CN210053201U - Low-cost control output overcurrent automatic protection circuit structure based on single chip microcomputer - Google Patents
Low-cost control output overcurrent automatic protection circuit structure based on single chip microcomputer Download PDFInfo
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- CN210053201U CN210053201U CN201921141931.8U CN201921141931U CN210053201U CN 210053201 U CN210053201 U CN 210053201U CN 201921141931 U CN201921141931 U CN 201921141931U CN 210053201 U CN210053201 U CN 210053201U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a technical field of the automatic protection circuit structure that overflows of singlechip discloses low-cost control output automatic protection circuit structure that overflows based on singlechip, including singlechip, main line and many branch circuits that have low-voltage instruction, the one end of main line is the intercommunication with the singlechip and arranges, and the other end of main line is the intercommunication with each branch circuit and arranges, and each branch circuit is parallelly connected the arranging, and the main line is equipped with resistance spare, and the singlechip has preset the low pressure and has detected the threshold value. The internal low-voltage detection circuit of the single chip microcomputer is compared with a preset low-voltage detection threshold value, the circuit is monitored, when the current is too large, the resistance piece generates voltage drop, when the voltage division of the resistance piece is larger, the power supply voltage of the single chip microcomputer is lower, when the voltage of the single chip microcomputer is lower than the preset value, the low-voltage detection function of the single chip microcomputer triggers interruption, the overcurrent circuit is closed, and the purpose of overcurrent protection is achieved; and protection devices such as fuses do not need to be additionally arranged, so that the cost of the circuit provided with the overcurrent automatic protection structure is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The patent of the utility model relates to a technical field of the automatic protection circuit structure that overflows of singlechip particularly, relates to low-cost control output automatic protection circuit structure that overflows based on singlechip.
Background
The single chip microcomputer is a typical embedded microcontroller, is composed of an arithmetic unit, a controller, a memory, input and output equipment and the like, and is equivalent to a microcomputer.
At present, the amplitude of current is detected through the AD of the MCU, the program is complex, and the circuit is relatively complex; through the hardware overcurrent turn-off function, a current sampling resistor is needed, a turn-off circuit is controlled, the circuit is relatively complex, and the control speed is not fast.
In the prior art, overcurrent protection methods generally adopt a fuse, a fuse resistor and other modes, and generally require a relatively large current and a long-time overcurrent, so that devices are easily burnt out and cannot be recovered, and the fuse needs to be replaced, thereby resulting in high cost.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a low-cost control output overflows automatic protection circuit structure based on singlechip, aim at solving prior art, the circuit overcurrent protection problem with high costs.
The utility model discloses a realize like this, low-cost control output overcurrent automatic protection circuit structure based on singlechip, including singlechip, main line and many branch circuits that have the low-voltage instruction, the one end of main line with the singlechip is the intercommunication and arranges, the other end and each of main line divide the circuit to be the intercommunication and arranges, each divide the circuit to be parallelly connected and arrange, the main line is equipped with resistance spare, the singlechip has preset the low pressure and has detected the threshold value.
Further, the EMC filter is arranged in series with the branch lines in one-to-one correspondence.
The LED lamp further comprises pins and a triode, wherein the pins are communicated with the single chip microcomputer, and the triode is respectively communicated with the single chip microcomputer, the pins and a circuit negative electrode.
Furthermore, the branching circuit comprises a plurality of wires and a plurality of resistors R, each resistor R is respectively connected with the triode in series, and each resistor R is connected in parallel.
Furthermore, each branch line is respectively communicated with a power element, and when the current is too large and the voltage of the single chip microcomputer is reduced to be lower than the low-voltage detection threshold value, the low-voltage instruction cuts off the branch line to stop the conduction of the power element.
Furthermore, the test device also comprises a plurality of TP test points, and each TP test point and each branch line are arranged in series.
Furthermore, the capacitor comprises a plurality of capacitor parts, and each branch line is provided with the capacitor part.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a low-cost control output overcurrent automatic protection circuit structure based on singlechip, when the singlechip used, the inside low pressure detection circuitry of singlechip compares with the low pressure detection threshold value of predetermineeing, realizes the control to the circuit, when the electric current was too big, resistance spare produced the pressure drop, when the partial pressure of resistance spare is big more, the supply voltage of singlechip will be lower more, when the voltage of singlechip is less than the default, the low pressure detection function trigger of singlechip was interrupted, closed overcurrent circuit, reached overcurrent protection's purpose; and protection devices such as fuses do not need to be additionally arranged, so that the cost of the circuit provided with the overcurrent automatic protection structure is greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit layout diagram of the low-cost control output overcurrent automatic protection circuit structure based on the single chip microcomputer provided by the utility model;
fig. 2 is a schematic layout diagram of an output control circuit of the low-cost control output overcurrent automatic protection circuit structure based on the single chip microcomputer;
fig. 3 is a schematic circuit layout diagram of the single chip microcomputer of the low-cost control output overcurrent automatic protection circuit structure based on the single chip microcomputer;
fig. 4 is the utility model provides a low-cost control output overflows the implementation schematic diagram of overcurrent circuit protection of singlechip of automatic protection circuit structure based on singlechip.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The following describes the implementation of the present invention in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the present embodiment correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but it is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limitations of the present patent, and those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the terms according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown.
The utility model provides a low-cost control output automatic protection circuit structure that overflows based on singlechip for solve the problem that circuit overcurrent protection is with high costs.
Low-cost control output overcurrent automatic protection circuit structure based on singlechip, including singlechip, main line and many branch lines, the singlechip has the low voltage instruction, and the one end of main line is the intercommunication with the singlechip and arranges, and the other end of main line is the intercommunication with each branch line and arranges, and each branch line is parallelly connected and arranges, and the main line is equipped with resistance 20, and the singlechip has preset the low pressure and has detected the threshold value.
When the single chip microcomputer is used, an internal low-voltage detection circuit of the single chip microcomputer is compared with a preset low-voltage detection threshold value to monitor the circuit, when the current is too large, the resistance piece 20 generates a voltage drop, the higher the voltage division of the resistance piece 20 is, the lower the power supply voltage of the single chip microcomputer is, and when the voltage of the single chip microcomputer is lower than the preset value, the low-voltage detection function of the single chip microcomputer triggers interruption to close the overcurrent circuit, so that the aim of overcurrent protection is fulfilled; and protection devices such as fuses do not need to be additionally arranged, so that the cost of the circuit provided with the overcurrent automatic protection structure is greatly reduced.
The principle of voltage division, in a series circuit, the currents on the resistance members 20 are equal, and the sum of the voltages at the two ends of each resistance member 20 is equal to the total voltage of the circuit; the voltage of the resistive member 20 is less than the total voltage of the circuit, so the series resistive member 20 divides the voltage; namely R1: R2 ═ U1: u2.
In the embodiment, the low-cost control output overcurrent automatic protection circuit structure based on the single chip microcomputer comprises a plurality of EMC filters 30, wherein the EMC filters 30 and branch lines are correspondingly arranged in series one by one; under the action of the EMC filter 30, strong electromagnetic interference and electric spark interference are reduced when the circuit is used.
The low voltage command is LVD, so that the safety of low voltage equipment in use is ensured, and the voltage value of the circuit is detected.
Specifically, the low-cost control output overcurrent automatic protection circuit structure based on the single chip microcomputer comprises pins and a triode, wherein the pins are communicated with the single chip microcomputer, and the triode is respectively communicated with the single chip microcomputer, the pins and a circuit negative electrode; therefore, under the action of the pins, the connection between the internal circuit of the single chip microcomputer and a peripheral circuit is led out, and the single chip microcomputer is convenient to be butted with the outside; under the cooperation of the low-voltage instruction of the single chip microcomputer and the preset low-voltage detection threshold value, the use of the triode is protected, and the phenomenon that the triode is damaged due to large overcurrent is avoided.
Each branch circuit is respectively communicated with a power part, and when the current is overlarge and the voltage of the single chip microcomputer is reduced to be lower than a low-voltage detection threshold value, the branch circuit is cut off by a low-voltage instruction, and the conduction of the power part is stopped; therefore, the power element is protected, and meanwhile, as the power element is a main power supply element and a using element of the circuit, when a branch line is cut off by a low-voltage instruction, the whole circuit is protected.
The power piece can be a lamp strip or other electronic pieces, when the overcurrent current of the lamp strip is too large, the resistance piece 20 generates partial voltage, when the voltage of the single chip microcomputer is lower than a preset low-voltage detection threshold value, a low-voltage instruction triggers interruption, and an interruption program turns off the output of the lamp strip, so that the aim of overcurrent protection is fulfilled; the overcurrent can realize the turn-off output within 1 ms.
The test circuit also comprises a plurality of TP test points, and each TP test point and each branch line are arranged in series; the PCB is also called a circuit board; the detection of the setting of each element on the circuit board, the detection of the welding point and the detection of the circuit conduction are realized.
Specifically, the low-cost control output overcurrent automatic protection circuit structure based on the single chip microcomputer comprises a plurality of capacitance pieces, and each branching circuit is provided with the capacitance piece respectively, so that the storage and the release of electric energy are realized.
Each branch circuit is provided with a resistor, so that the circuit is protected.
The branching circuit comprises a plurality of leads and a plurality of resistors R, each resistor R is respectively arranged in series with the triode, and each resistor R is arranged in parallel; and realizing circuit conduction.
The branch line is connected with a triode and a plurality of resistors R, each resistor R is respectively arranged in series with the triode, and each resistor R is arranged in parallel; thus, circuit layout and circuit conduction are realized.
R represents a resistor, C represents a capacitor, D represents a diode, and Q represents a triode.
RST is a simple word of RESET, and the RESET signal is generally used in a circuit having a CPU, and means RESET and initialization, and the RESET signal is used to initialize the circuit at the time of power-on and to restart the circuit when an abnormal halt occurs in the operating state of the circuit.
CON is a socket, i.e. an interface; j is typically a jumper.
The single chip microcomputer forms a TXD output end, one end of the branch line is communicated with the TXD output end, the other end of the branch line is communicated with the EMC filter 30, the EMC filter 30 is communicated with the triode, and the triode is communicated with the negative electrode of the circuit; the use of the line is realized.
The single chip microcomputer forms an RXD input end, one end of the branch line is communicated with the RXD input end, the other end of the branch line is communicated with an EMC filter 30, the EMC filter 30 is communicated with the diode, and the diode is communicated with the negative electrode of the circuit; the use of the line is realized.
The TXD output end is the shorthand form of the transmission Data transmit (tx) Data; the RXD input terminal is an abbreviated form of receiving Data receive (rx) Data.
Fig. 4 shows that the power supply voltage of the single chip microcomputer is reduced due to overcurrent, then the lamp strip output function is turned off, and the output time from voltage drop to LED turn off is 400 uS; high efficiency, thereby effectively ensuring the effective protection of circuit overcurrent.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the preset power supply voltage of the single chip microcomputer is 5V, when the current of the lamp strip reaches 0.5A, the voltage drop of the resistor 20 is 0.75V, and at the moment, the power supply voltage of the single chip microcomputer is 5V-0.75-4.25V; an LVD detection circuit in the single chip microcomputer sets a low-voltage detection threshold value to be 4.3V, when overcurrent occurs, and the voltage drops below 4.3V instantly, interruption is generated, and in a low-voltage detection interruption program, the electric energy output of the lamp strip is turned off, so that the aim of overcurrent protection is fulfilled.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The low-cost control output overcurrent automatic protection circuit structure based on the single chip microcomputer is characterized by comprising the single chip microcomputer with a low-voltage instruction, a main circuit and a plurality of branch circuits, wherein one end of the main circuit is communicated with the single chip microcomputer, the other end of the main circuit is communicated with the branch circuits, the branch circuits are arranged in parallel, the main circuit is provided with a resistance piece, and a low-voltage detection threshold value is preset on the single chip microcomputer.
2. The single-chip microcomputer based low-cost control output overcurrent automatic protection circuit structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising a plurality of EMC filters, wherein the EMC filters are arranged in series in one-to-one correspondence with the branch lines.
3. The low-cost control output overcurrent automatic protection circuit structure based on the single chip microcomputer as claimed in claim 2, characterized by comprising a pin and a triode, wherein the pin is communicated with the single chip microcomputer, and the triode is respectively communicated with the single chip microcomputer, the pin and a circuit cathode.
4. The low-cost control output overcurrent automatic protection circuit structure based on the single chip microcomputer of claim 3, wherein the branch line comprises a plurality of conducting wires and a plurality of resistors R, each resistor R is respectively arranged in series with the triode, and each resistor R is arranged in parallel.
5. The low-cost control output overcurrent automatic protection circuit structure based on the single-chip microcomputer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein each branch line is respectively communicated with a power element, and when the voltage of the single-chip microcomputer drops below the low-voltage detection threshold value when the current is too large, the low-voltage instruction cuts off the branch line to stop the conduction of the power element.
6. The single-chip microcomputer-based low-cost control output overcurrent automatic protection circuit structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a plurality of TP test points, wherein each TP test point and each branch line are arranged in series.
7. The low-cost control output overcurrent automatic protection circuit structure based on the single-chip microcomputer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising a plurality of capacitance pieces, and each branch line is provided with the capacitance piece.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921141931.8U CN210053201U (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2019-07-19 | Low-cost control output overcurrent automatic protection circuit structure based on single chip microcomputer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921141931.8U CN210053201U (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2019-07-19 | Low-cost control output overcurrent automatic protection circuit structure based on single chip microcomputer |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN210053201U true CN210053201U (en) | 2020-02-11 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201921141931.8U Active CN210053201U (en) | 2019-07-19 | 2019-07-19 | Low-cost control output overcurrent automatic protection circuit structure based on single chip microcomputer |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN210053201U (en) |
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