CN210037798U - Testing arrangement of limit expansive force among expanded rock hydration process - Google Patents
Testing arrangement of limit expansive force among expanded rock hydration process Download PDFInfo
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- CN210037798U CN210037798U CN201920789812.7U CN201920789812U CN210037798U CN 210037798 U CN210037798 U CN 210037798U CN 201920789812 U CN201920789812 U CN 201920789812U CN 210037798 U CN210037798 U CN 210037798U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a testing arrangement of swelling rock hydration in-process limit expansive force, the utility model discloses a testing arrangement simple structure, convenient operation, the accuracy is high, and with low costs, through letting in steam in to the sealed cowling, tests the relation between the volume change and the time and the humidity of swelling rock hydration in-process to for providing the reference to the research of the harm characteristic of swelling rock, steam generator's switch is controlled by controlling means, makes the humidity in the sealed cowling keep within b to the a scope, so both the power saving can reach the humidity requirement again. The utility model discloses can be very convenient test hydration in-process limit expansibility to the accuracy is high, the cost is lower, to studying the expansibility of expansion rock, to the prevention and the solution of the phenomenon that bottom plate uplift, side wall extrusion, concrete lining destroy appear often in mine tunnel, railway tunnel, the grotto engineering have guiding meaning.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an inflation volume test technical field in the inflation rock hydration process, concretely relates to testing arrangement of inflation rock hydration in-process limit expansive force.
Background
The swelling rock is a rock whose volume increases when it comes into contact with water, and is called swelling rock because it contains a large amount of hydrophilic minerals and undergoes a large volume change when humidity changes. In recent years, in the development of resource and energy and in traffic, water conservancy, electric power and town construction projects, engineering problems caused by expansive rocks are encountered, for example, in railway tunnels and cavern projects, due to the water-swelling characteristic of the expansive rocks, phenomena such as uplift, side wall extrusion, concrete lining damage and the like often occur on tunnel bottom plates, and the phenomena bring serious loss to the tunnel engineering construction. Therefore, the research on the volume expansion characteristics of the expanded rock can be used for understanding the damage of the expanded rock to the tunnel engineering, and the method has very important theoretical value and engineering significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to study the side limit expansion characteristic of the expansion rock better, the utility model provides a simple structure, convenient operation, high, the lower test device of the side limit expansive force of the expansion rock hydration in-process of cost of accuracy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that the testing device for the lateral limit expansion force in the hydration process of the expanded rock comprises a reaction frame, a sealing device, a humidity sensor, a steam generator and a control device, wherein the reaction frame comprises a base and a cross beam, two vertical upright posts are respectively fixed on two sides of the upper end of the base, and two ends of the cross beam are respectively fixed on the upper ends of the two vertical upright posts; the middle part of a cross beam of the reaction frame is provided with a threaded through hole, a threaded rod is connected with the threaded through hole in a threaded manner, the upper end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected with a handle, the lower end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected with an installation block, the installation block is positioned in the installation frame and is rotationally connected with the installation frame, two ends of the installation frame are respectively sleeved on the two vertical stand columns, and a pressure sensor is arranged below the installation frame; the sealing device comprises a cylindrical sealing cover, a side limit steel cylinder, an upper plate, a lower plate, an upper sealing disc and a lower sealing disc, wherein a circular upper boss is inwards arranged at the top end of the cylindrical sealing cover; the expansive rock sample is placed in the side limiting steel cylinder, and the upper sealing disc is placed on the expansive rock sample and positioned in the circular upper boss; the upper plate is placed above the cylindrical sealing cover, an upper pressure head, a first cushion block, a gasket and a second cushion block are sequentially placed above the upper plate from bottom to top, and a displacement sensor is mounted on the gasket; a probe of the humidity sensor is positioned in the annular cavity, the humidity sensor is connected with the control device, the control device controls a switch connected with the steam generator, and the steam generator is communicated with the annular cavity through a steam pipeline; and air holes are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the side limiting steel cylinder.
Preferably, the control device comprises a schmitt trigger, a not gate and a fixed value resistor, an input end of the schmitt trigger is connected with the humidity sensor, an output end of the schmitt trigger is connected with a switch of the steam generator through the not gate, the schmitt trigger, the not gate and the switch of the steam generator are all connected with a direct current power supply through the fixed value resistor, and the switch of the steam generator adopts an electromagnetic relay.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the circular lower boss is the same as the diameter of the lower sealing disc; the inner diameter of the circular upper lug boss is the same as the diameter of the upper sealing disc.
The method for testing by adopting the testing device for the lateral limited expansive force in the hydration process of the expansive rock sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) heating and dehydrating the expansive rock, processing the expansive rock into a cylindrical expansive rock sample by using a clamp, and putting the expansive rock sample into a side limiting steel cylinder;
(2) the handle is rotated, the threaded rod is driven by the handle to move downwards, the mounting frame and the pressure sensor are driven to move downwards through the mounting block, and when the pressure sensor contacts the second cushion block, the readings of the pressure sensor and the displacement sensor at the moment are recorded;
(3) the switch of the steam generator is triggered to be switched off by a low level and switched on by a high level, the steam generator is controlled to be switched on by a control device, when the humidity sensor detects that the humidity in the sealing cover exceeds a set value a, the Schmidt trigger outputs the high level, the high level is changed into the low level after passing through a NOT gate, the switch of the steam generator is switched off, and the steam generator stops running; when the humidity sensor detects that the humidity of the expansive rock sample is between b and a (b < a), the Schmidt trigger continuously outputs high level to maintain the state of the steam generator unchanged, and at the moment, the steam content in the sealing cover is continuously reduced; when the humidity sensor detects that the humidity of the expansive rock sample is lower than a set value b, the Schmidt trigger outputs a low level which is changed into a high level after passing through a NOT gate, a switch of the steam generator is opened, and the steam generator starts to operate again, so that the humidity in the sealing cover is kept in a range from b to a;
(4) steam enters the sealing cover through a steam pipeline, the expansive rock sample expands when encountering water and is upwards pressed on the upper plate, so that the reading of the displacement sensor is changed; when the variable quantity of the readings of the displacement sensor exceeds a set threshold value, rotating a handle on the reaction frame to restore the readings of the displacement sensor to an initial position, and recording data recorded by the pressure sensor and the humidity sensor at the moment;
(5) and (5) circulating the steps to obtain the expansion characteristic of the expansive rock changing along with time.
The utility model discloses the beneficial effect who produces is: the utility model discloses simple structure, convenient operation, the accuracy is high, and is with low costs, through letting in steam in to the sealed cowling, tests the relation between volume change and time and the humidity of inflation rock hydration in-process to for providing the reference to the research of the harm characteristic of inflation rock, steam generator's switch is controlled by controlling means, makes the humidity in the sealed cowling keep within b to the a scope, and not only the power saving can reach the humidity requirement again like this. The utility model discloses can be very convenient test hydration in-process limit expansibility to the accuracy is high, the cost is lower, to studying the expansibility of expansion rock, to the prevention and the solution of the phenomenon that bottom plate uplift, side wall extrusion, concrete lining destroy appear often in mine tunnel, railway tunnel, the grotto engineering have guiding meaning.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the testing device of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of the control device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic side-expanded view of the side-limiting steel cylinder;
fig. 4 is an axial view of a C-clamp for machining a sample of swelling rock.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-3, a testing device for lateral limit expansive force in the hydration process of expansive rocks comprises a reaction frame, a sealing device, a humidity sensor 5, a steam generator 3 and a control device 4, wherein the reaction frame comprises a base 27 and a cross beam 21, two vertical upright posts 18 are respectively fixed on two sides of the upper end of the base 27, and two ends of the cross beam 21 are respectively fixed on the upper ends of the two vertical upright posts 18; a threaded through hole is formed in the middle of a cross beam 21 of the reaction frame, a threaded rod 30 is connected to the threaded through hole in an internal thread mode, a handle 1 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the threaded rod 30, an installation block 23 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the threaded rod 30, the installation block 23 is clamped in an installation frame 24 and is rotatably connected with the installation frame 24, two ends of the installation frame 24 are respectively sleeved on two vertical stand columns 18, and a pressure sensor 6 is installed below the installation frame 24; the sealing device comprises a cylindrical sealing cover 28, a side limit steel cylinder 20, an upper plate 10, a lower plate 17, an upper sealing disc 31 and a lower sealing disc 9, wherein a circular upper boss 11 is inwards arranged at the top end of the cylindrical sealing cover 28, a circular lower boss 16 is inwards arranged at the bottom end of the cylindrical sealing cover 28, the lower plate 17 is placed on a base 27, the cylindrical sealing cover 28 is placed on the lower plate 17, the lower sealing disc 9 is placed on the lower plate 17 and is positioned in the circular lower boss 16, the side limit steel cylinder 20 is placed between the circular upper boss 11 and the circular lower boss 16, and a circular cavity 29 is enclosed among the side limit steel cylinder 20, the circular upper boss 11, the circular lower boss 16 and the side wall of the cylindrical sealing cover; the gypsum rock sample 19 is placed in the side limiting steel cylinder 20, and the upper sealing disc 31 is placed on the gypsum rock sample 19 and is positioned in the circular upper boss 11; the upper plate 10 is placed above the cylindrical sealing cover 28, the upper pressure head 8, the first cushion block 25, the gasket 22 and the second cushion block 26 are sequentially placed above the upper plate 10 from bottom to top, and the displacement sensor 7 is mounted on the gasket 22; the probe of the humidity sensor 5 is positioned in the annular cavity 29, the humidity sensor 5 is connected with the control device 4, the control device 4 is connected with the switch 15 of the steam generator in a control mode, and the steam generator 3 is communicated with the annular cavity 29 through the steam pipeline 2; the side wall of the side limiting steel cylinder 20 is evenly distributed with air holes 32.
The control device 4 comprises a Schmidt trigger 12, a NOT gate 13 and a fixed value resistor 14, wherein the input end of the Schmidt trigger 12 is connected with the humidity sensor 5, the output end of the Schmidt trigger 12 is connected with a switch 15 of the steam generator through the NOT gate 13, the Schmidt generator 12, the NOT gate 13 and the switch 15 of the steam generator are all connected with a direct current power supply, the switch 15 of the steam generator adopts an electromagnetic relay, the NOT gate 13 is connected with a coil of the electromagnetic relay, the switch of the electromagnetic relay controls the opening and closing of the steam generator, and the switch 15 of the steam generator is triggered to be opened by a low level and is triggered to be closed by a high level.
The inner diameter of the circular lower boss, the inner diameter of the circular upper boss, the diameter of the upper sealing disc and the diameter of the lower sealing disc are the same.
The method for testing by adopting the testing device for the lateral limited expansive force in the hydration process of the expansive rock sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) heating and dehydrating a standard gypsum rock sample with the diameter of 50mm in a constant temperature box, processing gypsum into a gypsum rock sample with the diameter of 48.85mmH35mm by using a C-shaped clamp on a machine tool, and putting the gypsum rock sample into a side limiting steel cylinder;
(2) the handle is rotated, the threaded rod is driven by the handle to move downwards, the mounting frame and the pressure sensor are driven to move downwards through the mounting block, and when the pressure sensor contacts the second cushion block, the readings of the pressure sensor and the displacement sensor at the moment are recorded;
(3) the switch of the steam generator is triggered to be switched off by a low level and switched on by a high level, the steam generator is controlled to be switched on by a control device, when the humidity sensor detects that the humidity in the sealing cover exceeds a set value a, the Schmidt trigger outputs the high level, the high level is changed into the low level after passing through a NOT gate, the switch of the steam generator is switched off, and the steam generator stops running; when the humidity sensor detects that the humidity of the expansive rock sample is between b and a (b < a), the Schmidt trigger continuously outputs high level to maintain the state of the steam generator unchanged, and at the moment, the steam content in the sealing cover is continuously reduced; when the humidity sensor detects that the humidity of the expansive rock sample is lower than a set value b, the Schmidt trigger outputs a low level which is changed into a high level after passing through a NOT gate, a switch of the steam generator is opened, and the steam generator starts to operate again, so that the humidity in the sealing cover is kept in a range from b to a;
(4) steam enters the sealing cover through a steam pipeline, the expansive rock sample expands when encountering water and is upwards pressed on the upper plate, so that the reading of the displacement sensor is changed; when the variable quantity of the readings of the displacement sensor exceeds a set threshold value, rotating a handle on the reaction frame to restore the readings of the displacement sensor to an initial position, and recording data recorded by the pressure sensor and the humidity sensor at the moment;
(5) and (c) circulating the steps to obtain the data of the relation between the side limit expansion force and the time of the gypsum rock sample under a certain humidity condition (from b to a), and fitting the data to obtain a relation curve graph of the side limit expansion force F and the time t of the gypsum rock sample.
Claims (3)
1. The testing device for the lateral limit expansive force in the hydration process of the expansive rock is characterized by comprising a reaction frame, a sealing device, a humidity sensor, a steam generator and a control device, wherein the reaction frame comprises a base and a cross beam, two vertical upright columns are respectively fixed on two sides of the upper end of the base, and two ends of the cross beam are respectively fixed on the upper ends of the two vertical upright columns; the middle part of a cross beam of the reaction frame is provided with a threaded through hole, a threaded rod is connected with the threaded through hole in a threaded manner, the upper end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected with a handle, the lower end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected with an installation block, the installation block is positioned in the installation frame and is rotationally connected with the installation frame, two ends of the installation frame are respectively sleeved on the two vertical stand columns, and a pressure sensor is arranged below the installation frame; the sealing device comprises a cylindrical sealing cover, a side limit steel cylinder, an upper plate, a lower plate, an upper sealing disc and a lower sealing disc, wherein a circular upper boss is inwards arranged at the top end of the cylindrical sealing cover; the expansive rock sample is placed in the side limiting steel cylinder, and the upper sealing disc is placed on the expansive rock sample and positioned in the circular upper boss; the upper plate is placed above the cylindrical sealing cover, an upper pressure head, a first cushion block, a gasket and a second cushion block are sequentially placed above the upper plate from bottom to top, and a displacement sensor is mounted on the gasket; a probe of the humidity sensor is positioned in the annular cavity, the humidity sensor is connected with the control device, the control device controls a switch connected with the steam generator, and the steam generator is communicated with the annular cavity through a steam pipeline; and air holes are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the side limiting steel cylinder.
2. The device for testing the lateral limit expansive force in the process of hydrating the expansive rocks as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control device comprises a Schmidt trigger, a NOT gate and a fixed value resistor, wherein the input end of the Schmidt trigger is connected with the humidity sensor, the output end of the Schmidt trigger is connected with a switch of the steam generator through the NOT gate, the Schmidt trigger, the NOT gate and the switch of the steam generator are all connected with a direct current power supply through the fixed value resistor, and the switch of the steam generator adopts an electromagnetic relay.
3. The device for testing the lateral limit expansive force in the hydration process of the expanded rock as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the circular lower boss is the same as the diameter of the lower sealing disc; the inner diameter of the circular upper lug boss is the same as the diameter of the upper sealing disc.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920789812.7U CN210037798U (en) | 2019-05-29 | 2019-05-29 | Testing arrangement of limit expansive force among expanded rock hydration process |
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| CN201920789812.7U CN210037798U (en) | 2019-05-29 | 2019-05-29 | Testing arrangement of limit expansive force among expanded rock hydration process |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110018295A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-07-16 | 河南理工大学 | The test device and test method of lateral confinement expansive force in a kind of expansive rock hydration process |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110018295A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-07-16 | 河南理工大学 | The test device and test method of lateral confinement expansive force in a kind of expansive rock hydration process |
| CN110018295B (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2024-01-30 | 河南理工大学 | Testing device and testing method for lateral limit expansion force in expansion rock hydration process |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20200207 Termination date: 20210529 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |