CN210021691U - Garbage mineralization treatment equipment - Google Patents
Garbage mineralization treatment equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN210021691U CN210021691U CN201920453519.3U CN201920453519U CN210021691U CN 210021691 U CN210021691 U CN 210021691U CN 201920453519 U CN201920453519 U CN 201920453519U CN 210021691 U CN210021691 U CN 210021691U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a garbage mineralization treatment device, which comprises a furnace body, a chimney, a dust falling device, a water washing device and a catalytic device; the middle lower part of the furnace body is provided with a plurality of transverse ventilation pipes and longitudinal ventilation pipes; the dust settling device comprises a screen unit and a turn-back convolution unit, wherein the turn-back convolution unit is arranged above the screen unit and comprises at least two turn-back plates; the water washing device comprises two water tanks filled with alkaline reaction agents, each water tank is provided with a smoke inlet channel and a smoke outlet channel, the smoke inlet channels extend below the liquid level, the smoke outlet channels are arranged above the liquid level, the smoke outlet channels of one water tank are communicated with the smoke inlet channels of the other water tank through connecting flues, and the smoke inlet channels and the smoke outlet channels which are not communicated with the connecting flues are respectively communicated with the dust falling device and the catalytic device; the catalytic device comprises a heater and a flue gas catalytic reactor. The equipment adopts a low-temperature mineralization mode to treat garbage and purify flue gas, so that the treatment efficiency is high, the generation of pollutants is less, and the environmental protection is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a refuse treatment technical field especially relates to a rubbish mineralization treatment facility.
Background
At present, garbage in remote areas such as rural areas and scenic spots does not have a system effective treatment mode. Most rural areas are mainly collected in a family mode and are automatically incinerated in the open air, and a few areas are collected in a unified mode to be buried. The scenic spot garbage is generally collected in a unified way and is transported to a garbage landfill site for landfill or a garbage power plant for incineration power generation by a garbage transport vehicle. However, the rural garbage landfill system is imperfect, has insufficient depth, is close to cultivated land and villages, has heavy smell, and can cause secondary pollution to the cultivated land. The amount of garbage in scenic spots is large, and in some mountain scenic spots, the garbage is transported to landfill sites or incineration plants for a long distance, the cost is high, organic matters such as peel and meal are extremely prone to decay and release unpleasant smell, and plastic products such as food packaging bags are easy to generate toxic and harmful gas during incineration, especially dioxin is discharged.
Therefore, in view of the above disadvantages, it is desirable to provide a waste treatment apparatus which is easy to handle and has low pollution.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a can be swift, effective, and the refuse handling installation of low pollution treatment rubbish, solve prior art and be difficult to in time handle the problem of remote areas rubbish such as rural area, scenic spot.
In order to realize the aim, the utility model provides a garbage mineralization treatment device, which comprises a furnace body, a chimney, a dust settling device, a water washing device and a catalytic device;
the furnace body comprises an inner layer and an outer layer, and a magnetization layer formed by magnetic ore is arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer; the upper part of the furnace body is provided with a feeding door, the lower part of the furnace body is provided with an ash discharging door, and the bottom of the furnace body is provided with a supporting part which protrudes downwards;
a plurality of transverse ventilation pipes and a plurality of longitudinal ventilation pipes are arranged at the middle lower part of the furnace body; the transverse ventilation pipes are arranged at intervals, one end of a pipe body horizontally extends into the inner layer of the furnace body, the other end of the pipe body is arranged on the side surface of the outer layer of the furnace body, a first air adjusting door and a first motor connected with the first air adjusting door are arranged at the port, and each first motor can respectively drive the connected first air adjusting door to move so as to adjust the ventilation quantity of the transverse ventilation pipes; the longitudinal ventilation pipes are arranged at intervals, one end of a pipe body vertically extends into the inner layer of the furnace body, a plugging part is arranged at the end part of the pipe body, a plurality of ventilation holes are formed in the side wall of the pipe body, the other end of the pipe body is arranged on the bottom surface of the outer layer of the furnace body, a second air adjusting door and a second motor connected with the second air adjusting door are arranged at the end port, and each second motor can respectively drive the connected second air adjusting door to move so as to adjust the ventilation quantity of the longitudinal ventilation pipes;
the chimney is arranged at the top of the furnace body and discharges smoke from bottom to top;
the dust settling device is arranged in the chimney and comprises a screen unit and a turn-back convolution unit; the screen unit comprises at least one single-sheet screen used for filtering the smoke; the turning-back convolution unit is arranged above the screen unit and comprises at least two turning-back plates, one turning-back plate is arranged on one side in the chimney, the other turning-back plate is arranged on the opposite side in the chimney, and the turning-back plates are arranged at intervals along the smoke outlet direction of the chimney and are inclined towards the smoke outlet direction of the chimney;
the water washing device is arranged outside the chimney and comprises two water tanks filled with alkaline reaction agents; each water tank is provided with a smoke inlet channel and a smoke outlet channel, one end port of each smoke inlet channel extends into the position below the liquid level of the alkaline reaction agent in the water tank, and one end port of each smoke outlet channel is arranged above the liquid level of the alkaline reaction agent in the water tank; the smoke outlet channel of one water tank is communicated with the smoke inlet channel of the other water tank through a connecting flue; the smoke inlet channel and the smoke outlet channel which are not communicated with the connecting flue are respectively communicated with the dust falling device and the catalytic device;
the catalytic device is arranged in the chimney and comprises a heater and at least three flue gas catalytic reactors; the heater is arranged below the flue gas catalytic reactor and used for heating the flue gas entering the flue gas catalytic reactor; the inside of the flue gas catalytic reactor is of a porous honeycomb structure and is attached with a catalyst.
Preferably, the device also comprises a sensing system and a controller;
the sensing system comprises one or more of a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an open fire detector or a smoke detector, is arranged on the furnace body or the chimney, and is used for monitoring the information of the garbage mineralization treatment in real time on line and feeding back the information to the controller;
the controller is electrically connected with the sensing system, the first motors and the second motors, and is used for generating corresponding ventilation control instructions according to external input instructions and/or information fed back by the sensing system and sending the corresponding ventilation control instructions to the first motors and the second motors.
Preferably, the operation system or the operation console is electrically connected with the sensing system and the controller, and is used for receiving an external input instruction, sending the external input instruction to the controller, and receiving and displaying information fed back by the sensing system and/or a control instruction generated by the controller in real time.
Preferably, the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the open fire detector are arranged at the lower part in the furnace body, the humidity sensor is arranged at the upper middle part in the furnace body, and the smoke detector is arranged at the outlet at the top end of the chimney.
Preferably, the dust falling device is communicated with the water washing device through at least one fan, and the water washing device is communicated with the catalytic device through at least one fan;
the controller is electrically connected with each fan and used for generating a corresponding fan control instruction according to the information fed back by the sensing system and sending the corresponding fan control instruction to the corresponding fan.
Preferably, the fan is communicated with the dust falling device, the water washing device and the catalytic device through an auxiliary smoke pipe.
Preferably, the water washing device further comprises a water mist spreader, wherein the water mist spreader is arranged inside the furnace body and communicated with the bottoms of the water tanks of the water washing device through water pumps;
and the controller is electrically connected with the water pump and used for generating a corresponding water pumping control instruction according to the information fed back by the sensing system and sending the corresponding water pumping control instruction to the corresponding water pump.
Preferably, the water mist sprayer comprises a plurality of nozzles, and each nozzle is arranged above the interior of the furnace body through a rotating device; the controller is electrically connected with each rotating device and used for generating a corresponding rotation control instruction according to the information fed back by the sensing system and sending the rotation control instruction to the corresponding rotating device.
Preferably, the upper side edge of a port of the pipe body, extending into the inner layer of the furnace body, of each transverse ventilation pipe exceeds the lower side edge, and the port is inclined; the plugging part of the end part of the pipe body, extending into the inner layer of the furnace body, of each longitudinal ventilation pipe is upwards protruded and is in a hemispherical shape or a polygonal pyramid shape.
Preferably, the screen unit of the dust falling device further comprises a screen bracket, each single screen is arranged on the screen bracket, and an opening for disassembling and assembling the screen bracket is formed in the side wall of the chimney; the single screen mesh is a trapezoidal plate made of metal materials, a plurality of sieve pores for smoke to pass through are arranged at the top and the bottom of the trapezoidal plate, and the sieve pores are uniformly arranged in an array manner; the screen unit comprises a plurality of single-sheet screens, the single-sheet screens are arranged on the screen bracket in a staggered and superposed mode, and the bottom of the single-sheet screen on the upper layer corresponds to the top of the single-sheet screen on the lower layer.
The above technical scheme of the utility model has following advantage: the utility model provides a rubbish mineralization treatment facility, this equipment adopt the mode of low temperature mineralization to handle rubbish, and operating temperature is less than the formation temperature of dioxin, does not have the dioxin production at the mineralization in-process, and the processing mode is more environmental protection. The magnetization layer of the equipment forms a magnetic field, the garbage and the air in the furnace body are magnetized, the cohesion among garbage molecules is reduced, the heat energy required by garbage cracking is reduced, the magnetized air shuttles between the garbage under the action of molecular motion, the long chain breakage of the internal molecules of the garbage is accelerated, and the mineralization rate is accelerated. Meanwhile, the transverse ventilation pipe and the longitudinal ventilation pipe are communicated with the air inside and outside the furnace body and ventilate the furnace body from different positions, so that smooth air circulation of all areas in the furnace body is ensured, the ventilation quantity can be adjusted as required, the mineralization process can be maintained for a long time, and the garbage is fully mineralized as much as possible.
Flue gas that the refuse mineralization process produced is discharged through the chimney from bottom to top, and dust device filters the flue gas through screen cloth unit, and filtering tar and particulate matter change flue gas flow path through the unit of circling round of turning back, and the flue gas is through turning back the circle many times, and the particulate matter further falls back under the action of gravity, does not continue to rise along with the flue gas. The water washing device carries out secondary water washing on the flue gas, acid substance gases such as sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and the like in the flue gas react with an alkaline reaction agent in the water tank to generate salt and water, and the catalytic device carries out secondary water washing on the CO, CH and NOxThe harmful gases are converted intoHarmless CO2、H2O and N2. The garbage mineralization treatment equipment can systematically and effectively treat garbage, purify smoke generated in the mineralization process, carry out the whole mineralization process at a low temperature, has high treatment efficiency and less pollutant generation, and is beneficial to environmental protection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the furnace body in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the furnace body in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the furnace body in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a dust settling device in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a single-piece screen (partial) according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a plurality of the monolithic screens of FIG. 7 stacked in a staggered configuration;
FIG. 9 is a front view of a water washing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a top view of a water washing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a side view of a water washing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a catalytic device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 12;
fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the flue gas catalytic reactor in the embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1: a furnace body; 11: a support portion; 12: a transverse ventilation pipe; 121: a first damper; 13: a longitudinal vent tube; 131: a vent hole; 132: a plugging section; 133: a second damper; 134: an adjusting hook; 14: magnetic ore; 15: a feed gate; 16: a dust door;
21: a water tank; 22: a smoke inlet channel; 23: a smoke outlet channel; 24: connecting the flue; 25: a water level gauge; 26: a medicament addition port; 27: a water pump; 28: a nozzle; 281: a rotating device;
31: a chimney; 32: a single-piece screen; 321: screening holes; 33: a screen carrier; 331: a sealing part; 34: disassembling and assembling the handle; 35: a return plate; 36: a card slot; 37: a fan;
41: heating a tube; 42: a flue gas catalytic reactor; 43: a smoke detector.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 14, an embodiment of the present invention provides a garbage mineralization treatment apparatus, which can be used for low-temperature mineralization treatment of garbage. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the apparatus includes a furnace body 1, a chimney, a dust falling device, a water washing device, and a catalytic device. Wherein, furnace body 1 is bilayer structure, including inlayer and skin, the inlayer is inside cavity for mineralize mineralization rubbish, and the skin cover is located outside the inlayer. It should be noted that fig. 1 and 2 show the internal conditions of the refuse mineralization treatment apparatus, and part of the chimney and the furnace body 1 are hidden.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the outer layer and the inner layer of the furnace body 1 are arranged at intervals, a cavity is formed between the outer layer and the inner layer for heat preservation and arranging a magnetization layer, the magnetization layer is composed of magnetic ore 14 for magnetizing garbage and air in the furnace body 1, different from a permanent magnet, the magnetic ore 14 is not easily affected by the temperature generated by mineralization, and can provide a stable magnetic field for a long time, and the magnetic field acts on the garbage and air in the furnace body 1 to accelerate the mineralization rate, so that the garbage can be quickly mineralized under the low temperature condition. It should be noted that fig. 3 and 4 show the inside of the furnace body 1 with parts of the inner layer and the outer layer of the furnace body 1 hidden, and fig. 5 shows the magnetized layer on the bottom surface with parts of the outer layer of the furnace body 1 hidden.
During the treatment process, the garbage is subjected to open fire-free low-temperature mineralization reaction in the furnace body 1, the contents in the furnace body 1 can be divided into a garbage layer, a mineralization layer and an ash layer from top to bottom, the garbage layer is converted into the mineralization layer, and the garbage is converted into ash slag through mineralization in the process from the upper layer to the bottom layer. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the furnace body 1 is provided at an upper portion thereof with a feed gate 15 for feeding garbage to be treated and at a lower portion thereof with an ash discharge gate 16 for discharging ash generated after the treatment.
The bottom of the furnace body 1 is provided with a support part 11 protruding downwards for supporting the furnace body 1, so that the bottom surface of the furnace body 1 is separated from the ground, and the ventilation from the bottom surface to the interior of the furnace body 1 is realized. The middle lower part of the furnace body 1 is provided with a plurality of transverse ventilation pipes 12 and a plurality of longitudinal ventilation pipes 13. Each transverse ventilation pipe 12 is arranged at intervals, one end of the pipe body horizontally extends into the inner layer of the furnace body 1, the other end of the pipe body is arranged on the outer side face of the furnace body 1, a first air damper 121 and a first motor connected with the first air damper 121 are arranged at the port position of the pipe body, each first motor can respectively drive the first air damper 121 connected with the first motor to move, the port of the transverse ventilation pipe 12 where the first air damper 121 is located is shielded or opened, and the ventilation quantity of the corresponding transverse ventilation pipe 12 is adjusted. Each longitudinal ventilation pipe 13 interval sets up, and inside its body one end was vertical to stretch into 1 inlayer of furnace body, and the body tip was equipped with shutoff portion 132, and a plurality of ventilation holes 131 have been seted up to the body lateral wall, can realize ventilating with 1 inner space of furnace body through each ventilation hole 131. The other end of the pipe body of each longitudinal ventilation pipe 13 is arranged on the bottom surface of the outer layer of the furnace body 1, a second air damper 133 and a second motor connected with the second air damper 133 are arranged at the port, and each second motor can respectively drive the connected second air damper 133 to move, so that the port of the longitudinal ventilation pipe 13 where the second air damper 133 is located is shielded or opened, and the ventilation quantity of the longitudinal ventilation pipe 13 is adjusted. The transverse ventilation pipes 12 and the longitudinal ventilation pipes 13 ventilate the inner part of the furnace body 1 from different positions of the side surface or the bottom surface of the outer layer of the furnace body 1, so that smooth air circulation of all areas in the furnace body 1 in the mineralization process can be ensured, and the ventilation quantity in the furnace body 1 can be adjusted at any time according to the specific conditions of the mineralization process.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the chimney 31 is disposed at the top of the furnace body 1 and discharges smoke from bottom to top, i.e., the chimney 31 discharges smoke from bottom to top. The chimney 31 can be integrated or segmented.
The dust falling device is arranged inside the chimney 31 and comprises a screen unit and a return convolution unit. The screen unit comprises at least one single sheet of screen 32 made of a high temperature resistant metal, such as stainless steel mesh. The screen unit is arranged inside the chimney 31 and used for filtering the smoke discharged from the chimney 31. The specific shape and size of the single screen 32 can be determined according to the shape and size of the chimney 31, the screen unit is preferably arranged at the bottom end of the chimney 31, high-temperature flue gas generated in the mineralization process in the furnace body 1 can be directly treated, particulate matters and tar in the flue gas are filtered, the flue gas does not need to be cooled, the flue gas is not easy to bond and block, after the screen is used for a period of time, the single screen 32 can be taken out, and can be cleaned by soaking and scrubbing with alkaline solution, so that the screen can be repeatedly used.
The back-turning convolution unit is arranged above the screen unit, and the flue gas passing through the screen unit enters the back-turning convolution unit. The back-turning convolution unit comprises at least two back-turning plates 35, as shown in fig. 6, one back-turning plate 35 is arranged on one side inside the chimney 31, the other back-turning plate 35 is arranged on the other opposite side inside the chimney 31, and the back-turning plates 35 are arranged at intervals along the smoke outlet direction of the chimney 31 and are all inclined towards the smoke outlet direction of the chimney 31. It should be noted that, after the turning back and turning back unit is added, the flow path of the smoke in the chimney 31 is changed, but the smoke discharging direction here refers to the original smoke discharging direction of the chimney itself. Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, one end of each of the folding plates 35 is disposed on the side wall of the chimney 31, and the other end thereof extends into the chimney 31 beyond the center line of the chimney 31 without contacting the inner wall on the opposite side. The specific shape and size of the folding-back plate 35 can also be designed according to the chimney 31. The turn-back plate 35 partitions the inner space of the chimney 31 to form an S-shaped flue gas flow path. The flue gas after filtering is through turning back the unit that circles round, turns back the flow that circles round, prolongs the dwell time of flue gas, and at this in-process, because the action of gravity, the particulate matter in the flue gas continues to fall back, does not discharge along with the flue gas, can effectively restrain the emission of particulate matter, reaches the purpose of flue gas dust fall.
As shown in fig. 1, the water washing device is provided outside the chimney 31 and communicates with the chimney 31. The water washing device comprises two water tanks 21 filled with alkaline reaction agents, wherein the alkaline reaction agents can be prepared by dissolving alkaline substances in water, and the alkaline substances are preferably hydrated lime. Both water tanks 21 are made of a corrosion-resistant material, preferably stainless steel. The specific dimensions of the water tank 21 can be set according to the flue gas flow to be treated and are not further limited herein.
As shown in fig. 9 to 11, each water tank 21 is provided with a smoke inlet channel 22 and a smoke outlet channel 23 which are arranged at intervals, one end of the smoke inlet channel 22 is arranged outside the water tank 21, the other end of the smoke inlet channel extends into the water tank 21 below the liquid level of the alkaline reaction agent, one end of the smoke outlet channel 23 is arranged above the liquid level of the alkaline reaction agent inside the water tank 21, and the other end of the smoke outlet channel is arranged outside the water tank 21. The port of the smoke outlet channel 23 of one water tank 21 is communicated with the port of the smoke inlet channel 22 of the other water tank 21 through a connecting flue 24. The port of the smoke inlet passage 22 and the port of the smoke outlet passage 23 which are not communicated with the connecting flue 24 are respectively communicated with the dust fall device and the catalytic device. Setting one end of the dust falling device, the water washing device and the catalytic device, which flows into the flue gas, as a flue gas inlet end, and one end of the dust falling device, which flows out of the water washing device and the catalytic device, as a flue gas outlet end, as shown in fig. 1, the port of the flue gas inlet channel 22, which is not communicated with the connecting flue 24, is the flue gas inlet end of the water washing device and is communicated with the flue gas outlet end of the dust falling device; the port of the smoke outlet channel 23 which is not communicated with the connecting flue 24 is the smoke outlet end of the water washing device and is communicated with the smoke inlet end of the catalytic device, so that the smoke passing through the dust falling device is introduced into the water washing device and then introduced into the catalytic device. After the flue gas that dust device dust fall was handled lets in the washing device, the flue gas gets into a water tank 21, and sulfur dioxide in the flue gas and acidic substance gas such as hydrogen sulfide react with the interior alkaline reaction medicament of water tank 21, produce salt and water, and residual gas is inputed another water tank 21 via connecting flue 24, reacts with the alkaline reaction medicament in this water tank 21 once more, carries out secondary washing, and the sulphur component is showing and is reducing, the emission of effective control sulphide. Meanwhile, fine particles in the flue gas can absorb water and precipitate through the water tank 21 and remain in the alkaline reaction agent solution, and the tar can be changed into a liquid state through the water tank 21 after the temperature of the tar is reduced and can also remain in the water tank 21 and cannot be continuously discharged along with the flue gas, so that the aim of reducing harmful substances in the flue gas is fulfilled. The water washing device has no problems of easy scaling, blockage and the like, and the alkaline reaction agent after water washing is easy to take out and convenient to maintain. Because the hot flue gas has a large amount of heat, simultaneously the flue gas overflows from the medicament, drives the medicament to move and produces certain heat, even in cold areas in winter, the liquid in the water tank can not freeze, and is not limited by the temperature of regions or seasons.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the catalytic device is disposed inside the stack 31, preferably at the top end of the stack 31, and as shown in fig. 12-14, the catalytic device includes a heater and at least three flue gas catalytic reactors 42. In particular, the heater may employ a plurality of heating pipes 41, the heating pipes 41 extending into the chimney 31 for heating the flue gas before it enters the flue gas catalytic reactor 42 to reach the temperature required for catalysis, for example to 300 ℃. As shown in fig. 14, the inside of the flue gas catalytic reactor 42 is a porous honeycomb structure, and is attached with a catalyst, and the catalyst can be made of platinum, rhodium, palladium, and is sprayed on the porous honeycomb structure. At least three flue gas catalytic reactors 42 are circumferentially and uniformly disposed above the heater. The flue gas heated by the heater enters the flue gas catalytic reactor 42, and the catalyst in the flue gas catalytic reactor 42 enhances CO, CH and NOxThe activity of the three gases promotes the oxidation-reduction chemical reaction, wherein CO is oxidized into colorless and nontoxic CO at high temperature2A gas; oxidation of CH compounds to H at high temperatures2O and CO2；NOxReduction to N2And O2Three harmful gases become harmless gases, so that tail gas can be purified. The flue gas after the secondary washing treatment of the washing device is introduced into the catalytic device, the flue gas introduced into the catalytic device is heated by the heater and then is subjected to catalytic treatment by the flue gas catalytic reactor, so that harmful substances in the tail gas are further converted, the air pollution caused by smoke discharge in the process of mineralizing the garbage is reduced, and the environmental protection is facilitated.
The utility model provides a rubbish mineralization treatment facility, can handle rubbish fast effectively, after igniting for the first time, rubbish lasts the low temperature mineralization by self heat conduction in the furnace body 1, lime-ash after the mineralization forms the ashing layer in the bottom and plays the heat preservation effect, the mineralization layer of ashing layer top is similar to the charcoal fire, it nevertheless can not have the naked light to produce to have very high heat, mineralize rubbish with the temperature that is less than 200 ℃ (does not produce dioxin), continuously go on along with the mineralization, the rubbish layer sinks thereupon and forms new mineralization layer, original mineralization layer can be with time and the heat exhausts and turn into the ashing layer. Under the condition of sufficient garbage supply, the garbage layer, the mineralization layer and the ash layer are continuously transformed, and the mineralization treatment can be continuously carried out. The garbage is disposed as soon as coming, and accumulation is not caused; the garbage is mineralized to generate smoke and ash, the smoke reaches the standard GB18485-2014 for controlling the incineration pollution of the household garbage, the ash reaches the standard GB16889-2008 for controlling the pollution of the landfill site of the household garbage, the garbage can be directly buried, the garbage percolate can not be generated, the secondary pollution to the surrounding environment can not be caused, and the effects of reduction, harmlessness and recycling of the treatment of the garbage are realized. The device has the advantages of high working efficiency, small occupied area, strong adaptability, no limitation of regions, seasons, weather and the like, easy operation, simple maintenance and capability of ensuring 24-hour operation, and organic garbage can be continuously treated by heat of the device only by one-time ignition without providing a heat source from the outside under the condition of continuous feeding.
In some preferred embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a sensing system and a controller. The sensing system comprises one or more of a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an open fire detector or a smoke detector, is arranged on the furnace body 1 or the chimney, and is used for monitoring various information related to the garbage mineralization treatment in real time on line and feeding back the information to the controller. Preferably, the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the open fire detector are arranged at the middle lower part in the furnace body 1 and used for monitoring the pressure and the temperature of the mineralization layer and the ash layer and whether open fire points exist. Further preferably, the temperature is high when the garbage layer is converted into the mineralized layer, so that an open fire point caused by local overhigh temperature is easy to appear, and the detection positions of the temperature sensor and the open fire detector are preferably arranged near the junction of the garbage layer and the mineralized layer. The humidity sensor is arranged at the middle upper part inside the furnace body 1 and used for monitoring the whole humidity environment in the furnace body 1. The smoke detector is arranged at an outlet at the top end of the chimney and used for monitoring smoke exhaust components.
The controller is electrically connected with each sensor, each first motor and each second motor in the sensing system, and is used for generating a corresponding ventilation control instruction according to an external input instruction and/or information fed back by the sensing system, sending the corresponding ventilation control instruction to each first motor and each second motor, and regulating and controlling the ventilation of each transverse ventilation pipe 12 and each longitudinal ventilation pipe 13. Preferably, the controller is further connected with the heater and used for generating a corresponding heating control instruction according to information fed back by the sensing system and sending the heating control instruction to the heater to control the working temperature of the heater.
Preferably, the garbage mineralization treatment equipment further comprises an operating system or an operating console, wherein the operating system or the operating console is electrically connected with the sensing system and the controller and is used for receiving external input instructions input by a user, sending the external input instructions to the controller and receiving and displaying information fed back by the sensing system and/or control instructions generated by the controller in real time. The operating system or console may include an input device (e.g., a keyboard) for receiving external input commands from a user, and a display for displaying information fed back by the sensing system and/or control commands generated by the controller. Under the normal operation state of the garbage mineralization treatment equipment, the temperature, the humidity, the pressure and the garbage mineralization state in the furnace body 1 and CO, CH and NO in the flue gasxData such as sulfide and particulate matter content are transmitted to an operation interface of an operation system or an operation platform in real time, the exhaust smoke condition and the working conditions of each device of dust fall, water washing and catalysis can be monitored in real time, and meanwhile, the data can be stored.
Preferably, the garbage mineralization treatment equipment can be further provided with an alarm system, the alarm system is connected with the controller, when various working indexes of mineralization reaction are abnormal, the controller generates prompt information to prompt a user to operate, for example, when the temperature/humidity of garbage in the furnace body exceeds a limit value, the alarm system can prompt the user to open or close a large air door or a small air door, and if the user does not operate, the controller can also automatically generate an instruction to adjust.
Preferably, the sensing system further comprises a material level detector for detecting the height of the content in the furnace body, namely monitoring the reaction degree of the garbage in the furnace body, and if the collapse height of the garbage layer reaches a set position, prompting a user to fill the material through an alarm system so as to continuously carry out the mineralization reaction.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the support portion 11 includes at least two i-beams, each of which is disposed in parallel and spaced apart. The I-shaped steel structure is simple, the occupied space is small, and the arrangement of other parts is not influenced.
As shown in fig. 3 to 5, the magnetization layer includes a plurality of lump-shaped magnetic ores 14, and each of the magnetic ores 14 is provided on the bottom surface and the side surface of the furnace body 1 in the cavity between the outer layer and the inner layer of the furnace body 1. In order to ensure that the garbage is always under the influence of magnetic field magnetization in the gradual mineralization process and improve the low-temperature mineralization efficiency, magnetization layers are arranged in the bottom area of the furnace body 1 and at least in the area below 1/2 of each side surface of the furnace body 1. That is, the magnetization layer covers the bottom surface region of the furnace body 1, and at least covers the middle and lower regions of each side surface, so that at least the mineralized layer and the ashed layer are within the magnetic field action range. The magnetic ore 14 in the magnetized layer is preferably provided outside the inner layer of the furnace body 1. Preferably, the individual magnetic ores 14 are arranged in an array to ensure uniform distribution of the magnetic field. Further preferably, the length and width of each magnetic ore 14 in the magnetized layer are both 2-5 cm, and the thickness is 1-4 cm. The cross-sectional shape of the individual magnetic ore 14 is preferably polygonal, such as rectangular, rhombic, hexagonal, or the like.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the main body of the furnace body 1 is approximately rectangular, the four sides, the upper top surface and the lower bottom surface are all formed by welding and connecting steel plates, the upper top is arched upwards to form a table structure, the chimney is arranged in the center of the upper top surface and communicated with the interior of the furnace body 1, the feeding doors 15 are arranged on the upper top slopes on the front side and the rear side of the device, the upper end of the feeding doors is hinged with the furnace body 1 through a fixed shaft, the lower end of the feeding doors is provided with a handle to facilitate opening, and a clamping structure is arranged at the connection part of the feeding doors and the furnace body so that the feeding doors 15 are lifted and. The ash discharging doors 16 are arranged at the lower parts of the four side surfaces of the furnace body 1 close to the bottom surface, one end of each ash discharging door 16 is fixed, and the other end of each ash discharging door is provided with a handle, so that ash can be conveniently taken out.
Preferably, each transverse ventilation pipe 12 and each longitudinal ventilation pipe 13 are arranged in the magnetization layer covering area, each transverse ventilation pipe 12 penetrates through the magnetization layer covering area on the side face of the furnace body 1, each longitudinal ventilation pipe 13 penetrates through the magnetization layer covering area on the bottom face of the furnace body 1, and the height of the pipe body extending into the inner layer of the furnace body 1 does not exceed the height of the magnetization layer covering area on the side face of the furnace body 1. Further preferably, the height of the coverage area of the magnetization layer on the side surface of the furnace is 1-1.5 times of the height of the longitudinal ventilation pipe 13 extending into the inner tube of the furnace body 1.
Preferably, as shown in figures 3 and 4, each transverse draft tube 12 extends into the furnace body 1 at the tube end opening inside the inner layer, i.e. the inner end opening, with the upper edge exceeding the lower edge, which is preferably beveled. The inclined port can prevent the garbage filled into the furnace body 1 from being blocked at the transverse ventilation pipe 12 or leaking out of the furnace body 1 from the transverse ventilation pipe 12.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the plugging part 132 of the end of each longitudinal ventilation pipe 13 extending into the pipe body inside the inner layer of the furnace body 1 protrudes upwards, the upward protruding plugging part 132 can prevent the garbage filled into the furnace body 1 from accumulating at the end of the longitudinal ventilation pipe 13, and the plugging part 132 is preferably in a hemispherical shape or a polygonal pyramid shape, so that the filled garbage can slide down from the end of the longitudinal ventilation pipe 13.
In order to ensure that the spaces with different heights in the furnace body 1 can realize air circulation, preferably, the height of the pipe body of each longitudinal ventilation pipe 13 extending into the inner layer of the furnace body 1 is not less than 1/4 of the inner layer of the furnace body 1, and preferably, the height of the inner side of the furnace body 1 is 1/4-1/2. Preferably, to further enhance the air circulation effect, the plurality of vent holes 131 on each longitudinal vent pipe 13 are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the pipe body in an array form. The length of the area provided with the ventilation holes 131 on each longitudinal ventilation pipe 13 is preferably not less than the total length 2/3 thereof to enhance the ventilation effect inside the furnace body 1. Further preferably, the vent holes 131 are not formed at the positions, close to the heights of the bottom surfaces 1/4-1/3, of the longitudinal vent pipes 13, so that ash residues in an ash layer are prevented from leaking out of the vent holes 131.
The first damper 121 and the second damper 133 may have the same structure or different structures. Preferably, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the first damper 121 is a rotary damper, and is preferably disposed outside the outer layer of the furnace body 1, and the upper end thereof is hinged to the outer layer of the furnace body 1, and can be driven by the connected first motor to rotate relative to the port of the transverse ventilation pipe 12 where the first damper is located, so as to adjust the size of the ventilation pipe tuyere. The rotation is preferably performed in a way that the rotation is parallel to the plane of the outer port of the transverse ventilation pipe 12, the rotation is easy to realize, is not easy to damage, and is more space-saving when being arranged on the side wall.
Further preferably, as shown in fig. 5, the second damper 133 is a movable damper, and is preferably disposed on the inner side or the outer side of the outer layer of the furnace body 1, a pull ring is disposed on the outer side of the second damper 133, a damper 134 connected to the pull ring is disposed at the bottom of the outer layer of the furnace body 1, each damper 134 is connected to a corresponding second motor, and can be driven by the second motor to pull the corresponding second damper 133 through the pull ring to move relative to the longitudinal vent pipe 13 where the damper is located, so as to adjust the vent pipe opening. The movable air damper is adopted at the bottom of the outer layer of the furnace body 1, so that the space is saved, the realization is easy, and the damage is not easy.
Preferably, the device comprises N transverse ventilation pipes 12 and N +1 longitudinal ventilation pipes 13, wherein N is a positive integer, and preferably is 2-8. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, one of the longitudinal ventilation pipes 13 is arranged at the center of the bottom surface of the furnace body 1, the other N transverse ventilation pipes 12 and the N longitudinal ventilation pipes 13 are arranged at intervals around the longitudinal ventilation pipe 13 arranged at the center, the height of the longitudinal ventilation pipe 13 arranged at the center is greater than that of the other N longitudinal ventilation pipes 13, and correspondingly, the number of the ventilation holes 131 on the side wall is more, which is beneficial to enhancing the ventilation at the center of the furnace body 1. Further preferably, the height of the longitudinal ventilation pipe 13 arranged at the center is 5/4-3/2 of the height of other longitudinal ventilation pipes 13.
Preferably, the positions of the N transverse ventilation pipes 12 correspond to the areas of the longitudinal ventilation pipes 13 provided with the ventilation holes 131, and the positions and heights of the transverse ventilation pipes 12 (namely the distances from the positions to the bottom surface of the furnace body 1) are preferably 1/2-2/3 of the heights of the longitudinal ventilation pipes 13 arranged at the center, so that the transverse ventilation pipes and the longitudinal ventilation pipes cooperate to enhance the ventilation effect of the areas of the mineralization layer in the furnace body 1.
Preferably, the N transverse ventilation pipes 12 are respectively arranged corresponding to the N longitudinal ventilation pipes 13 which are not arranged at the center, further preferably, as shown in fig. 5, a projection point of the center of the port at the inner side of each transverse ventilation pipe 12 on the bottom surface of the furnace body 1 is connected with the center of the bottom surface of the furnace body 1, a projection point of the center of the port of the longitudinal ventilation pipe 13 corresponding to the transverse ventilation pipe 12 on the bottom surface of the furnace body 1 is connected with the center of the bottom surface of the furnace body 1, and an off angle thereof is not more than 15 °, in particular, a projection point of the center of the port at the inner side of the transverse ventilation pipe 12 on the bottom surface of the furnace body 1 is located on an extension line of the projection point of the center of the port of the. The corresponding transverse ventilation pipes 12 and the longitudinal ventilation pipes 13 are mutually matched to form multiple circulations in the furnace body 1, so that the air flow is promoted.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, in a preferred embodiment, the apparatus comprises four transverse ventilation pipes 12 and five longitudinal ventilation pipes 13, the main body of the furnace body 1 is approximately rectangular, the cross section of the main body is in a chamfered rectangle, so that dead corners unfavorable for air flow at the corners of the furnace body 1 are avoided, the four transverse ventilation pipes 12 are respectively arranged at the four chamfered corners, and the four transverse ventilation pipes ventilate the interior of the furnace body 1 from the chamfered corners, so as to further reduce the regions unfavorable for air circulation.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the chimney 31 has a tower-shaped body, preferably divided into three parts, namely an upper part, a middle part and a lower part, the dust settling device is arranged at the lower part, the water washing device is communicated with the lower part and the upper part, and the catalytic device is arranged at the upper part. The cross section of the middle lower part is rectangular, so that the dust settling device is convenient to mount, and the cross section of the upper part is circular. A chimney cap is preferably arranged at an outlet above the chimney 31, and the chimney cap can shield the outlet above the chimney 31 and avoid impurities, rainwater and the like from falling into the chimney.
As shown in fig. 6, the screen unit of the dust-settling device preferably further includes a screen bracket 33, and each of the single-piece screens 32 is provided on the screen bracket 33. The single-piece screen 32 may be detachably fixed to the screen bracket 33 by a bayonet structure or by a bolt tight connection. Correspondingly, the side wall of the chimney 31 is provided with an opening for mounting and dismounting the screen bracket 33, the screen bracket 33 can be inserted through the opening on the side wall of the chimney 31, namely, each single screen 32 can be mounted in the chimney 31 through the screen bracket 33. The screen unit can be integrally installed or removed for cleaning by the screen bracket 33, and maintenance is more convenient.
Preferably, the single screen 32 is a trapezoidal plate made of metal, as shown in fig. 7, the single screen 32 is provided with a plurality of rows of grooves arranged in parallel at intervals, the cross section of the single screen 32 is a trapezoid arranged in series, the top and the bottom of the trapezoidal plate are both provided with a plurality of sieve holes 321 for passing through the flue gas, that is, the sieve holes 321 are arranged at the bottom of each groove and the connection between two adjacent grooves, and each sieve hole 321 is arranged in an array manner. When the flue gas passes through sieve mesh 321, the large granule in the flue gas is separated by sieve mesh 321, falls back under the action of gravity, and the tar in the flue gas is adsorbed in the slot of trapezoidal plate under electrostatic adsorption's effect, does not discharge along with the flue gas, realizes filtering particulate matter and tar in the flue gas. The specific number and size of the holes 321 and grooves can be adjusted according to the smoke evacuation condition, and are not further limited herein.
Considering that the filtering effect of one single screen 32 on the flue gas is limited, the filtering effect of the screen unit can be improved by increasing the number of the single screens 32 in the screen unit. Preferably, the screen unit includes a plurality of single-piece screens 32, the plurality of single-piece screens 32 are alternately stacked on the screen bracket 33, as shown in fig. 8, in two adjacent single-piece screens 32, the bottom of the upper single-piece screen 32 corresponds to the top of the lower single-piece screen 32, but the bottom of the upper single-piece screen 32 corresponds to the bottom of the lower single-piece screen 32, and the single-piece screens 32 may contact or be spaced apart from each other. A plurality of monolithic screen cloth 32 can filter the flue gas many times, and crisscross stack can avoid filtering the tar that remains and particulate matter blocks up sieve mesh 321, influences the filter effect.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, a sealing portion 331 matching with an opening opened in a side wall of the chimney 31 is provided at one side end of the screen bracket 33, and by the cooperation of the sealing portion 331 and the opening, the flue gas can be prevented from leaking from the opening, and the untreated flue gas can be prevented from leaking to the atmosphere. It is preferable that the attachment/detachment handle 34 is provided outside the sealing portion 331, and the screen bracket 33 and the single screen 32 can be more easily attached/detached by attaching/detaching the handle 34. Further preferably, an asbestos cloth is arranged between the sealing portion 331 and the opening of the side wall of the chimney 31.
The number, the size and the shape of the turn-back plates 35 in the turn-back convolution unit can be determined by the specific conditions of the chimney 31, namely the smoke exhaust requirement, the more the number of the turn-back plates 35 is, the more the times of smoke returning convolution is carried out, and/or the larger the shielding range of the turn-back plates 35 is, the longer the smoke dust settling time is, and the better the pollutant reduction effect is. The folding back convolution unit preferably includes three or more folding back plates 35, and two adjacent folding back plates 35 are located on different sides inside the chimney 31, that is, two adjacent folding back plates 35 are not on the same side.
Preferably, the respective turn-back plates 35 are alternately disposed on opposite sides inside the chimney 31, that is, two adjacent turn-back plates 35 are disposed on opposite sides, or each turn-back plate 35 is disposed inside the chimney 31 along a spiral line. Further preferably, when the respective folded plates 35 are alternately arranged, the length of the overlapping area of two adjacent folded plates 35 is not less than 1/3 of its own length. When each of the folded plates 35 is arranged along a spiral line, the width of the overlapping area of two adjacent folded plates 35 is not less than 1/3 of the width of the overlapping area. The overlapping region here refers to a region where the folding-back plate 35 overlaps when projected in the smoke discharge direction.
Preferably, the inclination angle of the turning-back plate 35 relative to the smoke outlet direction of the chimney 31 is 30-70 degrees, the smaller the inclination angle of the turning-back plate 35 relative to the smoke outlet direction of the chimney 31 is, the longer the time for the smoke to turn back and flow through the turning-back and turning-back unit is, the better the dust fall effect is, but the larger the inclination angle is, the particles can fall back to the lower part of the turning-back and turning-back unit, and the adhesion of the particles and tar to the turning.
In order to conveniently arrange the turning-back plate 35, preferably, as shown in fig. 6, the turning-back plate 35 is detachably arranged inside the chimney 31 through a clamping groove 36, the clamping groove 36 is arranged on the side wall of the chimney 31, a notch of the clamping groove 36 inclines towards the smoke outlet direction of the chimney 31, when the folding-back device is used, one side of the turning-back plate 35 is inserted into the notch of the clamping groove 36, and the turning-back plate 35 can be arranged inside the chimney 31.
Preferably, the dust falling device is also provided with heating pipes 41, and as shown in fig. 6, each heating pipe 41 is provided in the turning and swirling unit, and is preferably perpendicular to the smoke outlet direction of the chimney 31, and secondarily heats insufficiently combusted substances in the smoke to sufficiently combust the substances, thereby further reducing particulate matter emission. The turning-back convolution unit can prolong the retention time of the flue gas, and the secondary heating can be ensured to be fully carried out in the turning-back convolution process.
In some preferred embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the apparatus further comprises at least two fans 37, the dust falling device and the water washing device are communicated through at least one fan 37, and the fans 37 assist the flow of the flue gas from the dust falling device to the water washing device. The water washing device is communicated with the catalytic device through at least one fan 37, and the fan 37 assists the flue gas to flow into the catalytic device from the water washing device. Preferably, the fan 37 is communicated with the dust falling device, the water washing device and the catalytic device through an auxiliary smoke pipe. As shown in fig. 1, when two fans 37 are provided, one end of one fan 37 is connected to the smoke outlet of the dust falling device through the auxiliary smoke tube, and the other end is connected to the smoke inlet of the water washing device through the auxiliary smoke tube. One end of the other fan 37 is communicated with the smoke outlet end of the water washing device through an auxiliary smoke pipe, and the other end of the other fan is connected to the smoke inlet end of the catalytic device through the auxiliary smoke pipe.
The controller is electrically connected to each fan 37, and is configured to generate a corresponding fan control instruction according to information fed back by the sensing system, and send the corresponding fan control instruction to the corresponding fan 37, control the operating condition of each fan 37, and adjust the air suction power of each fan 37 according to the flue gas treatment condition. For example, when the smoke detector 43 detects that the smoke components contain harmful gases which are not treated completely, the power of the fan 37 can be reduced, the retention time in the smoke stack 31 can be prolonged, and the effect of purifying the smoke can be improved.
In some preferred embodiments, the apparatus further comprises a water mist diffuser disposed inside the furnace body 1 and communicating with the bottom of each tank 21 of the water washing device through a water pump 27. The controller is electrically connected with each water pump 27, and is configured to generate a corresponding water pumping control instruction according to information fed back by the sensing system, for example, the humidity in the furnace body 1 fed back by the humidity sensor, and send the corresponding water pumping control instruction to the corresponding water pump 27 to control the operating state of the water pump 27. The water pump 27 can convey the alkaline reaction agent in the water tank 21 to the water mist spreader, and the alkaline reaction agent in the water tank 21 is sprayed to the interior of the furnace body 1, so that the humidity in the interior of the furnace body 1 can be regulated and controlled by the alkaline reaction agent in the water tank 21, and the agent after reaction in the water tank 21 and the sediments generated by the reaction can be timely pumped out, thereby avoiding the deposition of particles, tar and other substances in the flue gas in the water tank 21 and cleaning the water tank 21 without extra labor.
Preferably, the controller synthesizes feedback information of the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor in the furnace body 1, controls ventilation amount and spraying amount, controls the water pump to start to spray the liquid medicine into the furnace body until the humidity reaches a threshold value, for example, 70% when detecting that the temperature of the mineralization reaction is too high, for example, higher than 200 ℃ or the humidity is too low, for example, lower than 30%, simultaneously closes each first damper and each second damper to reduce the reaction rate, and opens each first damper and each second damper to improve the reaction rate when detecting that the temperature of the mineralization reaction is too low or the humidity is too high.
Preferably, the water mist dispenser comprises a plurality of nozzles 28, each of the nozzles 28 is separately disposed at different positions above the interior of the furnace body 1, and can be operated and closed independently or simultaneously to spray the liquid to different areas of the interior of the furnace body 1.
Preferably, each nozzle 28 is rotatably disposed above the inside of the furnace body 1 through a rotating device 281, the controller is electrically connected to each rotating device 281, and is configured to generate a corresponding rotation control command according to information fed back by the sensing system, such as temperature fed back by the temperature sensor and/or open fire information fed back by the open fire detector, and send the corresponding rotation control command to the corresponding rotating device 281, each rotating device 281 may rotate independently or rotate synchronously, and the controller controls the corresponding rotating device 281 to drive the nozzle 28 to rotate according to the detected information, and sprays toward the vicinity of the open fire in the furnace body for the open fire or the high temperature region, for example, sprays toward the upper side of the open fire in the garbage layer, so that the liquid permeates into the open fire position, controls the mineralization process without open fire, and reduces harmful substances.
Considering that the liquid level of the alkaline reaction chemical in the water tank 21 directly affects the effect of the washing flue gas, the liquid level is too high and may cause overflow, and too low may cause the washing effect to drop or even fail, preferably, as shown in fig. 9, a water level meter 25 is provided on the sidewall of each water tank 21, the water level meter 25 is communicated with the inside of the water tank 21, so as to monitor the liquid level of the alkaline reaction chemical inside the water tank 21 in real time, and further preferably, a warning liquid level is further provided on the water level meter 25, so as to remind the user to add the alkaline reaction chemical into the water tank 21 in time.
Preferably, a chemical adding port 26 is opened above each water tank 21 for adding an alkaline reaction chemical into the water tank 21. In a preferred embodiment, the washing device further comprises a chemical adding device, the chemical adding device is disposed at the chemical adding port 26 of the water tank 21, the controller is electrically connected to the water level meters 25 and the chemical adding ports 26 of the two water tanks 21, and is used for judging whether to open the corresponding chemical adding port 26 according to the information whether the liquid level of the alkaline reaction chemical monitored by each water level meter 25 reaches the warning liquid level, generating a corresponding injection control command, sending the command to each chemical adding port 26, controlling the corresponding chemical adding port 26 to open and close, and injecting the alkaline reaction chemical into the water tank 21 through the chemical adding device.
In order to ensure that the flue gas introduced from the flue gas inlet channel 22 can fully react with the alkaline reaction agent in the water tank 21, preferably, the difference between the height of the port of the flue gas inlet channel 22 of each water tank 21 extending into the water tank 21 and the height of the liquid level of the alkaline reaction agent in the water tank 21 is 1/3-2/3, and the difference between the height of the port of the flue gas inlet channel 22 extending into the water tank 21 and the height of the port of the adjacent flue gas outlet channel 23 arranged in the water tank 21 is 1/3-2/3 of the height of the water tank 21. The distance separating the smoke outlet passage 23 and the smoke inlet passage 22 is preferably not less than 1/2 of the length of the water tank 21.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its corresponding aspects.
Claims (10)
1. A refuse mineralization treatment device is characterized in that: comprises a furnace body, a chimney, a dust falling device, a water washing device and a catalytic device;
the furnace body comprises an inner layer and an outer layer, and a magnetization layer formed by magnetic ore is arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer; the upper part of the furnace body is provided with a feeding door, the lower part of the furnace body is provided with an ash discharging door, and the bottom of the furnace body is provided with a supporting part which protrudes downwards;
a plurality of transverse ventilation pipes and a plurality of longitudinal ventilation pipes are arranged at the middle lower part of the furnace body; the transverse ventilation pipes are arranged at intervals, one end of a pipe body horizontally extends into the inner layer of the furnace body, the other end of the pipe body is arranged on the side surface of the outer layer of the furnace body, a first air adjusting door and a first motor connected with the first air adjusting door are arranged at the port, and each first motor can respectively drive the connected first air adjusting door to move so as to adjust the ventilation quantity of the transverse ventilation pipes; the longitudinal ventilation pipes are arranged at intervals, one end of a pipe body vertically extends into the inner layer of the furnace body, a plugging part is arranged at the end part of the pipe body, a plurality of ventilation holes are formed in the side wall of the pipe body, the other end of the pipe body is arranged on the bottom surface of the outer layer of the furnace body, a second air adjusting door and a second motor connected with the second air adjusting door are arranged at the end port, and each second motor can respectively drive the connected second air adjusting door to move so as to adjust the ventilation quantity of the longitudinal ventilation pipes;
the chimney is arranged at the top of the furnace body and discharges smoke from bottom to top;
the dust settling device is arranged in the chimney and comprises a screen unit and a turn-back convolution unit; the screen unit comprises at least one single-sheet screen used for filtering the smoke; the turning-back convolution unit is arranged above the screen unit and comprises at least two turning-back plates, one turning-back plate is arranged on one side in the chimney, the other turning-back plate is arranged on the opposite side in the chimney, and the turning-back plates are arranged at intervals along the smoke outlet direction of the chimney and are inclined towards the smoke outlet direction of the chimney;
the water washing device is arranged outside the chimney and comprises two water tanks filled with alkaline reaction agents; each water tank is provided with a smoke inlet channel and a smoke outlet channel, one end port of each smoke inlet channel extends into the position below the liquid level of the alkaline reaction agent in the water tank, and one end port of each smoke outlet channel is arranged above the liquid level of the alkaline reaction agent in the water tank; the smoke outlet channel of one water tank is communicated with the smoke inlet channel of the other water tank through a connecting flue; the smoke inlet channel and the smoke outlet channel which are not communicated with the connecting flue are respectively communicated with the dust falling device and the catalytic device;
the catalytic device is arranged in the chimney and comprises a heater and at least three flue gas catalytic reactors; the heater is arranged below the flue gas catalytic reactor and used for heating the flue gas entering the flue gas catalytic reactor; the inside of the flue gas catalytic reactor is of a porous honeycomb structure and is attached with a catalyst.
2. The apparatus for the mineralization of waste according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a sensing system and a controller;
the sensing system comprises one or more of a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, an open fire detector or a smoke detector, is arranged on the furnace body or the chimney, and is used for monitoring the information of the garbage mineralization treatment in real time on line and feeding back the information to the controller;
the controller is electrically connected with the sensing system, the first motors and the second motors, and is used for generating corresponding ventilation control instructions according to external input instructions and/or information fed back by the sensing system and sending the corresponding ventilation control instructions to the first motors and the second motors.
3. The apparatus for the mineralization of waste according to claim 2, wherein: the operation system or the operation platform is electrically connected with the sensing system and the controller and is used for receiving an external input instruction, sending the external input instruction to the controller and receiving and displaying information fed back by the sensing system and/or a control instruction generated by the controller in real time.
4. The apparatus for the mineralization of waste according to claim 2, wherein: the pressure sensor, the temperature sensor and the open fire detector are arranged at the lower part in the furnace body, the humidity sensor is arranged at the upper middle part in the furnace body, and the smoke detector is arranged at the outlet at the top end of the chimney.
5. The apparatus for the mineralization of waste according to claim 2, wherein: the dust falling device is communicated with the water washing device through at least one fan, and the water washing device is communicated with the catalytic device through at least one fan;
the controller is electrically connected with each fan and used for generating a corresponding fan control instruction according to the information fed back by the sensing system and sending the corresponding fan control instruction to the corresponding fan.
6. The apparatus for the mineralization of waste according to claim 5, wherein: the fan is communicated with the dust falling device, the water washing device and the catalyzing device through an auxiliary smoke tube.
7. The apparatus for the mineralization of waste according to claim 2, wherein: the water tank washing device is characterized by also comprising a water mist spreader, wherein the water mist spreader is arranged in the furnace body and is communicated with the bottoms of the water tanks of the water washing device through a water pump;
and the controller is electrically connected with the water pump and used for generating a corresponding water pumping control instruction according to the information fed back by the sensing system and sending the corresponding water pumping control instruction to the corresponding water pump.
8. The apparatus for the mineralization of waste according to claim 7, wherein: the water mist sprayer comprises a plurality of nozzles, and each nozzle is arranged above the interior of the furnace body through a rotating device; the controller is electrically connected with each rotating device and used for generating a corresponding rotation control instruction according to the information fed back by the sensing system and sending the rotation control instruction to the corresponding rotating device.
9. The apparatus for the mineralization of waste according to claim 1, wherein: the upper side edge of a port of the pipe body, extending into the inner layer of the furnace body, of each transverse ventilation pipe exceeds the lower side edge, and the port is inclined; the plugging part of the end part of the pipe body, extending into the inner layer of the furnace body, of each longitudinal ventilation pipe is upwards protruded and is in a hemispherical shape or a polygonal pyramid shape.
10. The apparatus for the mineralization of waste according to claim 1, wherein: the screen unit of the dust falling device further comprises a screen bracket, each single screen is arranged on the screen bracket, and an opening for dismounting the screen bracket is formed in the side wall of the chimney; the single screen mesh is a trapezoidal plate made of metal materials, a plurality of sieve pores for smoke to pass through are arranged at the top and the bottom of the trapezoidal plate, and the sieve pores are uniformly arranged in an array manner; the screen unit comprises a plurality of single-sheet screens, the single-sheet screens are arranged on the screen bracket in a staggered and superposed mode, and the bottom of the single-sheet screen on the upper layer corresponds to the top of the single-sheet screen on the lower layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920453519.3U CN210021691U (en) | 2019-04-04 | 2019-04-04 | Garbage mineralization treatment equipment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920453519.3U CN210021691U (en) | 2019-04-04 | 2019-04-04 | Garbage mineralization treatment equipment |
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| CN210021691U true CN210021691U (en) | 2020-02-07 |
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| CN201920453519.3U Active CN210021691U (en) | 2019-04-04 | 2019-04-04 | Garbage mineralization treatment equipment |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109847556A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-06-07 | 哈尔滨工大环能科技有限公司 | A kind of rubbish mineralising processing equipment |
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2019
- 2019-04-04 CN CN201920453519.3U patent/CN210021691U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109847556A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-06-07 | 哈尔滨工大环能科技有限公司 | A kind of rubbish mineralising processing equipment |
| CN109847556B (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2024-05-21 | 哈尔滨工大环能科技有限公司 | Garbage mineralization treatment equipment |
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