CN209968132U - Filter membrane structure for whole blood filtration - Google Patents
Filter membrane structure for whole blood filtration Download PDFInfo
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- CN209968132U CN209968132U CN201920589513.9U CN201920589513U CN209968132U CN 209968132 U CN209968132 U CN 209968132U CN 201920589513 U CN201920589513 U CN 201920589513U CN 209968132 U CN209968132 U CN 209968132U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a be used for filterable filter membrane structure of whole blood, filter membrane structure constitute for at least two-layer filtration membrane from last stack down, and superimposed filtration membrane diminishes from last aperture to down gradually, and the area grow gradually or equal. Through the filter membrane structure that constitutes by the stack of at least two-layer filtration membrane, and will the filter membrane structure carries out the hemagglutination and handles, makes the erythrocyte in the whole blood sample and filter membrane in the hemagglutination combine together, is held back in the filter membrane structure to in order to guarantee that the erythrocyte filters completely and adsorbs in the filter membrane structure, thereby realize effectively stably separating out plasma/serum from very little blood.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the medical treatment detects, especially, relate to a filter membrane structure for whole blood filters.
Background
The prior art typically utilizes plasma or serum samples obtained by centrifuging whole blood to determine the type and concentration of blood components such as metabolites, proteins, lipids, electrolytes, enzymes, antigens and antibodies. However, centrifugation is laborious and time consuming, and subsequent careful removal of the supernatant serum or plasma using a pipette is required, easily resulting in remixing and a small amount of extraction. In particular, since centrifugation requires a centrifuge and electric power, it is not suitable for emergency and field tests in which a small amount of sample is rapidly measured. Therefore, there is a need for a device and method for efficiently separating serum or plasma from whole blood.
Chinese patent document (application number: 201610200920.7) discloses a whole blood filtering and quantitative transfer microfluidic chip; comprises a chip main body, a whole blood separating mechanism, a backflow prevention micro valve, a liquid quantifying mechanism, a pushing liquid mechanism, a flow resisting micro valve and a liquid outlet mechanism, wherein the whole blood separating mechanism, the backflow prevention micro valve, the liquid quantifying mechanism, the pushing liquid mechanism, the flow resisting micro valve and the liquid outlet mechanism are arranged on the chip main body; wherein: the whole blood separation mechanism comprises a liquid inlet, a whole blood filter membrane and a collection unit which are arranged in sequence and is used for filtering and separating blood to obtain plasma and transmitting the plasma to the liquid quantitative mechanism through the backflow prevention micro valve under the capillary action; the backflow prevention micro valve is used for preventing the plasma in the liquid quantifying mechanism from flowing back to the whole blood separating mechanism; the flow-resisting micro valve is used for preventing the blood plasma from flowing out under the condition of no external pressure; the liquid pushing mechanism is used for pushing quantitative plasma to the liquid outlet mechanism through the flow resisting micro valve under the action of pressure; the utility model discloses a whole blood filters and ration moves gets micro-fluidic chip, effectively separates blood cell and plasma and ration move gets plasma, is fit for using with other types of chip combinations. The utility model discloses a shortcoming lies in that the blood filtration efficiency of whole blood filter membrane can not be guaranteed, takes place to block up easily, and plasma serum is strained the rate and is low, and the range of application is narrower moreover, can not guarantee the demand that a large amount of plasma serum outside the micro-fluidic chip used, and the manufacturing cost of micro-fluidic chip is high, and the technology is complicated.
Chinese patent document (application No. 201080026906.0) discloses a blood filter and a method of filtering blood, the method comprising the steps of: a. providing a hemofilter comprising a filter membrane having opposing first and second sides and a receiving chamber defining a hollow space; injecting a blood sample into the receiving chamber, wherein the volume of the hollow space is 3 to 20 times larger than the volume of the blood sample, thereby increasing the gas pressure within the receiving chamber such that the blood sample is filtered by the filter membrane and the plasma or serum contained in the blood sample is forced through the filter membrane. The present invention also relates to a method for filtering blood to produce plasma or serum, said method comprising the steps of: a. providing a blood filter comprising a filter membrane having opposing first and second sides and a receiving chamber having a first volume; b. injecting a blood sample and a gas into a syringe, the blood sample occupying a second volume of the syringe and the gas occupying a third volume in the syringe; c. connecting the syringe to the blood filter such that they are in fluid communication with each other; increasing the pressure within the syringe until the blood sample is received by the receiving chamber such that the blood sample is filtered by the filter membrane; wherein the plasma or serum contained in the blood sample is forced through the filter membrane; the sum of the first volume and the third volume is 3 to 20 times greater than the second volume. The utility model also relates to a filter membrane, which is provided with a first side and a second side which are opposite; the receiving chamber defining a hollow space for receiving a blood sample to be filtered, the receiving chamber having at least one opening covered by the filter membrane, wherein the first side faces the receiving chamber and the hollow space of the receiving chamber has a volume 3 to 20 times larger than the volume of the blood sample to be filtered; the sampling chamber is disposed on the second side of the filter membrane. The utility model discloses a shortcoming is that need balanced user's the pressure of exerting, reduces the emergence of erythrocyte hemolysis phenomenon, and if the user is misuse, the pressure of exerting is too big easily causes the hemolysis phenomenon, influences the plasma composition and then probably influences the result accuracy of testing item. And the syringe application of sample that utilizes to have the plunger easily causes the hematon to filter and distributes unevenly, and the syringe corresponds filter membrane part and easily takes place to block up, influences filtration efficiency.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a whole blood filtration method and a filter membrane structure for whole blood filtration, which has high whole blood filtration efficiency, convenient operation, reliable quality, low cost and wide application range.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide a whole blood filtration efficiency is high, convenient operation, and the quality is reliable, and is with low costs, and application scope is extensive, and can follow the filterable method of whole blood of effectively separating out plasma/serum in a very small amount of blood, realizes not having and spills and haemolysis.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that the whole blood filtering method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting at least two layers of filter membranes which are sequentially overlapped from top to bottom to form a filter membrane structure, and carrying out hemagglutinin treatment on the filter membrane structure for later use;
(2) adding a whole blood sample into the filter membrane structure for filtration;
(3) and a collecting device is arranged to collect the filtered serum or plasma.
By adopting the technical scheme, the filter membrane structure formed by superposing at least two layers of filter membranes is subjected to hemagglutinin treatment, namely, the hemagglutinin is added into the filter membrane structure, so that erythrocytes in a whole blood sample can be combined with the hemagglutinin in the filter membranes and are intercepted in the filter membrane structure, and meanwhile, leukocytes and other impurities can also be intercepted; thereby ensuring that the red blood cells are completely filtered and adsorbed in the filter membrane structure and ensuring that the red blood cells in the blood are not filtered, thereby realizing the effective and stable separation of the plasma/serum from a very small amount of blood and realizing the effects of no leakage and hemolysis; the hemagglutinin may be, for example, an antibody to red blood cells.
The utility model is further improved in that the filtering membrane is of a porous structure; superimposed filtration membrane diminishes from last aperture to bottom gradually in the filtration membrane structure, and the area grow gradually or equals. The structure of the filter membrane is not less than two layers of filter membranes, and more layers of filter membranes can be superposed; the filtering membranes are all porous structures, the uppermost layer is a loose porous structure, namely the pore diameter of the uppermost layer is the largest, and the pore diameters of the filtering membranes superposed in the filtering membrane structure are gradually reduced from top to bottom, so that the arrangement is convenient for filtering layer by layer, and the blood plasma or the blood serum can pass through the filtering membranes, so that the blood cells and other impurities are blocked; the area of superimposed filtration membrane from last to down can be equal in the filtration membrane structure, also can be from last grow gradually to down, and such setting is favorable to filtering layer upon layer, guarantees that the upper strata blood cell that leaks and other impurity can be filtered by the lower floor continuation.
The utility model is further improved in that the filter membrane structure comprises two layers of filter membranes, namely an upper layer filter membrane and a lower layer filter membrane, the upper layer filter membrane is a red cell agglutinin filter membrane, and the lower layer filter membrane is formed by superposing at least one hydrophilic microporous membrane; or the upper filtering membrane is a hydrophilic filtering membrane, and the lower filtering membrane is an erythrocyte agglutinin filtering membrane; and the hemagglutinin is uniformly distributed in the hemagglutinin filter membrane. The red blood cell agglutinin can be dispersed in the upper filtering membrane and also can be dispersed in the lower filtering membrane, and the red blood cell agglutinin is ensured to be completely filtered and adsorbed in the filtering membrane structure only by ensuring the red blood cell agglutinin in the filtering membrane structure, thereby ensuring that the red blood cells in the blood are not filtered.
As the preferable technical proposal of the utility model, the upper filtering membrane is a red blood cell agglutinin filtering membrane; the lower filtering membrane is a plurality of filtering membranes with uniformly distributed filtering holes and different pore sizes, or the lower filtering membrane is formed by sequentially overlapping a first lower membrane and a second lower membrane from top to bottom, and the pore size of the first lower membrane is larger than that of the second lower membrane. It is preferable that the hemagglutinin is added to the upper filtration membrane so that the erythrocytes aggregate in the upper filtration membrane and the serum or plasma enters the lower filtration membrane.
As the preferable technical proposal of the utility model, the upper filtering membrane is glass fiber filter paper or nitrocellulose membrane or polysulfone membrane; the lower filtering membrane is a hydrophilic microporous membrane and comprises glass fiber filter paper or a nitrocellulose membrane or a polysulfone membrane or a cellulose acetate membrane; and (3) during the filtration in the step (2), the upper part pressurization or the lower part suction is adopted to accelerate the filtration speed. The formed filter membrane structure can bear the pressure of 1-30 MPa, and the blood filtration is conveniently pushed by active air pressure.
The utility model discloses a further improvement lies in, the hemagglutinin filter membrane carries out the processing of hemagglutinin with filtration membrane and obtains, and its preparation process is:
1) placing the hemagglutinin into a hemagglutinin buffer solution for dilution;
2) putting the filter membrane into the hemagglutinin buffer solution containing the hemagglutinin in the step 1) for wetting, then airing at room temperature, and then putting the filter membrane into an oven for drying at the temperature of 37-55 ℃ for more than 2 h; or the filter membrane after being wetted in the hemagglutinin buffer solution is subjected to vacuum drying or freeze-drying treatment.
As the preferable technical proposal of the utility model, the buffer solution of the hemagglutinin is PB or Tris-HCl or CB; the concentration of the hemagglutinin buffer solution is 5 mM-1M; the weight of the hemagglutinin added in the hemagglutinin filter membrane is not less than 5 ng. Wherein PB is sodium phosphate buffer (NaH)2PO4&Na2HPO4) And potassium phosphate buffer (K)2HPO4&KH2PO4) (ii) a Tris-HCl is Tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane; the CB buffer is a carbonate buffer.
The utility model has the further improvement that the filtering membrane needs to be treated by adopting a buffer solution before use, wherein the buffer solution is any one of buffer solutions for dissolving BSA, amino acid and components containing surfactant; the processing method comprises the following steps: and wetting the filter membrane in a buffer solution, drying at room temperature, and drying for more than 2 hours for later use. The filtering membranes of all layers are treated by buffer solution, so that protein adsorption in serum or plasma can be avoided, and the filtered serum or plasma can be used for other purposes, such as detection of certain substances in the serum or plasma.
As the preferable technical proposal of the utility model, the aperture of the upper filtering membrane is not less than 0.45 μm, and the aperture of the lower filtering membrane is 0.2 μm-4 μm.
As the preferable technical proposal of the utility model, the aperture of the upper filtering membrane is 1-5 μm; the thickness of the upper filtering membrane is 0.5-20 mm, and the thickness of the lower filtering membrane is 0.05-2 mm; the weight of the hemagglutinin added into the hemagglutinin filtering membrane is 20 ng-100 ng. The upper filtering membrane and the lower filtering membrane can be single-layer or stacked in multiple layers to reach the required thickness.
The technical problem still to be solved by the utility model is to provide a whole blood filtering filter membrane structure which can effectively and stably separate blood plasma/serum from a very small amount of blood.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is that the filter membrane structure for filtering whole blood is formed by stacking at least two layers of filter membranes from top to bottom in sequence; the filtering membrane is of a porous structure; the aperture of the filtering membrane superposed in the filtering membrane structure is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the area is gradually increased or equal from top to bottom. The structure of the filter membrane is not less than two layers of filter membranes, and more layers of filter membranes can be superposed; the filtering membranes are all porous structures, the uppermost layer is a loose porous structure, namely the pore diameter of the uppermost layer is the largest, and the pore diameters of the filtering membranes superposed in the filtering membrane structure are gradually reduced from top to bottom, so that the arrangement is convenient for filtering layer by layer, and the blood plasma or the blood serum can pass through the filtering membranes, so that the blood cells and other impurities are blocked; the area of superimposed filtration membrane from last to down can be equal in the filtration membrane structure, also can be from last grow gradually to down, and such setting is favorable to filtering layer upon layer, guarantees that the upper strata blood cell that leaks and other impurity can be filtered by the lower floor continuation.
The utility model is further improved in that the filter membrane structure comprises two layers of filter membranes, namely an upper layer filter membrane and a lower layer filter membrane, wherein the upper layer filter membrane is a red cell agglutinin filter membrane, and the lower layer filter membrane is formed by superposing at least one hydrophilic microporous membrane; or the upper filtering membrane is a hydrophilic filtering membrane, and the lower filtering membrane is an erythrocyte agglutinin filtering membrane; and the hemagglutinin is uniformly distributed in the hemagglutinin filter membrane. The red blood cell agglutinin can be dispersed in the upper filtering membrane and also can be dispersed in the lower filtering membrane, and the red blood cell agglutinin is ensured to be completely filtered and adsorbed in the filtering membrane structure only by ensuring the red blood cell agglutinin in the filtering membrane structure, thereby ensuring that the red blood cells in the blood are not filtered.
The utility model is further improved in that the upper filtering membrane is an erythrocyte agglutinin filtering membrane; the lower filtering membrane is a plurality of filtering membranes with uniformly distributed filtering holes and different pore sizes, or the lower filtering membrane is formed by sequentially overlapping a first lower membrane and a second lower membrane from top to bottom, and the pore size of the first lower membrane is larger than that of the second lower membrane.
As the preferable technical proposal of the utility model, the aperture of the upper filtering membrane is not less than 0.45 μm, and the aperture of the lower filtering membrane is 0.2 μm-4 μm.
As the preferable technical proposal of the utility model, the aperture of the upper filtering membrane is 1-5 μm; the thickness of the upper filtering membrane is 0.5-20 mm, and the thickness of the lower filtering membrane is 0.05-2 mm; the weight of the hemagglutinin added into the hemagglutinin filtering membrane is 20 ng-100 ng.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses the beneficial effect who has does:
(1) through the filter membrane structure formed by superposing at least two layers of filter membranes, the serum or plasma in the whole blood is filtered out through a physical structure, and substances such as red blood cells and the like are adsorbed;
(2) the filter layer is added with a chemical substance for blood coagulation/anticoagulation or an antibody/antigen, so that blood cells can be coagulated and contained in the filter layer, and only serum or plasma passes through the filter layer; avoid the pressure control improper to take place hemolysis and influence the accuracy of the testing result;
(3) the method can ensure blood filtration no matter the content of blood cells in the whole blood sample is high or low; according to the size of the hematocrit and the volume of the whole blood, the filtration yield of the plasma/serum can be predicted, and conversely, the quantitative collection of the plasma/serum can be realized; collection of a large amount of plasma/serum can be achieved by continuously adding whole blood;
(4) the method can realize vertical or lateral filtration and has wide application range.
Drawings
The following is a more detailed description of embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a method of whole blood filtration according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the filter membrane structure for whole blood filtration according to example 31 and example 33 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a filter membrane structure for whole blood filtration according to example 32 of the present invention;
wherein 1-upper filtering membrane; 2-lower layer filtering membrane; 201-a first underlayer film; 202-second underlayer film.
Detailed Description
Example 1: the filter membrane structure comprises two layers of filter membranes, namely an upper filter membrane 1 and a lower filter membrane 2, wherein the thickness of the upper filter membrane 1 is 0.5mm of glass fiber paper, the aperture is 5 mu m, RBC antibody (erythrocyte antibody, one of erythrocyte agglutinin) is dissolved into PB buffer solution, and then the upper filter membrane 1 is treated to ensure that the content of the RBC antibody in the upper filter membrane 1 is 100 ng; then placing the mixture in an oven for drying for more than 2 hours at the temperature of between 37 and 55 ℃;
the lower filtering membrane 2 adopts glass fiber paper with the thickness of 1mm, and 1% BSA is dissolved by PB buffer solution for treatment; drying at room temperature for more than 2 h;
as shown in fig. 1, the method for filtering whole blood specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting the filter membrane structure;
(2) adding a whole blood sample into the filter membrane structure for filtration; the upper part pressure filtration speed is adopted during filtration;
(3) and a collecting device is arranged to collect the filtered serum or plasma.
In the case of active pressurized 20MPa filtration, the filtration effect can be completed within 30s for the filtration of serum in normal 200 μ L whole blood, and the filtered serum reaches more than 60 μ L.
The filter membrane structure of the embodiment 1 is adopted in the embodiments 2 to 4, and the whole blood filtering method is the same; the difference from example 1 was the thickness of the upper filtration membrane 1 and the lower filtration membrane 2, and the filtration time and the amount of collected serum were as shown in Table 1 below.
TABLE 1 results of Whole blood filtration of examples 1 to 4
As can be seen from table 1, the effect of example 1 is the best.
In examples 5 to 7, the filter membrane structure of example 1 is adopted, and the whole blood filtration method is the same; the difference from example 1 was that the pressure applied during the filtration in step (2) was different, and the filtration was as shown in Table 2 below.
TABLE 2 results of Whole blood filtration of examples 1, 5 to 7
As can be seen from table 2, the effect of example 1 is the best.
Examples 8 to 15 all adopt the whole blood filtration method of example 1, and parameters in filtration are consistent, and filter membrane structures also all adopt the filter membrane structure of example 1, different from example 1 in that the materials of the upper filter membrane 1 and the lower filter membrane 2 in the filter membrane structure are different; the filtration is shown in table 3 below.
TABLE 3 results of Whole blood filtration of examples 1, 8 to 15
As can be seen from table 3, the effect of example 1 is the best.
Example 16: the hemagglutinin in this embodiment is ferric chloride; taking a 200-mu-L whole blood sample as an example, when the whole blood sample contains 50% of serum, the structure can be used for filtering out not less than 50-mu-L volume of serum, and the amount of the filtered serum is more than 50%; the filter membrane structure comprises two layers of filter membranes, namely an upper filter membrane 1 and a lower filter membrane 2, wherein the upper filter membrane 1 is made of glass fiber paper with the thickness of 0.5mM, the aperture is 5 mu m, and ferric chloride solution with the concentration of 50mM is used for treating the upper filter membrane 1, so that ferric chloride is uniformly distributed in the upper filter membrane 1, and the ferric chloride content is 100 ng;
the lower filtering membrane 2 adopts glass fiber paper with the thickness of 1mm, and 1% BSA is dissolved by PB buffer solution for treatment; drying at room temperature for more than 2 h;
as shown in fig. 1, the method for filtering whole blood specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting the filter membrane structure;
(2) adding a whole blood sample into the filter membrane structure for filtration; the upper part pressure filtration speed is adopted during filtration;
(3) and a collecting device is arranged to collect the filtered serum or plasma.
Under the condition of active pressurization and 20MPa filtration, the filtration effect can complete the filtration of serum in normal 200 mu L whole blood within 60s, and the filtered serum reaches more than 60 mu L.
Examples 17 to 19 all used the filter membrane structure of example 16 above, the same treatment method for the filter membrane structure, and the same whole blood filtration method; the difference from example 16 was the thickness of the upper filtration membrane 1 and the lower filtration membrane 2, and the filtration time and the amount of collected serum were as shown in Table 4 below.
TABLE 4 results of Whole blood filtration of examples 16 to 19
As can be seen from table 4, example 16 is the most effective.
In each of examples 20 to 22, the filter membrane structure of example 16, the same treatment method for the filter membrane structure, and the same whole blood filtration method were used; the difference from example 16 was that the pressure applied to the upper part during the filtration in step (2) was different, and the filtration was as shown in Table 5 below.
TABLE 5 results of Whole blood filtration of examples 16, 20 to 22
As can be seen from table 5, example 16 is the most effective.
Examples 23 to 30 all employed the whole blood filtration method of example 16, and parameters in filtration were consistent, and the filter membrane structures also employed the filter membrane structure of example 16 and the same treatment method for the filter membrane structure, which is different from example 16 in that the materials used for the upper filter membrane 1 and the lower filter membrane 2 in the filter membrane structure are different; the filtration is shown in Table 6 below.
TABLE 6 results of Whole blood filtration of examples 16, 23 to 30
As can be seen from table 6, example 16 is the most effective.
Example 31: as shown in FIG. 2, the filter membrane structure for whole blood filtration is formed by stacking two layers of filter membranes from top to bottom in sequence; the filtering membrane is of a porous structure; the aperture of the filtering membrane superposed in the filtering membrane structure is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the area is gradually increased from top to bottom; the two layers of filtering membranes of the filtering membrane structure are respectively an upper filtering membrane 1 and a lower filtering membrane 2, the upper filtering membrane 1 is a red blood cell agglutinin filtering membrane, and the lower filtering membrane 2 is a filtering membrane with a plurality of uniformly distributed filtering holes and different pore sizes; the aperture of the upper filtering membrane 1 is 1 micrometer, and the aperture of the lower filtering membrane 2 is 0.2-0.5 micrometer; the thickness of the upper filtering membrane 1 is 0.5mm, and the thickness of the lower filtering membrane 2 is 1 mm; the filter membrane is a filter membrane treated by hemagglutinin, wherein the hemagglutinin is uniformly distributed, and the weight of the hemagglutinin is 100 ng.
Example 32: as shown in fig. 3, the lower filtration membrane 2 is different from example 31 in that a first lower membrane 201 and a second lower membrane 202 are stacked one on top of the other in this order, and the pore diameter of the first lower membrane 201 is larger than the pore diameter of the second lower membrane 202. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the filter membrane structure for filtering whole blood is formed by sequentially superposing two layers of filter membranes from top to bottom; the filtering membrane is of a porous structure; the aperture of the filtering membrane superposed in the filtering membrane structure is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the area is gradually increased from top to bottom; two-layer filtration membrane that the filter membrane structure includes is upper filtering membrane 1 and lower floor's filtration membrane 2 respectively, upper filtering membrane 1 is the hemagglutinin filter membrane, lower floor's filtration membrane 2 is overlapped from top to bottom in proper order by first lower floor's membrane 201 and second lower floor's membrane 202 and is formed, the aperture of first lower floor's membrane 201 is greater than the aperture of second lower floor's membrane 202. The pore diameter of the first underlayer film 201 is 0.5 μm, and the pore diameter of the second underlayer film 202 is 0.2 μm; the thickness of the upper filtering membrane 1 is 0.5mm, the total thickness of the lower filtering membrane 2 is 1mm, wherein the thickness of the first lower membrane 201 is 0.5mm, and the thickness of the second lower membrane 202 is 0.5 mm.
Example 33: as shown in fig. 2, unlike in example 31, the upper filtration membrane 1 is a hydrophilic filtration membrane, and the lower filtration membrane 2 is a hemagglutinin filtration membrane; specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the filter membrane structure for filtering whole blood is formed by sequentially superposing two layers of filter membranes from top to bottom; the filtering membrane is of a porous structure; the aperture of the filtering membrane superposed in the filtering membrane structure is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the area is gradually increased from top to bottom; the filter membrane structure comprises two layers of filter membranes, namely an upper layer filter membrane 1 and a lower layer filter membrane 2, wherein the upper layer filter membrane 1 is a hydrophilic filter membrane, and the lower layer filter membrane 2 is an erythrocyte agglutinin filter membrane; the aperture of the upper filtering membrane 1 is 1 micrometer, and the aperture of the lower filtering membrane 2 is 0.2-0.5 micrometer; the thickness of the upper filtering membrane 1 is 0.5mm, and the thickness of the lower filtering membrane 2 is 1 mm; the filter membrane is a filter membrane treated by hemagglutinin, wherein the hemagglutinin is uniformly distributed, and the weight of the hemagglutinin is 100 ng.
The structure of the filter membrane is not less than two layers of filter membranes, and more layers of filter membranes can be superposed; the filtering membranes are all porous structures, the uppermost layer is a loose porous structure, namely the pore diameter of the uppermost layer is the largest, and the pore diameters of the filtering membranes superposed in the filtering membrane structure are gradually reduced from top to bottom, so that the arrangement is convenient for filtering layer by layer, and the blood plasma or the blood serum can pass through the filtering membranes, so that the blood cells and other impurities are blocked; the area of superimposed filtration membrane from last to down can be equal in the filtration membrane structure, also can be from last grow gradually to down, and such setting is favorable to filtering layer upon layer, guarantees that the upper strata blood cell that leaks and other impurity can be filtered by the lower floor continuation.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and that the embodiments and descriptions are illustrative only, and that various changes and modifications, such as changes in the material of the filtering membrane or the diameter of the filtering membrane, etc., may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. A filter membrane structure for filtering whole blood is characterized in that the filter membrane structure is formed by sequentially stacking at least two layers of filter membranes from top to bottom; the filtering membrane is of a porous structure; the aperture of the filtering membrane superposed in the filtering membrane structure is gradually reduced from top to bottom, and the area is gradually increased or equal from top to bottom.
2. The filter membrane structure for whole blood filtration according to claim 1, wherein the filter membrane structure comprises two filter membranes, an upper filter membrane and a lower filter membrane, respectively, the upper filter membrane being a hemagglutinin filter membrane, the lower filter membrane being composed of at least one hydrophilic microporous membrane stacked together; or the upper filtering membrane is a hydrophilic filtering membrane, and the lower filtering membrane is an erythrocyte agglutinin filtering membrane; and the hemagglutinin is uniformly distributed in the hemagglutinin filter membrane.
3. The filter membrane structure for whole blood filtration according to claim 2, wherein the upper layer filter membrane is a hemagglutinin filter membrane; the lower filtering membrane is a plurality of filtering membranes with uniformly distributed filtering holes and different pore sizes, or the lower filtering membrane is formed by sequentially overlapping a first lower membrane and a second lower membrane from top to bottom, and the pore size of the first lower membrane is larger than that of the second lower membrane.
4. The filter membrane structure for whole blood filtration according to claim 2, wherein the pore size of the upper filter membrane is not less than 0.45 μm, and the pore size of the lower filter membrane is 0.2 μm to 4 μm.
5. The filter membrane structure for whole blood filtration according to claim 2, wherein the pore size of the upper filter membrane is 1 μm to 5 μm; the thickness of the upper filtering membrane is 0.5-20 mm, and the thickness of the lower filtering membrane is 0.05-2 mm.
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