CN210034099U - Elastic positioning pin capable of self-locking - Google Patents

Abstract

A self-lockable resilient locating pin comprising: the main pin comprises a main pin head part and a main pin working part, wherein the main pin head part is provided with two adjusting holes, the main pin head part outside the adjusting holes is sleeved with a pressing sheet, the lower part of the main pin is provided with an anti-dropping structure, a plurality of holes are annularly distributed on the wall of the main pin, balls are placed in the holes, and the diameter of each ball is larger than the wall thickness of the main pin working part; the guide sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the middle part of the main pin, one end of the return spring is abutted against the pressing sheet, the other end of the return spring is abutted against the guide sleeve, and an outer ring groove is formed in the inner wall of the guide sleeve; the locking device comprises a locking rod and a self-locking spring, wherein the locking rod and the self-locking spring are arranged in a main pin, the lower end of the locking rod is abutted against the self-locking spring, the upper end of the locking rod is arranged at two waist-shaped holes through an elastic pin, two ends of the elastic pin are arranged in mounting holes in a pressing sheet, and an inner ring groove is formed in the surface of the locking rod. The utility model discloses can be applied to the size change of the work piece of being fixed a position big, can accomplish quick location apart from the big environment of locating surface size deviation.

Description

Elastic positioning pin capable of self-locking

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a work piece location and quick separation device specifically are elastic locating pin that can auto-lock.

Background

At present, in the workpiece positioning requirement that the workpiece can be quickly positioned and quickly separated, a conical head cylindrical positioning pin is usually adopted. Due to the popularization of modern automated production, mixed flow production has become a normal state. The positioning requirements of workpieces with different sizes are met on the same production line, one size corresponds to the positioning pin with one length, the more parts are, the more required specifications of the positioning pin are, the more parts are required to be replaced in use, the production cost is increased, and meanwhile, the field management difficulty is increased.

Taking automobile assembly production as an example, at present, all brands adopt assembly workshop flexible multi-vehicle type mixed flow production, and because the vehicle types comprise total and medium-sized SUVs, compact SUVs, medium-sized cars, sports cars and the like with different sizes and large structural difference of vehicle type chassis, the positioning holes of the currently produced bearing type vehicle body structure are usually arranged on a bearing steel beam at the bottom of the vehicle body. The height difference of front and rear positioning holes is different due to different vehicle types; the bearing steel beam is provided with a vehicle body bottom plate, and the vehicle body bottom plate needs to ensure waterproof sealing and cannot be provided with a through hole. In the final assembly process, the lifting appliance needs to adopt positioning pins of various specifications to be matched with the automobile bodies of different automobile types for positioning, so that when different automobile types are produced, the automobile types need to be checked, and pins with corresponding sizes need to be replaced independently. This operation is time-consuming and labor-consuming, increasing management costs.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the utility model is to overcome the aforesaid of prior art not enough and provide an elastic locating pin that can auto-lock, simple structure is reliable, the action is stable, the dismouting is convenient, and does not have any damage to positioning workpiece and installation site, can not accomplish the dismouting operation with the help of any instrument bare-handed.

The technical scheme of the utility model is that: the method comprises the following steps: the main pin comprises a main pin head part and a main pin working part, wherein the main pin head part is provided with two adjusting holes, the main pin head part outside the adjusting holes is sleeved with a pressing sheet, the lower part of the main pin is provided with an anti-dropping structure, a plurality of holes are annularly distributed on the wall of the main pin, balls are placed in the holes, and the diameter of each ball is larger than the wall thickness of the main pin working part; the guide sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the middle part of the main pin, one end of the return spring abuts against the pressing sheet, the other end of the return spring abuts against the guide sleeve, and the inner wall of the guide sleeve is provided with an outer ring groove for containing the ball positioning guide sleeve when the locking rod keeps the top position under the action of the self-locking spring; the locking device comprises a locking rod and a self-locking spring, wherein the locking rod and the self-locking spring are arranged in a main pin, the lower end of the locking rod is abutted against the self-locking spring, the upper end of the locking rod is arranged at two waist-shaped holes through an elastic pin, two ends of the elastic pin are arranged in mounting holes in a pressing sheet, and an inner annular groove used for containing a ball to enable a guide sleeve to slide up and down along the outer wall of the main pin is arranged on the. The elastic pin can prevent the elastic pin from falling off from the mounting hole due to vibration in the use process. When the head of the main pin contacts the surface of the positioning workpiece, if the position of the positioning hole of the positioning workpiece deviates, the upper main pin does not enter the positioning hole. The locking rod keeps the top position under the action of the self-locking spring. The steel ball is pushed to the outer ring groove along the radial direction by the cylindrical surface of the locking rod. The steel ball is clamped in the outer ring groove, so that the upper main pin and the lower main pin are axially positioned, and the main pin is prevented from moving downwards.

The sum of the depth of the outer ring groove and the wall thickness of the working part of the kingpin is larger than or equal to the diameter of the ball, and the sum of the depth of the inner ring groove and the wall thickness of the working part of the kingpin is larger than or equal to the diameter of the ball.

And a circle of flange for preventing the return spring from moving radially is arranged on the outer wall of the main pin close to the lower end of the kidney-shaped hole, and the upper part of the return spring is sleeved on the flange.

The locking rod is of a stepped structure with a thin middle part and thick two ends, and the two ends of the locking rod are matched with the shape of the inner cavity of the main pin.

The outer wall of the main pin close to the anti-drop pin is sleeved with a flat gasket matched with the guide sleeve. The flat gasket has the following functions: when the device is installed on a lifting appliance, the flat gasket is installed between the D-shaped anti-falling pin and the lower surface of the lifting appliance, the guide sleeve is fixed in the installation hole of the lifting appliance through the external steps of the guide sleeve and the upper and lower positioning action of the flat gasket, meanwhile, the abrasion of the D-shaped anti-falling pin can be reduced, and the service life is prolonged.

The guide sleeve is of a stepped sleeve structure, the lower portion of the return spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the upper end of the guide sleeve, a positioning flange which abuts against the lower end of the return spring is arranged on the outer wall of the guide sleeve, and the inner wall of the guide sleeve is matched with the outer wall of the main pin working portion in shape. The stepped sleeve structure is convenient to mount with a mounting hole of a lifting appliance, and meanwhile, the radial positioning effect of the return spring is increased.

The main pin is of a cylindrical structure and comprises a main pin head part and a main pin working part, wherein the main pin head part is a conical head and a cylindrical barrel head connected with the conical head. The thickness of the head wall of the king pin is determined by the size of the positioning hole of the part, and the thickness of the head wall of the king pin is = (diameter of the positioning hole on the part-diameter of the inner hole of the king pin)/2, because the outer diameter of the inner locking rod determines the size of the inner hole of the king pin.

The adjusting hole is a kidney-shaped hole, the length of the kidney-shaped hole is larger than or equal to the diameter of the ball and the diameter of the mounting hole on the pressing sheet, the length of the adjusting hole = the radius of the two semicircles and the distance between the centers of the two semicircles, the distance between the centers of the two semicircles = the diameter of the steel ball, the stroke of the locking rod corresponds to the length of the kidney-shaped hole, the stroke of the locking rod is increased, and the problem of unstable locking caused by machining errors; the width of the waist-shaped hole is larger than or equal to the diameter of the mounting hole on the pressing sheet, so that the problem of interference of action jamming caused by machining errors of the pressing sheet and the center position of the mounting hole on the locking rod is solved.

The preforming is cylindrical structure, and the mounting hole radially sets up along the preforming, and the distance of mounting hole axis above the preforming is greater than the distance below the mounting hole axis apart from the preforming. The upper surface of the pressing sheet is in contact with the vehicle body and is easy to wear, and the mounting hole is formed in the position, close to the lower part, of the pressing sheet, so that the service life of the pressing sheet is prolonged.

The ball is a steel ball; the anti-disengaging structure is a D-shaped anti-disengaging pin.

The utility model overcomes adopt the flexible function's of area elastic locating pin, although the product location demand of a plurality of specifications of compatibility, nevertheless because the shortcoming that its self elasticity can not be positioned, can't in time discover when leading to appearing falling the round pin skew (round pin and hole insert badly) in the use, lead to the location badly, the problem of work piece skew takes place during. The utility model discloses can be applied to the size change of the work piece of being fixed a position big, can accomplish quick location apart from the big environment of locating surface size deviation. The utility model discloses simple structure is reliable, the action is stable, the dismouting is convenient, and does not have any damage to positioning workpiece and installation site, can not accomplish the dismouting operation with the help of any instrument bare-handed.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a kingpin;

FIG. 5 is a self-locking state diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of section I of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a comparison diagram of three states during the usage of the present invention;

in the figure, 1, a main pin, 2, a pressing sheet, 3, a return spring, 4, a guide sleeve, 5, a flat gasket, 6, a D-shaped anti-falling pin, 7, a self-locking spring, 8, a steel ball, 9, a locking rod, 10, an elastic pin, 11, a first step, 12, an upper main pin, 13, a middle main pin, 14, a lower main pin, 15, an outer ring groove, 16, an inner ring groove, 17, a vehicle body bottom plate, 18 and a lifting appliance are arranged.

Detailed Description

In fig. 1, 2 and 3, the utility model discloses a hollow king pin 1, the outside flange that is used for fixed return spring 3 of the outside extension of 1 upper portion level of king pin, the round hole is equallyd divide to 1 lower part outer wall of king pin along the annular that the circumferencial direction was equipped with and is used for embedded steel ball 8. The flange and the annular sharing round hole divide the main pin 1 into an upper main pin 12, a middle main pin 13 and a lower main pin 14 from top to bottom. The lower main pin 14 is cylindrical, a first through hole for the D-shaped anti-drop pin 6 to pass through is formed in the bottom end of the lower main pin 14, and a flat gasket 5 is sleeved outside the bottom end of the lower main pin 14. The outer wall cover of lower king pin 14, well king pin 13 has uide bushing 4, and D type anticreep round pin 6 is used to king pin 1 afterbody, can play the anticreep effect in use, and the while is dismantling the installation in-process, bare-handed just can accomplish. The bottom end of the guide sleeve 4 is fixedly connected with the flat gasket 5, and the height of the guide sleeve 4 is higher than that of the top end of the annular equal-dividing round hole. A first V-shaped ring groove 15 is formed in the contact position of the inner wall of the guide sleeve 4 and the annular equal-dividing round hole, and the diameter of the outer wall of the guide sleeve 4 is decreased progressively to form a first annular step 11 and a second annular step. 4 outer walls of uide bushing are the step shaft form, and along installation direction diameter size grow gradually, it is convenient the utility model discloses 18 downtheholely hoists of packing into. The upper kingpin 12 is conical and the diameter of the upper kingpin 12 is greater than the diameter of the middle kingpin 13. The locking rod 9 is arranged in the main pin 1 and is connected with the main pin 1 in a sliding way. The pressing sheet 2 is sleeved outside the upper main pin 12, and the top of the locking rod 9 is fixedly connected with the pressing sheet 2 through the elastic pin 10. The bottom end of the locking rod 9 and the lower main pin 14 form a cavity, and a self-locking spring 7 is arranged in the cavity. One end of the self-locking spring 7 is fixedly connected with the D-shaped anti-falling pin 6, and the other end of the self-locking spring is fixedly connected with the lower plane of the locking rod 9. The locking rod 9 is symmetrically provided with an inner ring groove 16 which has the same shape and size as the outer ring groove 15. The return spring 3 is sleeved outside the main pin 1, the bottom end of the return spring 3 is fixedly connected with the upper plane of the first step 11, and the top end of the return spring 3 is fixedly connected with the lower plane of the pressing sheet 2. The lower plane of the flat gasket 5 is flush with the upper plane of the first through hole. The upper main pin 12 is correspondingly provided with a kidney-shaped hole for the elastic pin 10 to pass through, and the top of the locking rod 9 is provided with a second through hole for the elastic pin 10 to pass through. The cross sections of the middle main pin 13 and the lower main pin 14 are the same in diameter and the side wall thickness. The upper main pin 12, the middle main pin 13, the lower main pin 14, the locking rod 9 and the guide sleeve 4 are on the same central line. The height H of the blocking lever 9 is greater than the height H of the king pin 13.

In fig. 4, the main pin 1 is of a hollow structure, the upper part of the main pin 1 extends outwards horizontally to form a flange, and the outer wall of the lower part of the main pin 1 is provided with an annular uniform round hole for embedding the steel ball 8 along the circumferential direction. The flange and the annular sharing round hole divide the main pin 1 into an upper main pin 12, a middle main pin 13 and a lower main pin 14 from top to bottom. The lower main pin 14 is cylindrical, and the bottom end of the lower main pin 14 is provided with a first through hole for the D-shaped anti-drop pin 6 to pass through. The center kingpin 13 is cylindrical. The upper kingpin 12 comprises a conical, cylindrical shape connected to the conical shape, the diameter of the upper kingpin 12 being greater than the diameter of the middle kingpin 13. The upper main pin 12 is correspondingly provided with a kidney-shaped hole for the elastic pin 10 to pass through. The length L1 of the kidney-shaped hole = the diameter of the steel ball 8 + the diameter of the mounting hole on the pressure plate 2. The length L1 of the adjusting hole = the radius of the two semicircles + the distance between the centers of the two semicircles, and the distance between the centers of the two semicircles = the diameter of the steel ball 8.

In fig. 5 and 6, the groove depth of the outer ring groove 15 is a, the groove width at the widest part is B, the side wall thickness of the center pin 13 is C, the diameter of the steel ball 8 is R, B < R, and a + C > R. The diameter of the annular uniform circular hole is D, and D = R. The utility model discloses under the auto-lock state, the automobile body is by 18 clamping of hoist, and 1 head of king pin contacts underbody 17 surfaces, if underbody 17's locating hole offset leads to king pin 1 not to get into the locating hole, and locking pole 9 keeps the top position under auto-lock spring 7's effect. The steel ball 8 is pushed to the outer ring groove 15 along the radial direction by the cylindrical surface of the locking rod 9, the steel ball 8 is clamped in the outer ring groove 15, the main pin 1 is axially positioned, the main pin 1 is prevented from moving downwards, a position sensor on a production line cannot detect a car body and send an alarm, and a car body bottom plate 17 is found to be unsuccessfully positioned, so that the situation that the car body is not clamped in place when the car body flows to the next working procedure along the production line to be machined is prevented, and error machining is caused.

Fig. 7 is a comparison diagram of three states of "successful access hole, self-locking release and compression limit" when the utility model contacts the positioning hole of the car body, wherein H1 is the release stroke, and H2 is the full stroke capable of effective positioning.

During the use, the cylinder region from king pin 1 gets into the locating hole and begins, the utility model discloses an elastic pin has realized locate function. From the pin hole locating, self-locking releasing and elastic limit position, the full-stroke return spring 3 is always kept in a compressed state, and the full-stroke elastic effect can be realized.

When the upper main pin 12 enters the positioning hole, the return spring 3 is in a pre-compression state 3A, along with the increase of the depth, the underbody 17 contacts the pressing sheet 2 and enables the pressing sheet to move downwards in the kidney-shaped hole along the axial direction of the main pin 1H 1, the return spring 3 is in a self-locking release compression state 3B, the steel ball 8 falls into the inner annular groove 16 through the simultaneous movement of the elastic pin 10 and the locking rod 9, the steel ball 8 between the main pin 1 and the guide sleeve 4 is separated at the moment, the main pin 1 can freely move in the stroke range of the return spring 3, and 3C is in an elastic limit state of the return spring 3. The extension and retraction of the return spring 3 can realize the accurate positioning of the underbody 17 and keep the contact surface of the underbody 17 close.

When the positioning is finished, the underbody 17 leaves the utility model, under the thrust action of the return spring 3, the guide sleeve 4 is pushed downwards to abut against the upper surface of the hanger 18, the return spring 3 can push the pressing piece 2 upwards at the same time, then the self-locking spring 7 pushes the locking rod 9 and the pressing piece 2 upwards, and the pressing piece 2 is directly pushed upwards by the return spring 3; the self-locking spring 7 pushes the locking rod 9, the locking rod 9 drives the elastic pin 10, and the elastic pin 10 drives the pressing sheet 2, so that indirect upward pushing is realized, the steel ball 8 is clamped into the inner annular groove 15 on the guide sleeve 4, and the return and self-locking states are finished. The utility model discloses when not user state, self-locking state promptly, return spring 3 is in the precompression state of spring, and both springs are compressed about 5%, have certain pretightning force. When the steel ball 8 returns to the self-locking state, the pressing sheet 2 finishes the process that the steel ball 8 enters the inner ring groove 15 under the simultaneous action of the return spring 3 and the self-locking spring 7.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an elastic positioning pin that can auto-lock which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

the main pin comprises a hollow main pin (1), wherein the main pin (1) comprises a head part of the main pin (1) and a main pin working part, the head part of the main pin (1) is provided with two adjusting holes, the head part of the main pin (1) outside the adjusting holes is sleeved with a pressing sheet (2), the lower part of the main pin (1) is provided with an anti-falling structure, a plurality of holes are annularly distributed on the wall of the main pin (1), balls (8) are arranged in the holes, and the diameter of each ball (8) is greater than the wall thickness of the main pin working part;

the guide sleeve (4) is sleeved on the outer wall of the middle part of the main pin (1), one end of the return spring (3) abuts against the pressing sheet (2), the other end of the return spring (3) abuts against the guide sleeve (4), and an outer annular groove (15) for containing a ball (8) to position the guide sleeve (4) when the locking rod (9) keeps the top position under the action of the self-locking spring (7) is arranged on the inner wall of the guide sleeve (4);

the locking mechanism comprises a locking rod (9) and a self-locking spring (7) which are arranged in a main pin (1), wherein the lower end of the locking rod (9) is abutted against the self-locking spring (7), the upper end of the locking rod (9) is arranged at two waist-shaped holes through an elastic pin (10), two ends of the elastic pin (10) are arranged in mounting holes in a pressing sheet (2), and an inner annular groove (16) which is used for containing a ball (8) to enable a guide sleeve (4) to slide up and down along the outer wall of the main pin (1) is arranged on the surface of the locking rod (9).

2. The self-lockable resilient locating pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sum of the depth of the outer annular groove (15) and the wall thickness of the main pin working part is larger than or equal to the diameter of the ball (8), and the sum of the depth of the inner annular groove (16) and the wall thickness of the main pin working part is larger than or equal to the diameter of the ball (8).

3. The self-lockable resilient locating pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer wall of the main pin (1) close to the lower end of the kidney-shaped hole is provided with a circle of flange used for preventing the return spring (3) from moving radially, and the upper part of the return spring (3) is sleeved on the flange.

4. The self-lockable resilient locating pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: the locking rod (9) is of a stepped structure with a thin middle part and thick two ends, and the two ends of the locking rod (9) are matched with the shape of the inner cavity of the main pin (1).

5. The self-lockable resilient locating pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer wall of the main pin (1) close to the anti-drop pin (6) is sleeved with a flat gasket (5) matched with the guide sleeve (4).

6. The self-lockable resilient locating pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: the guide sleeve (4) is of a stepped sleeve structure, the lower portion of the return spring (3) is sleeved on the outer wall of the upper end of the guide sleeve (4), a positioning flange which abuts against the lower end of the return spring (3) is arranged on the outer wall of the guide sleeve, and the inner wall of the guide sleeve (4) is matched with the outer wall of the main pin working portion in shape.

7. The self-lockable resilient locating pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main pin (1) is of a cylindrical structure and comprises a head part of the main pin (1) and a main pin working part, wherein the head part of the main pin (1) is a conical head and is connected with the conical head to form a cylindrical barrel head.

8. The self-lockable resilient locating pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: the adjusting holes are waist-shaped holes, and the length of each waist-shaped hole is more than or equal to the diameter of the ball (8) and the diameter of the mounting hole in the pressing sheet (2); the width of the waist-shaped hole is more than or equal to the diameter of the mounting hole on the pressing sheet (2).

9. The self-lockable resilient locating pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pressing sheet (2) is of a cylindrical structure, the mounting hole is radially arranged along the pressing sheet (2), and the distance from the axis of the mounting hole to the upper surface of the pressing sheet (2) is greater than the distance from the axis of the mounting hole to the lower surface of the pressing sheet (2).

10. The self-lockable resilient locating pin according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ball (8) is a steel ball; the anti-disengaging structure is a D-shaped anti-disengaging pin.

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