireproof cornice flat plate and is parallel to the flowing direction of smoke. The second metal fireproof vertical wall is connected with the second side of the lower surface of the metal fireproof cornice flat plate and is parallel to the flow direction of the smoke. The metal pore plates are connected with the lower surface of the metal fireproof cornice flat plate, are perpendicular to the flow direction of flue gas and are uniformly distributed between the first metal fireproof vertical wall and the second metal fireproof vertical wall. When a fire occurs, the energy for maintaining combustion is dissipated through the heat conduction effect of the metal pore plate in the process that the smoke is subjected to fire prevention and cornice, so that the energy density in the smoke is reduced, the energy distribution near a window is changed, the energy which should be radiated upwards is diffused all around more quickly, and the purpose of limiting the spread of the fire is achieved.

Description

Fireproof cornice

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to building fire control field especially relates to a fire prevention cornice.

Background

The data of the fire department of the ministry of public security shows that 5046 common fire disasters happen to high-rise buildings in China since 2017, and the direct property loss is more than 8000 ten thousand yuan. In the last 10 years, 3.1 thousands of high-rise building fires occur all over the country, 474 people die, and the direct property loss is 15.6 million yuan.

At present, public buildings with the height of more than 24 meters and residential buildings with the height of more than 27 meters are built in China) 61.9 thousands of super high-rise buildings 6457 with the height of more than one hundred meters, 4.2 thousands of flammable and combustible external thermal insulation materials are adopted, including 6206 illegal external thermal insulation materials. The annual average growth rate of super high-rise buildings more than one hundred meters in China is up to 8 percent, which is 2.5 times of the world average growth rate.

After a fire occurs in a high-rise building, due to the complexity of the building structure, emergency response is usually not timely enough, and the fire quickly reaches a flashover state of an indoor fire, which is characterized in that flames extend out of doors and windows to burn due to oxygen deficiency. The overflowed smoke is a hidden danger of fire vertical spreading because of a large amount of combustible substances and high-temperature flame.

The problem that the fire disaster prevention and control of the high-rise building are difficult lies in:

1. for the exterior wall enclosure structure of a building, as the benzene plate is low in price and obvious in heat insulation effect, a plurality of exterior wall heat insulation materials are benzene plates, but the benzene plates are poor in flame retardant property and cannot meet the requirements of fire resistance and non-combustibility. The market situation of the existing heat insulation material is that the heat insulation material cannot prevent fire, the fireproof material is difficult to insulate, and the material which has both the fireproof material and is economically feasible is difficult to find.

2. Due to the price, the heat-insulating material is difficult to be strictly non-combustible, or the non-combustible blocking part of the non-combustible material is damaged, so that the fire disaster vertically spreads.

3. Because domestic fully-closed air conditioners are not popular enough and the sealing performance between floors is not enough, people also need to use the sunshine to dry clothes frequently, and even the clothes drying position is right above the front end of the fireproof cornice flat plate sometimes. The fuel accumulation at the same position of different floors brings about the hidden danger of vertical spread of fire.

4. Due to the special design of buildings, certain dead corners exist, and when fuel is arranged in the dead corners, due to the limited entrainment effect, flame is elongated, so that serious fire spreading risks are caused.

To control the spread of fire caused by the flame coming out of the window, there are two main solutions:

1. the vertical distance between the windows is increased, so that the high-temperature flame can reach the second window after being cooled for a long distance, which is required by building regulations. Experiments of Tianjin university find that the vertical spreading can be prevented only if the height of the window sill wall is not less than 1.2 meters.

2. Set up the fire prevention and cornice, collect through the flue gas that overflows and deliver to the certain distance outside, avoid the interference of high temperature flue gas to other windows. The main function of the fireproof cornice is to prevent flame from spreading to a certain extent and enable high-temperature flame to deviate from a wall body for dissipation. Experiments of Tianjin university find that the vertical spreading can be prevented only if the width of the fireproof cornice is not less than 1.0 m.

However, for economic reasons, the distance between the windows cannot be infinitely increased. The effect of the wind may cause the spilled plumes to fall over, with the result that local overheating combustion occurs. When fire-proof cornice occurs, because the extra flow resistance brought by the fire-proof cornice is very small, flame can bypass two sides of the cornice, and the fire-proof cornice is converged again at the upper part of the fire-proof cornice to continue to spread upwards along the wall. Sometimes, the flame spread from the front end of the fireproof cornice can ignite the fuel on the upper layer under the action of wind power. That is, fire protection cornices merely retard the flow of the fire and do not attenuate the fire sufficiently, thus failing to achieve the intended goal of controlling spread.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide a fire prevention cornice to reach the purpose that the restriction intensity of a fire stretchs.

In order to solve the above problem, the technical scheme of the utility model is that:

the utility model relates to a fireproof cornice, which comprises a metal fireproof cornice flat plate, a first metal fireproof vertical wall, a second metal fireproof vertical wall and a plurality of metal pore plates; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the metal fireproof cornice flat plate is connected with an external building wall;

the first metal fireproof vertical wall is connected with the first side of the lower surface of the metal fireproof cornice flat plate and is parallel to the flow direction of smoke;

the second metal fireproof vertical wall is connected with the second side of the lower surface of the metal fireproof cornice flat plate and is parallel to the flow direction of the smoke;

the metal pore plates are connected with the lower surface of the metal fireproof cornice flat plate, are perpendicular to the flow direction of flue gas and are uniformly distributed between the first metal fireproof vertical wall and the second metal fireproof vertical wall.

The utility model discloses a fire prevention cornice, the metal fire prevention cornice is dull and stereotyped and outside building wall passes through expansion screw and metal support and links to each other and is located 0.05 meters to 0.2 meters department of eaves on the door and window.

The utility model discloses a fire prevention cornice, along the flue gas flow direction, the aperture of metal orifice plate reduces in proper order.

The utility model discloses a fire prevention cornice, the metal fire prevention cornice is dull and stereotyped first metal fire prevention hangs down the wall second metal fire prevention hangs down the wall with the thickness of a plurality of metal orifice plates is between 0.1 centimetre to 2.0 centimetres.

The utility model discloses a fire prevention cornice, the metal orifice plate also can be the metal mesh.

The utility model discloses a fire prevention cornice, every the highly all more than or equal to 0.1 meter of metal orifice plate.

The utility model discloses owing to adopt above technical scheme, make it compare with prior art and have following advantage and positive effect:

the utility model discloses a set up metal fire prevention cornice flat board, first metal fire prevention dado, second metal fire prevention dado and a plurality of metal orifice plate and constitute the fire prevention cornice on door and window. The fire-proof hanging wall can reduce the possibility that the flame bypasses two sides of the fire-proof cornice flat plate, so that the flame can only flow to the front end of the fire-proof cornice flat plate. The metal pore plate can destroy the combustion process through heat dissipation, and the filtering, eliminating and dissipating effects on flame in the smoke are realized. When a fire occurs, the energy for maintaining combustion is dissipated through the heat conduction effect of the metal pore plate in the process that the smoke is subjected to fire prevention and cornice, namely, the smoke passes through the metal pore plate, but the energy is left, so that the purpose of limiting a combustible region in a certain range is achieved, the energy is dissipated through the metal, the energy density in the smoke is reduced, the energy distribution near a window is changed, the energy which should be radiated upwards is diffused all around more quickly, and the purpose of limiting the spread of the fire is achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the fireproof cornice of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the fireproof cornice of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: 1: a metal fireproof cornice flat plate; 2: a first metal fire-resistant drop wall; 3: a second metal fire-proof drop wall; 4: a metal orifice plate; 5: the outside fire prevention cornice flat board.

Detailed Description

The following provides a further detailed description of the fire-proof cornice according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become more fully apparent from the following description and appended claims.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, the fireproof cornice comprises a metal fireproof cornice flat plate 1, a first metal fireproof suspended wall 2, a second metal fireproof suspended wall 3 and a plurality of metal hole plates 4. Wherein, the metal fireproof cornice flat plate 1 is connected with an external building wall. The first metal fireproof hanging wall 2 is connected with the first side of the lower surface of the metal fireproof cornice flat plate 1 and is parallel to the flowing direction of smoke. The second metal fireproof hanging wall 3 is connected with the second side of the lower surface of the metal fireproof cornice flat plate 1 and is parallel to the flow direction of smoke. The metal pore plates 4 are connected with the lower surface of the metal fireproof cornice flat plate 1, perpendicular to the flow direction of flue gas and evenly distributed between the first metal fireproof vertical wall 2 and the second metal fireproof vertical wall 3. The fireproof cornice is formed by arranging a metal fireproof cornice flat plate 1, a first metal fireproof vertical wall 2, a second metal fireproof vertical wall 3 and a plurality of metal hole plates 4 on the upper edge of a door or a window. The fire-proof hanging wall can reduce the possibility that the flame bypasses two sides of the fire-proof cornice flat plate, so that the flame can only flow to the front end of the fire-proof cornice flat plate. The metal pore plate 4 can destroy the combustion process through heat dissipation, and the filtering, eliminating and dissipating effects on flame in the smoke are realized. When a fire occurs, the energy for maintaining combustion is dissipated through the heat conduction effect of the metal pore plate 4 in the process that the smoke is subjected to fire prevention and cornice, namely, the smoke passes through the metal pore plate, but the energy is left, so that the purpose of limiting a combustible region in a certain range is achieved, the energy is dissipated through the metal, the energy density in the smoke is reduced, the energy distribution near a window is changed, the energy which should be radiated upwards is diffused all around more quickly, and the purpose of limiting the spread of the fire is achieved.

Furthermore, the metal fireproof cornice flat plate 1 is connected with an external building wall through expansion screws and metal supports and is positioned at the position of 0.05-0.2 m of the upper eave of the door and window.

Further, the aperture of the metal orifice plate 4 is sequentially reduced along the flow direction of the flue gas. Along the flowing direction of the flue gas, the aperture can be gradually reduced, but the aperture cannot be too dense, so that the flue gas is accumulated and detoured. Because whole metal component all takes place heat conduction and heat dissipation phenomenon, so the heat energy of flue gas is by this back-fire relief device whole absorption and dissipation, does not have flame can break through layer upon layer and hinders, reaches the purpose of comprehensive back-fire relief.

Further, the thicknesses of the metal fireproof cornice flat plate 1, the first metal fireproof suspended wall 2, the second metal fireproof suspended wall 3 and the plurality of metal hole plates 4 are between 0.1 cm and 2.0 cm.

Further, the metal orifice plate 4 may also be a metal mesh.

Further, the height of each metal orifice plate 4 is greater than or equal to 0.1 meter.

Further, the utility model discloses a success key is that metal orifice plate 4's flow resistance is enough little, if the mesh is too little, perhaps the mesh is too little, leads to flow resistance too big, can let flame walk around the orifice plate, and the orifice plate can greatly reduced to the heat absorption dissipation effect of high temperature flue gas so to reduced the heat absorption effect of orifice plate. In order to improve the use effect of the metal baffle, the two sides of the metal baffle are limited and guided by the vertical walls made of non-combustible materials, all the smoke passes through the metal pore plate 4, and after the metal pore plate 4 is heated, the smoke can radiate and radiate to the environment to form a local dissipation structure, so that the local accumulation of smoke energy is avoided. If the fuel load of the protected object is high, the duration of fire is long, and one layer of pore plate is possibly not enough to absorb all energy, then a plurality of metal pore plates 4 or heat conducting fins can be added below the fireproof cornice flat plate, so that the heat absorption and dissipation effects can be exerted, the high heat conductivity of metal is utilized, the energy in the smoke is transferred to the whole metal structure, the environment is radiated through convection and radiation, and the temperature of the discharged smoke is reduced. After the first-stage entrainment, the temperature of combustible gas in the flue gas is reduced and the combustible gas is not combustible, so that the energy control of the flue gas is realized.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 2, another embodiment is that if the building is already provided with a fireproof cornice, a first metal fireproof hanging wall 2 and a second metal fireproof hanging wall 3 can be respectively arranged on the lower surface of the existing external fireproof cornice flat plate 5 parallel to the smoke flowing direction on two sides, and a plurality of metal pore plates 4 or metal meshes are arranged between the first metal fireproof hanging wall 2 and the second metal fireproof hanging wall 3 and perpendicular to the smoke flowing direction. The process of making the flue gas through fire prevention cornice will maintain the energy of burning and dissipate through the heat conduction effect of metal orifice plate 4, and the flue gas passes through promptly, but the energy is left, reaches the purpose of combustible region restriction in certain extent to through metal dissipation energy, thereby reduce the energy density in the flue gas, changed the energy distribution near the window, make should upward the energy of radiation more fast to spread all around, reach the purpose that the restriction intensity of a fire spreads.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, the changes still fall within the scope of the present invention if they fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fireproof cornice is characterized by comprising a metal fireproof cornice flat plate, a first metal fireproof vertical wall, a second metal fireproof vertical wall and a plurality of metal hole plates; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

2. The fireproof cornice according to claim 1, wherein the metal fireproof cornice flat plate is connected with an external building wall through expansion screws and metal brackets and is positioned at the position of 0.05-0.2 m of the upper edge of a door and a window.

3. A fire protection cornice according to claim 1, wherein the aperture of the metal aperture plate decreases in sequence along the direction of flow of the flue gas.

4. The fire protection cornice of claim 1 wherein the thickness of the metal fire protection cornice plate, the first metal fire protection flap, the second metal fire protection flap and the plurality of metal apertures is between 0.1 cm and 2.0 cm.

5. A fire protection cornice according to claim 1, wherein the metal perforated plate may also be a metal mesh.

6. A fire protection cornice according to claim 1 wherein the height of each of the perforated metal sheets is greater than or equal to 0.1 m.