CN209957723U - Gasification ash comprehensive utilization system - Google Patents

Gasification ash comprehensive utilization system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN209957723U
CN209957723U CN201920238504.5U CN201920238504U CN209957723U CN 209957723 U CN209957723 U CN 209957723U CN 201920238504 U CN201920238504 U CN 201920238504U CN 209957723 U CN209957723 U CN 209957723U
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gasification
ash
heat
comprehensive utilization
slag
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CN201920238504.5U
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Chinese (zh)
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瞿海根
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Air Chemical Products Shanghai Gasification Technology Co ltd
Shenhua Shanghai Gasification Technology Co ltd
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GE Shenhua Gasification Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a gasification ash comprehensive utilization system, which comprises a concentration system, a drying system and a combustion system; the water in the gasified ash is reduced through the concentration system, the relative content of residual carbon in the gasified ash is improved, the concentrated ash is further dried and dehydrated by utilizing the surplus heat brought by the gasification heat-carrying medium in the drying system, and the product is sent to the combustion system for combustion and reuse. The waste heat of the gasification device is fully utilized, the residual carbon in the slag is recycled, the overall heat utilization efficiency of the device is improved, the slag treatment cost is reduced, the adverse effect on the environment is reduced, and good economic and environmental benefits are achieved.

Description

Gasification ash comprehensive utilization system
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a gasification slag processing technology field especially relates to a gasification lime-ash comprehensive utilization system for solid fuel gasification equipment.
Background
Gasification is still the most effective way to utilize hydrocarbon fuels such as coal in a large scale, high efficiency and clean manner, and is also the leading technology of related chemical engineering processes. The fuel used comprises coal, petroleum coke, asphalt, biomass and even garbage and other generalized hydrocarbon fuels.
The gasification reaction is that coal or other fuel and oxygen are partially oxidized in a gasification furnace to generate high-pressure crude synthesis gas and gasification ash. The gasified ash slag is divided into gasified coarse slag and gasified fine slag (or slag slurry), the gasified coarse slag generally contains 5-20% (weight ratio, dry basis) of carbon, 40-60% (weight ratio) of water, and the whole particle size is larger; the gasified fine slag (or slag slurry) generally contains 15-40% (weight ratio, dry basis) of carbon, 80-95% (weight ratio) of water and smaller overall particle size. Along with the wet cooling and washing processes of the crude synthesis gas, the gasified crude slag and the gasified fine slag (or slag slurry) are respectively discharged through a lock hopper system and a black water flash evaporation settling system of the gasification device, and simultaneously, a large amount of flash evaporation gas is generated in the black water flash evaporation process.
In the existing gasification process setting and practical application, gasification ash slag is generally sent to an apparatus for landfill treatment, and flash steam is not only used in the system, but also the rest needs to be cooled by circulating water, so the following problems exist:
1. the gasified ash contains a large amount of water (generally 40-60% by weight), and a small amount of pollutants including ammonia nitrogen, COD and the like inevitably exist in the water. Therefore, the direct landfill treatment is adopted, the reduction and the resource can not be realized, the landfill slag yard is required to be arranged in a matching way according to the environmental protection standard and the requirement, the slag yard has complex design, large occupied area and high investment, secondary pollution is easily caused, and the problem of retreatment of the slag yard percolate returning device is also required to be considered.
2. Because a certain content of carbon residue (generally 10-40% by weight) exists in the gasified ash, the heat of the part cannot be utilized due to the landfill treatment, so the whole energy utilization efficiency is low; and because the slag contains high content of residual carbon, the recycling mode of the slag is also greatly limited, for example, the slag can be used as building materials, roadbed materials and the like.
3. The flash evaporation gas generated in the black water flash evaporation process is relatively large, the main component of the flash evaporation gas is water, and meanwhile, the flash evaporation gas contains a small amount of gas, such as carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and the like. Because the pressure of the flash steam is not high and contains a small amount of acid gas and ammonia, the redundant part of the flash steam needs to be cooled by circulating water, and the consumption of the circulating water is increased.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a gasification lime-ash comprehensive utilization system, its aim at improves the carbon utilization ratio in the gasification lime-ash, improves the device overall heat utilization efficiency, has reduced sediment treatment cost and to the adverse effect of environment.
Another object of the present invention is to improve the utilization rate of the circulating cooling water to reduce water consumption and achieve energy saving.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides a gasification ash comprehensive utilization system, which comprises a concentration system, a drying system and a combustion system;
the concentration system is used for carrying out primary dehydration treatment on the gasified ash to obtain concentrated ash with lower water content and higher carbon content;
in a specific embodiment, the concentration system comprises a filtering device, which can be any one of vacuum filtration, centrifugal filtration and plate-and-frame filtration; the water content in the filtered concentrated ash is generally 40-60% (weight ratio);
in a particular embodiment, the concentration system further comprises a screen washing or flotation device for increasing the carbon content of the gasification ash.
Wherein, the drying system is used for carrying out heat exchange on the concentrated ash and a heat-carrying medium led out from the gasification device for further dehydration to obtain dried ash with lower water content, and the water content of the dried ash is generally less than 20 percent (weight ratio); the heat-carrying medium indirectly exchanges heat with the concentrated ash in the drying system, the heat-carrying medium returns to the gasification device for reuse after heat exchange, and the cooled heat-carrying medium condensate returns to a water system of the gasification device to be used as system make-up water for recycling;
in a particular embodiment, the drying system includes a dryer for drying the concentrated ash;
in a specific embodiment, the drying system further comprises a filter, an air inducing device, a condenser, a condensate separator, a storage device and a feeding device, wherein the filter is used for drying and discharging dry ash, and the filter is used for removing slag powder carried in the vent gas;
the heat-carrying medium is a material flow generated by surplus heat in the gasification device; specifically, the heat-carrying medium is flash steam of the gasification device and comes from a flash evaporation unit of the gasification device.
Wherein the combustion system is used for burning and reusing the dry ash and generating heat or products for utilizing carbon of the dry ash; specifically, the equipment is a boiler or a gasification furnace or other types of combustion equipment.
The utility model also provides a gasification lime-ash comprehensive utilization method, including the step:
1) the gasified ash from the gasification device is primarily treated by a concentration system to obtain concentrated ash with lower water content and higher carbon content;
2) the concentrated ash enters a drying system again, and is further dehydrated by exchanging heat with a heat-carrying medium from a gasification unit to obtain dry ash with lower water content;
3) the dried ash is then conveyed to a combustion system for reuse as fuel.
The utility model provides a gasification lime-ash comprehensive utilization system and method compares with prior art, has following advantage and beneficial effect:
1. through the concentration system, the relative content of water in the gasified ash is reduced, the relative content of carbon in the gasified ash is improved, the residual carbon in the gasified ash is recovered, and the overall carbon utilization efficiency is improved.
2. The water content in the slag is further reduced through the drying system, so that the operation optimization and the efficiency improvement of a combustion device in the next step are facilitated; meanwhile, surplus heat of the gasification device is fully utilized, the overall heat utilization efficiency is improved, the consumption of circulating cooling water is reduced, and a large amount of water is saved.
3. The dried slag is reused as fuel through a combustion system, so that the carbon utilization rate is improved; the steam generated by combustion can be used for power generation or used as process steam, so that the heat efficiency of the combustion device and the energy utilization efficiency of the whole device are improved; and the burned ash can be directly utilized and treated as building materials, roadbed materials and the like, so that the difficulty in treating waste residues and the operation cost are effectively reduced.
Comprehensively, the utility model provides a gasification lime-ash comprehensive utilization system and method has realized the resource utilization maximize of gasification lime-ash under the prerequisite of safety, environmental protection and economy, has reached energy saving and emission reduction's purpose, also can bring better economic repayment, has good economy and environmental protection benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of the first embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of the second embodiment of the present invention
Description of the symbols in the drawings:
101 filtration device (concentration device) 102 screening and washing device
103 flotation device 201/203/205 feeder
202 drier 204 slag bin
206 filter 207 induced draft device
208 cooler 209 condensate separator
S101 slurry S102 gasified coarse slag
S103 screening coarse slag and S104 screening fine slag
S105 flotation of fine slag and S106 flotation of coarse slag
S110 filtrate S201 concentrated ash S204 gasification heat transfer medium (flash evaporation gas)
S205 gasification heat transfer medium condensate (flash gas condensate) S206 vent gas
S208 condensed water S300 combustion device (boiler)
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in FIG. 2, the gasification ash comprehensive utilization system provided by the embodiment of the present invention comprises a concentration system, a drying system and a combustion system.
The concentration system device is mainly a filtering device, and the technical requirements of the embodiment can be met by adopting filtering methods such as vacuum filtration, centrifugal filtration or plate-and-frame filtration. Gasified fine slag (slag slurry) S101 discharged from the gasification device enters the filtering device 101 for preliminary dehydration to form concentrated ash 201, and the concentrated ash 201 enters a drying system through the feeder 201; the water removed in the filtering device 101 is returned to the gasification device as filtrate S110 for recycling.
The drying system comprises a dryer, a filter, an air inducing device, a condenser and a separator thereof, a storage device and a feeding and discharging device. In this embodiment, a steam pipe dryer 202 is used. In the dryer 202, concentrated ash 201 and gasification heat-carrying medium flash evaporation gas S204 indirectly exchange heat to be further dehydrated and dried, then the concentrated ash enters a slag bin 204 through a feeder 203, and then the dried ash S300 is fed into a combustion system through a feeder 205. The gasification heat-carrying medium flash evaporation gas S204 is generated in a large amount in the process of flash evaporation of black water of gasification reaction in the gasification device, and condensed ash 201 of the gasification heat-carrying medium flash evaporation gas is cooled by heat exchange to form flash evaporation gas condensate S205 which is returned to the gasification device for recycling.
Gas with a small amount of slag powder is generated in the dehydration drying process in the dryer 202 and passes through a filter 206, the slag powder obtained by separation returns to a slag bin 204, the gas after slag powder separation passes through an air inducing device 207, a cooler 208 and a condensate separating tank 209, and after moisture is condensed and separated, vent gas S207 is formed and discharged, and condensed water S208 returns to a gasification device for recycling.
In this embodiment, the combustion system comprises a boiler. The processed ash can be reused as fuel in a boiler, and the generated high-pressure steam can be used for generating power or used as process steam. And the burned ash can be directly used as a building material or a roadbed material, so that the risks of cost, manpower, material resources and secondary pollution caused by direct landfill treatment are avoided, and the method has good social and environmental benefits.
The above is the description of the main components of the embodiment of the present invention, and the following description will be given by taking a coal-based water-coal-slurry gasification methanol production plant producing 180 ten thousand tons of coal-based water-coal-slurry as a sample.
Table 1 shows the main logistic parameters of the process in this example:
Figure BDA0001978190280000041
Figure BDA0001978190280000051
note 1: 10% of the drying heat loss is considered;
note 2: the proportion of other gases is about 1-2% (volume ratio) regardless of the small amount of other gases contained in the flash gas;
from the above table, the embodiment of the present invention can bring the following beneficial effects:
1. the moisture content of the gasified ash S101 is changed into the dry ash S300 through the concentration system and the drying system, and the moisture content is reduced from 80 percent to 20 percent, so that the recycling is more facilitated. And the condensed gas recovery device of the drying system can recover condensed water S208 of about 6t/h and return the condensed water to the gasification device for reuse, thereby saving the supplementary water of the gasification device.
2. In the drying system, the concentrated ash is indirectly heated by utilizing the surplus heat brought by the flash steam S204 of the gasification device. In the embodiment, the consumption of the flash steam S204 required by a coal-based methanol plant producing 180 ten thousand tons per year is 12t/h, the available high-pressure flash steam generated by the coal water slurry chilling gasification device is more than 60t/h, and the low-pressure flash steam can be used, so that the consumption required by comprehensively utilizing gasified ash can be completely met, and additional heat production is not required. And in original flow, high pressure flash distillation gas need can be handled through condensation processing, the utility model discloses then utilized the heat that flash distillation gas took, reduced the demand of condensation by a wide margin, consequently practiced thrift the recirculated cooling water 620t/h that is used for cooling 12t/h flash distillation gas.
3. In the embodiment, the combustion system comprises a boiler, and the carbon content of the ash obtained after the dry ash S300 is combusted in the boiler is low, so that the dry ash can be directly used as building materials and the like; meanwhile, high-pressure steam generated by combustion can be used for power generation. In the embodiment, the lower calorific value of the dry ash containing about 30 percent of carbon (dry basis, weight ratio) is 10.2MJ/kg, and the low calorific value can generate 4.0MPag at 30t/h and high-pressure steam at 375 ℃ (the boiler efficiency is 80%). If the cost of the high-pressure steam produced by the gasification slag is 60 yuan/t, the selling price is 135 yuan/t, and the annual running time is 8000 hours, the economic benefit which can be produced every year is 1800 ten thousand yuan, and the economic benefit is remarkable.
Example two:
as shown in fig. 3, the gasification ash comprehensive utilization system provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a concentration system, a drying system and a combustion system. Compared with the first embodiment, the concentration system of the present embodiment includes a screening and washing device, a flotation device and a filtering device. The drying system and the combustion system and the process are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not repeated herein.
The concentration system mainly comprises a screening washing device 102, a flotation device 103 and a filtering device 101. Screening and washing the coarse slag S102 from the gasification device by a screening and washing device 102 to obtain screened fine slag S103 with smaller particle size and higher carbon content and screened coarse slag S104 with larger particle size and lower residual carbon content; the screened coarse slag S104 is discharged from the gasification ash comprehensive utilization system and discharged out of a boundary area, and can be directly utilized as building materials and the like; the screened fine slag S103 and the gasified fine slag (slag slurry) S101 from the gasification apparatus enter the flotation apparatus 103. Flotation is carried out to obtain flotation fine slag S105 with high carbon residue content and flotation coarse slag S106 with relatively low carbon residue content; the flotation coarse slag S106 is discharged from the gasification ash comprehensive utilization system, is discharged out of a boundary area, and can be directly utilized as building materials or subjected to landfill treatment; the flotation fine slag S105 enters the filtering device 101. The flotation fine slag S105 forms concentrated ash S201 after the primary dehydration of the filtering device 101, and the concentrated ash S201 enters a drying system through a feeder 201; the water removed in the filtering apparatus 101 is returned to the gasification apparatus as a filtrate S110 for recycling.
The utility model provides a gasification lime-ash comprehensive utilization system accomplishes for having applied following method, including the step:
1) primarily treating gasified ash from a gasification device through a concentration system to obtain concentrated ash with lower water content and higher carbon content;
2) the concentrated ash enters a drying system again, and is further dehydrated by exchanging heat with a heat-carrying medium of a gasification unit to obtain dry ash with lower water content;
3) the dried ash is then conveyed to a combustion system for reuse as fuel.
In summary, the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A gasification ash comprehensive utilization system is characterized by comprising a concentration system, a drying system and a combustion system; the concentration system is used for carrying out primary dehydration treatment on the gasified ash to obtain concentrated ash with lower water content and higher carbon content;
the drying system is used for carrying out heat exchange on the concentrated ash and the heat-carrying medium led out from the gasification device for further dehydration to obtain dry ash with lower water content; the heat-carrying medium is returned to the gasification device for reuse after heat exchange, and the cooled heat-carrying medium condensate is returned to a water system of the gasification device to be used as system make-up water for recycling;
the combustion system is used for burning and reusing the dry ash.
2. The gasification ash comprehensive utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the concentration system is any one of vacuum filtration, centrifugal filtration and plate-and-frame filtration.
3. The gasification ash recycling system of claim 1, wherein the concentration system comprises a screen washing or flotation device.
4. The gasification ash recycling system of claim 1, wherein the drying system comprises a dryer.
5. The gasification ash recycling system according to claim 4, wherein the drying system further comprises a filter, an air inducing device, a condenser, a condensate separator, a storage device and a feeding device.
6. The gasification ash comprehensive utilization system according to claim 1, wherein the heat transfer medium is a stream generated by surplus heat in the gasification device.
7. The gasification ash comprehensive utilization system according to claim 6, wherein the heat-carrying medium is flash steam of a gasification device.
8. The gasification ash recycling system of claim 1, wherein the combustion system is a device that generates heat or products using the carbon of the dry ash.
9. The gasification ash recycling system according to claim 8, wherein the apparatus is a boiler or a gasification furnace.
CN201920238504.5U 2019-02-26 2019-02-26 Gasification ash comprehensive utilization system Expired - Fee Related CN209957723U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109777546A (en) * 2019-02-26 2019-05-21 通用电气神华气化技术有限公司 Gasify ash comprehensive utilization system and method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109777546A (en) * 2019-02-26 2019-05-21 通用电气神华气化技术有限公司 Gasify ash comprehensive utilization system and method

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Address after: 201203 building 51, No. 1000, zhangheng Road, Zhangjiang hi tech, Pudong New Area, Shanghai

Patentee after: Shenhua (Shanghai) gasification technology Co.,Ltd.

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Patentee before: GE SHENHUA GASIFICATION TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD.

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Address after: 200000 Room 303, No. 88, Lane 887, Zuchongzhi Road, China (Shanghai) pilot Free Trade Zone, Pudong New Area, Shanghai

Patentee after: Air chemical products (Shanghai) gasification technology Co.,Ltd.

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Granted publication date: 20200117