CN210051915U - Rapid calibration device of tipping bucket type rain gauge - Google Patents
Rapid calibration device of tipping bucket type rain gauge Download PDFInfo
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- CN210051915U CN210051915U CN201921206321.1U CN201921206321U CN210051915U CN 210051915 U CN210051915 U CN 210051915U CN 201921206321 U CN201921206321 U CN 201921206321U CN 210051915 U CN210051915 U CN 210051915U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a rapid calibration method and a rapid calibration device of a tipping bucket rain gauge, which belong to the technical field of meteorology and hydrology. A rapid calibration device of a tipping bucket rain gauge mainly comprises the tipping bucket rain gauge (1) to be calibrated, a constant rain intensity peristaltic pump (2), an acceleration peristaltic pump (3), a counter (4), an electronic balance (5), a water supply bottle (6) and a controller (7). The controller (7) is connected with the peristaltic pump (2) with fixed rain intensity, the acceleration peristaltic pump (3), the counter (4) and the electronic balance (5) through communication lines (8); the counter (4) is connected with the tipping bucket rain gauge (1) through a lead (9) and is provided with a corresponding calibration method. Compared with the conventional tipping bucket rain gauge calibration method, the time from 1/2 to 3/4 can be saved, and the efficiency of the tipping bucket rain gauge calibration can be greatly improved. The method and the device can efficiently calibrate the tipping bucket rain gauge, and have good application value in the application of the meteorology and hydrology industries.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a calibration device of a tipping bucket rain gauge, in particular to a rapid calibration method and a rapid calibration device of the tipping bucket rain gauge, which belong to the technical field of meteorology and hydrology.
Background
Rainfall is a factor routinely monitored in meteorological and hydrological studies. The rainfall is most commonly measured by a tipping bucket rain gauge, but the tipping bucket needs to be calibrated after being used for a period of time, and generally needs to be calibrated at least once in a year. In order to more accurately characterize the rain-strength-error characteristics of a dump bucket rain gauge, multiple calibrations need to be done at multiple different rain strengths, which is a time-consuming task. Therefore, a fast calibration method and a fast calibration device are needed to finish the calibration of the tipping bucket rain gauge efficiently, which has good application value in the application of the meteorology and hydrology industries.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the utility model is how to fast rate the tipping bucket rain gauge.
An object of the utility model is to provide a to the quick calibration method and the device of tipping-bucket rain gauge to above-mentioned condition, make meteorological and hydrology monitoring personnel can fast calibrate tipping-bucket rain gauge.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a technical scheme is: a rapid calibration device of a tipping bucket rain gauge mainly comprises the tipping bucket rain gauge (1) to be calibrated, a constant rain intensity peristaltic pump (2), an acceleration peristaltic pump (3), a counter (4), an electronic balance (5), a water supply bottle (6) and a controller (7). The controller (7) can adopt a notebook computer, a desktop computer or a singlechip. The controller (7) is connected with the peristaltic pump (2) with fixed rain intensity, the acceleration peristaltic pump (3) and the counter (4) through communication lines; the counter (4) is connected with the tipping bucket type rain gauge (1) through a lead (9).
The water supply bottle (6) is placed on an electronic balance (5), the electronic balance (5) can record the mass of the beginning and the end of the water supply bottle and transmit the data to the controller (7), and the controller (7) calculates and obtains the total water amount injected into the tipping bucket type rain gauge (1) in a calibration process.
The peristaltic pump (2) is used for simulating a rainfall process with constant rainfall intensity, different flow rates can be set to simulate different rainfall intensities (such as 0.1mm/min, 0.2 mm/min, 0.4 mm/min, 1mm/min, 2 mm/min and 4 mm/min), and water in the water supply bottle (6) is injected into the tipping bucket type rain gauge (1) at a fixed flow rate through the peristaltic pump pipe (10).
The output type counter (4) can preset target times N, and generally 10mm is divided by the sensitive quantity h (mm) of the tipping bucket rain gauge, so that N is 100, 50, 20 and 10 in sequence for the tipping bucket rain gauge with the sensitive quantities of 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 1 mm. The counter (4) is connected with the tipping bucket rain gauge (1) through a lead (9) and is connected with the controller (7) through a communication line, so that the controller can obtain the turning times of the tipping bucket rain gauge (1) in real time, when the turning times reach N, the strong rain peristaltic pump (2) is immediately controlled to stop supplying water to the tipping bucket rain gauge (1), and a simulated rainfall process is finished.
During the calibration process, when the value of the counter (4) is increased by 1 and is smaller than N, the accelerating peristaltic pump (3) starts to pump a certain amount of accelerating water V (1/2 to 3/4 single bucket water can be taken) from the water supply bottle (5) to be rapidly injected into the tipping bucket rain gauge (1), and the flow can adopt 4 mm/min. For large tipping buckets with inductance of 0.5 and 1mm, 3/4 × h × 31.42mL can be adopted for V; for small skips with inductance of 0.1 and 2mm, V can be 1/2 × h 31.42mL, because the skips are sensitive. Because the metering error of the bucket type rain gauge of different rain intensities occurs in the short process from the start of the tipping bucket to the level, and the water injection of the acceleration peristaltic pump (3) into the tipping bucket does not occur in the process, the acceleration peristaltic pump (3) can play the effect of acceleration rate determination while the rate determination result (namely the relation between the rain intensity and the metering error) of the bucket type rain gauge is not influenced.
The utility model provides a quick calibration method of tipping bucket rain gauge, including following specific step:
step one, calculating theoretical single-bucket water quantity of the tipping bucket rain gauge according to the sensing quantity h of the tipping bucket rain gauge (1), wherein the standard device opening area S of the tipping bucket rain gauge in China is 314.2cm
2Theoretical single bucket water quantities of the tipping bucket rain gauge corresponding to the sensible quantities of h 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 1mm V0 are 3.142, 6.284, 15.71 and 31.42cm respectively
3。
And step two, according to the requirement of the total simulated rainfall amount of 10mm, the target times N of turning of the tipping bucket rain gauge corresponding to the sensible quantities of h 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 1mm are respectively 100, 50, 20 and 10. Setting a preset target number of times of the counter (4).
And step three, calculating the flow Q of the constant rain intensity peristaltic pump (2) to be i x 31.42(mL/min) according to the rain intensity i to be simulated as required, setting the output flow of the constant rain intensity peristaltic pump (2), and starting the constant rain intensity peristaltic pump (2) to supply water to the tipping bucket type rain gauge (1).
And step four, in the calibration process, when the value of the counter (4) is increased by 1 and is smaller than N, starting the acceleration peristaltic pump (3) to pump acceleration water volume V (1/2-3/4 single bucket water volume can be taken) from the water supply bottle (5), and injecting the acceleration water volume V into the tipping bucket rain gauge (1) at the speed of 4mm/min until the output counter (4) reaches the preset target times, and finishing one-time rainfall simulation. The controller (7) receives the initial mass M1 and the end mass M2 of the electronic balance (5), and calculates the metering error e of the tipping bucket rain gauge (1) at 0.1mm/min rain intensity to be [ N x h 31.42- (M1-M2) ]/(M1-M2) 100%.
And step five, repeating the step three and the step four for n times (generally less than 3) to obtain the metering error of the tipping bucket rain gauge (1) repeated for n times at the rain intensity of 0.1 mm/min.
And step six, setting the simulated raininess i to be 0.2, 0.4, 1, 2 and 4mm/min, and repeating the steps three to five to obtain the metering errors of the tipping bucket type rain gauge (1) which are repeated n times under different simulated rainhardnesses.
And seventhly, taking the simulated rainfall intensity as an x axis and the corresponding metering error as a y axis, and making a rainfall intensity-metering error curve of the tipping bucket type rain gauge (1).
Has the advantages that:
compared with the conventional bucket rain gauge calibration method, the calibration result consistent with that of the conventional method can be obtained, 1/2-3/4 time can be saved, the efficiency of bucket rain gauge calibration can be improved to a great extent, and a great amount of time is saved for rain gauge calibration personnel or scientific research personnel.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a rain intensity-metering error curve of example 1.
In the figure: 1-tipping bucket rain gauge; 2-fixed rain intensity peristaltic pump; 3-an accelerating peristaltic pump; 4-a counter; 5-an electronic balance; 6-water supply bottle; 7-a controller; 8-a communication line; 9-a wire; 10-peristaltic pump tube.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example (b):
a rapid calibration device of a tipping bucket rain gauge mainly comprises a tipping bucket rain gauge 1 to be calibrated, a constant rain intensity peristaltic pump 2, an accelerating peristaltic pump 3, a counter 4, an electronic balance 5, a water supply bottle 6 and a controller 7, wherein the controller 7 is connected with the constant rain intensity peristaltic pump 2, the accelerating peristaltic pump 3, the counter 4 and the electronic balance 5 through communication lines 8; the counter 4 is connected with the tipping bucket rain gauge 1 through a lead 9, the water supply bottle 6 is placed on an electronic balance 5, the electronic balance 5 can record the quality of the beginning and the end of the water supply bottle, data is transmitted to the controller 7, the controller 7 calculates and obtains the total water amount injected into the tipping bucket rain gauge 1 in a calibration process, the peristaltic pump 2 is used for simulating the rainfall process with constant rain intensity, the water of the water supply bottle 6 is injected into the tipping bucket rain gauge 1 at a fixed flow rate through the peristaltic pump pipe 10, the output type counter 4 can preset a target number of times N, 10mm is divided by the sensing amount h mm of the tipping bucket rain gauge, the counter 4 is connected with the tipping bucket rain gauge 1 through the lead 9 and is connected with the controller 7 through a communication line 8, the controller 7 can obtain the turning number of times of the tipping bucket rain gauge 1 in real time, when the turning number of times reaches N, immediately controlling the constant rain intensity peristaltic pump 2 to stop supplying water to the tipping bucket type rain gauge 1, and ending a simulated rainfall process; in the calibration process, when the value of the counter 4 is increased by 1 and is smaller than N, the accelerating peristaltic pump 3 starts to pump a certain amount of accelerating water V from the water supply bottle 6 and rapidly injects the certain amount of accelerating water V into the skip bucket type rain gauge 1 at the flow rate of 2-8 mm/min.
The peristaltic pump 2 with fixed rain intensity can set different flow rates to simulate different rain intensities, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 1, 2 or 4 mm/min.
For 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 1mm sensible dump rain gauges, N is 100, 50, 20 and 10 in that order.
The accelerated water volume V is 1/2-3/4 single bucket water volume, and is quickly injected into the tipping bucket rain gauge 1, and the flow can adopt 4-8 mm/min.
The measuring range of the electronic balance 5 is 3000-5000mL, and the resolution is 0.01 g; the water storage cylinder 6 on the electronic balance 5 needs to be provided with a cover with holes, so that the influence of evaporation on detection is reduced.
The controller 7 can control the flow and the switch of the peristaltic pump 2 for strong rainfall and the peristaltic pump 3 for acceleration.
The controller 7 can record the digital change of the counter 4 and control the switch of the accelerating peristaltic pump 3 accordingly.
The using method of the tipping bucket type rain gauge calibrating device comprises the following steps:
step one, calculating theoretical single-bucket water quantity of the tipping bucket rain gauge according to the sensing quantity h of the tipping bucket rain gauge 1, wherein the standard gauge opening area S of the tipping bucket rain gauge in China is 314.2cm
2Theoretical single bucket water quantities of the tipping bucket rain gauge corresponding to the sensible quantities of h 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 1mm V0 are 3.142, 6.284, 15.71 and 31.42cm respectively
3；
Step two, setting the preset target times of a counter 4 according to the requirement that the total rainfall simulation amount is 10mm, wherein the target times N of turning of the tipping bucket rain gauge corresponding to the sensible quantities of h 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 1mm are respectively 100, 50, 20 and 10;
step three, calculating the flow Q of the constant rain intensity peristaltic pump 2 to be i x 31.42mL/min according to the rain intensity i to be simulated as required, setting the output flow of the constant rain intensity peristaltic pump 2, and starting the constant rain intensity peristaltic pump 2 to supply water to the tipping bucket type rain gauge 1;
step four, in the calibration process, when the value of the counter 4 is increased by 1 and is smaller than N, the acceleration peristaltic pump 3 starts to pump acceleration water volume V from the water supply bottle 5, wherein 1/2-3/4 single bucket water volume can be taken, and the acceleration water volume V is injected into the tipping bucket type rain gauge 1 at the speed of 4mm/min until the output type counter 4 reaches the preset target times, and one-time rainfall simulation is finished; the controller 7 receives the initial mass M1 and the final mass M2 of the electronic balance 5, and calculates the metering error e of the tipping bucket rain gauge 1 at 0.1mm/min rain intensity to be [ N × h × 31.42- (M1-M2) ]/(M1-M2) × 100%;
step five, repeating the step three and n times, wherein n is more than or equal to 3, and obtaining the metering error of the tipping bucket rain gauge 1 repeated n times at the rain intensity of 0.1 mm/min;
step six, setting the simulated raininess i to be 0.2, 0.4, 1, 2 and 4mm/min, and repeating the steps three to five to obtain the metering errors of the tipping bucket type rain gauge 1 which are repeated n times under different simulated raininess;
and step seven, taking the simulated rainfall intensity as an x axis and the corresponding metering error as a y axis, and making a rainfall intensity-metering error curve of the tipping bucket type rain gauge 1.
By adopting the method and the device, the induction quantities of JDZ01, JDZ02, JDZ05, JDZ10 and other rain gauges developed by Nanjing hydrographic automation research institute are rated at 0.1mm, 0.2 mm, 0.5 mm and 1mm respectively, the injected water quantity is 10mm, the rainfall intensities of 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 mm, 1, 2, 4mm/min and the like are simulated, the rainfall intensities are measured for three times per rainfall intensity, a rainfall intensity-metering error curve is shown in a graph 2, and the comparison with the use time of the conventional method is shown in a table 1 and a table 2 shows that the time from 1/2 to 3/4 can be saved at least, and the calibration efficiency of the tipping bucket type rain gauge is improved to a great extent.
TABLE 1 time required to determine JDZ01, JDZ02 using 10mm rainfall rate
TABLE 2 time required to determine JDZ05, JDZ10 using 10mm rainfall rate
The utility model discloses a not be limited to the concrete technical scheme of above-mentioned embodiment, the technical scheme that all adopt to equate to replace formation is the utility model discloses the scope of protection that requires.
Claims (7)
1. A quick calibration device of a tipping bucket rain gauge is characterized in that: the rain gauge mainly comprises a tipping bucket type rain gauge (1) to be calibrated, a fixed rain intensity peristaltic pump (2), an accelerating peristaltic pump (3), a counter (4), an electronic balance (5), a water supply bottle (6) and a controller (7), wherein the controller (7) is connected with the fixed rain intensity peristaltic pump (2), the accelerating peristaltic pump (3), the counter (4) and the electronic balance (5) through communication lines (8); the counter (4) is connected with the tipping bucket rain gauge (1) through a lead (9) and is connected with the controller (7) through a communication line (8), the water supply bottle (6) is placed on an electronic balance (5), the electronic balance (5) can record the quality of the beginning and the end of the water supply bottle and transmit data to the controller (7), the controller (7) calculates the total water amount injected into the tipping bucket rain gauge (1) in a calibration process, the peristaltic pump (2) is used for simulating the rainfall process with constant rainfall intensity, the water in the water supply bottle (6) is injected into the tipping bucket rain gauge (1) at a fixed flow rate through the peristaltic pump pipe (10), the counter (4) can preset a target number N, the N is 10mm divided by the sensing amount h mm of the tipping bucket rain gauge, and the controller (7) can obtain the turning number of the tipping bucket rain gauge (1) in real time, when the turning times reach N, immediately controlling the strong rain peristaltic pump (2) to stop supplying water to the tipping bucket type rain gauge (1), and ending a rainfall simulation process; in the calibration process, when the value of the counter (4) is increased by 1 and is smaller than N, the accelerating peristaltic pump (3) starts to pump a certain amount of accelerating water V from the water supply bottle (6) and rapidly injects the certain amount of accelerating water into the tipping bucket type rain gauge (1) at the flow rate of 2-8 mm/min.
2. The rapid calibration device for a dump bucket rain gauge according to claim 1, wherein: the peristaltic pump (2) with fixed rain intensity can set different flow rates to simulate different rain intensities, namely 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 1, 2 or 4 mm/min.
3. The rapid calibration device for a dump bucket rain gauge according to claim 1, wherein: for a 0.1, 0.2, 0.5 or 1mm sensible dump bucket rain gauge, N is 100, 50, 20 or 10 in sequence.
4. The rapid calibration device for a dump bucket rain gauge according to claim 1, wherein: the accelerated water volume V is 1/2-3/4 single bucket water volume, and is quickly injected into the tipping bucket rain gauge (1), and the flow can adopt 4-8 mm/min.
5. The rapid calibration device for a dump bucket rain gauge according to claim 1, wherein: the range of the electronic balance (5) is 3000-5000mL, and the resolution is 0.01 g; the water supply bottle (6) on the electronic balance (5) needs to be provided with a cover with holes, so that the influence of evaporation on the detection is reduced.
6. The rapid calibration device for a dump bucket rain gauge according to claim 1, wherein: the controller (7) can control the flow and the switch of the peristaltic pump (2) with fixed rain intensity and the peristaltic pump (3) with acceleration.
7. The rapid calibration device for a dump bucket rain gauge according to claim 1, wherein: the controller (7) can record the digital change of the counter (4) and control the switch of the acceleration peristaltic pump (3) according to the digital change.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110333559A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-10-15 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of quick calibration method and device of tipping-bucket rain-gauge |
| CN112747807A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-04 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Calibration method and device of tipping bucket type flowmeter |
-
2019
- 2019-07-29 CN CN201921206321.1U patent/CN210051915U/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110333559A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2019-10-15 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of quick calibration method and device of tipping-bucket rain-gauge |
| CN110333559B (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2024-04-12 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Quick rate determining method and device for skip type rain gauge |
| CN112747807A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-04 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Calibration method and device of tipping bucket type flowmeter |
| CN112747807B (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2024-03-19 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Calibrating method and device of skip bucket flowmeter |
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