CN209940967U

CN209940967U - Nucleic acid extraction device

Info

Publication number: CN209940967U
Application number: CN201920255509.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王青; 厉刚
Original assignee: Beijing Junli Kangbo Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Junlikang Technology Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-01-14
Filing date: 2019-02-28
Publication date: 2020-01-14
Anticipated expiration: 2029-02-28

Abstract

The utility model relates to a nucleic acid extraction technical field discloses a nucleic acid extraction device, and the device includes: the body is provided with an inner cavity and an inlet end and an outlet end which are communicated with the inner cavity; a filtering device is arranged at the outlet end; the inner cavity is filled with a porous nucleic acid adsorption medium, and the diameter of the porous nucleic acid adsorption medium is larger than the pore diameter of the filter pores of the filter device. The utility model provides a pair of nucleic acid extraction element adsorbs the extraction to nucleic acid solution through the nucleic acid adsorption medium that porous material made, and porous medium can increase the adsorption surface, improves nucleic acid extraction efficiency, is particularly useful for the high accuracy detection of complicated sample such as excrement and urine, mud or soil, simultaneously the utility model discloses a device need not to cooperate complicated equipment such as centrifuge to use, and simple structure, convenient and fast are applicable to on-the-spot portable nucleic acid and draw fast.

Description

Nucleic acid extraction device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a nucleic acid extraction technical field especially relates to a nucleic acid extraction device.

Background

Generally, the extraction method of nucleic acid is to firstly crush biological sample materials such as cells and tissue materials, inactivate nuclease, release nucleic acid, and further remove other tissues or cell components such as protein, polysaccharide, lipid, and the like, thereby obtaining high-quality nucleic acid. When nucleic acid is extracted from a complicated sample such as feces, sludge or soil, it is necessary to perform filtration or purification before the disruption treatment in order to remove particulate impurities in the feces, sludge or soil. However, a complicated apparatus such as a centrifuge is required in the extraction process.

In recent years, with the advent of solid phase adsorption technology and the development of biochemistry, nucleic acid extraction has been greatly facilitated. However, portable methods for rapid extraction of nucleic acids suitable for use in the field are still the bottleneck in the field of nucleic acid extraction at present.

The solid phase extraction technology mainly utilizes the interaction of static electricity, affinity, ion exchange or hydrogen bond between a solid phase adsorbent and nucleic acid, thereby achieving the purpose of separating the nucleic acid. Compared with the traditional extraction method, the solid phase extraction technology has the advantages of rapidness and high efficiency, and can overcome the defect of incomplete separation of an organic phase and a water phase in liquid phase extraction. Currently, solid phase extraction can be divided into non-magnetic solid phase extraction and magnetic separation extraction.

The non-magnetic solid phase extraction of nucleic acid is mainly carried out in a centrifugal column chromatography mode, and the aim of separating and adsorbing nucleic acid is fulfilled through the centrifugal effect. The solid phase extraction process is generally divided into four steps of cracking, combining, cleaning and eluting, and compared with the traditional method, the method can greatly shorten the extraction time of nucleic acid. Numerous nucleic acid extraction kits are now developed based on this approach. The method has the disadvantages that the method is carried out by a centrifuge, and when a large amount of samples are operated, the generation of cross contamination cannot be avoided, so that false positive results are easily caused.

Magnetic separation and extraction of nucleic acid magnetic particles for nucleic acid separation need to have both superparamagnetic and surface functional groups. First, superparamagnetism ensures that aggregation and dispersion of magnetic particles can be controlled by an external magnetic field: secondly, functional groups on the surface of the magnetic particles react with nucleic acid molecules under certain conditions to enrich the nucleic acid. The nucleic acid extraction using magnetic particles mainly comprises three processes: firstly, combining nucleic acid molecules with magnetic particles to form magnetic particle-nucleic acid complexes; secondly, separating the magnetic particle-nucleic acid compound under the action of an external magnetic field; thirdly, eluting nucleic acid. Furthermore, a solution environment in which the magnetic particles are bound to and separated from the nucleic acid molecules is required. For example, Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles can enrich DNA in cell lysate under the conditions of PEG-6000 and sodium chloride. Magnetic particles currently used include, for example, silica-coated magnetic particles, carboxylated magnetic nanoparticles, gelatin-coated magnetic nanoparticles, methacrylic acid-modified magnetic nanoparticles, and the like, which are used to extract DNA, RNA in corn, milk, bacteria, or viruses, respectively. The method has high technical cost, the related kit in the market is expensive, although the extracted nucleic acid is pure, the method is more directed to trace samples, and the total amount of the extracted nucleic acid is less, so the method is not suitable for clinical detection.

At present, various convenient and practical nucleic acid extraction apparatuses are disclosed in the prior art, but these apparatuses either need to be fitted with other complicated equipment (e.g., a centrifuge) or the extraction efficiency is to be improved. It is still insufficient for efficient extraction of nucleic acids, or high-precision detection of complex samples in particular.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

Technical problem to be solved

The utility model aims at providing a nucleic acid extraction device in order to solve among the prior art nucleic acid extraction device need cooperate the equipment that uses complicacy such as centrifuge, and the technical problem that extraction efficiency is not high.

(II) technical scheme

To the technical problem who exists among the prior art, the utility model provides a nucleic acid extraction element, the device includes: the body is provided with an inner cavity and an inlet end and an outlet end which are communicated with the inner cavity; a filtering device is arranged at the outlet end; the inner cavity is filled with a porous nucleic acid adsorption medium, and the diameter of the porous nucleic acid adsorption medium is larger than the pore diameter of the filter pores of the filter device.

Further, the porous nucleic acid adsorption medium is a mixture of one or more of porous glass beads, rare earth material particles, graphene particles, porous silicon, porous ceramic particles and porous polysaccharide particles.

Furthermore, the inner cavity of the body is also pre-filled with salt solution for assisting the nucleic acid extraction and cracking functions.

Further, the body is an elastomer.

Further, still include: an inlet cover removably mounted to the inlet end and an outlet cover removably mounted to the exterior of the outlet end.

Further, still include: a stirring device; the stirring device includes: the stirring component is arranged in the inner cavity of the body, the rotary driving component is arranged outside the body, and the transmission component is used for transmitting the driving force of the rotary driving component to drive the stirring component to rotate; the transmission component is arranged in the mounting hole of the inlet cover so as to be connected with the stirring component and the rotary driving component.

Further, the transmission member includes: a driven shaft and a bearing; the driven shaft is rotatably arranged in the mounting hole through a bearing; one end of the driven shaft is connected with the driving shaft of the rotary driving part, and the other end of the driven shaft is connected with the stirring part.

Further, the rotational driving means includes, but is not limited to, a micro-drive motor, a spring plate, or a spring wire.

Further, the outlet cover includes: the control valve includes a first state in which the first and second outlets are closed, a second state in which the first outlet is closed and the second outlet is open, and a third state in which the first outlet is open and the second outlet is closed.

Further, the outlet cover includes: a valve hole, wherein the control valve is arranged in the valve hole;

further, the control valve includes: a first fluid port and a second fluid port, the control valve being relatively movable within the valve bore such that the control valve has the first state, the second state, and the third state, the first state being the first fluid port moved to a position such that the first outlet is open and the second fluid port moved to a position such that the second outlet is closed; the second state is the first flow port moving to a position where the first outlet is closed and the second flow port moving to a position where the second outlet is open; the third state is the first flow port moving to a position that closes the first outlet and the second flow port moving to a position that closes the second outlet.

Further, the control valve further includes: the elastic element comprises a first limiting part, a second limiting part, a third limiting part, a limiting part and an elastic element; the limiting part and the elastic element are respectively embedded in the outlet cover, and the limiting part is arranged at the end part of the elastic element and pushed to the first limiting part, the second limiting part and the third limiting part by the elastic element, so that the limiting part is correspondingly clamped with one of the first state, the second state and the third state.

(III) advantageous effects

The embodiment of the utility model provides a pair of nucleic acid extraction element adsorbs the extraction to nucleic acid solution through the nucleic acid adsorption medium that porous material made, and porous medium can increase the adsorption surface, improves nucleic acid extraction efficiency, is particularly useful for the high accuracy detection of complicated sample such as excrement and urine, mud or soil, simultaneously the utility model discloses a device need not to cooperate complicated equipment such as centrifuge to use, and simple structure, convenient and fast are applicable to the on-the-spot portable nucleic acid and draw fast.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the nucleic acid isolation apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of another embodiment of the nucleic acid isolation apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of another embodiment of the nucleic acid isolation apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the outlet cover of the present invention in a third state;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the outlet cover of the present invention in the first state;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the outlet cover of the present invention in a second state;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a receiving device according to the present invention.

Wherein:

the filter comprises a body 1, an inlet end 1a, an outlet end 1b, a filter device 2, an inlet cover 3, an outlet cover 4, a stirring device 5, a sealing gasket 6, an inner cavity 11, a control valve 41, a first outlet 42, a second outlet 43, a valve hole 44, a stirring part 51, a rotary driving part 52, a transmission part 53, a first circulation hole 411, a second circulation hole 412, a first limiting part 413, a second limiting part 414, a third limiting part 415, a limiting part 416, an elastic element 417 and a receiving device 418.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

The term "nucleic acid" of the present invention refers to the genetic material of an organism, which includes both deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). The term "nucleic acid extraction" of the present invention refers to a process of separating and purifying nucleic acid from a sample. The sample of the present invention includes both complex mixtures containing organisms and mixtures containing nucleic acid materials. Wherein the organism includes microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, and the like, as well as tissues or cells of an animal subject (e.g., mammal, human). The term "mixture" as used herein includes both a mixture containing a plurality of solvents and a mixture containing a plurality of solid components, and also includes a mixture containing both a solvent and a solid component. Examples of the complex mixture containing the organism include feces, sludge, and the like containing various microorganisms, in which case the nucleic acid extraction includes a process of separating the organism from the complex mixture and separating the nucleic acid from the organism. Examples of the mixture containing the nucleic acid substance include a cell lysate, a blood component (containing no cells), and the like, in which case the nucleic acid extraction includes separation of the nucleic acid substance from the mixture, or further includes a process of separating the nucleic acid from a combination of the protein and the nucleic acid.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the nucleic acid isolation apparatus of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the nucleic acid isolation apparatus of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of another embodiment of the nucleic acid isolation apparatus of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1-3. The nucleic acid extraction device includes: the device comprises a body 1, wherein the body 1 is provided with an inner cavity 11 and an inlet end 1a and an outlet end 1b which are communicated with the inner cavity 11; a filtering device 2 is arranged at the outlet end 1 b; the inner cavity 11 is filled with a porous nucleic acid adsorption medium, and the diameter of the porous nucleic acid adsorption medium is larger than the pore diameter of the filter pores of the filter device 2.

Specifically, the body 1 is a main body part for nucleic acid extraction, and is a shell structure having an inner cavity 11, and the shape of the shell structure includes, but is not limited to, a cylindrical shape (as shown in fig. 1), a funnel shape (as shown in fig. 2), a truncated cone shape (as shown in fig. 3), or a combination of a plurality of regular shapes, preferably a funnel shape. The body 1 may be made of a material that is squeezed and can recover its original shape after releasing pressure, such as an elastic material, and such a material can control the volume or pressure change in the internal cavity, which is beneficial to discharge the liquid in the internal cavity, thereby avoiding the use of a centrifuge or a vacuum pump or a plunger to control the pressure change.

The inlet end 1a of the body 1 is one end of the housing, and the outlet end 1b is the opposite end of the inlet end 1a, preferably, the inlet end 1a is disposed at the top of the body 1, and the outlet end 1b is disposed at the bottom of the body 1. The sealing cover at the inlet end 1a is opened, a sample or sample solution of nucleic acid to be extracted is added into the inner cavity 11 from the inlet end 1a, the sealing cover is covered to be in a sealing state, extraction is carried out in the cavity, and waste liquid or nucleic acid extracting solution after extraction is discharged from the outlet end 1 b. The nucleic acid extraction process is carried out in the independently sealed body 1, thereby effectively reducing various possible pollution phenomena.

The inner cavity 11 of the body 1 is filled with a nucleic acid adsorbing medium for adsorbing and separating nucleic acid in the extract liquid, the volume of the nucleic acid adsorbing medium is not more than 1/2 which is full of the whole inner cavity 11, and the quantity can be determined according to actual requirements. In order to enhance the adsorption binding force of nucleic acid and improve the extraction efficiency of nucleic acid, a porous nucleic acid adsorption medium can be adopted, particles made of porous materials are preferably used, the pore diameter is 1-20nm, the porous medium can increase the adsorption surface area and enhance the binding force of nucleic acid, and particularly, the pore diameter of 1-20nm is more suitable for nucleic acid to enter the inside of the surface of the porous medium. Among them, the diameter of the porous medium is an important factor affecting the adsorption of nucleic acid, and it is not preferable that the diameter is too large, and if it is too large, the surface area becomes small, and the adsorption capacity is affected, and it is also not too small, and although the surface area becomes large, it clogs the filter device 2, and the filtration is affected, and it cannot be separated effectively from the particulate matter in the sample, and usually, the diameter of the porous medium is 1 to 1000. mu.m, preferably 10 to 500. mu.m, more preferably 30 to 300. mu.m, and still more preferably 50 to 200. mu.m.

The porous nucleic acid adsorption medium of this embodiment includes one or a mixture of two or more of porous adsorption materials such as porous glass beads, rare earth material particles, graphene particles, porous silicon, porous ceramic particles, and porous polysaccharide particles, and the outer surface of the porous nucleic acid adsorption medium has many hydroxyl groups or amino groups for enhancing the adsorption function of nucleic acid. Under the condition of micron-scale diameter meeting the above conditions, different porous nucleic acid adsorption media have the same adsorption function on nucleic acid.

The present embodiment is illustrated by taking porous glass beads as an example, and the components include silica, alumina, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, sodium oxide, potassium oxide, and the like. Wherein the content of silicon dioxide is 70-75 wt%, the content of aluminum oxide is 1-2.5 wt%, the content of calcium oxide is 8-10 wt%, the content of magnesium oxide is 1.5-4.5 wt%, and the sum of the contents of sodium oxide and potassium oxide is 13-15 wt%. The surface of the glass bead of the above composition has a large amount of hydroxyl or amino groups, which is more favorable for adsorption of nucleic acid substances.

Further preferably, the surface of the particulate material of the present invention is chemically modified to increase the surface hydroxyl content. For example, the particle surface can be subjected to chemical modification hydroxylation by using piranha solution, which is a mixture of hot concentrated sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide and is used for removing all organic matters on the surface of the porous nucleic acid adsorption medium, and meanwhile, the surface of most materials can be subjected to hydroxylation.

Further, the inner cavity 11 of the body 1 may be pre-filled with a saline solution. The salt solution is known in the art and has the auxiliary function of nucleic acid extraction and lysis, and includes but is not limited to one or more of sodium iodide, guanidinium isothiocyanate, sodium chloride and sodium chlorate. From the aspect of adsorption effect, preferred salt solutions are sodium iodide and guanidinium isothiocyanate. Both sodium iodide solution and guanidinium isothiocyanate are very favorable for adsorption of nucleic acid. Sodium iodide solution is more preferable in view of safety and non-toxicity. From the viewpoint of economy, sodium chloride is preferred. The concentration of the salt solution is not particularly limited, but the concentration of the salt solution is not so low that the adsorption effect of nucleic acid is insufficient, and not so high that the cost is increased and the adsorption effect of nucleic acid is not remarkably enhanced, and is usually between 2.5mol/L and 8mol/L, preferably 3 to 6mol/L, and more preferably 3.5 to 5 mol/L. The salt solution should not have a pH too low, which would cause impurities, especially proteins and lipids, to be easily deposited in the nucleic acid adsorption medium, which would adversely affect the adsorption of nucleic acids, or too high, which should not be particularly higher than the pKa of the nucleic acid adsorption medium, which would cause a significant decrease in the adsorption effect, and usually has a pH of 3 to 6, preferably 3.5 to 5, and more preferably 4.

The filtering device 2 is used for filtering and removing particulate matters and liquid components in the liquid, and can be arranged at the inner side of the outlet end 1b of the body 1, close to or closely attached to the outlet end 1b, the pore diameter of the filtering pore of the filtering device is smaller than the diameter of the nucleic acid adsorbing medium, and the nucleic acid adsorbing medium is kept in the inner cavity 11 of the body 1. However, the pore size of the filter pores should not be too small, which is easily clogged by particles in the liquid, and usually the pore size of the filter pores is larger than 1 micron, preferably larger than 5 microns, and more preferably larger than 10 microns. The filter device 2 is preferably one or a combination of nylon mesh, metal mesh, sand core, wherein the material of the sand core comprises glass, ceramic, or a combination of both.

On the basis of the above embodiment, in this embodiment, the nucleic acid extraction apparatus of the present invention further includes: an inlet cover 3 detachably mounted on the inlet end 1a and an outlet cover 4 detachably mounted outside the outlet end 1 b. Specifically, the inlet cover 3 and the outlet cover 4 are both in cover-shaped structures and are composed of cover faces and annular side faces fixed on the cover faces, the inlet cover 3 is covered with the inlet end 1a in a matching mode, the outlet cover 4 is covered with the outlet end 1b in a matching mode, and the detachable connection can be achieved in a threaded connection mode and a buckling connection mode. The inlet cover 3 and the outlet cover 4 are preferably made of a hard material, preferably a hard plastic, such as ABS. Inlet cover 3 and export lid 4 can seal body 1, avoid nucleic acid extraction to receive the influence of environment, wherein can set up seal ring 6 respectively at the junction of inlet cover 3 and entry end 1a, and export lid 4 and exit end 1b, further carry out sealing process.

In this embodiment, the inlet cover 3 of the nucleic acid extracting apparatus of the present invention is provided with a stirring device 5 through a mounting hole; this agitating unit 5 includes: the stirring component 51 is arranged in the inner cavity 11 of the body, the rotary driving component 52 is arranged outside the body 1, and the transmission component 53 transmits the driving force of the rotary driving component 52 to drive the stirring component 51 to rotate; the transmission member 53 is installed in the installation hole of the inlet cover 3 to connect the agitating member 51 and the rotation driving member 52.

The transmission part 53 may be specifically composed of a driven shaft and a bearing, the driven shaft is rotatably installed in the installation hole of the access cover 3 through the bearing, one end of the driven shaft is connected with the driving shaft of the rotation driving part 52, and the other end is connected with the stirring part 51. In addition, the transmission member 53 may also adopt other transmission structures, such as a spring, a spiral spring, etc.

The rotary driving part 52 includes any one of a manual driving part and an automatic driving part, including but not limited to: any one form of driving component with automatic rotation function, such as turning handle, micro transmission motor, spring leaf, spring wire, etc. The rotation driving member 52 moves the stirring member 51 in the cavity 11 of the main body 1 to stir the liquid in the cavity 11, thereby promoting the adsorption or desorption of the nucleic acid and the nucleic acid adsorbing medium.

The stirring member 51 is disposed in the cavity 11 of the body 1 and moves in the cavity 11, promoting the flow of the liquid. The stirring member 51 may be a rod as shown in fig. 2, and is offset from the central axis of the inner cavity 11 of the body 1 by a certain distance; the stirring member 51 may have a blade shape as shown in fig. 3, and a plurality of blades may be uniformly arranged with respect to the central axis of the cavity 11 of the body 1 and fixed to the free end of the stirring member 51 to promote the mixing or flowing of the liquid. The width of the blade is not more than 1/2 of the width of the inner cavity of the

body

1 or 1/2 of the width of the inner hollow cavity. The length of the stirring member 51 corresponds to the height of the body 1, and is preferably 70 to 90% of the height of the body 1.

On the basis of each above-mentioned embodiment, in this embodiment, export lid 4 can choose for use independent totally closed export lid, or the export lid of the arbitrary form of the export lid that possesses control valve and liquid outlet function, wherein, independent totally closed export lid is in the utility model discloses in possess sealed function, need require the centrifuging tube that is equipped with corresponding volume according to the use step during the use and carry out supplementary nucleic acid and draw, the export lid that possesses control valve and liquid outlet function is preferred in this embodiment (as shown in fig. 4).

Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the outlet cover 4, and as shown in fig. 4, the outlet cover 4 includes: a control valve 41, a first outlet 42 and a second outlet 43, and the control valve 41 includes a first state in which the first outlet 42 and the second outlet 43 are closed, a second state in which the first outlet 42 is closed and the second outlet 43 is opened, and a third state in which the first outlet 42 is opened and the second outlet 43 is closed.

Specifically, the control valve 41 can be freely switched between the above three states as needed, thereby controlling the outflow of the liquid. The embodiment of the utility model provides a through setting up first export 42 and second export 43 can make things convenient for different fluids to flow from different exports, avoid the pollution of sample. Wherein the first outlet 42 and the second outlet 43 may have the same shape, or may have different shapes, preferably different shapes, so as to facilitate distinguishing between different outlets. In certain embodiments, the first outlet 42 of the present invention is a waste liquid outlet, and the second outlet 43 is a nucleic acid extract outlet. Referring to fig. 7, a receiving device 418 may be connected below the first outlet 42 and the second outlet 43. The receiving means 418 may be a 1.5mLEP tube, the receiving means 418 being threadably connected to the first outlet 42 or the second outlet 43.

Further, the outlet cover 4 includes: a valve hole 44, the control valve 41 being disposed within the valve hole 44; the control valve 41 includes: a first communication port 411 and a second communication port 412, the control valve 41 being relatively movable within the valve hole 44 such that the control valve 41 has the first state, the second state, and the third state, the first state being the first communication port 411 being moved to a position where the first outlet 42 is opened, and the second communication port 412 being moved to a position where the second outlet 43 is closed; the second state is that the first communication port 411 is moved to a position where the first outlet 42 is closed and the second communication port 412 is moved to a position where the second outlet 43 is opened; the third state is that the first communication port 411 is moved to a position where the first outlet 42 is closed, and the second communication port 412 is moved to a position where the second outlet 43 is closed.

The control valve 41 is inserted into the valve hole 44, and the control valve 41 is axially movable along the valve hole 44 to be switched among a left position, a middle position, and a right position. The control valve 41 includes a first communication port 411 and a second communication port 412, and the first communication port 411 and the second communication port 412 may be in the form of a circular groove, a through hole, or the like.

In fig. 4 the control valve 41 is in a third state, in which the first through-flow opening 411 is moved to a position in which the first outlet 42 is closed and the second through-flow opening 412 is moved to a position in which the second outlet 43 is closed. I.e. a situation where the cylindrical part of the control valve 41 blocks both the first outlet 42 and the second outlet 43.

In fig. 5, the control valve 41 is in a first state, as shown in fig. 5, in which the first communication port 411 is moved to a position where the first outlet 42 is open, and the second communication port 412 is moved to a position where the second outlet 43 is closed; that is, when the first through-flow opening 411 is axially moved to the first outlet 42, the first outlet 42 is opened, and at the same time, the cylindrical portion of the control valve 41 is located at the second outlet 43, and the second outlet 43 is closed.

In fig. 6 the control valve 41 is in a second state, as shown in fig. 6, in which the first communication port 411 is moved to a position in which the first outlet 42 is closed and the second communication port 412 is moved to a position in which the second outlet 43 is open; that is, when the second communication port 412 is moved to the second outlet 43, the second outlet 43 is opened, and at the same time, the cylindrical portion of the control valve 41 is located at the first outlet 42, and the first outlet 42 is closed.

In addition, referring to fig. 4, the control valve 41 further includes: a first position-limiting portion 413, a second position-limiting portion 414, a third position-limiting portion 415, a position-limiting member 416 and an elastic element 417; the limiting member 416 and the elastic element 417 are respectively embedded in the outlet cover 4, and the limiting member 416 is disposed at an end of the elastic element 417 and pushed by the elastic element 417 to the first limiting portion 413, the second limiting portion 414, and the third limiting portion 415, so that the limiting member 416 is in one of the first state, the second state, and the third state, and is correspondingly engaged with the first limiting portion 413, the second limiting portion 414, and the third limiting portion 415. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the first limiting portion 413, the second limiting portion 414, and the third limiting portion 415 are annular grooves. The stopper 416 is preferably a steel ball, and the elastic member 417 is preferably a coil spring.

As shown in fig. 4, the stopper 416 engages with the second stopper 414 located at the intermediate position, and the control valve 41 is in the third state. As shown in fig. 5, the stopper 416 engages with the third stopper 415 located at the rightmost end, and the control valve 41 is in the first state. As shown in fig. 6, the stopper 416 engages with the first stopper 413 located at the leftmost end, and the control valve 41 is in the second state. The switching between the respective states is achieved by pushing and pulling the control valve 41 in the axial direction.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nucleic acid extraction device, comprising: the body is provided with an inner cavity and an inlet end and an outlet end which are communicated with the inner cavity; a filtering device is arranged at the outlet end; the inner cavity is filled with a porous nucleic acid adsorption medium, and the diameter of the porous nucleic acid adsorption medium is larger than the pore diameter of the filter pores of the filter device.

2. The nucleic acid extraction device according to claim 1, wherein the porous nucleic acid adsorption medium is a mixture of one or more of porous glass beads, rare earth material particles, graphene particles, porous silicon, porous ceramic particles and porous polysaccharide particles.

3. The nucleic acid extraction device of claim 1, wherein the cavity of the body is also pre-filled with a salt solution that assists in nucleic acid extraction and lysis.

4. The nucleic acid extraction device according to claim 1, wherein the body is an elastomer.

5. The nucleic acid extraction apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: an inlet cover removably mounted to the inlet end and an outlet cover removably mounted to the outlet end.

6. The nucleic acid extraction apparatus according to claim 5, characterized by further comprising: a stirring device; the stirring device includes: the stirring component is arranged in the inner cavity of the body, the rotary driving component is arranged outside the body, and the transmission component is used for transmitting the driving force of the rotary driving component to drive the stirring component to rotate; the transmission component is arranged in the mounting hole of the inlet cover so as to be connected with the stirring component and the rotary driving component.

7. The nucleic acid extraction apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the transmission member includes: a driven shaft and a bearing; the driven shaft is rotatably arranged in the mounting hole through a bearing; one end of the driven shaft is connected with the driving shaft of the rotary driving part, and the other end of the driven shaft is connected with the stirring part.

8. The nucleic acid isolation apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the rotation driving means includes, but is not limited to, a micro-drive motor, a spring plate, or a spring wire.

9. The nucleic acid extraction apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the outlet cover includes: a control valve, a first outlet and a second outlet; and the control valve includes a first state in which the first and second outlets are closed, a second state in which the first outlet is closed and the second outlet is open, and a third state in which the first outlet is open and the second outlet is closed.

10. The nucleic acid extraction apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the outlet cover includes: a valve hole, wherein the control valve is arranged in the valve hole;

the control valve includes: a first fluid port and a second fluid port, the control valve being relatively movable within the valve bore such that the control valve has the first state, the second state, and the third state, the first state being the first fluid port moved to a position such that the first outlet is open and the second fluid port moved to a position such that the second outlet is closed; the second state is the first flow port moving to a position where the first outlet is closed and the second flow port moving to a position where the second outlet is open; the third state is the first flow port moving to a position that closes the first outlet and the second flow port moving to a position that closes the second outlet.

11. The nucleic acid extraction apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the control valve further comprises: the elastic element comprises a first limiting part, a second limiting part, a third limiting part, a limiting part and an elastic element; the limiting part and the elastic element are respectively embedded in the outlet cover, and the limiting part is arranged at the end part of the elastic element and pushed to the first limiting part, the second limiting part and the third limiting part by the elastic element, so that the limiting part is correspondingly clamped with one of the first state, the second state and the third state.