CN210108866U - Model test device of soil body settlement deformation - Google Patents
Model test device of soil body settlement deformation Download PDFInfo
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- CN210108866U CN210108866U CN201920051533.0U CN201920051533U CN210108866U CN 210108866 U CN210108866 U CN 210108866U CN 201920051533 U CN201920051533 U CN 201920051533U CN 210108866 U CN210108866 U CN 210108866U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a model test device that soil body subsides and warp, includes: the loading box body is provided with a loading cavity; the upper part of the loading box body is provided with a gas transmission channel which can be communicated with the loading cavity; a sealing plate is detachably mounted at the upper end of the loading box body, and the bottom of the loading cavity is open; the loading device is arranged at the upper part of the loading cavity, and an inflation inlet of the loading device is communicated with the gas transmission channel pipeline; the sedimentation device comprises a sedimentation adjusting device and a sedimentation measuring device, the sedimentation adjusting device is arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame and is blocked at an opening at the lower end of the loading box body, and a gap for accommodating a soil sample test piece is reserved between the sedimentation adjusting device and the loading device; the top supporting surface of the settlement adjusting device is supported on the testing part of the soil sample test piece. The utility model has the advantages that: the device can measure the settlement parameters of the soil body sample, simulate and research the cracking condition of the impermeable layer and the law between the development condition of the crack and the settlement deformation, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and accurate result.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a model test device that the soil body subsides and warp.
Background
With the development of urbanization, the production amount of urban domestic garbage is increased year by year, and most of the urban domestic garbage is directly buried in a garbage landfill. The urban domestic garbage is very complex and very uneven in components, is a high-compressibility waste solid with a large macroporous structure and large pores, and is greatly settled due to the high compressibility of the garbage in the process of landfill. In addition, due to extreme nonuniformity of the domestic garbage and inconsistent degradation time, the compression deformation of each point is inconsistent, so that the impermeable layer at the top of the landfill site is bent in the domestic garbage sedimentation process, and the impermeable material is cracked. The integrity of an impermeable layer in a final covering system is ensured, large deformation is avoided, and the method has important significance for the safe use of a landfill. In addition, in order to avoid the leachate polluting the land and the underground water, a liner system needs to be arranged in the landfill design, but if the foundation is not treated well or the underground water collecting pipeline is not compacted, the soil body lying below the liner system is likely to be locally settled under the actions of the garbage weight and compaction machinery.
Therefore, the design of the simulation landfill impermeable layer cracking caused by uneven settlement has important significance in researching the cracking condition of the impermeable layer and the rule between the development condition of the cracking and the settlement deformation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem, the utility model provides a model test device that the soil body subsides deformation convenient to survey barrier layer soil sample and produce the crack condition.
A soil body subsides model test device of deformation, a serial communication port, include:
the loading box body is provided with a loading cavity; the upper part of the loading box body is provided with a gas transmission channel which can be communicated with the loading cavity; a sealing plate used for sealing an opening at the upper end of the loading cavity is detachably mounted at the upper end of the loading box body, and the bottom of the loading cavity is opened;
the loading device is arranged at the upper part of the loading cavity, and an inflation inlet of the loading device is communicated with the gas transmission channel pipeline and is used for inflating and deflating gas into the loading device so as to adjust the size of the space of the loading cavity;
the settlement partitioning device comprises a settlement adjusting device and a settlement measuring device, the settlement adjusting device is arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame and is plugged at an opening at the lower end of the loading box body, and a gap for accommodating a soil sample test piece is reserved between the settlement adjusting device and the loading device; the top supporting surface of the settlement adjusting device is supported on the testing part of the soil sample test piece and used for adjusting the height of the top supporting surface of the settlement adjusting device so as to measure the settlement amount of the testing part of the soil sample test piece.
The loading box body comprises a fixed frame, a side baffle and a sealing plate, wherein the side baffle is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the fixed frame, the sealing plate is detachably arranged on the top of the fixed frame, the side baffle is enclosed on the side surface of the fixed frame, and a loading cavity with an open bottom is enclosed by the side baffle and the sealing plate; wherein, the upper part of one side baffle is provided with a gas transmission channel.
The loading device is a rubber bag with an inflation inlet, wherein the inflation inlet of the loading device is communicated with the gas transmission channel pipeline and is used for injecting air into the loading device so as to pressurize the surface of the soil test piece.
The settlement adjusting device comprises a bottom supporting plate, reinforced concrete test blocks, a horizontal supporting plate, a horizontal adjusting steel pipe and vertical supporting steel pipes, wherein the two reinforced concrete test blocks are symmetrically arranged on the bottom supporting plate, and a settlement area between the two reinforced concrete test blocks is divided into a plurality of areas along the length direction of the block by a plurality of groups of vertical supporting steel pipes; the bottom of a vertical supporting steel pipe is fixedly connected with a bottom supporting plate, the vertical supporting steel pipe is detachably paved with a plurality of layers of horizontal supporting plates from top to bottom along the axial direction, and an adjusting block used for accommodating a horizontal adjusting steel pipe is reserved between the horizontal supporting plates, so that each layer of adjusting block between two adjacent horizontal supporting plates can accommodate only one layer of horizontal adjusting steel pipe, the horizontal adjusting steel pipe is arranged along the width direction of the block, and the highest point and the lowest point of the horizontal adjusting steel pipe are in contact with the corresponding horizontal supporting plates; the uppermost horizontal support plate is used as a top support surface of the settlement adjusting device and is supported under the testing part of the soil sample test piece; and the width direction of the grid block is defined as the axial direction of the horizontal adjusting steel pipe between the two reinforced concrete test blocks, and the length direction of the grid block is defined as the horizontal direction vertical to the axial direction of the horizontal adjusting steel pipe.
The adjusting grid is divided into two gears from top to bottom, wherein the first gear is adjusted to be positioned on the upper portion of the adjusting grid of the second gear, the height of the first gear is smaller than that of the second gear, namely, the diameter of the horizontal adjusting steel pipe in the first gear is adjusted to be smaller than that of the horizontal adjusting steel pipe in the second gear.
The settlement adjusting device comprises a bottom supporting plate, reinforced concrete test blocks, a top supporting plate and a jack, wherein the two reinforced concrete test blocks are symmetrically arranged on the bottom supporting plate; the jack is arranged in a settlement area between the two reinforced concrete test blocks, and a top supporting plate which is horizontally arranged is assembled at the top lifting end of the jack; the top supporting plate is used as a top supporting surface of the settlement adjusting device and is supported under the testing part of the soil sample test piece.
The settlement measuring device is a measuring scale or a displacement meter which can measure the settlement displacement of the testing part of the soil sample test piece, and if the settlement measuring device is the displacement meter, the displacement meter is arranged between the bottom supporting plate and the top supporting plate.
The model test device also comprises a penetration device, wherein the penetration device is arranged between the loading device and the soil sample test piece and comprises a water conveying pipeline, a flowmeter, a waterproof coiled material and a plastic box, and a water conveying port is arranged at the upper part of the loading box body and is arranged at an opening at the upper end of the plastic box and used for injecting water into the plastic box; the first end of the water conveying pipe is communicated with a water conveying port pipeline, and the second end of the water conveying pipe is provided with a flowmeter for controlling the flow in the pipe; the plastic box is laid on the surface of the soil body sample, a waterproof coiled material is laid on an opening at the upper end of the plastic box, and water distribution holes are formed in the bottom of the plastic box.
Utilize the utility model discloses a soil body subsides measurement method of model test device of deformation, including following step:
1) placing the settlement adjusting device under the loading box body;
2) paving the configured soil sample test piece from the top of the loading box body to the loading cavity, and keeping the top supporting surface of the settlement adjusting device supported at the bottom of the testing part of the soil sample test piece;
3) placing a loading device on the surface of the soil sample test piece, and keeping an inflation port of the loading device communicated with a gas transmission channel pipeline;
4) covering the sealing plate on the top of the fixed frame, and fastening by using bolts;
5) inflating the loading device to apply uniform load to the lower soil layer;
6) and adjusting the longitudinal height of the top supporting surface of the settlement adjusting device to enable the soil sample specimen to be settled, and recording settlement parameters such as load, settlement amount and cracks in the settlement process.
Utilize the utility model discloses a soil body subsides measurement method of model test device of deformation, including following step:
1) placing the settlement adjusting device under the loading box body;
2) paving the configured soil sample test piece from the top of the loading box body to the loading cavity, and keeping the top supporting surface of the settlement adjusting device supported at the bottom of the testing part of the soil sample test piece;
3) placing a loading device on the surface of the soil sample test piece, and keeping an inflation port of the loading device communicated with a gas transmission channel pipeline;
4) covering the sealing plate on the top of the fixed frame, and fastening by using bolts;
5) inflating the loading device to apply uniform load to the lower soil layer;
6) and (3) drawing out the horizontal adjusting steel pipe in the settlement adjusting device, drawing out the steel pipe from the middle to two sides, and drawing from top to bottom, wherein in the drawing process, the soil sample is settled, and settlement parameters such as load, settlement amount and cracks are recorded in the settlement process.
Utilize the utility model discloses a soil body subsides measurement method of model test device of deformation, including following step:
1) placing the settlement adjusting device under the loading box body;
2) paving the configured soil sample test piece from the top of the loading box body to the loading cavity, and keeping the top supporting surface of the settlement adjusting device supported at the bottom of the testing part of the soil sample test piece;
3) placing a plastic box on the surface of the soil sample test piece, laying a waterproof coiled material on the plastic box, finally placing a loading device, and keeping an inflation inlet of the loading device communicated with a gas transmission channel pipeline;
4) covering the sealing plate on the top of the fixed frame, and fastening by using bolts;
5) uniformly distributing loads on the lower soil layer:
(1) during the test, a water pipe valve is opened to supply water, air is injected into the loading device after the flow of liquid in the water pipe is stable, and uniform load is applied to the lower soil layer;
(2) directly injecting air into the loading device to apply uniform load to the lower soil layer;
wherein, one of the steps (1) and (2) can be selected;
6) the jack descends at a set speed until a set settlement amount is reached, the soil sample is settled in the descending process of the jack, the load and the settlement amount are recorded in the settlement process, and the crack and leakage conditions are observed.
The utility model has the advantages that: the device can measure the settlement parameters of the soil body sample, simulate and research the cracking condition of the impermeable layer and the law between the development condition of the crack and the settlement deformation, and has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation and accurate result.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is one of the structural diagrams of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is one of the structures of the settling device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a side view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a second structure diagram (without water seepage device) of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a third structural diagram (with a water seepage device) of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a side view of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the plastic case of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a top support plate structure view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
With reference to the accompanying drawings:
embodiment 1 a soil body subsides model test device of deformation, include:
the loading box body 1 is provided with a loading cavity; the upper part of the loading box body is provided with a gas transmission channel which can be communicated with the loading cavity; a sealing plate used for sealing an opening at the upper end of the loading cavity is detachably mounted at the upper end of the loading box body, and the bottom of the loading cavity is opened;
the loading device 2 is arranged at the upper part of the loading cavity, and an inflation inlet of the loading device is communicated with the gas transmission channel pipeline and is used for inflating and deflating gas into the loading device so as to adjust the size of the space of the loading cavity;
the sedimentation device 3 comprises a sedimentation adjusting device 31 and a sedimentation measuring device 32, the sedimentation adjusting device is arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame and is blocked at an opening at the lower end of the loading box body, and a gap for accommodating a soil sample test piece is reserved between the sedimentation adjusting device and the loading device; the top supporting surface of the settlement adjusting device is supported on the testing part of the soil sample test piece and used for adjusting the height of the top supporting surface of the settlement adjusting device so as to measure the settlement amount of the testing part of the soil sample test piece.
The loading box body 1 comprises a fixed frame 11, a side baffle 12 and a sealing plate 13, wherein the side baffle is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the fixed frame 11, the sealing plate is detachably arranged on the top of the fixed frame, the side baffle is enclosed on the side surface of the fixed frame, and a loading cavity with an open bottom is enclosed by the side baffle and the sealing plate; the upper part of one side baffle is provided with a gas transmission channel 121.
The loading device 2 is a rubber bag with an inflation inlet, wherein the inflation inlet of the loading device is communicated with the gas transmission channel pipeline and is used for injecting air into the loading device so as to pressurize the surface of the soil body test piece 4.
The settlement adjusting device 31 comprises a bottom support plate 311, reinforced concrete test blocks 312, a horizontal support plate 313, a horizontal adjusting steel pipe 314 and vertical support steel pipes 315, wherein the two reinforced concrete test blocks 312 are symmetrically arranged on the bottom support plate, and a settlement area between the two reinforced concrete test blocks is divided into a plurality of areas along the length direction of the block by a plurality of groups of vertical support steel pipes; the bottom of a vertical supporting steel pipe 315 is fixedly connected with a bottom supporting plate 311, the vertical supporting steel pipe is detachably paved with a plurality of layers of horizontal supporting plates from top to bottom along the axial direction, and an adjusting grid block used for accommodating a horizontal adjusting steel pipe is reserved between the horizontal supporting plates, so that each layer of adjusting grid block between two adjacent horizontal supporting plates can only accommodate one layer of horizontal adjusting steel pipe, the horizontal adjusting steel pipe is arranged along the width direction of the grid block, and the highest point and the lowest point of the horizontal adjusting steel pipe are both contacted with the corresponding horizontal supporting plates; the uppermost horizontal support plate is used as a top support surface of the settlement adjusting device and is supported under the testing part of the soil sample test piece; and the width direction of the grid block is defined as the axial direction of the horizontal adjusting steel pipe between the two reinforced concrete test blocks, and the length direction of the grid block is defined as the horizontal direction vertical to the axial direction of the horizontal adjusting steel pipe.
The adjusting grid is divided into two gears from top to bottom, wherein the first gear is adjusted to be positioned on the upper portion of the adjusting grid of the second gear, the height of the first gear is smaller than that of the second gear, namely, the diameter of the horizontal adjusting steel pipe in the first gear is adjusted to be smaller than that of the horizontal adjusting steel pipe in the second gear.
The settlement measuring device is a measuring scale capable of measuring the settlement displacement of the testing part of the soil sample test piece and is used for measuring the settlement amount of the soil sample test piece.
Example 2 in this example: the fixed frame has the size of 800mm in length, 200mm in width and 400mm in height. The fixed frame is used as an outer frame to play a role of being fixed on the supporting inner frame and is a steel frame; the side baffle plate is used as an inner frame and is surrounded in the fixed frame to form a loading cavity; the side shield is 4, and wherein three are the steel sheet, and one is organic glass, plays the effect of enclosure, and one side sets up organic glass for observe the deformation condition of soil sample, and other trilateral steel sheet that is. And the peripheral steel plates and the fixed frame are welded and spliced, and the organic glass is spliced by using strong glue.
And a sealing plate, which is also a steel plate, is arranged at the top of the fixed frame and is connected with round holes arranged on the periphery of the upper edge of the peripheral fixed outer frame through bolts. The bottom of the fixed frame is completely open. A hole with the diameter of 20mm is reserved on the steel plate which is arranged on the right side of the organic glass surface and is 100mm away from the top of the organic glass surface and is used as a gas transmission channel.
The loading device is a rubber bag with a plastic pipe interface arranged on the upper side of the soil sample, and air is injected into the rubber bag to apply uniform load to the lower soil layer.
The sedimentation device is arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame, and in the sedimentation adjusting device: the horizontal adjusting steel pipes are 20mm and 10mm in diameter, and the lengths are different from 500mm to 300 mm. The settlement area is mainly 400mm in the middle of the soil sample and is divided into four subareas, each subarea is 100mm, and vertical supporting steel pipes with the diameter of 20mm are used as partitions.
The horizontal adjustment steel pipe stack in each subregion, stack highly for 80mm, place along the width direction of horizontal adjustment steel pipe, from the top down respectively three 10mm and two 20mm steel pipes constitute, wherein the 10mm steel pipe of top is first shelves, and the 20mm steel pipe of below is the second shelves, and between putting from top to bottom layer steel pipe, respectively place the horizontal support board that 10mm is thick, also be the steel sheet, the size is 200mm 100mm, and is the same with the subregion size.
Two reinforced concrete test blocks with the cross sections of 200mm multiplied by 80mm and the lengths of 400mm are placed at the bottom of the fixed frame and are placed at two ends of the fixed frame in the length direction, the length direction of each reinforced concrete test block is axially consistent with that of the horizontal adjusting steel pipe, the direction with the cross section of 200mm is defined as the length direction of each reinforced concrete test block, and the direction with the cross section of 80mm is defined as the height direction of each reinforced concrete test block. When the reinforced concrete test block is placed along the width direction, two ends of the reinforced concrete test block are respectively reserved for 100 mm. When the test block in the width direction is placed, the outer side of the test block is flush with the fixed frame.
The lower edge of the settlement adjusting device is padded with a bottom support plate with the length of 1200mm, the width of 600mm and the thickness of 20mm, a vertical support steel pipe for separation is connected to the bottom support plate below through threads, and the bottom support plate is arranged in a transverse symmetrical mode at a distance of 50mm from the end part in the length direction.
Embodiment 3 a soil body subsides model test device of deformation, include:
the loading box body 1 is provided with a loading cavity; the upper part of the loading box body is provided with a gas transmission channel which can be communicated with the loading cavity; a sealing plate used for sealing an opening at the upper end of the loading cavity is detachably mounted at the upper end of the loading box body, and the bottom of the loading cavity is opened;
the loading device 2 is arranged at the upper part of the loading cavity, and an inflation inlet of the loading device is communicated with the gas transmission channel pipeline and is used for inflating and deflating gas into the loading device so as to adjust the size of the space of the loading cavity;
the sedimentation device 3 comprises a sedimentation adjusting device 31 and a sedimentation measuring device 32, the sedimentation adjusting device is arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame and is blocked at an opening at the lower end of the loading box body, and a gap for accommodating a soil sample test piece is reserved between the sedimentation adjusting device and the loading device; the top supporting surface of the settlement adjusting device is supported on the testing part of the soil sample test piece and used for adjusting the height of the top supporting surface of the settlement adjusting device so as to measure the settlement amount of the testing part of the soil sample test piece.
The loading box body comprises a fixed frame, a side baffle and a sealing plate, wherein the side baffle is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the fixed frame, the sealing plate is detachably arranged on the top of the fixed frame, the side baffle is enclosed on the side surface of the fixed frame, and a loading cavity with an open bottom is enclosed by the side baffle and the sealing plate; wherein, the upper part of one side baffle is provided with a gas transmission channel.
The loading device is a rubber bag with an inflation inlet, wherein the inflation inlet of the loading device is communicated with the gas transmission channel pipeline and is used for injecting air into the loading device so as to pressurize the surface of the soil test piece.
The settlement adjusting device 31 comprises reinforced concrete test blocks 312, a top support plate 316 and a jack 317, wherein the two reinforced concrete test blocks are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame; the jack is arranged in a settlement area between the two reinforced concrete test blocks, and a top supporting plate which is horizontally arranged is assembled at the top lifting end of the jack; the top supporting plate is used as a top supporting surface of the settlement adjusting device and is supported under the testing part of the soil sample test piece.
The settlement measuring device is a displacement meter capable of measuring the settlement displacement of the testing part of the soil sample test piece, and the displacement meter is arranged between the bottom supporting plate and the top supporting plate.
Example 4 this example differs from example 3 in that: and a clamping device which is contacted with the jack is arranged on the top supporting plate corresponding to the position of the jack, so that the jack is connected with the top supporting plate in a concave-convex manner.
Example 5 in this example: the fixed frame has the size of 800mm in length, 200mm in width and 400mm in height. The fixed frame is used as an outer frame to play a role of being fixed on the supporting inner frame and is a steel frame; the side baffle plate is used as an inner frame and is surrounded in the fixed frame to form a loading cavity; the side shield is 4, and wherein three are the steel sheet, and one is organic glass, plays the effect of enclosure, and one side sets up organic glass for observe the deformation condition of soil sample, and other trilateral steel sheet that is. And the peripheral steel plates and the fixed frame are welded and spliced, and the organic glass is spliced by using strong glue.
And a sealing plate, which is also a steel plate, is arranged at the top of the fixed frame and is connected with round holes arranged on the periphery of the upper edge of the peripheral fixed outer frame through bolts. The bottom of the fixed frame is completely open. A hole with the diameter of 20mm is reserved on the steel plate which is arranged on the right side of the organic glass surface and is 100mm away from the top of the organic glass surface and is used as a gas transmission channel.
The loading device is a rubber bag with a plastic pipe interface arranged on the upper side of the soil sample, and air is injected into the rubber bag to apply uniform load to the lower soil layer.
Two reinforced concrete test blocks of 200mm multiplied by 200mm are placed at the bottom of the fixed frame, the placing positions of the two reinforced concrete test blocks are arranged at two ends of the fixed frame in the length direction, and the outer sides of the two reinforced concrete test blocks are flush with the fixed frame.
The sedimentation device is arranged at the bottom of the model box frame, and 400mm in the middle of the soil sample test piece is a test part and is used as a sedimentation area. A top supporting plate with the size of 200mm multiplied by 200mm and the thickness of 10mm is placed between the soil body test piece and the jack, and a clamping device which is contacted with the jack is arranged on the top supporting plate corresponding to the position of the jack, wherein the clamping device is a concave part which protrudes upwards, so that the top of the jack is clamped into the concave part of the top supporting plate.
The two displacement meters are respectively placed on two sides of the jack and are in contact with the top supporting plate to monitor the settlement of the soil body.
Example 6 this example differs from example 4 in that: the model test device also comprises a penetration device 5, wherein the penetration device is arranged between the loading device and the soil sample test piece and comprises a water conveying pipeline 51, a flowmeter 52, a waterproof coiled material 53 and a plastic box 54, and a water conveying port arranged at the upper part of the loading box body is arranged at an opening at the upper end of the plastic box and used for injecting water into the plastic box; the first end of the water conveying pipe is communicated with a water conveying port pipeline, and the second end of the water conveying pipe is provided with a flowmeter for controlling the flow in the pipe; the plastic box is laid on the surface of the soil sample, the upper end of the plastic box is open and is laid with a waterproof coiled material, and the bottom surface and/or the side wall of the plastic box 54 is provided with a water distribution hole 541.
Example 7 in this example: the fixed frame has the size of 800mm in length, 200mm in width and 400mm in height. The fixed frame is used as an outer frame to play a role of being fixed on the supporting inner frame and is a steel frame; the side baffle plate is used as an inner frame and is surrounded in the fixed frame to form a loading cavity; the side shield is 4, and wherein three are the steel sheet, and one is organic glass, plays the effect of enclosure, and one side sets up organic glass for observe the deformation condition of soil sample, and other trilateral steel sheet that is. And the peripheral steel plates and the fixed frame are welded and spliced, and the organic glass is spliced by using strong glue.
And a sealing plate, which is also a steel plate, is arranged at the top of the fixed frame and is connected with round holes arranged on the periphery of the upper edge of the peripheral fixed outer frame through bolts. The bottom of the fixed frame is completely open. A hole with the diameter of 20mm is reserved on the steel plate which is arranged on the right side of the organic glass surface and is 100mm away from the top of the organic glass surface, and is used as a gas transmission channel; a hole with the diameter of 20mm is reserved on the side plate which is arranged on the left side of the organic glass surface and is 200mm away from the top of the organic glass surface and is used as a water delivery channel.
The loading device is a rubber bag with a plastic pipe interface arranged on the upper side of the soil sample, and air is injected into the rubber bag to apply uniform load to the lower soil layer.
Two reinforced concrete test blocks of 200mm multiplied by 200mm are placed at the bottom of the fixed frame, the placing positions of the two reinforced concrete test blocks are arranged at two ends of the fixed frame in the length direction, and the outer sides of the two reinforced concrete test blocks are flush with the fixed frame.
The sedimentation device is arranged at the bottom of the model box frame, and 400mm in the middle of the soil sample test piece is a test part and is used as a sedimentation area. A top supporting plate with the size of 200mm multiplied by 200mm and the thickness of 10mm is placed between the soil body test piece and the jack, and a clamping device which is in contact with the jack is arranged on the position, corresponding to the jack, of the top supporting plate 316, wherein the clamping device is a concave 3161 protruding upwards, so that the top of the jack is clamped into the concave of the top supporting plate.
The two displacement meters are respectively placed on two sides of the jack and are in contact with the top supporting plate to monitor the settlement of the soil body.
The left side of the organic glass surface is 200mm away from the top, a hole with the diameter of 10mm is used as a water delivery port, a flowmeter is arranged on a water delivery pipeline to control the flow of water, a plastic box with the thickness of 20mm and the thickness of 800mm multiplied by 200mm is placed above a soil layer, and 5mm holes are distributed at the bottom of the box.
Embodiment 8 a method for measuring a soil settlement deformation model test apparatus according to embodiment 1, comprising the steps of:
1) placing the settlement adjusting device under the loading box body;
2) paving the configured soil sample test piece from the top of the loading box body to the loading cavity, and keeping the top supporting surface of the settlement adjusting device supported at the bottom of the testing part of the soil sample test piece;
3) placing a loading device on the surface of the soil sample test piece, and keeping an inflation port of the loading device communicated with a gas transmission channel pipeline;
4) covering the sealing plate on the top of the fixed frame, and fastening by using bolts;
5) inflating the loading device to apply uniform load to the lower soil layer;
6) and (3) drawing out the horizontal adjusting steel pipe in the settlement adjusting device, drawing out the steel pipe from the middle to two sides, and drawing from top to bottom, wherein in the drawing process, the soil sample is settled, and settlement parameters such as load, settlement amount and cracks are recorded in the settlement process.
Example 9 a method of measuring using the soil settlement deformation model test apparatus of example 2: the rectangular frame is manufactured according to the fixed frame size of 800mm in length, 200mm in width and 400mm in height, and the steel frame is adopted around the rectangular frame for welding and splicing. The three side plates are steel plates and are welded on the steel frame, and one side plate is made of organic glass and is adhered to the fixed frame by using strong glue. The round holes arranged on the periphery of the upper edge of the outer frame are fixed all around, and the bottom of the fixed frame is completely opened.
A bottom supporting plate with the length of 1200mm, the width of 600mm and the thickness of 20mm is arranged on the ground in a cushioning mode, two reinforced concrete test blocks with the sections of 200mm multiplied by 80mm and the length of 400mm are arranged between the bottom supporting plate and a fixed frame, the reinforced concrete test blocks are arranged at two ends of a model box edge and are transversely arranged, the sections of 200mm are in the horizontal direction, and the sections of 80mm are vertically arranged. When the test block in the transverse direction is placed, 100mm is reserved at each end. When the test block in the longitudinal direction is placed, the outer side of the test block is flush with the model box frame.
And then a plurality of horizontal supporting steel pipes with the diameter of 20mm and 10mm are used, and the length is different from 500mm to 300 mm. The settlement area is mainly 400mm in the middle of the soil sample and is divided into four subareas, each subarea is 100mm, the steel pipes are stacked in each subarea, the stacking height is 80mm, the steel pipes are placed in the vertical direction, the steel pipes are respectively composed of three 10mm horizontal supporting steel pipes and two 20mm horizontal supporting steel pipes from top to bottom, and the horizontal supporting steel plates with the thickness of 2mm are respectively placed between the upper layer steel pipe and the lower layer steel pipe, the size of each horizontal supporting steel plate is 200mm multiplied by 100mm, and the steel pipes are the same as the subareas in size. Vertical support steel tubes of 20mm diameter were used as spacers. The vertical support steel pipes are connected to the lower bottom support steel plate through threads, are 50mm away from the transverse end, and are arranged symmetrically in the transverse direction.
And placing the model device on a settlement partitioning device consisting of steel pipes. Preparing mixed soil according to a certain proportion, filling soil into a model box, compacting in three layers, wherein the compaction degree reaches more than 95%, preparing a soil sample test piece with the length of 800mm, the width of 200mm and the height of 200mm, finally placing a pressurized rubber bag, passing through the right side of an organic glass surface and on a sealing plate 100mm away from the top, reserving an air transmission channel with a hole with the diameter of 20mm, and arranging the rubber bag with a plastic pipe connector on the upper side of the plastic pipe communicated with the soil sample. And finally, covering a sealing steel plate, and performing bolt connection on the steel plate by using a preset round hole.
When the test is started, air is injected into the rubber belt to apply uniform load to the lower soil layer, then the steel pipes in the partitioning device are drawn out, the steel pipes are drawn out from the middle to the two sides, and then the steel pipes are drawn out from top to bottom. And in the extraction process, the soil sample is settled, and the load, the settlement amount, the crack and the like are recorded in the settlement process.
Embodiment 10 a method for measuring a soil body settlement deformation model test device according to embodiment 3, comprising the steps of:
1) placing the settlement adjusting device under the loading box body;
2) paving the configured soil sample test piece from the top of the loading box body to the loading cavity, and keeping the top supporting surface of the settlement adjusting device supported at the bottom of the testing part of the soil sample test piece;
3) placing a plastic box on the surface of the soil sample test piece, laying a waterproof coiled material on the plastic box, finally placing a loading device, and keeping an inflation inlet of the loading device communicated with a gas transmission channel pipeline;
4) covering the sealing plate on the top of the fixed frame, and fastening by using bolts;
5) directly injecting air into the loading device to apply uniform load to the lower soil layer;
6) the jack descends at a set speed until a set settlement amount is reached, the soil sample is settled in the descending process of the jack, the load and the settlement amount are recorded in the settlement process, and the crack and leakage conditions are observed.
Example 11 a method of measuring using the soil settlement deformation model test apparatus of example 2: and manufacturing a model frame according to the fixed frame size of 800mm in length, 200mm in width and 400mm in height. And the periphery is welded and spliced by adopting a steel frame. The three steel plates are welded on the steel frame, and the organic glass is adhered on the fixed frame by strong glue. The bottom of the fixed frame is completely open.
Two reinforced concrete test blocks with the cross sections of 200mm multiplied by 200mm are placed between the steel plates and the model frame, the two reinforced concrete test blocks are placed at the two longitudinal ends of the model box, and the outer sides of the two reinforced concrete test blocks are flush with the model box frame.
The settlement of the soil sample is controlled by a jack, a top supporting plate with the size of 200mm multiplied by 200mm and the thickness of 10mm is arranged between the soil and the jack, and a device which is in contact with the jack is arranged on the top supporting plate corresponding to the position of the jack, so that the jack is in concave-convex connection with the steel plate. The displacement meters are placed on two sides of the jack and are in contact with the upper steel plate to monitor the settlement of the soil body.
The upper part of the steel plate is arranged. Preparing mixed soil according to a certain proportion, filling soil into a loading box body, compacting in three layers, manufacturing a soil sample test piece 2 with the length of 800mm, the width of 200mm and the height of 200mm, and then placing a loading device. A gas transmission channel with a hole with the diameter of 20mm is reserved on a side plate which is arranged on the right side of the organic glass surface and is 100mm away from the top, and a rubber bag with a plastic pipe interface is arranged on the upper side of a soil sample test piece communicated with a plastic pipe. And finally, covering a sealing steel plate, and performing bolt connection on the steel plate by using a preset round hole.
During the test, air is injected into the rubber bag to apply uniform load to the lower soil layer, and the jack descends at a set speed until the set settlement amount is reached. And in the process of descending the jack, the soil sample is settled, the load and the settlement amount are recorded in the settling process, and cracks and the like are observed.
Embodiment 12 a method for measuring the soil settlement deformation using the model test apparatus of embodiment 7, comprising the steps of:
1) placing the settlement adjusting device under the loading box body;
2) paving the configured soil sample test piece from the top of the loading box body to the loading cavity, and keeping the top supporting surface of the settlement adjusting device supported at the bottom of the testing part of the soil sample test piece;
3) placing a plastic box on the surface of the soil sample test piece, laying a waterproof coiled material on the plastic box, finally placing a loading device, and keeping an inflation inlet of the loading device communicated with a gas transmission channel pipeline;
4) covering the sealing plate on the top of the fixed frame, and fastening by using bolts;
5) during the test, a water pipe valve is opened to supply water, air is injected into the loading device after the flow of liquid in the water pipe is stable, and uniform load is applied to the lower soil layer;
6) the jack descends at a set speed until a set settlement amount is reached, the soil sample is settled in the descending process of the jack, the load and the settlement amount are recorded in the settlement process, and the crack and leakage conditions are observed.
Example 13 in this example: the upper part of the steel plate is arranged. Preparing mixed soil according to a certain proportion, filling soil into a model box, compacting in three layers to prepare a soil sample test piece with the length of 800mm, the width of 200mm and the height of 200mm, placing a plastic box on a soil layer, laying a waterproof coiled material on the soil layer, and finally placing a pressurized rubber bag. A layer of bentonite is scattered on the contact surface of the soil body and the wall, and the bentonite expands when encountering water so as to seal the gap between the soil body and the wall of the model box and prevent leakage. An air transmission channel with a hole with the diameter of 20mm is reserved on a steel plate which passes through the right side of the organic glass surface and is 100mm away from the top, and a rubber bag with a plastic pipe connector is arranged on the upper side of the plastic pipe communicated with the soil sample. And finally, covering the sealing plate, and connecting the sealing plate with the steel plate through bolts by using preset round holes.
During the test, the valve of the water pipe is opened to feed water, the water pressure is kept at 9.8kPa, the flow change is observed every 10 minutes, after the flow is stable, air is injected into the rubber belt to apply uniform load to the lower soil layer, and the jack is lowered at a set speed until the set sedimentation amount. And in the process of descending the jack, the soil sample is settled, the load and the settlement amount are recorded in the settling process, and the crack and leakage conditions are observed.
The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concepts, and the scope of the invention should not be considered limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments, but rather the scope of the invention includes equivalent technical means that can be conceived by those skilled in the art based on the inventive concepts.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a model test device that soil body subsides and warp which characterized in that includes:
the loading box body is provided with a loading cavity; the upper part of the loading box body is provided with a gas transmission channel which can be communicated with the loading cavity; a sealing plate used for sealing an opening at the upper end of the loading cavity is detachably mounted at the upper end of the loading box body, and the bottom of the loading cavity is opened;
the loading device is arranged at the upper part of the loading cavity, and an inflation inlet of the loading device is communicated with the gas transmission channel pipeline and is used for inflating and deflating gas into the loading device so as to adjust the size of the space of the loading cavity;
the sedimentation device comprises a sedimentation adjusting device and a sedimentation measuring device, the sedimentation adjusting device is arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame and is blocked at an opening at the lower end of the loading box body, and a gap for accommodating a soil sample test piece is reserved between the sedimentation adjusting device and the loading device; the top supporting surface of the settlement adjusting device is supported on the testing part of the soil sample test piece and used for adjusting the height of the top supporting surface of the settlement adjusting device so as to measure the settlement amount of the testing part of the soil sample test piece.
2. The soil mass settling deformation model test device of claim 1, wherein: the loading box body comprises a fixed frame, a side baffle and a sealing plate, wherein the side baffle is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the fixed frame, the sealing plate is detachably arranged on the top of the fixed frame, the side baffle is enclosed on the side surface of the fixed frame, and a loading cavity with an open bottom is enclosed by the side baffle and the sealing plate; wherein, the upper part of one side baffle is provided with a gas transmission channel.
3. The soil mass settling deformation model test device of claim 1, wherein: the loading device is a rubber bag with an inflation inlet, wherein the inflation inlet of the loading device is communicated with the gas transmission channel pipeline and is used for injecting air into the loading device so as to pressurize the surface of the soil test piece.
4. The soil mass settling deformation model test device of claim 1, wherein: the settlement adjusting device comprises a bottom supporting plate, reinforced concrete test blocks, a horizontal supporting plate, a horizontal adjusting steel pipe and vertical supporting steel pipes, wherein the two reinforced concrete test blocks are symmetrically arranged on the bottom supporting plate, and a settlement area between the two reinforced concrete test blocks is divided into a plurality of areas along the length direction of the block by a plurality of groups of vertical supporting steel pipes; the bottom of a vertical supporting steel pipe is fixedly connected with a bottom supporting plate, the vertical supporting steel pipe is detachably paved with a plurality of layers of horizontal supporting plates from top to bottom along the axial direction, and an adjusting block used for accommodating a horizontal adjusting steel pipe is reserved between the horizontal supporting plates, so that each layer of adjusting block between two adjacent horizontal supporting plates can accommodate only one layer of horizontal adjusting steel pipe, the horizontal adjusting steel pipe is arranged along the width direction of the block, and the highest point and the lowest point of the horizontal adjusting steel pipe are in contact with the corresponding horizontal supporting plates; the uppermost horizontal support plate is used as a top support surface of the settlement adjusting device and is supported under the testing part of the soil sample test piece; and the width direction of the grid block is defined as the axial direction of the horizontal adjusting steel pipe between the two reinforced concrete test blocks, and the length direction of the grid block is defined as the horizontal direction vertical to the axial direction of the horizontal adjusting steel pipe.
5. The soil mass settling deformation model test device of claim 4, wherein: the adjusting grid is divided into two gears from top to bottom, wherein the first gear is adjusted to be positioned on the upper portion of the adjusting grid of the second gear, the height of the first gear is smaller than that of the second gear, namely, the diameter of the horizontal adjusting steel pipe in the first gear is adjusted to be smaller than that of the horizontal adjusting steel pipe in the second gear.
6. The soil mass settling deformation model test device of claim 5, wherein: the settlement measuring device is a measuring scale capable of measuring the settlement displacement of the testing part of the soil sample test piece.
7. The soil body settlement deformation model test device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the settlement adjusting device comprises reinforced concrete test blocks, a top supporting plate and a jack, wherein the two reinforced concrete test blocks are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the fixed frame; the jack is arranged in a settlement area between the two reinforced concrete test blocks, and a top supporting plate which is horizontally arranged is assembled at the top lifting end of the jack; the top supporting plate is used as a top supporting surface of the settlement adjusting device and is supported under the testing part of the soil sample test piece.
8. The soil mass settling deformation model test device of claim 7, wherein: the settlement measuring device is a displacement meter capable of measuring the settlement displacement of the testing part of the soil sample test piece, and the displacement meter is arranged between the bottom supporting plate and the top supporting plate.
9. The soil mass settling deformation model test device of claim 8, wherein: the model test device also comprises a penetration device, wherein the penetration device is arranged between the loading device and the soil sample test piece and comprises a water conveying pipeline, a flowmeter, a waterproof coiled material and a plastic box, and a water conveying port is arranged at the upper part of the loading box body and is arranged at an opening at the upper end of the plastic box and used for injecting water into the plastic box; the first end of the water conveying pipe is communicated with a water conveying port pipeline, and the second end of the water conveying pipe is provided with a flowmeter for controlling the flow in the pipe; the plastic box is laid on the surface of the soil body sample, the upper end of the plastic box is open and is laid with a waterproof coiled material, and the bottom surface and/or the side wall of the plastic box are/is provided with water distribution holes.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114216826A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-03-22 | 浙江工业大学 | Seepage collecting device under simulated settlement condition |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114216826A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-03-22 | 浙江工业大学 | Seepage collecting device under simulated settlement condition |
| CN114216826B (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2024-05-03 | 浙江工业大学 | Seepage liquid collecting device under simulated sedimentation condition |
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