CN210001654U - Low-temperature region constructed wetland system - Google Patents
Low-temperature region constructed wetland system Download PDFInfo
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- CN210001654U CN210001654U CN201920231778.1U CN201920231778U CN210001654U CN 210001654 U CN210001654 U CN 210001654U CN 201920231778 U CN201920231778 U CN 201920231778U CN 210001654 U CN210001654 U CN 210001654U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an kinds of low temperature region constructed wetland system, including constructed wetland filter bed, its characterized in that still sets up the wetland heat preservation in filter bed upper portion, the heat preservation is including planting soil and the geotechnological cloth that covers on the constructed wetland filter bed that is in the bottom, the constructed wetland filter bed is buried secretly under the wetland heat preservation, the bottom of filter bed sets up the sand protective layer, lays the barrier layer of filter bed on the sand protective layer, and barrier layer directly extends to the height that the planting soil of heat preservation was located, the system still is provided with ventilation system, ventilation system's breather pipe leads to the atmosphere above the heat preservation from the biological filter bed of constructed wetland filter bed, the utility model provides an artificial wetland in the difficult technical problem of winter low temperature region operation, provides the advantage for the push of constructed wetland in low temperature region, has stronger market application and pushes away prospect in the water environmental improvement project of china low temperature region.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an artificial wetland sewage treatment technology, in particular to an low-temperature region artificial wetland system, wherein the low-temperature region comprises a cold region and a severe cold region, the cold region is mainly characterized in that the average temperature of the coldest month is between 0 and-10 ℃, and the severe cold region is mainly characterized in that the average temperature of the coldest month is less than or equal to-10 ℃.
Background
The artificial wetland is technologies which are constructed artificially and operated under control and are similar to a marshland and used for controlling and dosing the polluted water body to the constructed wetland, and mainly utilize the physical, chemical and biological triple synergistic effects of soil, artificial media, plants and microorganisms to treat the polluted water body in the process that the polluted water body flows in directions.
The constructed wetland has strong water quality purification effect by simulating a natural wetland structure and through scientific design, operation management and maintenance, the sewage treatment effect of the constructed wetland is influenced by factors such as the types of wetlands, pollution loads, temperature changes, operation modes and the like, because microorganisms can enter a slow metabolism or dormant state under a low temperature condition to influence the normal operation of the constructed wetland, the removal rate of pollutants is reduced, the temperature change is important for the influence related to the sewage treatment of a wetland system, compared with other seasons in , the relatively poor effect of the constructed wetland in a low temperature area in winter is a common phenomenon, the traditional constructed wetland has the problems of poor operation effect in winter and difficulty in overwintering in the low temperature area, and the application of the traditional constructed wetland is difficult to push.
In order to strengthen the treatment effect of the artificial wetland at low temperature in winter, the heat of the wetland is mainly preserved by measures such as plant heat preservation and isolation, ice and snow covering combined heat preservation and isolation, mulching film heat preservation and isolation and the like. However, the reliability and the heat preservation effect of the modes are poor, and the normal operation of the low-temperature region winter wetland is difficult to guarantee.
Therefore, at present, the artificial wetland is more applied to southern areas, universal pushers and use are not obtained in northern areas of China, winter cold in northern areas is the main reason that the artificial wetland technology is not commonly used in in northern areas of China, in recent years, water environment treatment projects are increased explosively, and opportunities and challenges are brought to improvement of the traditional artificial wetland technology.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the not enough of above-mentioned prior art existence, the utility model aims to solve the technical problem that provide kinds be used for sewage treatment suitable low temperature region, winter keep warm effectual, through atmosphere potential energy reoxygenation, the regional constructed wetland system of low temperature of running cost for this reason, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme:
the artificial wetland system in the low temperature area is characterized by comprising an artificial wetland filter bed and is characterized in that a wetland heat-insulating layer is also arranged at the upper part of the filter bed, the heat-insulating layer comprises planting soil and geotextile which is positioned at the bottom and covers the artificial wetland filter bed, and the artificial wetland filter bed is buried under the wetland heat-insulating layer;
a sand protection layer is arranged at the bottom of the filter bed, an impermeable layer of the filter bed is laid on the sand protection layer, and the impermeable layer extends to the height of the planting soil of the heat insulation layer;
the system is also provided with a ventilation system, and a ventilation pipe of the ventilation system is communicated to the atmosphere above the heat-insulating layer from a biological filter material layer of the artificial wetland filter bed.
On the basis of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the utility model discloses still can adopt following technical scheme that advances steps, or to these technical scheme combination use that advance steps:
the thickness of the planting soil is adjusted according to the depth of the frozen soil.
And laying a heat insulation support plate on the geotextile.
The artificial wetland system in the low-temperature area is provided with a sewage distribution system, water distribution pipes of the sewage distribution system are arranged at the top of an artificial wetland filter bed, an uniform water distribution layer consisting of filter materials is arranged at the height of a water distribution pipeline, a biological filter material layer is arranged below the uniform water distribution layer, and water distribution pipes are controlled by a PLC-controlled water distribution control valve , so that water inlet time and flow are controlled by the PLC, and water is intermittently fed into main pipes of the water distribution pipes.
The water collecting layer is arranged below the biological filter material layer, the particle size of the filter material in the water collecting layer is gradually increased from top to bottom, and the water collecting pipe is arranged at the lower part of the water collecting layer.
The sand protection layer is composed of fine sand, and the particle size of the sand protection layer is 1 mm-0.5 mm.
The permeability coefficient of the impermeable layer is less than 10-8m/s barrier material.
Wetland plants are planted in the planting soil.
The ventilating pipe is a PVC-U pipe with holes at intervals on the pipe wall, the ventilating pipe extends into the bottom of the biological filter material layer, the ventilating hole extends out of the wetland heat-insulating layer by 50-100 mm, and an antifouling cap with small ventilating holes is arranged on the ventilating pipe.
The water collecting pipe is horizontally laid on the sand protection layer through the impermeable layer.
The utility model discloses the advantage as follows:
1. the utility model discloses can effectively improve the temperature of wetland filter bed in winter, provide suitable environment for the microorganism to improve the regional constructed wetland operation effect in winter of low temperature, solved constructed wetland in the regional difficult technical problem of operation of winter low temperature, provide the advantage for constructed wetland in pushing away in low temperature area.
2. The water inlet time and frequency of the wetland can be controlled by adjusting the water distribution control valve , so that the constructed wetland can realize the conversion between aerobic and anoxic and can realize the synchronous nitrification and denitrification of microorganisms;
3. the heat-insulating layer covered on the upper part can effectively avoid the problems of mosquito and fly breeding and sewage odor overflow of the traditional wetland;
4. the utility model discloses the wetland operation is all by PLC automatic control, and the management is easy and simple to handle.
5. According to the water inlet characteristics, the biological filter material layer can select different ore species (such as iron, aluminum and the like) to realize the dephosphorization effect of the wetland.
The utility model discloses an improve traditional constructed wetland technology, promote constructed wetland technical progress and development, the utility model discloses water environmental management project in china's low temperature region has stronger market application and pushes away prospect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which do not limit the present invention:
referring to fig. 1, the low-temperature region artificial wetland system of the embodiment comprises an artificial wetland filter bed, wherein a wetland heat-insulating layer is further arranged on the upper part of the filter bed, and the artificial wetland filter bed is buried under the wetland heat-insulating layer.
The heat preservation layer comprises planting soil 16-1 and geotextile 16-3 which is positioned at the bottom and covers the constructed wetland filter bed, the thickness of the planting soil can be adjusted according to the depth of frozen soil, the utility model discloses take 1m planting soil thickness as an example to explain, can plant emergent aquatic plants, plants 8 of little trees and shrubs of water-fast life on it, preferably, constructed wetland heat preservation layer is padded with thermal-insulated backup pad 16-2 above geotextile 16-3, thermal-insulated backup pad 16-2 can adopt polyphenyl board and other boards with definite strength and thermal-insulated and moisture-insulated, thus, can be combined with planting soil 16-1, make the heat preservation layer have better heat preservation effect, have better heat preservation effect under the condition of the same thickness, simultaneously, the pressure of the constructed wetland filter bed below is exerted more evenly by the heat preservation layer, effectively protects the constructed wetland filter bed.
The constructed wetland filter bed comprises a uniform water distribution layer 15, a biological filter material layer 14 and a water collecting and draining layer 13 from top to bottom in sequence.
The uniform water distribution layer 15 is composed of gravel and/or gravel filter materials with the particle size of 15-25 mm, the thickness of the uniform water distribution layer meets the requirement that the water distribution pipes can be buried and water flowing out of the water distribution pipes can be uniformly distributed and flows into the biological filter material layer 14 below, and the thickness of the uniform water distribution layer is 200mm in the embodiment.
The water distribution pipes are arranged into water distribution devices with sewage in a laminar flow state, the opening and closing of the water distribution control valves 2 are controlled by a PLC to realize that the sewage intermittently enters a main pipe, the sewage flows at a low speed in the main pipe 3 and branch pipes, the main pipe of the water distribution device is arranged in a ring shape or a 'rich' shape, the branch pipes are in a perforated pipe form and are communicated with the main pipe, and the branch pipes are horizontally laid in a uniform water distribution layer 15, and the reference numeral 1 of the attached drawing is a water inlet control well.
The biofiltrate layer 14 is a well-known technique such as: zeolites, gravel, crushed stone, iron ore, activated carbon, and the like, as well as combinations of various fillers. The utility model discloses a volcanic rock filter material explains for the example, and volcanic rock filter material 8~12mm of particle diameter is selected for use to main filtering layer, and thickness 500 mm.
The water collecting and draining layer 13 is composed of gravels with the grain diameter of 8-16mm and/or gravel filter materials with the thickness of 100mm and gravels with the grain diameter of 16-32m and/or gravel filter materials from top to bottom, the thickness of the water collecting layer can be 200mm, and the water collecting pipe 10 can be embedded.
The water collecting pipes 10 are distributed in a net shape, the water collecting pipes are laterally slotted, the slot width is 2mm, the slot length is 200mm, the interval is 100mm, the water collecting pipes 10 are communicated with the cleaning vertical pipe 7, and the upper end of the cleaning vertical pipe 7 extends out of the wetland heat insulation layer and is additionally provided with an openable cleaning opening 6. Meanwhile, the water collecting device is connected with a water level adjusting well 9, and the operation water level of the wetland can be adjusted according to the actual operation condition.
The bottom of the artificial wetland filter bed is provided with a sand protection layer 12, an impermeable layer 11 of the filter bed is laid on the sand protection layer 12, and the impermeable layer 11 extends to the height of the planting soil 16-1 of the heat insulation layer.
The constructed wetland barrier layer 11 can adopt two cloth membranes, GCL swell waterproof blanket or adopt structures such as reinforced concrete, the utility model discloses use two cloth membranes as the example, two cloth membranes are for using plastic film as the prevention of seepage substrate, the geotechnological barrier material that forms with the non-woven fabrics complex sand protective layer 12 is located the below of drainage layer 13 that catchments for the water collecting pipe of protection drainage layer 13, and collector pipe 10 lays on the sand protective layer separating barrier layer level, the sand protective layer constitute by fine sand, its particle diameter is 1mm ~0.5mm the thickness adopts 100mm in this embodiment.
The artificial wetland system in the low-temperature area is provided with a ventilation device, the ventilation device is composed of a plurality of ventilation pipes 5, the ventilation pipes 5 are PVC-U pipes with holes at intervals on pipe walls, the upper ends of the ventilation pipes 5 penetrate through a heat insulation layer to be connected with the atmosphere, the ventilation holes extend out of the heat insulation layer of the wetland by 50-100 mm, antifouling caps 4 with small ventilation holes are arranged on the ventilation pipes, the lower ends of the ventilation pipes 5 extend into the bottom of a biological filter material layer, and a water distribution device is controlled by a PLC to distribute water control valves , so that sewage intermittently passes through the biological filter material layer, and reoxygenati.
The utility model discloses a cover layer above even water distribution layer and connect planting soil near frozen soil depth as wetland heat preservation layer, use polyphenyl board + geotechnological cloth to keep apart between heat preservation lower part and the even water distribution layer, the constructed wetland sets up the breather, the breather passes through the heat preservation and communicates with the atmosphere, through cloth control valve , make the biological filter layer of wetland form the liquid level difference in different periods of time, because the sewage liquid level in the biological filter layer takes place the negative pressure that the fluctuation formed, the air can spread inside the constructed wetland through the breather and reoxygenate.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, i.e. all equivalent variations and modifications made according to the present invention are covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention, which is not exemplified by herein.
Claims (10)
1. The artificial wetland system in the low temperature area is characterized by comprising an artificial wetland filter bed and is characterized in that a wetland heat-insulating layer is also arranged at the upper part of the filter bed, the heat-insulating layer comprises planting soil and geotextile which is positioned at the bottom and covers the artificial wetland filter bed, and the artificial wetland filter bed is buried under the wetland heat-insulating layer;
a sand protection layer is arranged at the bottom of the filter bed, an impermeable layer of the filter bed is laid on the sand protection layer, and the impermeable layer extends to the height of the planting soil of the heat insulation layer;
the system is also provided with a ventilation system, and a ventilation pipe of the ventilation system is communicated to the atmosphere above the heat-insulating layer from a biological filter material layer of the artificial wetland filter bed.
2. The low-temperature region constructed wetland system of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the planting soil is adjusted according to the depth of the frozen soil.
3. The low-temperature-region constructed wetland system of claim 1, wherein an insulating support plate is further laid on the geotextile.
4. The artificial wetland system in the low temperature area according to claim 1 is provided with a sewage distribution system, wherein water distribution pipes of the sewage distribution system are arranged at the top of the artificial wetland filter bed, an uniform water distribution layer composed of filter materials is arranged at the height of the water distribution pipeline, a biological filter material layer is arranged below the uniform water distribution layer, and the water distribution pipes are controlled by a PLC-controlled water distribution control valve , so that the water inlet time and flow are controlled by the PLC, and the water is intermittently fed into main pipes of the water distribution pipes.
5. The low-temperature region constructed wetland system of claim 1, wherein a water collection layer is arranged below the biological filter material layer, the filter material in the water collection layer gradually increases in particle size from top to bottom, and a water collection pipe is arranged at the lower part of the water collection layer.
6. The artificial wetland system of claim 1, wherein the sand protection layer is composed of fine sand with a particle size of 1mm to 0.5 mm.
7. The low-temperature region constructed wetland system of claim 1, which comprisesCharacterized in that the permeability coefficient of the impermeable layer is less than 10-8m/s barrier material.
8. The low-temperature-region constructed wetland system of claim 1, wherein plants are planted in the planting soil.
9. The artificial wetland system in the low-temperature area of claim 1, wherein the ventilation pipes are PVC-U pipes with holes at intervals on the pipe wall, the ventilation pipes extend into the bottom of the biological filter material layer, the ventilation holes extend 50-100 mm out of the wetland heat-insulating layer, and antifouling caps with small ventilation holes are arranged on the ventilation pipes.
10. The artificial wetland system of claim 5, wherein the water collecting pipe is horizontally laid on the sand protecting layer through an impermeable layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920231778.1U CN210001654U (en) | 2019-02-21 | 2019-02-21 | Low-temperature region constructed wetland system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920231778.1U CN210001654U (en) | 2019-02-21 | 2019-02-21 | Low-temperature region constructed wetland system |
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| CN210001654U true CN210001654U (en) | 2020-01-31 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109748397A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-05-14 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Low-temperature region artificial wet land system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109748397A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-05-14 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Low-temperature region artificial wet land system |
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