CN210022084U - Aerogel preparation system - Google Patents
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- CN210022084U CN210022084U CN201920315522.9U CN201920315522U CN210022084U CN 210022084 U CN210022084 U CN 210022084U CN 201920315522 U CN201920315522 U CN 201920315522U CN 210022084 U CN210022084 U CN 210022084U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an aerogel preparation system, which at least comprises a raw material system (1), a gel system (2) and a modification and drying system (4), wherein a gel activation system (3) can be selectively added in the gel system (2) and the modification and drying system (4); hollow tubular or tunnel-shaped cavities directly formed by shells of the gel system (2), the gel activation system (3) and the modification and drying system (4) are working spaces, the working spaces are independent from each other and can form mutually-communicated tunnel-shaped continuous passing spaces through an opening and closing device, and a conveying device (11) butted with the raw and auxiliary material system (1) is arranged in each working space. Aiming at the chlorine-free and alcohol-free production process, the efficient continuous preparation of the aerogel is realized, and the defect problem of the continuous production of the aerogel by the normal pressure technology is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an aerogel preparation technical field, concretely relates to ordinary pressure continuous type prepares equipment of aerogel.
Background
Aerogel is a new type of nano, porous, low density, amorphous material with a continuous three-dimensional network structure. The aerogel has many unique properties, such as high porosity, high specific surface area, low density, low thermal conductivity, excellent sound insulation performance and the like, has magical characteristics in various fields of thermal, optical, electrical, chemical and the like, and has very wide application prospects.
The supercritical drying technology is the technology for preparing the aerogel in batches at the earliest time, is mature, and is also the technology adopted by aerogel enterprises at home and abroad at present. However, because the supercritical pressure and temperature are high, for example, the supercritical point of methanol is about 239.4 ℃ and 81 atmospheres, and in addition, the supercritical autoclave cannot realize full-automatic continuous production, the autoclave must be opened, and the aerogel product cannot be continuously conveyed by lifting the material, so that the supercritical technology has the defects of expensive high-pressure high-temperature equipment, high safety risk, low efficiency, high cost, complex process and the like. The normal pressure drying is a novel aerogel preparation process, is the aerogel batch production technology which is the most active in current research and has the greatest development potential, and compared with the supercritical technology, the normal pressure technology has the advantages of low equipment investment, low production cost, excellent product performance, safety, simplicity, convenience, continuous production realization and the like, and is a trend of aerogel research and development and production. Literature and patent reports that aerogel products are prepared by normal pressure drying, but the method has the defects of long gelation time, high modifier loss caused by introducing a large amount of organic solution into sol, complex operation of the method, long production period, low efficiency and the like, increases the requirements on the tightness, explosion resistance, static resistance and the like of equipment, increases the cost and also reduces the production safety.
Meanwhile, in the existing silica aerogel production method, the organosilicon (tetraethoxysilane, methyl orthosilicate and polysiloxane) is mostly adopted as a raw material and prepared by a supercritical drying method or a normal pressure drying method in combination with the existing patent technology and literature reports. The supercritical method can be divided into ethanol supercritical drying and carbon dioxide supercritical extraction drying, both raw materials are organic silicon ester, and the methods have the problems of very expensive raw materials, toxicity, complex process, low safety and the like, and seriously restrict the large-scale production and application of the silicon dioxide aerogel. The method for producing the aerogel by adopting the normal pressure method can adopt water glass as a raw material to prepare the silicon dioxide aerogel, obviously reduces the cost of the raw material and the complexity of equipment, but adopts the water glass to prepare the silicon dioxide aerogel, often with the help of an ion exchange resin, so as to prepare a silicic acid solution, and then adds an alkaline catalyst to make the silicic acid solution into gel. And then repeatedly washing the obtained gel with hot water, and preparing the silicon dioxide aerogel under normal pressure after organic solvent replacement and surface methyl silanization reaction. Patent application publication No. CN102167337A discloses that alkali silicate (sodium silicate, potassium silicate) is used as silicon source, water and ethylene glycol are added for dilution, then inorganic acid is added for full reaction for 1-5 hours, then the pH value is adjusted to 2-4, water or alcohol or the mixture thereof is repeatedly used for washing until the content of sodium ion or potassium ion is below 0.1%, and finally the rapid dehydration drying is carried out at the temperature of 100-400 ℃. The method has the disadvantages of complex operation, long production period and low efficiency, and a large amount of salt-containing wastewater is generated in the preparation process. In addition, after the gel is formed, a solvent replacement mode is adopted, ethanol is added into silica sol to directly prepare the alcogel, and the obtained gel still needs to be soaked in ethanol solutions with different concentrations after the gel is formed. Because the process is alcohol-carrying and chlorine-carrying, the durability of the equipment and the requirement on the inner container of the equipment are very high.
For most of the existing reaction devices for producing the aerogel containing chlorine and alcohol, an inner container needs to be arranged in a shell of the device in order to ensure production safety, and the device has limitation requirements on an acceleration mode, and ignition and even explosion can be generated when the acceleration mode similar to radio frequency radiation is adopted, so that great potential production hazards are realized.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is, adopt a normal pressure continuous type preparation aerogel system, to chlorine-free and alcohol-free production technology, realize the high-efficient continuous type preparation of aerogel, solve the above-mentioned defect problem of aerogel normal pressure technical continuous type production.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme:
an aerogel preparation system at least comprises a raw material system (1), a gel system (2) and a modification and drying system (4), wherein a gel activation system (3) is optionally and additionally arranged in the gel system (2) and the modification and drying system (4); the method is characterized in that: hollow tubular or tunnel-shaped cavities directly formed by respective shells of the gel system (2), the gel activation system (3) and the modification and drying system (4) are working spaces, the working spaces are mutually independent and can form mutually-communicated tunnel-shaped continuous passing spaces through an opening and closing device, and a conveying device (11) butted with the raw and auxiliary material system (1) is arranged in each working space; cold and heat source conveying pipelines, gas channels, recovery channels and discharge channels which are communicated with the interior of each working space are arranged on the gel system (2), the gel activation system (3) and the modification and drying system (4), the cold and heat source conveying pipelines are communicated with the cold and heat source system (7), the gas channels are communicated with the gas supply system (8), the recovery channels are communicated with the recovery system (6), and the discharge channels are communicated with the waste treatment system (5).
According to the technical scheme, a curing and aging accelerator is arranged in a working space of the gel system (2), and the acceleration mode of the curing and aging accelerator is one or more of radio frequency radiation, sound wave, infrared radiation, vibration and heat conduction; one or more activation accelerators of heat conduction, infrared radiation, vibration, radio frequency radiation and sound wave are arranged in the working space of the gel activation system (3); and a modification accelerator is arranged in a working space of the modification and drying system (4), and the acceleration mode of the modification accelerator is one or more of sound wave, infrared radiation, vibration and heat conduction.
According to above-mentioned technical scheme, each accelerator all sets up in the upper portion or the lower part of each workspace, or encircles the setting in workspace's body inner wall circumference.
According to the technical scheme, the modification and drying system (4) is a modification and drying through space formed by connecting a modification device and a drying device which are arranged independently in series or integrally; when the modifying and drying system (4) is an integrated modifying and drying through space, the gel activating system (3) is also required to be arranged in the gel system (2) and the modifying and drying system (4).
According to the technical scheme, a product post-processing system (9) and a product packaging system (10) are arranged behind the modification and drying system (4).
According to the technical scheme, the product post-processing system (9) comprises one or more of a forming device, a performance regulating and controlling treatment device, a pressing device, a packaging device, a filling device, a dispersing device, a grinding device and a sorting device, and at least comprises a storage device, a conveying device and a collecting device.
According to the technical scheme, the product packaging system (10) is used for collecting and packaging the final aerogel product and at least comprises a storage device and a conveying device.
According to the technical scheme, the method is suitable for the chlorine-free and alcohol-free process of the aerogel.
The working principle of the aerogel preparation system is as follows:
s1: adding raw and auxiliary materials into the raw and auxiliary material system (1); then the conveying device (11) is started to work;
s2: the raw and auxiliary materials enter the gel system (2), and the curing and aging are promoted in the section through one or more modes of pH adjustment, heat conduction, radio frequency radiation, infrared radiation, sound wave and vibration, so that the curing and aging time is shortened;
s3: the gel cured and aged by the gel system (2) is driven by the conveying device (11) to enter the gel activation system (3), so that the activation of chemical functional groups in the wet gel is realized, the reaction activity of the wet gel is improved, and the modification speed of the rear section is accelerated;
s4: the activated gel is driven by a conveying device (11) to enter a modification and drying system (4), and modification is accelerated in a modification section through one or more modes of sound wave, infrared radiation, vibration and heat conduction, so that the modification efficiency is improved; then the mixture enters a drying section and is dried by one or more of hot air, infrared radiation and heat conduction;
s5: in each step, the cold and heat source system (7) is communicated with the cold and heat source conveying pipeline to supply heat and cool to each working space and the raw and auxiliary material system (1); the air supply system (8) supplies air to each working space and the raw and auxiliary material system (1); three wastes generated in the whole working section enter a waste treatment system (5); and the recovery system (6) collects materials in the reaction process for reuse.
According to the technical scheme, in the step S2, the curing and aging temperature is 0-300 ℃, the curing is completed within 10S-5h, and the aging is completed within 1min-48 h; in the step S3, the activation temperature is preferably 0-300 ℃, and the activation is completed within 10S-168 h; step S4, the working temperature of the modification module is 0-150 ℃, and the modification is completed within 30S-5 h; the drying temperature of the drying module is 0-250 ℃, and the drying is completed within 10s-2.5 h.
According to the technical scheme, when the modification system and the drying system in the modification and drying system (4) are discontinuous reaction spaces which are independently connected, the step S4 is replaced by the step S4a, and at the moment, the gel after the step S2 is finished enters the step S4a directly or after the step S3;
and the step S4a is that the gel is driven by the conveying device (11) to enter the modification and drying system (4), the gel passes through the modification system and enters the drying system after the modification is finished, and the modification process and the drying process are independent.
According to the technical scheme, the reaction time in the modification system is 1min-2 h; 2h-10 h; 10-24 h, 24-48 h; any or unlimited duration from 48h-168 h.
Therefore, the system for continuously preparing the aerogel at normal pressure is invented aiming at the chlorine-free and alcohol-free process, the efficient continuous preparation of the aerogel can be realized, and the dilemma of continuous production of the aerogel in the normal pressure technology is solved. The utility model discloses realize gel material's continuous modification and drying with continuous type tunnel furnace form reaction space, promote the preparation efficiency of aerogel by a wide margin.
Compare with most current aerogel production line and production method, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
the utility model discloses a chlorine-free and alcohol-free process, therefore when equipment main part or reaction space do not set up the inner bag, even adopt the radio frequency radiation mode to react with higher speed also can not have potential safety hazards such as strike sparks.
Secondly, one or more acceleration modes such as radio frequency radiation, sound wave, infrared radiation, heat conduction, vibration and the like can be adopted in the gel system curing, aging and gel activating system, one or more acceleration modes such as sound wave, infrared radiation, heat conduction, vibration and the like can be adopted in the modification and drying section, and the equipment is more flexible to manufacture.
And thirdly, the structure without the inner container avoids the disadvantages that the polymer inner container has low use temperature, and the ceramic and glass inner containers are easy to break and difficult to process.
Finally, compare in the bilayer structure who is equipped with the inner bag, when the equipment of the box internally mounted of reaction space broke down, be convenient for investigate the trouble source to it is convenient to maintain.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a system for preparing aerogels in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a second embodiment of a system for producing aerogels in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a separate reforming apparatus in a second embodiment according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a separate drying apparatus in a second embodiment in accordance with the practice of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of a third embodiment of a system for preparing aerogel according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a block diagram of the gel system 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a block diagram of the gel activation system 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
According to the utility model discloses a system for preparing aerogel is shown in fig. 1, mainly includes supplementary material system 1, gel system 2, gel activation system 3, modification and drying system 4, waste treatment system 5, recovery system 6, cold and heat source system 7, air supply system 8. All equipment, accessories and supporting facilities meet the requirements of explosion prevention and safety. Rely on the utility model discloses a device can high-efficient continuous production multiple aerogel goods, including but not limited to aerogel powder, aerogel felt, aerogel board, aerogel adhesive tape.
And a conveying device 11 which is butted with the raw and auxiliary material system 1 is arranged in each working space and is used for conveying the raw and auxiliary materials, and the conveying device 11 adopts a common conveying mode such as a crawler-type conveying device or pipeline conveying.
Arranging a curing and aging accelerator in a working space of the gel system 2, wherein the curing and aging accelerator is accelerated in one or more of radio frequency radiation, sound wave, infrared radiation, vibration and heat conduction; one or more activation accelerators of heat conduction, infrared radiation, vibration, radio frequency radiation and sound wave are arranged in the working space of the gel activation system 3; and a modification accelerator is arranged in the working space of the modification and drying system 4, and the acceleration mode of the modification accelerator is one or more of sound wave, infrared radiation, vibration and heat conduction.
The utility model discloses to the chlorine-free alcohol-free production technology of aerogel, all not set up the inner bag in each workspace, therefore the chlorine-free alcohol-free production technology of aerogel is particularly suitable for, and chlorine-free alcohol-free of aerogel is given birth toThe production method is detailed in Chinese published patent application CN 108314411A of the applicant, and a method for preparing the silicon dioxide aerogel composite material by adopting a chlorine-free alcohol-free process is adopted, wherein a water-soluble silicon source is one or a combination of more of water glass, water-based silica sol, lithium methyl silicate, sodium methyl silicate, potassium methyl silicate, lithium metasilicate, sodium silicate, sodium metasilicate, potassium silicate or potassium metasilicate; perchloric acid is H2SO4、HNO3、HF、HBr、HI、H2SO3、HNO3、H3PO4、H3PO2、H3BO3One or a combination of several of them. The desalting process adopts one or more of ion exchange resin, freezing crystallization, evaporation, concentration and crystallization and membrane treatment. The additive can be one or a combination of several of an infrared opacifier, a flame retardant or a flexibilizer; the infrared opacifier can be one or more of ferrous oxide, carbon black, titanium dioxide, potassium hexatitanate whisker, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate, calcium silicate, zinc borate, magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide and ferric hydroxide; the flame retardant can be one or a mixture of magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, zinc borate, ammonium polyphosphate, red phosphorus, antimony oxide or molybdenum compound; the toughening agent can be one or more of polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylamide, polyacrylonitrile, polycarbonate, polyethersulfone, polyformaldehyde, polymethyl methacrylate, polygalacturonic acid, poly-L-rhamnogalacturonic acid and polyimide; the fiber reinforcement is inorganic fiber or organic fiber.
The structure and the working principle of each part are as follows:
(1) the raw and auxiliary material system 1 can realize raw and auxiliary material storage, base material preparation, preparation of sol with a specified formula and compounding of the sol and the base material; the raw and auxiliary material system 1 comprises a preparation module 1A of sol with a specified formula, a preparation module 1B of a base material, a sol base material composite preparation module 1C and a raw and auxiliary material storage module 1D. The raw material and auxiliary material system can be any combination of 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D, and can also be any single module of 1A, 1B, 1C and 1D. This raw and auxiliary materials system 1 can realize the conversion production of aerogel product of multiple form, for example if add the substrate then can produce products such as aerogel felt, if do not add the substrate then can directly produce aerogel powder. All modules of the device can be increased or enlarged, and the simultaneous production of products with different forms can be realized.
Further, the base material added in the raw material auxiliary system 1 may be one or more of a fiber material (organic fiber material, inorganic fiber material), a particle material, a whisker material, a metal material, a porous material, and a polymer material. The raw and auxiliary material system 1 can realize the functions of production, storage, preparation, conveying and the like of materials and supply for subsequent production. Meanwhile, a collecting function and a recovery device can be designed, so that substances dropped or poured out in the production, storage and conveying processes can be effectively collected and recycled. The raw and auxiliary material system 1 can be provided with a control system to realize intellectualization. The raw materials mainly comprise one or more of a glue source, an additive, an activating agent, an infrared opacifier, a modifier and a base material, and the auxiliary materials mainly comprise one or more of water, a catalyst, a diluent, a displacing agent, a packaging material, a post-processing material, an acid, an alkali, a humectant, a polymerization inhibitor, a smoke suppressant and a crosslinking agent.
(2) The conveyor 11 is a conventional conveyor such as a crawler conveyor or a pipe conveyor. At least through the gel system 2, the gel activation system 3 and the modification and drying system 4, the material of the conveying device 11 may be one or more of polymer, ceramic, glass and metal. The conveying device 11 is continuously integrated or is in butt joint in sections in each working space to form a continuous conveying device.
(3) The gel activation system 3 is mainly used for activating chemical functional groups in wet gel, improving the reaction activity of the wet gel and accelerating the modification speed of the rear section. The gel activation system 3 is provided with a storage device and a collection device which are communicated with the working space of the gel activation system, the storage device is used for storing or transferring raw and auxiliary materials, the collection device is used for effectively collecting and processing substances dripped or poured out in the system, and the conveying device 11 passes through the working space without the inner container of the gel activation system 3 for subsequent production.
The activator can be one or more of surfactant, salt, acid, alkali, alcohol, ether, ester, phenol, benzene, enol, hydrocarbon, alkane, alkyne, sulfide, heterocyclic compound, amine, ionic liquid, water, metal ion, metal oxide, complexing agent and enzyme. The activation temperature is preferably 0-300 ℃, and the activation is completed within 10S-168 h. The gel activation system can be provided with a control system to realize intellectualization.
Arranging a curing and aging accelerator in a working space of the gel system 2, wherein the curing and aging accelerator is accelerated in one or more of radio frequency radiation, sound wave, infrared radiation, vibration and heat conduction; one or more activation accelerators in heat conduction, infrared radiation, vibration, radio frequency radiation and sound wave are arranged in the working space of the gel activation system 3, so that the activation efficiency is improved, and the activation time is shortened. And a modification accelerator is arranged in the working space of the modification and drying system 4, and the acceleration mode of the modification accelerator is one or more of sound wave, infrared radiation, vibration and heat conduction.
(4) The modification and drying system 4 shown in fig. 1, can realize continuous modification and drying of wet gel; comprising a modifying module 4A and a drying module 4B. Only when modified speed and drying rate are very quick, just according to the utility model discloses will modify and drying workshop section design together, form modification and drying system 4, realize high-efficient serialization production, gel activation system is the very important step before the modification.
In fig. 2, the modification and drying system 4 of fig. 1 may be replaced with a separate modification apparatus as shown in fig. 3 and a separate drying apparatus as shown in fig. 4, respectively. The two (4C modification equipment, 4D drying equipment) are connected in series to replace the function of the modification and drying system 4.
As shown in FIG. 3, the reforming apparatus 4C is mainly composed of a casing 12, a gas device 4-1, a reforming accelerator 4-2, and a reagent storage and replenishment device 4-3. The waste treatment system 5, the recovery system 6 and the cold and heat source system 7 are all communicated with a liner-free working space in the shell 12 of the modification equipment 4C. The inner-container-free working space directly formed by the inner wall of the shell 12 of the modification equipment 4C is sealed, and air tightness and safety are guaranteed. The gas supply system 8 communicates with the working space in the housing 12 through the gas device 4-1.
The acceleration mode of the modification accelerator 4-2 is one or more of sound wave, infrared radiation, vibration and heat conduction. The modification efficiency is improved by a modification accelerator 4-2, the modification temperature is preferably 0-300 ℃, and the modification is completed within 1 min-10 h.
As shown in fig. 4, the drying device 4D is mainly composed of a drying cabinet 13, a drying accelerator 4-4, a washing device 4-5 (a common washing method such as soaking or spraying), and a dust removing device 4-6. The waste treatment system 5, the recovery system 6 and the cold and heat source system 7 are all communicated with a working space directly formed by the inner wall of the drying box body 13. The inner-container-free working space directly formed by the inner wall of the drying box body 13 is sealed, and air tightness and safety are guaranteed. The gas supply system 8 is communicated with the working space in the drying box body 13 through a gas device 4-1. The drying acceleration mode of the drying accelerator 4-4 can be one or more of hot air, infrared radiation and heat conduction, the drying time is quick, the drying is preferably finished for 10S-5h, and the drying temperature is 30-500 ℃. The modification and drying can be provided with a control system, so that the intellectualization is realized.
The corresponding process modification and drying after series connection can also be changed, and the process modification and drying sequentially comprises a raw material system, a gel activation system, a modification system and a drying system. The corresponding temperature and treatment time were subject to minor variations. In FIG. 2, the 4C modification module and the 4D drying module are connected in a discontinuous manner, so that the modification time can be prolonged to infinite length (including but not limited to any time length of 1min-2h, 2h-10h, 10h-24h, 24h-48h and 48h-168 h), the modification method and efficiency technology have no high requirement, in addition, the activation system 3 in the front can not be started or assembled, each working section can be prepared according to actual conditions, and the advantages of low preparation process requirement and convenience for flexible preparation of each working section are achieved; the disadvantages are discontinuous production and low preparation efficiency.
(5) The waste treatment system 5 can realize the recovery treatment of three wastes; the waste treatment system is used for treating three wastes (waste liquid, waste gas and waste solid) which are generated in the whole production process and cannot be recycled. The waste treatment system 5 can be designed into a control system to realize intellectualization.
(6) The recovery system 6 can realize the recovery, regeneration and recycling of materials in the whole production device; the recovery mode of the recovery system 6 can be one or more of chemical method, physical method and biological method, including but not limited to direct collection, extraction, condensation, liquid separation, evaporation concentration, filtration, acid-base neutralization, rectification, screening, adsorption desorption and centrifugation. The recovery system 6 can be provided with a control system to realize intellectualization.
(7) The cold and heat source system 7 provides a heat source and a cold source for the whole production device; the cold and heat source system 7 can be designed with a control system to realize intellectualization.
(8) The gas supply system 8 supplies gas to the entire production plant. The gas supply system is used for supplying gas to the production line. The air supply system can be designed into a control system, and intellectualization is realized.
(9) The gel system 2 may enable sol curing and aging of the gel material.
As shown in FIG. 6, one or more curing and aging accelerators 2-2 in heat conduction, radio frequency radiation, infrared radiation, sound wave and vibration are arranged in a working space without an inner container, which is directly formed by a curing and aging box body 15 (without an inner container) of the gel system 2, the curing and aging time is promoted by the curing and aging accelerators 2-2, the curing and aging temperature is preferably-50-300 ℃, the curing is completed within 10S-5h, and the aging is completed within 1min-48 h. The waste treatment system 5, the recovery system 6 and the cold and heat source system 7 are all communicated with the working space in the curing and aging box body 15. The gas supply system 8 is communicated with the working space without the inner container of the gel system 2 through the gas device 4-1.
The conveying device 11 passes through the working space without the inner container of the gel system 2, so that the conveying of gel products is realized, the gel products are supplied for subsequent production, and the collecting device is used for effectively collecting and treating substances dripped or poured out from the system. The gel system can be provided with a control system to realize intellectualization.
As shown in fig. 7, the activation accelerator 4-8 of one or more of heat conduction, radio frequency radiation, infrared radiation, sound wave and vibration is arranged in the working space directly formed by the activation box 14 (without an inner container) of the gel activation system 3 to promote the activation. The gel activation system 3 is provided with a reagent storage and supplement device 4-7 communicated with the inner cavity of the working space of the gel activation system; the waste treatment system 5, the recovery system 6 and the cold and heat source system 7 are all communicated with the working space in the activation box body 14. The gas supply system 8 is communicated with the working space without the inner container of the gel activation system 3 through the gas device 4-1.
The utility model discloses the gel time is short, modified high-efficient, dry quick, simple process, production cycle are short, reaction process is controllable, and product low cost can realize that equipment is automatic and aerogel product serialization is produced.
Correspondingly, the method for preparing the aerogel according to the utility model comprises the following steps:
s1: adding raw and auxiliary materials into the raw and auxiliary material system 1; then the conveying device 11 is started to work;
s2: the raw and auxiliary materials enter the gel system 2, curing and aging are promoted in the section through one or more modes of pH adjustment, heat conduction, radio frequency radiation, infrared radiation, sound waves and vibration, the curing and aging time is shortened, the curing and aging temperature is preferably 0-300 ℃, curing is completed within 10S-5h, and aging is completed within 1min-48 h;
s3: the gel cured and aged by the gel system 2 is driven by the conveying device 11 to enter the gel activation system 3, so that the activation of chemical functional groups in the wet gel is realized, the reaction activity is improved, the modification speed of the later section is accelerated, the activation temperature is preferably 0-300 ℃, and the activation is completed within 10S-168 h;
s4: the activated gel is driven by a conveying device 11 to enter a modification and drying system 4, modification is accelerated in a modification section through one or more modes of sound wave, infrared radiation, vibration and heat conduction, the modification efficiency is improved, the working temperature of a modification module is preferably 0-150 ℃, and modification is completed within 30s-5 h; and then, the mixture enters a drying section, and is dried by one or more of hot air, infrared radiation and heat conduction, preferably at a drying temperature of 0-250 ℃ in a drying module, and the drying is completed within 10s-2.5 h.
S5: in each step, the cold and heat source system 7 is communicated with the cold and heat source conveying pipeline to supply heat and cool to each working space and the raw and auxiliary material system 1; the air supply system 8 supplies air to each working space and the raw and auxiliary material system 1; the three wastes generated in the whole working section enter a waste treatment system 5 for treatment; and the recovery system 6 collects materials in the reaction process for reuse.
Further, in accordance with the second embodiment of the present invention, when the modifying system and the drying system are discontinuously and individually disposed and selectively connected reaction spaces in the modifying and drying system 4, the step S4 is replaced by the step S4a, and at this time, the gel after the step S2 is completed enters the step S4a directly or after the step S3; and step S4a, the gel is driven by the conveying device 11 to enter the modification and drying system 4, the gel passes through the modification system and enters the drying system after the modification is finished, the modification and drying are independently set, and the modification process and the drying process are independent respectively.
The modification is accelerated in a modification device through one or more modes of sound wave, infrared radiation, vibration and heat conduction, so that the modification efficiency is improved; preferably, the working temperature of the modification device is 0-300 ℃, and the modification time is any one time length or unlimited time length of 1min-2h, 2h-10h, 10h-24h, 24h-48h and 48h-168 h; then the mixture enters a drying device, and the drying is finished for 10s-5h by one or more of hot air, infrared radiation and heat conduction at the working temperature of 30-500 ℃.
Further, a product post-processing system 9 and a product packaging system 10 are also provided after step S5; and sequentially realizing the post-processing and packaging of the aerogel product.
In the embodiment as shown in fig. 5, an add-on product post-processing system 9 and a product packaging system 10 are shown; the product post-processing system 9 can realize the post-processing of the aerogel product; including but not limited to one or more of molding, property control processing, pressing, packaging, filling, dispersing, grinding and sorting. The product post-processing system 9 comprises a storage device, a conveying device and a collecting device, so that the product is conveyed and stored, and substances generated in the system are effectively collected and processed. The product post-processing system 9 can be designed with a control system to realize intellectualization.
The product packaging system 10 is used for the collection and packaging of the final aerogel product. The product packaging system 10 includes a storage device and a delivery device to enable storage and delivery of the product and to efficiently collect and process the materials generated in the system. The product packaging system can be designed into a control system, and intellectualization is realized.
Claims (7)
1. An aerogel preparation system at least comprises a raw material and auxiliary material system (1), a gel system (2) and a modification and drying system (4), wherein the gel system (2) and the modification and drying system (4) are also provided with a gel activation system (3); the method is characterized in that: hollow tubular or tunnel-shaped cavities directly formed by respective shells of the gel system (2), the gel activation system (3) and the modification and drying system (4) are working spaces, the working spaces are mutually independent and can form mutually-communicated tunnel-shaped continuous passing spaces through an opening and closing device, and a conveying device (11) butted with the raw and auxiliary material system (1) is arranged in each working space; cold and heat source conveying pipelines, gas channels, recovery channels and discharge channels which are communicated with the interior of each working space are arranged on the gel system (2), the gel activation system (3) and the modification and drying system (4), the cold and heat source conveying pipelines are communicated with the cold and heat source system (7), the gas channels are communicated with the gas supply system (8), the recovery channels are communicated with the recovery system (6), and the discharge channels are communicated with the waste treatment system (5).
2. The aerogel preparation system of claim 1, wherein: arranging a curing and aging accelerator in a working space of the gel system (2), wherein the curing and aging accelerator is accelerated in one or more of radio frequency radiation, sound wave, infrared radiation, vibration and heat conduction; one or more activation accelerators of heat conduction, infrared radiation, vibration, radio frequency radiation and sound wave are arranged in the working space of the gel activation system (3); and a modification accelerator is arranged in a working space of the modification and drying system (4), and the acceleration mode of the modification accelerator is one or more of sound wave, infrared radiation, vibration and heat conduction.
3. The aerogel preparation system of claim 2, wherein: each accelerator all sets up in the upper portion or the lower part of each workspace, or encircles the setting in workspace's body inner wall circumference.
4. The aerogel preparation system of claim 1, wherein: the modification and drying system (4) is a modification and drying through space formed by connecting a modification device and a drying device which are arranged independently in series or integrally; when the modifying and drying system (4) is an integrated modifying and drying through space, the gel activating system (3) is also required to be arranged in the gel system (2) and the modifying and drying system (4).
5. The aerogel preparation system of claim 1, wherein: a product post-processing system (9) and a product packaging system (10) are arranged behind the modification and drying system (4).
6. The aerogel preparation system of claim 5, wherein: the product post-processing system (9) comprises one or more of forming, performance regulation and control treatment, pressing, packaging, filling, dispersing, grinding and sorting devices.
7. The aerogel preparation system of claim 5, wherein: the product packaging system (10) is used for collecting and packaging the final aerogel product, and at least comprises a storage device and a conveying device.
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