CN210140557U

CN210140557U - Device for ultrasonic action

Info

Publication number: CN210140557U
Application number: CN201920806793.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 苟泽浩; 张达峰; 孙赟硕; 齐杰; 崔建伟; 连喜增; 王凯; 毛金柱; 孟军; 戴琴荣
Original assignee: Qingdao Besso Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Qingdao Besso Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-05-31
Filing date: 2019-05-31
Publication date: 2020-03-13
Anticipated expiration: 2029-05-31

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the petrochemical of using ultrasonic wave, concretely relates to device of ultrasonic wave effect, including the active area of middle thin two thick dumbbell type pipeline formula structure, the active area both ends of pipeline formula structure set up two ultrasonic transducer, and the transducer sets up cooling jacket, transducer and supersonic generator communication, and supersonic generator can carry out DCS centralized control. The two ultrasonic transducers generate parallel correlation ultrasonic waves and pipeline reflection ultrasonic waves to form an ultrasonic action mode of interweaving and mixing the parallel correlation ultrasonic waves and the pipeline reflection ultrasonic waves. The utility model overcomes the defect among the prior art, easily produce standing wave field effect and the unlimited effect that extends of ultrasonic wave, the pipeline formula structure can realize that the ultrasonic wave is long period continuity production in industrial production and use, and easy to carry out is applicable to the ultrasonic occasion of petroleum and petrochemical industry application.

Description

Device for ultrasonic action

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a device of ultrasonic wave effect belongs to the petrochemical technical field who uses ultrasonic wave.

Background

The application of ultrasonic wave in industrial production is more and more extensive, in the demulsification of oil water emulsion, crude oil electric desalination, difficult degradation waste water treatment, mud minimizing treatment, utilize the energy effect of ultrasonic wave can produce some unique effect effects, how to realize the engineering application of ultrasonic wave in industrial production, realize ideal ultrasonic action effect, it is the key of solving ultrasonic engineering application problem to provide a device of efficient ultrasonic action, the device of ultrasonic action superposes the ultrasonic wave that ultrasonic transducer launches into the ultrasonic wave of a comparatively even standing wave field and is the target that technical staff pursues.

The prior art is as follows: CN 03139172.9-method and device for demulsifying oil-water emulsion by combined action of forward flow and countercurrent ultrasonic waves, and CN 03253324.1-device for demulsifying oil-water emulsion disclose an action mode of ultrasonic waves with combined action of forward flow and countercurrent waves, and have the defects that only uniform forward flow and countercurrent opposite emission is generated, a single form of ultrasonic waves without focusing and superposition is generated, the utilization rate of the ultrasonic waves is low, and the action effect is not ideal.

The prior art is as follows: CN 201210213810.6-a petrochemical biological sludge reduction method and a treatment device thereof, CN 201310497035.6-a treatment device of refractory wastewater and a wastewater treatment method thereof, and CN201410528591. X-a chemical sludge stabilization method and a treatment device thereof, and discloses an action mode of reflection focusing ultrasonic waves of a calabash-shaped transducer of a correlation bellows action device, which has the defects that only single-form ultrasonic waves of reflection focusing are generated, the utilization rate of the ultrasonic waves is low, and the action effect is not ideal.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

According to the not enough among the above prior art, the utility model discloses an overcome the defect that only provides the ultrasonic wave effect form of single form among the prior art, provide an ultrasonic wave effect's device, provide the ultrasonic wave of the mixed action form of a parallel correlation ultrasonic wave and pipeline reflection ultrasonic wave, realize the mode of action of the ultrasonic wave of even and inhomogeneous mixed form. The pipeline type structure can realize long-period continuous production of ultrasonic waves in industrial production, is easy to implement industrialization and engineering of the ultrasonic waves, is suitable for occasions where the ultrasonic waves are applied in industry, and is particularly suitable for occasions where the ultrasonic waves are applied in petroleum and petrochemical industry.

Ultrasonic wave effect device, including the active region of middle thin two thick dumbbell type pipeline formula structure, the active region both ends of pipeline formula structure set up two ultrasonic transducer.

The two ultrasonic transducers generate parallel correlation ultrasonic waves with the same frequency, the same vibration direction and opposite propagation directions, and standing wave field effect is easily generated by superposition of the parallel correlation ultrasonic waves; the pipeline reflection ultrasonic wave is generated by two ultrasonic transducers and is reflected by a pipeline type structure of an action area, and the pipeline reflection ultrasonic wave generates an infinite extension effect without dead angle coverage in a pipeline area; the ultrasonic wave action device forms an ultrasonic wave action mode of interweaving and mixing parallel opposite-transmitting ultrasonic waves and pipeline reflection ultrasonic waves.

The action area of the dumbbell-shaped pipeline type structure comprises large-diameter straight pipe sections at two ends and a small-diameter straight pipe section in the middle, and the large-diameter straight pipe section and the small-diameter straight pipe section are connected through a transition inclined pipe; ultrasonic transducer is loudspeaker type, and the transmitting surface is the circular plane, and two ultrasonic transducer's transmitting surface axial is concentric, and is parallel to each other, and subtend setting, transmitting surface and pipeline formula structure's the axis of action area are perpendicular, and the diameter of two ultrasonic transducer's transmitting surface is greater than the diameter of minor diameter straight tube section for the ultrasonic wave that ultrasonic transducer sent can be formed the pipeline reflection ultrasonic wave by the reflection of transition pipe chute. The action area of the dumbbell-shaped pipeline type structure is in a symmetrical structure by taking a perpendicular bisector of the central axis thereof as a symmetrical axis.

The large-diameter straight pipe sections at the two ends are respectively provided with a material inlet and a material outlet, and the generated pipeline reflection ultrasonic waves can be extended and transmitted along the material inlet and the material outlet, so that the action interval of the ultrasonic waves is extended.

The ultrasonic transducer is provided with a cooling liquid jacket and a display control loop.

The cooling liquid jacket is internally provided with cooling liquid which is in a circulating water cooling mode or a heat dissipation type non-circulating cooling mode; the display control loop is connected and communicated with the ultrasonic generator, the ultrasonic generator is arranged in the explosion-proof cabinet, the industrial production field can use the ultrasonic generator conveniently, the ultrasonic generator is suitable for being installed in the petrochemical production field, and the ultrasonic transducer displays and controls the ultrasonic generator.

The ultrasonic generator is connected with the control unit, and the control unit realizes centralized control. The control mode can be DCS centralized control by communication of a centralized controller, or PLC communication control is adopted, or field manual control is carried out, and the preferable control mode is DCS centralized control.

The ultrasonic transducer is a magnetostrictive transducer or a piezoelectric ceramic transducer.

The sound intensity of the ultrasonic wave generated by the ultrasonic transducer is 0.03-10 w/cm². The optimal ultrasonic sound intensity requirements for different purposes are notMeanwhile, the optimal sound intensity of the ultrasonic electric desalting is 0.04-0.25w/cm²The optimal sound intensity of the ultrasonic wave electric desalting tank for preventing the siltation is 0.02-0.20w/cm²The optimal sound intensity for the ultrasonic high water content sump oil treatment is 0.50-5.00w/cm²The optimal sound intensity for treating the ultrasonic refractory wastewater is 1.00-3.00w/cm²The optimal sound intensity of ultrasonic sludge reduction is 2.00-8.00w/cm²。

The ultrasonic transducer and the action device of the ultrasonic wave need to be selected and matched, and the matching condition meets the condition requirement of the ultrasonic wave sound intensity.

The frequency of the ultrasonic wave generated by the ultrasonic transducer is 10 kHz-200 kHz, and the optimal frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 15-100 kHz.

The ultrasonic action device is in the form of a tubular structure.

The device for ultrasonic action is provided with ultrasonic transducers with two symmetrical ends.

The device under the action of the ultrasonic waves is connected with the front-stage and rear-stage material processing systems in a conventional pipeline connection mode.

The means for ultrasonic action may be arranged to act individually, or in series, or in parallel, or in series and parallel.

The means of ultrasonic action may be batch action or continuous action.

The large-diameter straight pipe section is processed and manufactured by adopting a three-way pipe, the small-diameter straight pipe section is processed and manufactured by adopting a straight pipe pipeline, and the transition inclined pipe is processed and manufactured by adopting a concentric reducing reducer or a thick-wall pipe fitting. Preferably, the pipe fitting meets the requirement of consistency and is machined and manufactured by a thick-wall pipe fitting.

The ultrasonic transducer converts electric energy into mechanical energy of ultrasonic waves, parallel-propagating opposite downstream ultrasonic waves and opposite upstream ultrasonic waves emitted by an emitting surface of the ultrasonic transducer are formed parallel opposite ultrasonic waves, the sound velocity of the ultrasonic waves changes along with the change of material medium composition, the wavelength of the ultrasonic waves changes, when the condition that the integral multiple of half wavelength is equal to the distance between the downstream emitting surface and the opposite emitting surface (namely two emitting surfaces of the ultrasonic transducer) is met, standing waves can be generated by superposition of the emitted waves and the reflected waves and the downstream waves and the opposite upstream waves, the energy of the superposed ultrasonic waves is maximum, the amplitude is maximum, potential energy and kinetic energy are converted between an antinode and a node, the ultrasonic energy is not propagated, the energy consumption is minimum, and the action effect is maximum. Suppose that: the distance L between the transmitting surfaces of the two ultrasonic transducers is a fixed value, u is a variable value of the propagation sound velocity of ultrasonic waves in a certain material composition at a moment, and the frequency f of the ultrasonic waves is a fixed value; then: the wavelength lambda of the ultrasonic wave is changed along with the change of the composition of the material medium, and the lambda is u/f, parameters such as the temperature of the material are changed, so that the change of lambda/2 can always meet the condition of L being n (lambda/2), wherein n is 1, 2, 3 … …, namely n is an integer; as a result: and when the L is equal to the integral multiple of the half wavelength, the ultrasonic standing wave condition can be met.

The ultrasonic wave of parallel correlation propagation that the emitting surface of horn shape disc transmitted, along with the change of material medium composition, the sound velocity of the ultrasonic wave of propagation can change, and the wavelength of ultrasonic wave will change along with it, when satisfying half wavelength's integral multiple and equals the distance of correlation disc, emitting wave, reflected wave, correlation wave, the reflected wave of correlation wave can superpose simultaneously and produce the standing wave.

When the included angle between the inclined plane of the transition inclined pipe and the straight pipe section is less than 45 degrees, the pipeline reflects ultrasonic waves to pass through the small-diameter straight pipe section and infinitely extend along the material inlet pipeline and the material outlet pipeline, and no dead angle is covered in a fluid area; when the included angle is more than 45 degrees, the pipeline reflects ultrasonic waves and propagates in a closed loop in the large-diameter straight pipe section, the ultrasonic waves extend infinitely along the material inlet pipeline and the material outlet pipeline, and a fluid area is not covered by a dead angle; when the included angle is equal to 45 degrees, the ultrasonic waves reflected by the inclined surface are only transmitted in a closed loop in the straight pipe section with the large diameter, and the double standing wave phenomenon can be formed in the action area.

When the included angle between the inclined plane of the transition inclined tube and the straight tube section is equal to 45 degrees:

the ultrasonic action device only generates uniform ultrasonic waves with the same frequency, the same vibration direction and opposite propagation directions. The ultrasonic waves reflected by the inclined surface are transmitted in a closed loop only in the large-diameter straight pipe section, the ultrasonic waves reflected by the inclined surface form another uniform ultrasonic wave with equal wave path difference, same frequency, same vibration direction and opposite transmission direction, and can form vertical interlaced ultrasonic waves with uniform opposite concurrent ultrasonic waves and reverse ultrasonic waves passing through the small-diameter straight pipe section.

When the included angle between the inclined plane of the transition inclined pipe and the straight pipe section is equal to 45 degrees, the ultrasonic wave action area can generate downstream ultrasonic waves and upstream ultrasonic waves emitted by the circular emitting surface to form uniform ultrasonic waves with the same frequency, the same vibration direction and the opposite propagation direction, and also generate uniform ultrasonic waves with the same frequency, the same vibration direction and the opposite propagation direction reflected by the inclined plane, along with the change of the composition of the feeding medium, the ultrasonic wave action area can generate two ultrasonic standing wave fields with different wave path differences at different moments, thereby increasing the generation probability of the ultrasonic standing wave fields and improving the effect of the ultrasonic wave action, the device with the ultrasonic action is suitable for occasions of ultrasonic electric desalting and demulsifying, saves the energy consumption of ultrasonic waves, can completely replace the action of a chemical demulsifying agent under the action of the ultrasonic waves, and achieves the effects of reducing the water content of salt after desalting and improving the quality of electric desalting drainage water.

When the included angle between the inclined surface of the transition inclined pipe and the straight pipe section is not equal to 45 degrees:

the part of the downstream ultrasonic wave and the upstream ultrasonic wave in the small-diameter straight pipe section area form uniform ultrasonic waves with the same frequency, the same vibration direction and the opposite propagation direction, the part of the downstream ultrasonic wave and the upstream ultrasonic wave reflected by the inclined surface of the transition inclined pipe repeatedly change the propagation direction after being reflected by the pipeline to form interwoven non-uniform ultrasonic waves with the non-uniform ultrasonic wave propagation direction, and form an ultrasonic wave action mode of mixing the uniform ultrasonic wave and the non-uniform ultrasonic wave, the ultrasonic wave action modes are mutually interwoven, the focusing of the ultrasonic wave is prevented, and the effect of the ultrasonic wave action is improved, the ultrasonic wave action device is suitable for occasions of ultrasonic wave preventing the oil sludge siltation of the electric desalting tank, is also suitable for the occasions of ultrasonic wave processing the dirty oil, can realize the 3-4-year long-period continuous production, and the electric desalting tank does not perform abnormal shutdown to clean the, can realize the effective separation of oil-water residues of high-water-content dirty oil.

When the included angle between the inclined plane of the transition inclined pipe and the straight pipe section is not equal to 45 degrees, the forward flow ultrasonic wave and the reverse flow ultrasonic wave of the part reflected by the inclined plane with the variable diameter under the action of the ultrasonic wave are reflected by the pipeline and then repeatedly change the propagation direction, finally enter the material inlet and the material outlet, pass through the material inlet and the material outlet pipeline, extend and propagate along the material inlet and the material outlet pipeline, extend infinitely far towards the material inlet and the material outlet pipeline until the attenuation of the ultrasonic wave disappears, and extend the action interval of the ultrasonic wave. In the case of water and crude oil at higher temperatures, the absorption and attenuation of ultrasonic waves are less, and this can achieve the effect of extending the action range of ultrasonic waves to infinity.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model beneficial effect who has is:

① compared with the prior art, the utility model overcomes the defect of the prior art that only single form ultrasonic wave is provided, and provides an ultrasonic wave action form of the mixture of uniform co-current and counter-current convection and non-uniform pipeline reflection.

② compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses along with the change of material composition or parameter, can realize the standing wave field effect of ultrasonic wave, reach the ultrasonic wave application effect that the energy consumption is minimum, the effect is best.

③ compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses realize the ultrasonic wave of even and non-homogeneous mixing form's mode of action, can realize that ultrasonic wave does not have the dead angle and propagate, extend along advancing, going out material pipeline ultrasonic wave and propagate, extended ultrasonic wave's effect interval.

④ compare with current technique, pipeline formula structure can realize the long period continuity production of ultrasonic wave in industrial production, easily carry out ultrasonic industrialization, engineering implementation, can use at ultrasonic industrial application occasion, be particularly useful for the ultrasonic occasion of petroleum and petrochemical industry application.

⑤ compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses implement in solving the production technical problem of petrochemical refinery electric desalting jar siltation, having satisfied the long period production of 3-4 years 1 overhaul of present petrochemical refinery and having not shut down the production requirement of removing the fatlute siltation to the electric desalting jar, avoided the production problem that the fatlute siltation of electric desalting jar bottom need abnormal shut down to carry out 1 time of 1 year and clear away the fatlute siltation, saved the expense of a large amount of electric desalting jar fatlute desilting expenses and outsourcing sludge treatment.

⑥ compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses implement in petrochemical refinery electricity desalination production, reduced back flush operation frequency under the normal conditions, also saved the operating cost of back flush, reduced sewage treatment cost, reduced the oil refining loss.

⑦ compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses implement in petrochemical refinery electrical desalting production, replaced the chemical demulsifier completely, reduced the COD value of electrical desalting drainage, improved the BOD value of electrical desalting drainage, improved the biodegradability ability of electrical desalting drainage, reduced the sewage treatment cost.

⑧ compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses implement in petrochemical refinery electric desalting production, guaranteed the steady long excellent normal production of electric desalting, improved the electric desalting effect, produced direct economic benefits and potential indirect economic benefits.

⑨ compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses implement in petrochemical refinery electric desalting production, the DCS concentrates the program control means advanced, and reasonable in process, the device accessible pipeline of ultrasonic wave effect inserts the electric desalting system, easily realizes, convenient and reliable.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the wave path difference of two standing wave fields when the included angle between the transition inclined tube and the straight tube section is equal to 45 degrees;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the interlaced propagation of the uniform parallel-shot ultrasonic waves and the non-uniform pipe reflection ultrasonic waves when the included angle between the transition inclined pipe and the straight pipe section of the present invention is less than 45 °;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the present invention, in which the included angle between the transition inclined tube and the straight tube section is less than 45 degrees;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the present invention, in which the included angle between the transition inclined tube and the straight tube section is less than 45 degrees;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a standing wave field when an included angle between a transition inclined pipe and a straight pipe section machined by a thick-wall pipe fitting of the present invention is equal to 45 degrees;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a standing wave field when an included angle between a transition inclined pipe with concentric reducing reducer and a straight pipe section is equal to 45 degrees;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the interlaced propagation of uniform parallel-transmitted ultrasonic waves and non-uniform pipe-reflected ultrasonic waves when the included angle between the transition inclined pipe and the straight pipe section of the present invention is greater than 45 °;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the cross-propagation of parallel correlation ultrasonic waves and non-uniform pipe reflection ultrasonic waves, in which the included angle between the transition inclined pipe and the straight pipe section is greater than 45 degrees, in the thick-wall pipe machining of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic view of the connection relationship for preventing sludge deposition in the electric desalting tank according to the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic view of the connection relationship between the four stages of the series connection of the present invention for the treatment of the dirty oil.

In the figure: 1. a large diameter straight tube section; 2. a material inlet; 3. a transition inclined tube; 4. a small diameter straight tube section; 5. a material outlet; 6. an ultrasonic transducer; 7. a coolant jacket; 8. a display control loop; 9. the non-uniform pipe reflects the ultrasonic wave; 10. uniform parallel correlation ultrasonic waves; 11. standing wave shape; 12. means for ultrasonic action; 13. an explosion-proof cabinet; 14. a control unit; 15. an electric desalting tank; 16. a crude oil output pipeline; 17. a mixing valve; 18. a static mixer; 19. a crude oil input pipeline; 20. a controller; 21. a material switch valve; 22. a settling tank; 23. a dirty oil input pipeline; 24. a sulfur-containing sewage input pipeline; 25. an on-off valve; 26. a delivery pump; 27. a pressure measurement and control device; 28. a flow measurement and control device.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the following examples:

example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the ultrasonic wave action device of this embodiment includes an action region of a dumbbell-shaped pipeline structure with a thin middle and two thick ends, the action region of the dumbbell-shaped pipeline structure includes a large-diameter straight pipe section 1 at two ends and a small-diameter straight pipe section 4 in the middle, and the large-diameter straight pipe section 1 and the small-diameter straight pipe section 4 are connected by a transition inclined pipe 3; the large-diameter straight pipe sections 1 at the two ends are respectively provided with a material inlet 2 and a material outlet 5; the large-diameter straight pipe section 1 and the material inlet 2 adopt three-way pipes, the other large-diameter straight pipe section 1 and the material outlet 5 adopt three-way pipes with equal specifications, the middle small-diameter straight pipe section 4 adopts a straight pipe pipeline, and the transition inclined pipe 3 adopts concentric reducing reducer heads.

Two identical ultrasonic transducers 6 are arranged at two ends of an action area of the dumbbell-shaped pipeline structure, the ultrasonic transducers 6 are horn-shaped, emitting surfaces of the ultrasonic transducers 6 are circular planes, the emitting surfaces of the two ultrasonic transducers 6 are axially concentric, are parallel to each other and are arranged oppositely, and the emitting surfaces are vertical to a central axis of the action area of the pipeline structure; the two ultrasonic transducers 6 generate parallel opposite-transmitting ultrasonic waves 10 with the same frequency, the same vibration direction and the opposite propagation direction, the ultrasonic waves generated by the two ultrasonic transducers 6 and reflected by the pipeline type structure in the action area are pipeline reflection ultrasonic waves 9, and the action area of the ultrasonic waves forms a mixed action mode of the parallel opposite-transmitting ultrasonic waves 10 and the pipeline reflection ultrasonic waves 9.

The emitting faces of the two ultrasonic transducers 6 have a diameter larger than the diameter of the small diameter straight tube section 4.

The action area of the dumbbell-shaped pipeline type structure is in a symmetrical structure by taking a perpendicular bisector of the central axis thereof as a symmetrical axis.

The manufacturing steps are as follows: the three-way pipe with the material inlet 2 is welded with a concentric reducing reducer, then welded with a small-diameter straight pipe section, then welded with a concentric reducer with the same specification, finally welded with a three-way pipe with the same specification and a material outlet 5, a flange is welded at the pipe orifice, and the manufacture of the pipeline of the action area is finished, set up the small flange hole of installation transducer on the blind flange at action zone pipeline both ends, the horn type ultrasonic transducer at action zone pipeline both ends adopts the mode access that the flange compressed tightly, it is sealed, the transducer is formed by having the transducer of coolant liquid jacket 7 and display control circuit 8's action zone outside and the inside transducer two parts combination of horn type, coupling part carries out threaded connection through screw thread and couplant, the depth of parallelism and design machining precision are guaranteed to the welding process, guarantee the concentricity of two transducers during the installation, guarantee the straightness that hangs down of transducer plane and action zone pipeline axle center.

In this embodiment, a large-diameter straight pipe section with an inner diameter of 500 mm may be adopted, and a magnetostrictive transducer is adopted, where ultrasonic waves emitted by the magnetostrictive transducer may reach a single-head emitted electric power of 5000w, and the frequency of the ultrasonic waves is 10kHz to 200 kHz. The double-head transmitting power is 10000w, and the maximum sound intensity can reach 5.00w/cm². The ultrasonic wave emission stability is good, the service life of the equipment is long, the performance is stable, and the ultrasonic wave emission device can be used for more than 10 years for a long period.

In this embodiment, a large-diameter straight pipe section with an inner diameter of 500 mm may be adopted, and a piezoelectric ceramic transducer may also be adopted, where the ultrasonic wave emitted by the piezoelectric ceramic transducer may reach a single-head transmitted electric power of 10000w, and the frequency of the ultrasonic wave is 10 kHz-200 kHz. The double-head transmitting power is 20000w, and the maximum sound intensity can reach 10.00w/cm². Due to the thermal stability of the piezoelectric ceramic, the ultrasonic wave emission stability is poor, the service life of equipment is short, the performance is unstable, and the intermittent production can be carried out.

The ultrasonic transducer 6 is provided with a cooling liquid jacket 7 and a display control circuit 8.

The cooling liquid jacket 7 is internally provided with cooling liquid which is in a circulating water cooling mode.

The display control loop 8 is connected and communicated with an ultrasonic generator which is arranged in the explosion-proof cabinet 13.

The ultrasonic generator and the DCS centralized controller are communicated to realize centralized control, or PLC communication control is adopted, or field manual control is carried out, and DCS centralized control is adopted in the embodiment.

The ultrasonic-acting device of this embodiment may be coupled into the pipeline by a flanged connection, or by any other means known to those skilled in the art of manufacturing.

The ultrasonic action apparatus of the present embodiment can be operated at normal temperature and normal pressure, and can also be operated at high temperature and high pressure.

The action zone of the dumbbell-shaped pipe type structure of the ultrasonic action device of the embodiment can be manufactured by using a standard pipe fitting sold in the market, and can also be manufactured by designing and processing a blank pipe mold for manufacturing a special pipe fitting according to technical requirements of different application occasions, such as fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 7 and fig. 8.

The device of ultrasonic action of this embodiment, the inner structure of ultrasonic wave action zone pipeline, in order to guarantee the uniformity requirement, prevent the condition of the diffuse reflection of ultrasonic wave, scattering, smooth finish and the machining precision inside the action zone can adopt thick wall pipe machining back welding to satisfy the requirement.

The ultrasonic action device of this embodiment, the inner structure of ultrasonic action district pipeline, the contained angle of pipe chute in order to satisfy the uniformity requirement, can adopt the concentric reducing reducer of thick-walled pipe preparation to carry out the machine tooling and satisfy the requirement, as shown in fig. 5, 6, 9.

The ultrasonic wave action device of the embodiment is easy to implement, reasonable in structure and simple and convenient to manufacture and install, and can realize mixed ultrasonic waves of parallel correlation uniform ultrasonic waves and inclined plane reflection nonuniform ultrasonic waves in an interweaving mode.

The ultrasonic wave action device of the embodiment can always realize ideal standing wave field ultrasonic waves and mixed reverberation field ultrasonic waves of the inclined tube reflected non-uniform ultrasonic waves by changing the temperature and other parameters of materials along with the change of the composition of the mixture when processing the heterogeneous mixture at a certain moment, has good ultrasonic wave action effect, and can partially realize the ultrasonic wave action effect that the standing wave field energy is not lost, the energy is not transmitted, the amplitude is maximum, and the kinetic energy and the potential energy are converted between an antinode and a node. The non-uniform interweaving ultrasonic waves reflected by the inclined tube can achieve the effect that the ultrasonic waves act in the action area without dead angles.

Example 2

In the ultrasonic action apparatus of this embodiment, the tube bevel angle is less than 45 °.

As shown in fig. 1, 3, 4, and 5, the ultrasonic wave action apparatus of this embodiment includes an action region of a dumbbell-shaped pipeline structure with a thin middle and two thick ends, two ultrasonic transducers 6 are disposed at two ends of the action region of the dumbbell-shaped pipeline structure, emission surfaces of the two ultrasonic transducers 6 are axially concentric, parallel to each other, and disposed opposite to each other, and the emission surfaces are perpendicular to a central axis of the action region of the pipeline structure; the two ultrasonic transducers 6 generate parallel opposite-transmitting ultrasonic waves 10 with the same frequency, the same vibration direction and the opposite propagation direction, the ultrasonic waves generated by the two ultrasonic transducers 6 and reflected by the pipeline type structure in the action area are pipeline reflection ultrasonic waves 9, and the action area of the ultrasonic waves forms a mixed action mode of the parallel opposite-transmitting ultrasonic waves 10 and the pipeline reflection ultrasonic waves 9.

The action area of the dumbbell-shaped pipeline type structure comprises large-diameter straight pipe sections 1 at two ends and small-diameter straight pipe sections 4 in the middle, the large-diameter straight pipe sections 1 and the small-diameter straight pipe sections 4 are connected through transition inclined pipes 3, and the included angle between the transition inclined pipes 3 and the straight pipe sections is smaller than 45 degrees; the diameters of the emitting surfaces of the two ultrasonic transducers 6 are larger than that of the small-diameter straight pipe section 4, and the action area of the dumbbell-shaped pipeline structure is in a symmetrical structure by taking a perpendicular bisector of the central axis thereof as a symmetrical axis.

The large-diameter straight pipe sections 1 at the two ends are respectively provided with a material inlet 2 and a material outlet 5.

As shown in fig. 1, 3, 4 and 5, when the included angle between the transition inclined tube 3 and the straight tube section is less than 45 degrees, the ultrasonic wave is transmitted as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic transducer 6 is reflected by the inclined surface of the transition inclined tube 3, then reflected by the middle small-diameter straight tube section 4, passes through the middle small-diameter straight tube section 4, reaches the other large-diameter straight tube section 1, is reflected by the emitting surface of the ultrasonic transducer 6 arranged oppositely, finally enters the material inlet 2 and the material outlet 5, passes through the material inlet pipeline and the material outlet pipeline, is transmitted along the material inlet pipeline and the material outlet pipeline, and extends to the material inlet pipeline and the material outlet pipeline infinitely far until the ultrasonic wave attenuation disappears, and extends the action interval of the ultrasonic wave. In the case of water and crude oil at higher temperatures, the absorption and attenuation of ultrasonic waves are less, and this can achieve the effect of extending the action range of ultrasonic waves to infinity.

To the comparatively even heterogeneous mixture that oil water mixture, high water-containing sump oil mixture, two kinds or more than two kinds of substances such as petrochemical industry sump oil mud mix, ultrasonic transducer 6 correlation passes through the even ultrasonic wave of the fixed distance of minor diameter straight tube section 4, because the medium composition that constantly changes, can make ultrasonic wave propagation velocity constantly change, under the certain condition of ultrasonic frequency, the wavelength constantly changes along with the medium composition, when satisfying the distance between the integral multiple of half wavelength equals two ultrasonic transducer 6 transmitting surfaces, the standing wave field effect of ultrasonic wave appears from time to time.

The single-component medium can change the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves along with the changes of temperature, pressure and density and can also generate a standing wave field. The effect of the standing wave field for the clean water test at normal temperature is shown as the standing wave waveform 11 detected in fig. 1.

The standing wave field is an ideal ultrasonic wave beneficial effect for applying ultrasonic waves to industrial production by a person skilled in the field of acoustics.

The ultrasonic superposition of the standing wave field enables the combined amplitude of the ultrasonic superposition to be maximum and the energy to be maximum, energy transmission is not carried out, and the energy of the ultrasonic is converted into potential energy and kinetic energy between an antinode and a node.

The ultrasonic wave action device of the embodiment is provided with a transducer, and opposite ultrasonic waves, forward ultrasonic waves, opposite ultrasonic waves, forward reflected ultrasonic waves and opposite reflected ultrasonic waves are simultaneously superposed to form an ideal action area for superposing a plurality of ultrasonic waves, so that the maximization of ultrasonic energy can be realized, and parallel opposite ultrasonic waves 10 are reflected by the transition inclined tube 3 to generate non-uniform pipeline reflection ultrasonic waves 9, so that a mixed action mode of the parallel opposite ultrasonic waves 10 and the pipeline reflection ultrasonic waves 9 is formed. Therefore, in the large-scale industrial production test, the ultrasonic action device of the embodiment has the advantages of low energy consumption and obvious effect.

Taking practical application as an example, 1300 million tons/year of crude oil processed by a certain plant and the treatment capacity of 1200 tons/h, the ultrasonic action device test of the embodiment is applied, 8 ultrasonic action devices have the sound intensity of 0.03-0.25w/cm²The frequency is 20000Hz, the crude oil is divided into 2 stages, 4 crude oil stages are connected in series, the crude oil passes through a device under the action of ultrasonic waves before reaching the electric desalting tank, the device under the action of the ultrasonic waves consumes about 0.3 degree/h of electric power consumption, the total power consumption is about 2.4 degrees/h, and the test result shows that: implementation of the originalThe intelligent, automatic of oil electric desalting production has improved the electric desalting effect, has reduced and has taken off back crude oil and contain the salt, has improved electric desalting drainage quality of water, has improved the biodegradability ability of electric desalting drainage, has avoided the unusual shutdown operation of once clearing away the fatlute of electric desalting jar siltation every year in the electric desalting production, has reached the experimental effect of the ideal that prevents electric desalting jar fatlute siltation, and the energy consumption is less, and beneficial effect is showing. And the use of a large amount of demulsifiers is avoided, so that the production cost is high, the demulsifiers are converted into pollutants to cause direct damage to the environment, the sewage treatment difficulty is increased, the discharge index is influenced, and remarkable direct economic benefit and environmental benefit can be generated.

Example 3

The included angle between the transition inclined tube 3 and the straight tube section is more than 45 degrees, and other structures of the device under the action of ultrasonic waves are the same as those of the embodiment 2.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, when the included angle between the transition inclined tube 3 and the straight tube section is greater than 45 degrees, the propagation of ultrasonic waves is as shown in fig. 8 and 9, after the ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic transducer 6 are reflected by the transition inclined tube 3, the ultrasonic waves return to the large-diameter straight tube section 1 without passing through the middle small-diameter straight tube section 4 and reaching the large-diameter straight tube section 1 at the other end, are reflected by the wall of the large-diameter straight tube section 1 at one side, finally enter the inlet pipeline or the outlet pipeline through the material inlet 2 and the material outlet 5, and extend to the infinite distance of the inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline through the material inlet pipeline and the material outlet pipeline until the attenuation of the ultrasonic waves disappears. In the case of water and crude oil at higher temperatures, the absorption and attenuation of ultrasonic waves are less, which has the advantage that the action range of ultrasonic waves extends to infinity.

To the comparatively even heterogeneous mixture that oil water mixture, high water-containing sump oil mixture, two kinds or more than two kinds of materials such as petrochemical industry sump oil mud mix, the transducer is to penetrating the even ultrasonic wave through the fixed distance of minor diameter straight tube section, the medium composition that constantly changes, can make the propagation velocity of ultrasonic wave constantly change, under the certain condition of ultrasonic frequency, the wavelength constantly changes along with the medium composition, when satisfying the distance between the integral multiple of half wavelength equals two ultrasonic transducer 6 transmitting surfaces, ultrasonic field effect standing wave appears occasionally.

The single-component medium can change the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves along with the changes of temperature, pressure and density and can also generate a standing wave field.

The ultrasonic wave action device of the embodiment is used for simultaneously superposing a plurality of ultrasonic waves by an arranged transducer, oppositely-reflected ultrasonic waves, forward ultrasonic waves, oppositely-reflected ultrasonic waves and oppositely-reflected uniform parallel oppositely-reflected ultrasonic waves 10 easily to generate a standing wave field, so that an ideal action area for superposing the ultrasonic waves is formed, the maximization of the ultrasonic energy can be realized, and the oppositely-reflected ultrasonic waves are reflected by the transition inclined tube 3 to generate non-uniform pipeline reflection ultrasonic waves 9 to form a mixed action mode of the parallel oppositely-reflected ultrasonic waves 10 and the pipeline reflection ultrasonic waves 9. Therefore, under the condition that the included angle of the inclined tube is larger than 45 degrees, the ultrasonic acting device of the embodiment has small energy consumption of ultrasonic waves and obvious effect in large-scale industrial production tests.

Example 4

The included angle between the transition inclined tube 3 and the straight tube section is equal to 45 degrees, and other structures of the device under the action of ultrasonic waves are the same as those of the embodiment 2.

As shown in fig. 2, 6 and 7, when the included angle between the inclined transition pipe 3 and the straight pipe section is equal to 45 °, the ultrasonic wave transmitted by the transducer is reflected by the inclined surface 45 ° of the inclined transition pipe 3, and then returns to the straight pipe section 1 with large diameter without passing through the straight pipe section 4 with small diameter in the middle and reaching the straight pipe section 1 with large diameter at the other end, and without being reflected by the pipe wall of the straight pipe section 1 with large diameter, and the ultrasonic wave is transmitted by the transmitting surface of the ultrasonic transducer 6, reflected by the inclined surface 45 ° of the inclined transition pipe 3, reflected by the transmitting surface 0 ° of the ultrasonic transducer 6, and finally reflected back to the transmitting point, and no ultrasonic wave is transmitted from the inlet pipeline or the outlet pipeline. Compared with an ultrasonic action area pipeline with the same diameter and without an inclined pipe, the action of an ultrasonic standing wave field is added once more in the same periodic time period.

Taking fig. 2 as an example, when pure water is used as a medium for measurement, the sound velocity in pure water is u-1497 m/s at 25 ℃, and if the frequency of ultrasonic waves is f-20000 Hz (/ s), the wavelength λ of ultrasonic waves is 1497/20000-0.07485 m-74.85 mm, and λ/2-37.425 mm. Calculated according to the size (unit is millimeter) in fig. 2, the difference between the wave path of the reflected wave and the reflected wave passing through the inclined plane, the reflected wave and the reflected wave at the reflection point of the transducer plane, and the wave path of the reflected wave and the reflected wave at the reflection point of the transducer plane is 2461 (millimeter) when L2 is 1012+437+1012, and L2/(λ/2) is 2461/37.425 is 65.758. Every 1 ℃, the sound velocity in water is reduced by about 4.6 m/s, and the inverse calculation satisfies integral multiple of half wavelength: l2/(λ)_{Standing still}66, the wavelength λ is_{Standing still}2 (L2/66) ═ 2 (2461/66) ═ 74.57576 (mm), u_{Standing still}＝λ_{Standing still}f 74.57576 20000 1491515.15 mm/s 1491.52 m/s and u-u_{Standing still}When the temperature is reduced by 5.48/4.6 to 1.19 (deg.c) when 1497-1491.52 is 5.48 (m/s), that is, when the temperature reaches 25-1.19 to 23.81 (deg.c), the ultrasonic wave reflected by the inclined plane can generate standing wave field effect.

To the comparatively even heterogeneous mixture that oil water mixture, high water-containing sump oil mixture, two kinds or more than two kinds of substances such as petrochemical industry sump oil mud mix, the transducer is to penetrating the even ultrasonic wave through the fixed distance of minor diameter straight tube section, and the medium is constituteed and is changed, can make the propagation velocity of ultrasonic wave change, and under the certain condition of ultrasonic frequency, the wavelength constantly changes along with the medium constitution, when satisfying the integral multiple of half wavelength and being equal to the distance between two ultrasonic transducer 6 transmitting surfaces, the standing wave field effect of ultrasonic wave appears occasionally. Taking fig. 2 as an example, when L1 is 3118 mm, L1/(λ/2) is 3118/37.425 is 83.313 when measured by pure water at 25 ℃. When L1/(λ)_{Standing still}84, the temperature needs to be reduced by 2.66 ℃, namely 25-2.66 to 22.34 (DEG C), the transducer generates standing wave field effect on ultrasonic waves which pass through the straight pipe section with small diameter.

For the temperature change of pure water, when the temperature is changed from 22.34 ℃ to 23.81 ℃, and the included angle of the inclined plane is 45 degrees, the ultrasonic wave action device of the embodiment can generate a standing wave field twice, and compared with the ultrasonic wave action device which has the same diameter and does not have the inclined plane reflection and does not have the straight pipe section with the small diameter and only generates the standing wave field of 22.34 ℃, the frequency generated by the standing wave field once is increased.

For a more uniform heterogeneous mixture formed by mixing two or more than two substances such as an oil-water mixture, a high-water-content dirty oil mixture, petrochemical sewage, petrochemical sludge and the like, the change of the medium composition can lead the propagation speed of ultrasonic waves to be changed constantly, the wavelength is changed constantly under the condition of certain ultrasonic frequency, the integral multiple of half wavelength is equal to the distance between the transmitting surfaces of the two ultrasonic transducers 6, and the standing wave field effect of ultrasonic waves can be generated always.

Under the condition that the included angle of the inclined plane is 45 degrees, the frequency of standing wave field formation is increased, and the ultrasonic wave.

The ultrasonic action device has remarkable beneficial effect on ultrasonic industrial application occasions needing standing wave fields under the condition that the inclined plane included angle is 45 degrees.

Example 5

The ultrasonic action device described in this example was tested in petrochemical refineries for preventing sludge fouling in electric desalter tanks.

The electric desalting tanks are connected in series in two stages, and the electric desalting tanks connected in series in two stages are connected in parallel in two stages to be connected into the device 12 with the ultrasonic action in the embodiment to perform industrial application tests. The structure of the ultrasonic action device 12 is the same as that of example 2.

As illustrated in the flowchart of fig. 10: 12. means for ultrasonic action; 13. an explosion-proof cabinet; 14. a control unit; 15. an electric desalting tank; 16. a crude oil output pipeline; 17. a mixing valve; 18. a static mixer; 19. crude oil is input into the pipeline.

As shown in FIG. 10, crude oil before treatment enters the ultrasonic wave action device 12 through the crude oil input pipeline 19, the static mixer 18 and the mixing valve 17, enters the electric desalting tank 15 after ultrasonic wave action, and is output through the crude oil output pipeline 16. The ultrasonic generator is arranged in the explosion-proof cabinet 13 and is connected with the control unit, the control unit can adopt DCS centralized control communication to realize centralized control, or adopt PLC communication control, or carry out on-site manual control, and the embodiment adopts DCS centralized control.

The crude oil processing capacity of a certain petrochemical plant is 500 ten thousand tons/year, the retention time of the originally designed electric desalting tank is 45 minutes, and in order to improve the electric desalting operation effect, the volume of the secondary modification electric desalting tank reaches 785m³The retention time is increased to 85 minutes, the retention time is nearly 1 time longer than that of the original retention time, the device carries out the previous production cycle of ultrasonic technology transformation, and the oil sludge at the bottom of the electric desalting tank is seriously accumulated. The production problem of the oil sludge siltation of the electric desalting tank is solved by applying the device test of the ultrasonic action of the embodiment. The ultrasonic sound intensity can be 0.02-0.20w/cm²And a frequency of 21000 Hz.

The larger the electric desalting tank is, the smaller the linear velocity is, the more easily mechanical impurities such as mud, sand, soil, oil-soluble salts and the like contained in crude oil are deposited at the bottom of the electric desalting tank, and the treatment for removing the oil sludge and the solid waste transfer each time are a big problem of the current environment-friendly work. The device is used for improving the previous production cycle, the primary tank is cleaned off-line in 2015 7 months, namely 154.2t of oil sludge is cleaned after 14 months of operation, the primary tank is cleaned on line in 2016 years 2 months and 6 months twice, the cleaned oil sludge is 63.14t and 103.9t respectively, the primary tank is cleaned off-line again in 2016 years 9 months, 164.94t of oil sludge is cleaned, the oil sludge is cleaned off-line in 2017 in a shutdown stage, 269.02t is cleaned off-line, 755.2t of oil sludge is accumulated in one operation cycle, and if the cost is 3000 yuan/t of solid waste transfer treatment, the cost can be saved by only one step of using ultrasonic waves 755.2 × 3000 ═ 226.6 (ten thousand yuan).

Before the device with ultrasonic wave action is implemented, solid impurities in crude oil are easy to deposit at the bottom of an electric desalting tank, and in view of the situation that more oil sludge is flushed out in each backwashing, the production has to arrange that backwashing is carried out for 1 time every 1 week, the backwashing water quantity is about 70t/h, each tank is backwashed for 30min, and the workload and the operation cost of production personnel are increased. In the period of 8 months since the ultrasonic action device of the embodiment is applied for 7 and 21 days in 2017, 7 and 21, only one backwashing operation is performed in the process of the electric desalting operation, and the tank bottom is judged to have no sludge deposition basically by observing the drainage effect of the drainage guide; the special action mode of the device of ultrasonic wave effect of this embodiment not only can guarantee to take off the abundant purification and the detach of fatlute and mechanical impurity in the back crude oil, thereby can extract the oil content that the solid impurity adsorbed in the electric desalting cut water reaches the oil phase and improve electric desalting cut water quality, can solve the production problem of electric desalting jar fatlute siltation. The electric desalting tank is opened for investigation after 15 months of operation, the sludge sedimentation of the electric desalting tank is slight, and the desilting operation is not needed.

Example 6

The ultrasonic action apparatus of this example was tested in a petrochemical refinery to prevent sludge fouling in an electric desalting tank.

As shown in fig. 10, the electric desalting tanks are connected in series in two stages, and the electric desalting tanks connected in series in two stages are respectively connected to the ultrasonic action device in parallel in four stages for industrial application tests. The structure of the ultrasonic action device 12 is the same as that of example 3.

In order to solve the production problems of high oil content of electric desalting drainage, high electric desalting current, unqualified desalted crude oil and the like caused by blending of high-acid inferior Dall crude oil, simultaneously to expand the energy to 1300 million tons/year by 1000 million tons/year and replace the technical scheme of building a third-level electric desalting tank, a petrochemical plant applies and implements the technical scheme of the device for ultrasonic action of the utility model in 5 months in 2013,the method has the advantages that the ideal expected effect is achieved after implementation, the water quality of the drained water is greatly improved, the stability of the electric desalting operation is greatly improved, no obvious oil sludge siltation exists at the bottom of the tank after 3 years of application and 3 months of overhaul and survey in 2017, and the problem of abnormal shutdown operation of cleaning oil sludge at the bottom of the electric desalting tank one year is completely solved. The sound intensity of the ultrasonic wave of the embodiment can be 0.50-5.00w/cm²Frequency 19500 Hz. The implementation of the device for ultrasonic action of the present embodiment has significant advantageous effects.

Example 7

In the technical scheme of the ultrasonic action device in the embodiment for treating the 3.6 ten thousand tons of high-water-content sump oil in a certain factory, four stages of the ultrasonic action device 12 are connected in series for treating the sump oil. The structure of the ultrasonic action device 12 is the same as that of example 2.

As shown in fig. 11, in this embodiment, the dirty oil input pipeline 23 and the sulfur-containing sewage input pipeline 24 are merged and then connected to the static mixer 18, the static mixer 18 is connected to the mixing valve 17 through a pipeline, the mixing valve 17 is connected to the ultrasonic device 12 through a pipeline, the ultrasonic device 12 is connected to the material switch valve 21 through a pipeline, and the material switch valve 21 is connected to the settling tank 22 through a pipeline.

The pipeline connecting the dirty oil input pipeline 23, the sulfur-containing sewage input pipeline 24 and the static mixer 18 is sequentially provided with a switch valve 25, a delivery pump 26, a pressure measurement and control device 27 and a flow measurement and control device 28.

The switch valve 25, the delivery pump 26, the pressure measurement and control device 27, the flow measurement and control device 28 and the mixing valve 17 are all controlled by the controller 20, and the controller 20 is a PLC controller with a DCS interface.

The explosion-proof cabinet 13 is used for containing an ultrasonic generator which controls the ultrasonic transducer 6.

The settling tank 22 is a tank wall type heat tracing heat preservation settling tank, and adopts electric heating heat tracing heat preservation.

The ultrasonic transducer 10 is a magnetostrictive transducer, and can generate a large ultrasonic sound intensity with a large power, wherein the ultrasonic sound intensity can be 0.50-5.00W/cm²Frequency 19500 Hz.

The ultrasonic transducer 6 is matched with the device 12 for ultrasonic action selectively, and the matching condition meets the condition requirement of ultrasonic sound intensity.

Except that 22 settling casks are in the production field transformation of utilizing old, other subassemblies are installed and become an integral sled dress device in the sled, can on-vehicle removal, are adapted to the production process in various different refineries or oil fields, the supporting settling cask 22 in scene, the technological process is implemented:

(1) and (3) opening a dirty oil switch valve of the switch valve 25, conveying dirty oil in the dirty oil input pipeline 23 to a pressure measurement and control device 27 through a conveying pump 26, adjusting the pressure measurement and control valve at the outlet of the dirty oil conveying pump, controlling the pressure of the dirty oil, opening the mixing valve 17, opening the material switch valve 21, and opening the dirty oil flow.

(2) And (3) opening the sulfur-containing sewage switch valve of the switch valve 25, conveying sulfur-containing sewage in the sulfur-containing sewage input pipeline 24 to the pressure measurement and control device 27 by the sulfur-containing sewage conveying pump of the conveying pump 26, adjusting the pressure measurement and control valve at the outlet of the sulfur-containing sewage conveying pump, controlling the pressure of the sump oil, and opening the flow of the sulfur-containing sewage.

(3) And opening 8 ultrasonic generator switches of the explosion-proof cabinet 13, controlling the sound intensity of 8 ultrasonic transducers 6 of the four ultrasonic action devices 12 to reach a preset value, and starting to operate the ultrasonic waves.

(4) The controller 14 is used for carrying out centralized control on all parameters of the process, respectively controlling the flow of the dirty oil and the flow of the sulfur-containing sewage, respectively adjusting the flow of the dirty oil and the flow of the sulfur-containing sewage to reach preset values, and adjusting the ratio of the dirty oil to the sulfur-containing sewage to reach the preset values.

(5) The controller 14 is used for carrying out centralized control on all parameters of the process and controlling the mixing intensity of the dirty oil and the sulfur-containing sewage.

(6) And stopping the production process of ultrasonic sulfur-containing sewage treatment when the liquid level height of the sump oil of the settling tank 22 reaches the height required by production, closing the switch valve 25, closing the ultrasonic waves, closing the material switch valve 21, and performing the sump oil settling process.

(7) The sedimentation process analyzes the upper, middle and lower sampling of the sedimentation tank 22, and after the dehydration requirement is met, the sludge is delivered firstly, then the sewage is delivered, and finally the sewage oil is purified after the treatment of the sludge is delivered.

The device for treating the dirty oil by using the ultrasonic sulfur-containing sewage is implemented in the treatment of 3.6 ten thousand tons of high-water-content dirty oil in a certain plant.

The skid-mounted device is utilized, and the sulfur-containing sewage is adopted, so that the high-water-content aged sump oil is treated.

When the method is implemented in a certain oil refinery, along with the aggravation of the heavy and inferior trends of processed crude oil, the sedimentation and dehydration of a crude oil tank area in the crude oil processing process increase with oil, the oil content of electric desalting drainage rises, nearly 3.6 million tons of high-water-content aged sump oil are accumulated in 3-4 years, the water content of the sump oil reaches 80 percent and is always stored in a crude oil storage tank at 80 ℃, the dehydration effect is not obvious, and two 20000m sump oils are occupied³The crude oil storage tank influences the normal production of crude oil, cannot be treated by a common means, and in 2018, the technical scheme of the ultrasonic dirty oil treatment device for the sulfur-containing sewage is implemented, in a high-water-content aged dirty oil storage tank area, a skid-mounted device of the process method for treating the dirty oil by the ultrasonic sulfur-containing sewage is adopted, aged dirty oil is conveyed through a dirty oil pump at the temperature of 80-95 ℃, sulfur-containing sewage is conveyed under the self-pressure of a sulfur-containing sewage pipeline pressure, the high-water-content aged dirty oil is treated, the treated high-water-content aged dirty oil is settled and dehydrated in a dirty oil settling tank, and the adaptive transformation of tank wall heat tracing heat preservation is carried out on a dirty oil settling tank with the volume of 300t according to the technical scheme requirement of the embodiment.

24h is needed for every 200t of treatment, 5d is needed for sedimentation, and the treatment effect is shown in Table 1.

After sedimentation at 85-95 ℃ for 5d, the salt content, the water content, the mechanical impurities, the metal content and the like of the oil layer removed oil are analyzed, and the results are shown in table 1 by comparing the properties of the raw material heavy dirty oil, a certain high-sulfur high-acid crude oil and the conventional heating removed oil.

TABLE 1 comparison of properties of ultrasonic deoiling oil of ultrasonic sulfur-containing sewage treatment heavy sump oil

As can be seen from table 1, the heavy dirty oil has three high characteristics: firstly, the water content is high; secondly, the salt content is high; third, the mechanical impurities are high.

(1) Heavy dirty oil with high water content

The water content of the heavy dirty oil is difficult to be measured accurately by a Karl Fischer chemical method, and the water content of the heavy dirty oil measured by a distillation method in Table 1 is 72.21 percent, which is 156.98 times higher than the more accurate water content of 0.46 percent of a certain high-sulfur high-acid crude oil sample measured by a chemical method.

The water content of the heavy dirty oil is high, and the water content of the heavy dirty oil can reach 80 percent by adopting a centrifugal method for analysis, wherein the water content comprises bottom sediments. In general, it is mistakenly thought that the heavy dirty oil can be effectively processed and utilized after moisture is removed, and in fact, the high water content of the heavy dirty oil is only one surface phenomenon that the heavy dirty oil is difficult to process, and the difficult processing of the heavy dirty oil is reflected in other aspects.

(2) High salt content of heavy dirty oil

The analysis of inorganic salt sodium chloride is easy, and the determination can be directly carried out, but the difficulty of directly determining the organic salt in the heavy dirty oil is high due to technical reasons; the published literature of heavy sump oil demulsification and dehydration research reports, and the measurement of the metal content of the heavy sump oil is not reported; in the test process, the content of inorganic salt (NaCl) in the heavy dirty oil is analyzed to be high, and compared with a certain high-sulfur high-acid crude oil sample, the content of the inorganic salt in the heavy dirty oil is 22.85 times; indirectly analyzing the contents of Ca, Mg and Fe in the heavy dirty oil, which can form naphthenic acid organic salts, in high content, compared with a certain high-sulfur high-acid crude oil sample, the contents of Ca, Mg and Fe are 62.65 times, 175.27 times and 161.96 times, and the organic salt content of the heavy dirty oil is considered to be correspondingly high.

(3) High impurity content in heavy dirty oil machinery

6.24% of mechanical impurities of the heavy dirty oil, compared with a high-sulfur high-acid crude oil sample, the mechanical impurities of the heavy dirty oil are 9.18 times of those of the high-sulfur high-acid crude oil sample, and the direct blending processing of the heavy dirty oil has adverse effects on scale corrosion of equipment in a rear processing procedure, clogging of a heat exchanger or a tower, catalyst poisoning or catalyst consumption increase, and the economic benefits of a refinery are directly influenced.

As can be seen from Table 1, the combined treatment of heavy dirty oil by ultrasonic wave-sulfur-containing sewage has the beneficial effects that:

the removed oil has three low characteristics, namely, low water content; secondly, the salt content is low; thirdly, the content of mechanical impurities is low. Compared with the oil removal property of a small amount of oil layers removed by conventional heating and sedimentation, the oil removed after the heavy dirty oil is treated by the ultrasonic-sulfur-containing sewage has three low characteristics.

(1) Heavy dirty oil deoiling water content of ultrasonic sulfur-containing sewage treatment is low

The average water content of the removed oil after the ultrasonic sulfur-containing sewage treatment of the heavy dirty oil is only 0.21 percent, the water content of the removed oil is greatly reduced, and compared with the removed oil of the heavy dirty oil which is removed from a small amount of oil layers by conventional heating and settling treatment, the water content of the removed oil is reduced by 72.38 times, thereby achieving a relatively ideal dehydration effect.

(2) Heavy sump oil deoiled oil treated by ultrasonic sulfur-containing sewage has low salt content

As can be seen from Table 1, the salt content of the deoiled oil after the heavy dirty oil is treated by the ultrasonic sulfur-containing sewage is 1.72 mg.L^-1Also greatly reduces the salt content by 84.07 times compared with the salt content of the de-oiled contrast oil which is removed from a small amount of oil layers by conventional heating and sedimentation.

Table 1 shows that the contents of metal salts existing in the form of organic salts of petroleum acids and naphthenic acids, such as Fe, Ca, Mg, Ni, V, and Cu, removed from heavy dirty oil after ultrasonic treatment are reduced by 176.16, 4.02, 18.62, 1.03, 1.09, and 64.5 times, respectively, compared with the oil removal contrast of a small amount of oil layer removed by conventional heating and settling, and the ultrasonic-sulfur-containing sewage treatment of heavy dirty oil is implemented, so that not only inorganic metal salts in heavy dirty oil can be removed efficiently, but also organic metal salts in heavy dirty oil can be removed efficiently.

(3) Heavy dirty oil deoiling oil of ultrasonic sulfur-containing sewage treatment has low mechanical impurity content

As can be seen from Table 1, the mechanical impurities after the heavy dirty oil is treated by the ultrasonic sulfur-containing sewage are 0.72%, the content of the mechanical impurities is greatly reduced, and compared with the deoiling contrast of a small amount of oil layer separated by conventional heating and settling, the content of the mechanical impurities is reduced by 7.11 times.

In conclusion, the heavy dirty oil treated by the ultrasonic sulfur-containing sewage can efficiently remove water in the heavy dirty oil, and can efficiently remove metal inorganic salt and metal organic salt to greatly reduce the content of mechanical impurities, so that the heavy dirty oil treated by the ultrasonic sulfur-containing sewage can realize the dual functions of dehydration and purification of the heavy dirty oil.

Example 8

The technical scheme of the ultrasonic wave action device of the embodiment is combined with compressed air to treat petrochemical biological sludge reduction. The structure of the ultrasonic action device 12 is the same as that of example 4.

According to the technical scheme of the device under the action of the ultrasonic waves, the waves and the compressed air are combined to carry out petrochemical sludge cracking pretreatment, and a part of sludge is returned to a sewage treatment system to be continuously treated, wherein the sludge amount is 20% -35% of the total mass of the residual sludge; anaerobic digestion treatment is carried out on a part of sludge, the sludge amount is 65-80% of the total mass of the residual sludge, the compressed air introduction amount of each liter of sludge is 10L/min, the sludge is conveyed to a device under the action of ultrasonic waves for disintegration, and the ultrasonic sound intensity is 2-8W/cm²The ultrasonic frequency is 19300Hz, the ultrasonic treatment time is 1.0-10min, a piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducer is adopted, the intermittent operation is carried out, and the operation time interval is 2-5 min.

70% of sludge is firstly treated and cracked by the ultrasonic device and compressed air in the embodiment, then anaerobic digestion treatment is adopted, and the residual sludge discharge amount is reduced by 88% by the combination of the two processes.

The ultrasonic action device of the embodiment has a remarkable beneficial effect in the implementation of petrochemical sludge reduction.

Example 9

The technical scheme of the ultrasonic action device of the embodiment is cooperated with Fenton oxidation treatment to degrade wastewater. The structure of the ultrasonic action device 12 is the same as that of example 4.

The included angle between the transition inclined tube 3 and the straight tube section of the ultrasonic acting device is equal to 45 degrees, concentric big and small heads connecting the large-diameter straight tube section 1 and the small-diameter straight tube section 4 are machined by a tube blank die with an included angle of 45 degrees and then machined to ensure the consistency of the included angle of 45 degrees. The ultrasonic transducer 6 adopts a magnetostrictive transducer and is operated continuously, the ultrasonic frequency is 20000Hz, and the sound intensity is 1.00-3.00W/cm²In the implementation process, the oscillograph is adopted to detect the waveform in the device under the action of the ultrasonic waves, so that a better standing wave field can be generated.

The wastewater is pumped into the device with ultrasonic action in the embodiment by a pump, then enters a catalytic reaction tank, the reaction time is 20min, the effluent of the catalytic reaction is subjected to solid-liquid separation after the pH value is adjusted to 7.5 by adding alkali, the supernatant COD is 200mg/L, the COD removal rate is 85.2 percent, and the requirement that the index COD which can be discharged into a municipal sewage treatment plant is less than 500mg/L is met.

The implementation of the device of ultrasound action of the present embodiment has significant advantages.

The technical features of the present invention are not limited to the examples listed in the above embodiments.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic action apparatus, characterized by: comprises an action area of a dumbbell-shaped pipeline type structure with a thin middle part and two thick ends, wherein two ultrasonic transducers (6) are arranged at two ends of the action area of the pipeline type structure; the action area of the dumbbell-shaped pipeline type structure comprises large-diameter straight pipe sections (1) at two ends and a small-diameter straight pipe section (4) in the middle, wherein the large-diameter straight pipe sections (1) and the small-diameter straight pipe section (4) are connected through a transition inclined pipe (3); the ultrasonic transducers (6) are horn-shaped, the emitting surfaces are circular planes, the emitting surfaces of the two ultrasonic transducers (6) are axially concentric, parallel and oppositely arranged, the emitting surfaces are perpendicular to the central axis of the action area of the dumbbell-shaped pipeline type structure, and the diameters of the emitting surfaces of the two ultrasonic transducers (6) are larger than that of the small-diameter straight pipe section (4); the action area of the dumbbell-shaped pipeline type structure is in a symmetrical structure by taking a perpendicular bisector of the central axis thereof as a symmetrical axis.

2. An ultrasonically actuated device according to claim 1, wherein: the large-diameter straight pipe sections (1) at the two ends are respectively provided with a material inlet (2) and a material outlet (5).

3. An ultrasonically actuated device according to claim 1, wherein: the ultrasonic transducer (6) is provided with a cooling liquid jacket (7) and a display control loop (8).

4. An ultrasonically actuated device according to claim 3, wherein: the cooling liquid jacket (7) is internally provided with cooling liquid which is in a circulating water cooling mode or a heat dissipation type non-circulating cooling mode; the display control loop (8) is connected and communicated with an ultrasonic generator, and the ultrasonic generator is arranged in the explosion-proof cabinet (13).

5. An ultrasonically actuated device according to claim 4, wherein: the ultrasonic generator is connected with the control unit (14), and the control unit (14) realizes centralized control.

6. An ultrasonically actuated device according to claim 1, wherein: the ultrasonic transducer (6) is a magnetostrictive transducer or a piezoelectric ceramic transducer.

7. An ultrasonically actuated device according to claim 1, wherein: the sound intensity of the ultrasonic wave generated by the ultrasonic transducer (6) is 0.03-10 w/cm²。

8. An ultrasonically actuated device according to claim 1, wherein: the frequency of the ultrasonic wave generated by the ultrasonic transducer (6) is 10 kHz-200 kHz.

9. An ultrasonically actuated device according to claim 1, wherein: the large-diameter straight pipe section (1) is formed by processing a three-way pipe, the small-diameter straight pipe section (4) is formed by processing a straight pipe, and the transition inclined pipe (3) is formed by processing a concentric reducing reducer or is formed by processing a thick-wall pipe fitting.