Rotary three-way valve structure
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the three-way valve structural design and specifically relates to a rotation type three-way valve structure who is applied to new forms of energy car thermal management system is related to.
Background
For new energy vehicles such as electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles, functional areas such as batteries, motor electric control and passenger cabins have clear requirements on the environment temperature, heat exchange media in a heat management system of the new energy vehicle can circulate among different loops in real time according to the requirements, and all the functional areas are in a target temperature range through heat exchange. The three-way valve is used as a device for controlling the flow direction and the flow rate of the heat exchange medium and is applied among all module loops.
The existing three-way valve has the following defects in the application process:
(1) in order to achieve the purpose of closing the liquid outlet, an auxiliary sealing element needs to be added between the valve body and the valve core, so that the number of parts is increased, the structure is more complex, and the auxiliary sealing element is easy to fatigue or wear to cause failure.
(2) The auxiliary sealing element is usually pressed on the surface of the valve core or the valve body, so that the friction resistance of the valve core during rotation is increased, a driving force mechanism with higher output torque is required, and energy conservation and consumption reduction are not facilitated.
(3) The flow channel structure in the valve body is complex, and factors such as small flow cross section area, special-shaped flow channel, throttle point and the like are added, so that the flow resistance of the fluid medium is larger, the pressure of the fluid medium after flowing through the three-way valve is reduced too much, energy loss is caused, and the load of the heat management system is increased.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is: aiming at the problems in the prior art, a rotary three-way valve structure is provided to reduce the energy loss after a fluid medium flows through the three-way valve.
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model adopts following technical scheme to realize: a rotary three-way valve structure comprises a valve core and a valve shell, wherein the valve shell is of a hollow cavity structure, a liquid inlet, an upper liquid outlet and a lower liquid outlet are respectively formed in the valve shell, a flow passing cavity is formed in the valve core, the valve core is installed in the hollow inner cavity of the valve shell, and a relative rotation structure is formed between the valve core and the valve shell; and in the process that the valve core rotates relative to the valve shell, the liquid inlet is communicated with the upper liquid outlet and/or the lower liquid outlet through the overflowing cavity.
Preferably, the valve further comprises a driving connecting rod, one end of the driving connecting rod forms a power input connecting part, the other end of the driving connecting rod forms a power output connecting part, and a fixed connecting structure is formed between the power output connecting part and the valve core.
Preferably, the oil seal further comprises an oil seal, a rotary dynamic sealing structure is formed between a sealing lip on the oil seal and a dynamic sealing part on the driving connecting rod, and a static sealing structure is formed between a static sealing part on the oil seal and an inner cavity hole of the valve shell.
Preferably, a stepped hole is formed at the inlet end of the inner cavity hole of the valve housing, and a static sealing part on the oil seal and the stepped hole on the valve housing form a static sealing structure through interference fit.
Preferably, the static sealing part on the oil seal is in an annular corrugated structure.
Preferably, the valve further comprises a centering shaft, the valve core is provided with a centering hole, two opposite ends of the centering shaft are respectively connected with the valve core and the valve shell, and a clearance fit structure is formed between the centering shaft and the centering hole.
Preferably, a clearance fit structure is formed between the valve core and the valve shell, and a fit clearance between the outer wall of the valve core and the inner cavity hole of the valve shell is less than or equal to 0.08 mm.
Preferably, the flow through cavity on the valve core is of a hollow T-shaped cavity structure, or of a semi-closed open cavity structure, or of an L-shaped cavity structure.
Preferably, the valve core is of a cylindrical structure, or a sheet structure, or a butterfly structure.
Preferably, the valve core is provided with a pressure relief hole.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that: the valve core is provided with the overflowing cavity, and the valve core and the valve shell form a relative rotation structure, so that the liquid inlet on the valve shell is communicated with the upper liquid outlet and/or the lower liquid outlet through the overflowing cavity on the valve core in the rotation process of the valve core relative to the valve shell, and a flow channel formed by matching the valve shell and the valve core has the advantages of large flow cross section area, short flow stroke, smooth and ordered section change, no obvious throttling position and the like, thereby effectively reducing the flow resistance of a fluid medium when the fluid medium passes through the three-way valve, reducing the pressure loss of the fluid medium after the fluid medium passes through the three-way valve, and effectively reducing the energy loss of the fluid medium after the fluid medium passes through the three-; meanwhile, the overall structure of the three-way valve is simpler, the volume is smaller, and the total number of parts is reduced, so that the assembly difficulty of the three-way valve is greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an explosion diagram of the rotary three-way valve structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the rotary three-way valve structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the upper cover in fig. 1 or fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the driving link in fig. 1 or 2.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the oil seal in fig. 1 or 2.
Fig. 6 is a schematic three-dimensional structure (front view) of the valve cartridge of fig. 1 or 2.
Fig. 7 is a schematic three-dimensional structure (bottom view) of the valve cartridge of fig. 1 or 2.
Fig. 8 is a schematic three-dimensional structure (plan view) of the valve cartridge of fig. 1 or 2.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of the valve housing of fig. 1 or 2.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the fluid flow direction control of a rotary three-way valve structure according to the present invention (the upper liquid outlet is opened).
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the fluid flow direction control of a rotary three-way valve structure of the present invention (lower outlet is opened).
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the fluid flow regulation of the rotary three-way valve structure of the present invention (the upper and lower fluid outlets are opened simultaneously).
Part label name in the figure: 1-connecting screw, 2-upper cover, 3-driving connecting rod, 4-oil seal, 5-valve core, 6-valve shell, 7-centering shaft, 21-bearing hole, 31-power input connecting part, 32-raceway part, 33-dynamic sealing part, 34-power output connecting part, 41-sealing lip, 42-static sealing part, 51-overflowing cavity, 52-connecting hole, 53-centering hole, 54-upright post, 55-pressure relief hole, 61-liquid inlet, 62-upper liquid outlet, 63-lower liquid outlet and 64-stepped hole.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The rotary three-way valve structure shown in fig. 1, 2, 10, 11, and 12 mainly includes a connection screw 1, an upper cover 2, a driving link 3, a valve core 5, and a valve housing 6, wherein the upper cover 2 is structured as shown in fig. 3, a bearing hole 21 is formed on the upper cover 2, and the upper cover 2 and the valve housing 6 form a fixed connection structure through a plurality of connection screws 1. As shown in fig. 4, the drive link 3 has a structure in which one end thereof is formed with a power input connection portion 31, the other end thereof is formed with a power output connection portion 34, and a raceway portion 32 and a dynamic seal portion 33 are formed between the power input connection portion 31 and the power output connection portion 34, respectively. The input connection portion 31 preferably has a flower-shaped structure formed by a plurality of raised circular cylinders, and is used for receiving the rotational driving torque input by the power mechanism. The structure of the valve core 5 is as shown in fig. 6 and 7, a flow passing cavity 51 and a connecting hole 52 are respectively formed in the valve core 5, the valve core 5 can be of a cylindrical structure, a sheet structure or a butterfly structure, and the flow passing cavity 51 preferably adopts a hollow T-shaped cavity structure, a semi-closed opening cavity structure or an L-shaped cavity structure. The structure of the valve housing 6 is as shown in fig. 9, the valve housing 6 is a hollow cavity structure, and a liquid inlet 61, an upper liquid outlet 62 and a lower liquid outlet 63 are respectively formed on the valve housing 6. It should be noted that: the terms "upper" and "lower" are used herein only in a distinguishing sense and are not meant to have an absolute positional relationship-one-to-one correspondence. That is, the relative positions of the liquid inlet 61, the upper liquid outlet 62 and the lower liquid outlet 63 are not fixed, for example, they may be arranged uniformly according to the circumference, or the liquid inlet 61 may be moved to the bottom of the valve housing 6; in addition, the usage methods of the liquid inlet 61, the upper liquid outlet 62 and the lower liquid outlet 63 are also non-fixed, for example, the upper liquid outlet 62 can be changed into the liquid inlet 61, and the like.
The valve core 5 is arranged in the hollow inner cavity of the valve shell 6, and a relative rotation structure is formed between the valve core 5 and the valve shell 6. And a fixed connection structure is formed between the power output connection part 34 on the driving connecting rod 3 and the connection hole 52 on the valve core 5. Generally, as shown in fig. 1, 4 and 6, the connection hole 52 is a flat square hole, the power output connection part 34 is a profiling flat square head, and the power output connection part 34 is inserted into the connection hole 52, so that the rotary driving torque received by the power output connection part can be transmitted to the valve core 5 through the driving connecting rod 3, and the valve core 5 rotates relative to the valve shell 6. When the driving link 3 rotates, the raceway portion 32 on the driving link 3 and the bearing hole 21 on the upper cover 2 form a sliding bearing-like fit, so that support and positioning can be provided for the rotation of the driving link 3. It should be noted that: the driving link 3 may be integrated with the valve element 5 to form an integrated structure, that is, the dynamic seal portion 33, the raceway portion 32, the power input connection portion 31, and other structural features are directly formed at the upper end of the valve element 5. Further, the drive link 3 may be integrated with the power mechanism to achieve the same torque transmission effect.
When the three-way valve works, the valve core 5 rotates or stops relative to the valve shell 6 by acting on the driving connecting rod 3 through the power mechanism, and the liquid inlet 61 is communicated with the upper liquid outlet 62 and/or the lower liquid outlet 63 through the flow-through cavity 51 during the rotation of the valve core 5 relative to the valve shell 6, so that a flow channel of a fluid medium is formed.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
when the valve core 5 stops at the position shown in fig. 10 relative to the valve housing 6, the lower liquid outlet 63 is closed by the valve core 5, and the liquid inlet 61 is communicated with the upper liquid outlet 62 through the flow-through cavity 51 on the valve core 5 to form a flow passage of the fluid medium. When the valve core 5 stops at the position shown in fig. 11 relative to the valve housing 6, the upper liquid outlet 62 is closed by the valve core 5, and the liquid inlet 61 is communicated with the lower liquid outlet 63 through the flow-through cavity 51 on the valve core 5 to form a flow passage of the fluid medium. This is the flow direction control function of the three-way valve for the fluid medium.
When the valve core 5 is stopped at the position shown in fig. 12 relative to the valve housing 6 by the power mechanism, the liquid inlet 61 is communicated with the upper liquid outlet 62 and the lower liquid outlet 63 through the flow-through cavity 51 on the valve core 5, so as to form a flow passage of the fluid medium. At this time, the opening areas of the upper liquid outlet 62 and the lower liquid outlet 63 are changed accordingly (the opening areas of the two are inversely related) according to the stop angle of the valve element 5 with respect to the valve housing 6, so that the fluid medium in the three-way valve can flow out from the upper liquid outlet 62 and the lower liquid outlet 63 at the same time according to the corresponding opening area ratio. This is the flow distribution function of the three-way valve for the fluid medium. In order to further improve the flow distribution control effect of the three-way valve and improve the flow distribution precision and linearity, the upright column 54 blocking the liquid inlet 61 when the valve core 5 stays in the middle state can be reduced or even removed. When the upright column 54 is removed, the flow passing cavity 51 on the valve core 5 is changed from a hollow T-shaped cavity structure into a semi-closed open cavity structure, which is not only beneficial to increasing the flow area of the three-way valve, but also can improve the flow distribution precision to a certain extent, thereby being beneficial to reducing the pressure loss of fluid media after flowing through the three-way valve and avoiding the throttling phenomenon when the flow distribution proportion is adjusted. In addition, a relief hole 55 may be formed in the valve core 5, as shown in fig. 8, so that hydraulic forces applied to both sides of the valve core 5 may be balanced, and the valve core 5 is prevented from being pushed aside by a fluid medium to generate an excessive friction force and an excessive wear.
The utility model discloses can be applied to new forms of energy car thermal management system, relative rotation and formation fluid flow channel between through case 5 and valve housing 6, this fluid flow channel has that flow cross sectional area is big, the flow stroke is short, the cross-sectional change is mild orderly, no advantages such as obvious throttle position, therefore, can reduce the flow resistance when fluid medium passes through the three-way valve effectively, make the loss of pressure after the fluid medium flows through the three-way valve can reduce, and then alleviateed the loss of energy after the fluid medium flows through the three-way valve effectively, be favorable to reducing thermal management system's consumption. In addition, compared with the traditional three-way valve structure, because various sealing structures or auxiliary sealing elements do not exist between the valve shell 6 and the valve core 5, the valve core 5 does not need to overcome the extra friction resistance generated by various sealing structures or auxiliary sealing elements when rotating, and the driving torque requirement of the valve core 5 is reduced. Usually, a clearance fit structure is formed between the valve core 5 and the valve housing 6, and a fit clearance between the outer wall of the valve core 5 and the inner cavity hole of the valve housing 6 is less than or equal to 0.08 mm. By adopting the structure design, the matching clearance between the outer wall of the valve core 5 and the inner cavity hole of the valve shell 6 is small, and the valve core 5 can be pushed to the closed liquid outlet direction by hydraulic pressure, so that the medium is more difficult to flow out from the closed liquid outlet along the matching clearance to form internal leakage, therefore, on the premise of meeting the requirement of the internal leakage amount of the heat management system, the micro medium in an acceptable range can be still prevented or only allowed to flow between the matching clearance, so as to achieve the purpose of closing the upper liquid outlet 62 and the lower liquid outlet 63, and various sealing structures or auxiliary sealing parts between the valve shell 6 and the valve core 5 can be rejected, so that the whole structure of the three-way valve is simpler, the volume is smaller, the total number of parts is also reduced, and the assembly difficulty is greatly reduced.
In order to effectively prevent the fluid medium inside the three-way valve from leaking during the operation process, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, an oil seal 4 may be additionally arranged between the upper cover 2 and the valve housing 6, the oil seal 4 has a structure as shown in fig. 5, a seal lip 41 and a static seal portion 42 are respectively formed on the oil seal 4, a rotary dynamic seal structure is formed between the seal lip 41 and the dynamic seal portion 33 on the driving connecting rod 3, and a static seal structure is formed between the static seal portion 42 and the cavity hole of the valve housing 6. Usually, a stepped hole 64 is formed at the inlet end of the bore of the valve housing 6, as shown in fig. 9, to facilitate the assembly positioning of the upper cover 2 and the oil seal 4, and the static sealing part 42 on the oil seal 4 and the stepped hole 64 on the valve housing 6 form a static sealing structure through interference fit. Of course, the oil seal 4 can also be fixedly arranged in the upper cover 2 in an interference fit manner, and a sealing element is added between the upper cover 2 and the valve housing 6 to achieve the same sealing effect. Further, the static sealing portion 42 on the oil seal 4 is designed to be in an annular corrugated structure, as shown in fig. 5, on one hand, the oil seal 4 can better adapt to practical application situations such as large dimensional tolerance of the stepped hole 64 on the valve housing 6 or large dimensional change after high temperature, and the like, so that the sealing reliability of the oil seal 4 is improved, and on the other hand, the stress concentration of the framework of the oil seal 4 can be reduced, so that the use reliability of the oil seal 4 is enhanced. The oil seal 4 can adopt O-shaped rings or sealing elements such as star-shaped rings.
In order to avoid friction loss during the rotation of the valve core 5 relative to the valve housing 6 and improve the flow direction control accuracy and flow distribution accuracy of the three-way valve for the fluid medium, a centering shaft 7 may be additionally arranged between the valve core 5 and the valve housing 6, as shown in fig. 2 and 9. Specifically, a centering hole 53 is formed in the bottom of the valve core 5, two opposite ends of the centering shaft 7 are respectively connected with the valve core 5 and the valve housing 6, and a clearance fit structure is formed between the centering shaft 7 and the centering hole 53. The centering shaft 7 may be embedded during injection molding of the valve housing 6, or may be assembled after the valve housing 6 is molded. By providing the centering shaft 7 for radial positioning of the valve element 5, it is possible to prevent the valve element 5 from being eccentric and thus from being worn away by friction with the bore of the valve housing 6.
After the structural design is adopted, in the rotation process of the valve core 5, besides the dynamic friction formed between the sealing lip 41 and the dynamic sealing part 33 on the driving connecting rod 3, only the friction between the centering shaft 7 and the centering hole 53 on the valve core 5 exists, and when a small amount of medium enters the gap between the centering shaft 7 and the centering hole 53, liquid friction or mixed friction can be formed between the centering shaft 7 and the centering hole 53, so that the friction resistance is further reduced, the abrasion consumption of the friction surface is reduced, and the service life of the three-way valve is prolonged. It should be noted that, when the centering shaft 7 is not used, the outer wall of the valve core 5 may generate friction loss with the inner cavity hole of the valve housing 6, but the friction characteristic still belongs to liquid friction or mixed friction, so that the advantages of low friction resistance, long service life and the like can still be maintained.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting, and all changes, equivalents, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be understood as being included in the scope of the present invention.