CN210092332U - Dielectric horn antenna - Google Patents
Dielectric horn antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN210092332U CN210092332U CN201920837191.5U CN201920837191U CN210092332U CN 210092332 U CN210092332 U CN 210092332U CN 201920837191 U CN201920837191 U CN 201920837191U CN 210092332 U CN210092332 U CN 210092332U
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Abstract
The application discloses dielectric horn antenna, this dielectric horn antenna include the waveguide and with the waveguide coupled antenna body, the antenna body includes the antenna mouth face, the antenna mouth face is provided with the first medium portion of outside extension, the radiating surface of first medium portion is spherical curved surface. Through the dielectric horn antenna, the directivity and the tapering amplitude of the dielectric horn antenna can be improved, and the side lobe level is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a dielectric horn antenna.
Background
Vehicular and portable satellite antenna on the existing market mainly use single offset reflector antenna structure as main form, and its feed structure is mainly used corrugated horn, but corrugated horn's ripple processing technology is complicated, and the processing cost is higher. In addition, with the development of satellite technology, the working spectrum of the satellite applied to the C/X/Ku frequency band of each country enters a saturated state and is gradually developed to the Ka frequency band, and the technological requirement on the antenna feed source of the Ka frequency band is stricter and the difficulty coefficient is higher.
The horn antenna is widely applied to various fields due to simple structure and good directivity, and on the basis, the width of a wave beam can be reduced and the gain can be improved by coating a layer of medium on the inner wall of the horn antenna to form the medium horn antenna.
The inventor of the application finds that the conventional dielectric horn antenna generally has high side lobe level and low gain in long-term research.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present application provides a dielectric horn antenna, which can improve the directivity and taper amplitude of the dielectric horn antenna, and reduce the side lobe level.
In order to solve the technical problem, the application adopts a technical scheme that: the utility model provides a dielectric horn antenna, dielectric horn antenna include the waveguide and with the antenna body that the waveguide is coupled, the antenna body includes the antenna mouth face, wherein, the antenna mouth face is provided with the first medium portion of outside extension, the radiating surface of first medium portion is spherical curved surface.
Wherein the waveguide comprises a first sidewall, the first sidewall is enclosed into a tubular shape to form a first open end and a second open end which are opposite, the antenna body comprises a second sidewall, the second sidewall is enclosed into a horn shape to form a third open end and a fourth open end which are opposite, wherein the open area of the third open end is smaller than that of the fourth open end, and the third open end is coupled with the second open end;
the dielectric horn antenna further comprises a second dielectric part, the second dielectric part is connected with the first dielectric part, and the outer side wall of the second dielectric part is attached to the second side wall of the antenna body.
The dielectric horn antenna further comprises a third dielectric part, the third dielectric part is connected with the second dielectric part and extends into the cavity of the waveguide, and the thickness of the third dielectric part is gradually increased along the direction close to the second dielectric part.
Wherein the first dielectric portion, the second dielectric portion, and the third dielectric portion are integrally molded.
The thickness of the third medium part is linearly increased or stepwise increased along the direction close to the second medium part.
The waveguide is a circular waveguide, and the antenna body is a conical antenna body.
The ratio of the length of the third medium part to the diameter of the contact surface of the third medium part and the second medium part is in the range of 2-4.
The ratio of the diameter of the antenna opening surface to the radius of the radiation surface of the first medium part is 0.5-0.7.
Wherein, the material of the medium part is an insulating material.
Wherein, the insulating material is Teflon or polypropylene.
The beneficial effect of this application is: the dielectric horn antenna comprises a waveguide and an antenna body coupled with the waveguide, wherein the antenna body comprises an antenna opening surface, the antenna opening surface is provided with a first dielectric part extending outwards, and a radiation surface of the first dielectric part is a spherical curved surface. This application sets up the radiating surface through with first medium portion into spherical curved surface, can improve the ability of assembling to the electromagnetic wave to improve dielectric horn antenna's directionality and taper amplitude, reduce the sidelobe level.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a dielectric horn antenna according to the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a conventional optical wall horn antenna;
FIG. 3 is a normalized directional diagram of the dielectric horn antenna of FIG. 1 and the optical wall horn antenna of FIG. 2 at a frequency of 20.7 GHz;
fig. 4 is a normalized directional diagram of the dielectric horn antenna in fig. 1 and the optical wall horn antenna in fig. 2 at a frequency point of 30.5 GHz.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a dielectric horn antenna according to the present application, where the dielectric horn antenna 10 includes: the antenna comprises a waveguide 11 and an antenna body 12, wherein the antenna body 12 is coupled to the waveguide 11, and the waveguide 11 is used for guiding electromagnetic waves and transmitting the electromagnetic waves to the antenna body 12.
The antenna body 12 includes an antenna opening surface 121, the antenna opening surface 121 is provided with a first dielectric portion 13 extending outward, and a radiation surface of the first dielectric portion 13 is a spherical curved surface. Specifically, the radiation surface of the first dielectric portion 13 at least partially radiates the electromagnetic wave transmitted by the waveguide 11 to form an electromagnetic wave in a free space, or performs an opposite transformation; the radiating surface of the first dielectric part 13 is a spherical curved surface, specifically, the radiating surface of the first dielectric part 13 is not a complete spherical surface, but a partial curved surface on the complete spherical surface, and the extending of the radiating surface of the first dielectric part 13 can form a complete spherical surface. Optionally, the radiating surface of the first medium part 13 is smaller than the hemispherical curved surface.
In the prior art, the radiation surface of the dielectric part filled in the dielectric horn antenna is generally elliptical, and the radiation surface of the first dielectric part 13 is set to be a spherical curved surface, so that the function of converging electromagnetic waves is stronger compared with the elliptical curved surface, the phases of the electromagnetic waves reaching the antenna opening surface 121 can be basically consistent, the phase difference is reduced, the directivity and the tapering amplitude of the dielectric horn antenna 10 can be improved, the side lobe level is reduced, the beam width is reduced, and the antenna gain is improved.
With continued reference to fig. 1, the waveguide 11 includes a first sidewall 111, the first sidewall 111 is enclosed in a tubular shape to form a first open end 1111 and a second open end 1112 which are opposite to each other, the antenna body 12 includes a second sidewall 122, the second sidewall 122 is enclosed in a trumpet shape to form a third open end 1221 and a fourth open end 1222 (antenna aperture face 121) which are opposite to each other, wherein the open area of the third open end 1221 is smaller than that of the fourth open end 1222, and the third open end 1221 and the second open end 1112 are the same in size and are coupled together, so as to realize the coupling of the waveguide 11 and the antenna body 12. Optionally, the material of the first sidewall 111 and the second sidewall 122 are both a metal material, such as copper, aluminum, iron, and the like. Wherein the second sidewall 122 can be formed in various shapes, such as linear, stepped, or curved for ease of processing in fig. 1.
The dielectric horn antenna 10 further includes a second dielectric portion 14, the second dielectric portion 14 is connected to the first dielectric portion 13, and an outer sidewall of the second dielectric portion 14 is attached to a second sidewall 122 of the antenna body 12, that is, the second sidewall 122 surrounds the second dielectric portion 14. By disposing the second dielectric portion 14 to be surrounded by the second sidewall 122 of the antenna body 12, the directivity of the dielectric horn antenna 10 can be further improved, and leakage of electromagnetic waves transmitted from the waveguide 11 to the antenna body 12 can be reduced.
The second medium portion 14 is attached to the second sidewall 122 by an adhesive material or a snap, and it should be noted that when the second medium portion 14 is attached to the second sidewall 122 by an adhesive material, the adhesive material is a conductive material. Optionally, the second dielectric portion 14 fills the antenna body 12, i.e., the second dielectric portion 14 extends from the third open end 1221 to the fourth open end 1222 of the antenna body 12.
Continuing to refer to fig. 1, the dielectric horn antenna 10 further includes a third dielectric portion 15, where the third dielectric portion 15 is connected to the second dielectric portion 14 and extends into the cavity of the waveguide 11, that is, the third dielectric portion 15, the second dielectric portion 14 and the first dielectric portion 13 are connected in sequence, where for convenience of processing, the third dielectric portion 15, the second dielectric portion 14 and the first dielectric portion 13 are integrally formed, that is, may be processed by a mold at one time, which is convenient for processing and is also convenient for being installed in the waveguide 11 and the antenna body 12.
Meanwhile, the thickness of the third medium part 15 gradually increases in a direction approaching the second medium part 14. Specifically, the thickness of the third medium portion 15 increases linearly in the direction approaching the second medium portion 14 (as shown in fig. 1), or increases in a step shape, or increases in a curve shape, or increases in other shapes, and the variation form of the thickness of the third medium portion 15 is not limited herein as long as the thickness thereof increases in the direction approaching the second medium portion 14. It is to be noted that by setting the thickness of the third dielectric portion 15 to be gradually increased in the direction approaching the second dielectric portion 14, that is, the impedance of the third dielectric portion 15 is gradually increased in the direction approaching the second dielectric portion 14, reflection of electromagnetic waves transmitted from the waveguide 11 into the antenna body 12 can be reduced, and the transmission characteristics of the dielectric horn antenna 10 can be improved.
In an application scenario, the waveguide 11 is a circular waveguide, and the antenna body 12 is a conical antenna body, in which the contact surface between the third dielectric portion 15 and the second dielectric portion 14 is circular. Optionally, in the application scenario, a ratio of the length of the third dielectric portion 15 to the diameter of the contact surface between the third dielectric portion 15 and the second dielectric portion 14 ranges from 2 to 4, and a ratio of the diameter of the antenna aperture surface 121 to the radius of the radiation surface of the first dielectric portion 13 ranges from 0.5 to 0.7. Optionally, in this application scenario, the diameter of the waveguide 11 is 13.4 mm, the diameter D of the antenna port face 121 is 52.7 mm, the shortest distance L from the third port 1221 to the fourth port 1222 is 20 mm, and the radius of the radiation face of the first dielectric portion 13 is 0.6 × D.
Of course, in other application scenarios, the waveguide 11 may also be a rectangular waveguide, and the antenna body 12 is a pyramid antenna body.
The materials of the first dielectric portion 13, the second dielectric portion 14, and the third dielectric portion 15 are insulating materials, such as teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene), polypropylene, etc., but in the embodiment, the materials of the first dielectric portion 13, the second dielectric portion 14, and the third dielectric portion 15 may also be some dielectrics with a smaller dielectric constant.
For further description of the dielectric feedhorn 10 of the present application, the dielectric feedhorn 10 and the optical wall feedhorn 20 are compared below.
The optical wall horn antenna 20 has a structure as shown in fig. 2, and the optical wall horn antenna 20 has the same structure, material, and size as the dielectric horn antenna 10 except that the dielectric portion is not filled.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, fig. 3 is a normalized directional diagram of the dielectric horn antenna 10 and the optical wall horn antenna 20 at the frequency point of 20.7GHz, and fig. 4 is a normalized directional diagram of the dielectric horn antenna 10 and the optical wall horn antenna 20 at the frequency point of 30.5 GHz. Wherein, curve 31 in fig. 3 is a normalized graph of the dielectric horn antenna 10, and curve 32 is a normalized graph of the optical wall horn antenna 20; curve 41 in fig. 4 is a normalized graph of the dielectric horn antenna 10, and curve 42 is a normalized graph of the optical wall horn antenna 20.
As can be seen from fig. 3 and 4, the radiation direction of the electromagnetic wave of the dielectric horn antenna 10 filled with the dielectric portion is more concentrated than that of the optical wall horn antenna 20, and the side lobe level is lower, while the antenna taper level of the dielectric horn antenna 10 is lower than that of the optical wall horn antenna. Experiments show that in an application scene with a frequency point of 20.7GHz, the gain of the dielectric horn antenna 10 is approximately 16.1dBi, and the gain of the optical wall horn antenna 20 is approximately 11.0 dBi; in an application scenario with a frequency point of 30.5GHz, the gain of the dielectric horn antenna 10 is approximately 15.8dBi, and the gain of the optical wall horn antenna 20 is approximately 13.1 dBi.
In a specific experiment, the main emission surface is a ka frequency band, a 1.2-meter single offset parabolic antenna, the operating frequency is 30-31 ghz (tx), 20.2-21.2 ghz (rx), the polarization mode is right-hand circular polarization, and when the feed sources used by the main reflection surface are respectively a dielectric horn antenna 10 and an optical wall horn antenna 20, the respective transmission characteristics are as shown in table 1 below.
Table 1 comparison table of transmission characteristics of optical wall horn antenna 20 and dielectric horn antenna 10
As shown in the table, in the Rx stage, the gain of the dielectric horn antenna 10 can be improved by about 0.9dB and the efficiency can be improved by about 12% compared to the optical wall horn antenna 20.
In summary, unlike the prior art, the dielectric horn antenna 10 in the present application includes a waveguide 11 and an antenna body 12 coupled to the waveguide 11, the antenna body 12 includes an antenna aperture surface 121, the antenna aperture surface 121 is provided with a first dielectric portion 13 extending outward, and a radiation surface of the first dielectric portion is a spherical curved surface. The radiation surface of the first medium part 13 is set to be the spherical curved surface, so that the convergence capacity of electromagnetic waves can be improved, the directivity and the tapering amplitude of the medium horn antenna 10 are improved, and the sidelobe level is reduced.
The above embodiments are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure, and all modifications, equivalents, and flow charts using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present disclosure or those directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are intended to be included in the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a dielectric horn antenna, dielectric horn antenna include the waveguide and with the antenna body that the waveguide is coupled, the antenna body includes the antenna mouth face, its characterized in that, the antenna mouth face is provided with the first medium portion of outside extension, the radiating surface of first medium portion is spherical curved surface.
2. A dielectric horn antenna according to claim 1,
the waveguide comprises a first side wall, the first side wall is enclosed into a tubular shape to form a first open end and a second open end which are opposite, the antenna body comprises a second side wall, the second side wall is enclosed into a horn shape to form a third open end and a fourth open end which are opposite, wherein the open area of the third open end is smaller than that of the fourth open end, and the third open end is coupled with the second open end;
the dielectric horn antenna further comprises a second dielectric part, the second dielectric part is connected with the first dielectric part, and the outer side wall of the second dielectric part is attached to the second side wall of the antenna body.
3. A dielectric horn antenna according to claim 2,
the dielectric horn antenna further comprises a third dielectric part, the third dielectric part is connected with the second dielectric part and extends into the cavity of the waveguide, and the thickness of the third dielectric part is gradually increased along the direction close to the second dielectric part.
4. A dielectric horn antenna according to claim 3,
the first medium portion, the second medium portion, and the third medium portion are integrally formed.
5. A dielectric horn antenna according to claim 3,
the thickness of the third medium part is linearly increased or stepwise increased along the direction close to the second medium part.
6. A dielectric horn antenna according to claim 3,
the waveguide is a circular waveguide, and the antenna body is a conical antenna body.
7. A dielectric horn antenna according to claim 6,
the ratio of the length of the third medium part to the diameter of the contact surface of the third medium part and the second medium part is 2-4.
8. A dielectric horn antenna according to claim 6,
the ratio of the diameter of the antenna opening surface to the radius of the radiation surface of the first medium part is 0.5-0.7.
9. A dielectric horn antenna according to claim 1,
the dielectric part is made of an insulating material.
10. A dielectric horn antenna according to claim 9,
the insulating material is Teflon or polypropylene.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920837191.5U CN210092332U (en) | 2019-06-04 | 2019-06-04 | Dielectric horn antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920837191.5U CN210092332U (en) | 2019-06-04 | 2019-06-04 | Dielectric horn antenna |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN210092332U true CN210092332U (en) | 2020-02-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920837191.5U Active CN210092332U (en) | 2019-06-04 | 2019-06-04 | Dielectric horn antenna |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN210092332U (en) |
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