CN209923021U - Ecological pond system for preventing and controlling agricultural non-point source pollution - Google Patents
Ecological pond system for preventing and controlling agricultural non-point source pollution Download PDFInfo
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- CN209923021U CN209923021U CN201920569700.0U CN201920569700U CN209923021U CN 209923021 U CN209923021 U CN 209923021U CN 201920569700 U CN201920569700 U CN 201920569700U CN 209923021 U CN209923021 U CN 209923021U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a hinder ecological pond system of accuse agricultural non-point source pollution, including ecological irrigation canals and ditches, overflow weir, ecological pond, connect the canal and irritate row pump station, ecological irrigation canals and ditches are arranged between the farmland, and the overflow weir arranges in ecological irrigation canals and ditches low reaches, and ecological pond sets up in the both sides of ecological irrigation canals and ditches, utilizes first connection canal to be connected ecological pond upper reaches with ecological irrigation canals and ditches, and the second is connected the canal and is connected ecological pond and irritate the pump station front pool of arranging the pump station and be connected, irritates row pump station and is located the low reaches. The utility model discloses utilized rural current situation irrigation canals and ditches, pool and pump station, not newly-increased area can effectively promote the interception purifying power of pollutant under flood season and the non-flood season condition.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an ecological remediation technique, concretely relates to hinder accuse agricultural non-point source pollution's ecological pond system.
Background
In vast rural areas, agricultural non-point source pollution is an important source of water environment pollution, and agricultural irrigation tail water, rural domestic sewage and distributed livestock and poultry breeding wastewater are directly discharged into rural irrigation and drainage ditches without treatment or are merged into water bodies of a receiving river channel and a lake reservoir through a surface runoff process to cause pollution of organic pollution, eutrophication and the like of the water bodies. The point source treatment in cities and towns in China is gradually comprehensive, agricultural non-point source pollution becomes a main factor for worsening the river water environment, irrigation and drainage pump stations distributed on two sides of a rural river channel also become main discharge ports for farmland non-point source pollutants entering a river, and no effective treatment measures are available for the irrigation and drainage pump stations entering the river discharge ports at present.
Common measures for agricultural non-point source pollution treatment include a pre-reservoir technology, an ecological pond technology, an artificial wetland technology and the like. The technology mainly carries out enhanced purification and advanced treatment on the pollutants, mainly nitrogen and phosphorus, by ecological modification and function enhancement of the existing pond or additional construction of ecological engineering and by utilizing the combined action of physics, chemistry and biology, so that the nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants in the planting area are removed to the maximum extent. The technologies are mostly suitable for the conditions of non-flood season and small rainfall, and can obtain a good treatment effect for the condition of stable water quantity, but the problems of overlarge water quantity, insufficient treatment time, system washout and the like often occur under the condition of the rainy season and the flood season, and the treatment effect is unstable in practical application; even if the water body treated by the measures is discharged through the existing drainage channel and the pump station, the water body is secondarily merged into the peripheral pollutants, so that the water quality of the water outlets of the projects such as the preposed reservoir, the wetland and the like is better, but the water quality of the river mouth of the irrigation and drainage pump station is poorer, and the agricultural non-point source cannot be effectively controlled.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that, overcome the defect that prior art exists, provide an usable current drainage pumping station and rural current pool, hinder the leading ecological pond system of row's of irritating pump station of accuse agricultural non-point source pollution.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a technical scheme is: an ecological pond system for preventing and controlling agricultural non-point source pollution comprises an ecological ditch, overflow weirs, ecological ponds, connecting channels and irrigation and drainage pump stations, wherein the ecological ditch is arranged between farmlands, the overflow weirs are arranged at the downstream of the ecological ditch, the ecological ponds are arranged at two sides of the ecological ditch, the upstream of the ecological pond is connected with the ecological ditch by using first connecting channels, the ecological pond and a pump station front pond of the irrigation and drainage pump stations are connected by using second connecting channels, and the irrigation and drainage pump stations are positioned at the downstream or the rear end of the ecological pond.
The ecological pond is formed by modifying a current situation pit pond, a first type of aquatic plants are planted in the ecological pond, fishes and benthos are cultured in the ecological pond, and the first type of aquatic plants are at least one of emergent aquatic plants and aquatic plants with a water quality purification function.
The bottom of the ecological pond is structurally characterized in that: the soil compacting layer, the clay impermeable layer and the gravel layer are arranged on the soil compacting layer, the diameter of the gravel is 70-100mm, a second-stage platform is arranged under the normal water level, and first-class aquatic plants are planted on the second-stage platform.
The slope ratio of the side slope of the ecological pond is greater than 1: 3; and the pond effluent enters the irrigation and drainage pump station through a second connecting channel and is discharged into the river channel.
The emergent aquatic plant is reed, cattail, cane shoot or arrowhead; the fish is at least one of grass carp and silver carp; the benthos is at least one of snail or mussel.
The ecological ditch is a reconstruction of a current farmland irrigation and drainage ditch, the upper stream or two sides of the ecological ditch are farmlands, and an overflow weir is arranged in a downstream ditch; the ecological ditch adopts hollow hexagonal precast concrete piece bank protection in the ditch wall of ecological ditch both sides, and the prefabricated piece adopts "S" type crisscross mode to arrange, and the hexagon is hollow in the middle of reserving, plants second class aquatic plant, lays the gravel at the bottom of the ditch to plant second class aquatic plant, second class aquatic plant is planted for two kinds at least in the grass of swordlike sweetclover, cress or cattail in turn.
The overflow weir is the stone masonry structure, and height 0.5 ~ 1.5m sets up in the position that ecological irrigation canals and ditches are close to ecological pond import, and the overflow weir is upstream and downstream 5m within range all adopts the riprap bottom protection, intercepts leading-in ecological pond of farmland drainage and handles the back, discharges by the pump station of irritating again, reduces the pollutant concentration who discharges into the river course from the pump station.
The first connecting channel and the second connecting channel are of soil structures, and the first connecting channel is arranged close to the upstream of the overflow weir and is in crossed connection with the ecological ditch; and the slope ratio of the first connecting channel to the second connecting channel is more than 1:3, a third type of aquatic plant resisting flooding and hygrophyte is planted on the side slope, and the third type of aquatic plant is bermuda grass, tall fescue or dwarf lilyturf tuber.
The utility model has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses utilized rural current situation irrigation canals and ditches, pool and pump station, reformed transform it, not newly-increased area can effectively promote the interception purifying power of pollutant under flood season and the non-flood season condition. The ecological pond can become a pump station forebay with the storage and stagnation purification capacity in the flood season (rainy season), so that the scale of the pump station forebay is enlarged, the retention time of a large amount of incoming water in the rainy season is delayed, and the purification capacity of the system is enhanced; in the non-flood season (dry season), the drainage of the farmland can be comprehensively intercepted and purified, and the pumping station is utilized to recharge the farmland, so that the water discharge is reduced. Therefore, before farmland drainage enters a river channel, a complete system for preventing and controlling non-point source pollution is constructed, the facility investment cost is saved, and the popularization and the application are easy.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the ecological pond system for preventing and controlling agricultural non-point source pollution.
Fig. 2 is the utility model discloses prevent leading ecological pond structure chart of pump station of ecological pond system of accuse agricultural non-point source pollution.
FIG. 3 is the ecological ditch structure diagram of the ecological pond system for preventing and controlling the agricultural non-point source pollution
Fig. 4 is a structure diagram of the overflow weir of the ecological pond system for preventing and controlling agricultural non-point source pollution.
Fig. 5 is a structure view of the connecting channel of the ecological pond system for preventing and controlling agricultural non-point source pollution.
In the figure: 1-ecological ditch, 2-overflow weir, 3-ecological pond, 4-first connecting channel, 24-second connecting channel, 5-irrigation and drainage pump station, 6-first aquatic plant, 16-second aquatic plant, 26-third aquatic plant, 7-soil ramming layer, 8-clay impermeable layer, 9-gravel layer, 10-ecological pond inner secondary terrace, 11-ecological ditch hollow hexagonal precast concrete block slope protection, 12-overflow weir stone throwing bottom protection, 13-external river channel, 14-farmland.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the utility model discloses an ecological pond system of hindering accuse agricultural non-point source pollution, including ecological irrigation canals and ditches 1, overflow weir 2, ecological pond 3, connect the canal and irritate row pump station 5, ecological irrigation canals and ditches 1 arrange between the farmland, overflow weir 2 arranges in ecological irrigation canals and ditches 1 low reaches, ecological pond 3 sets up in ecological irrigation canals and ditches 1's both sides, utilizes first connection canal 4 to be connected ecological pond 3 upper reaches with ecological irrigation canals and ditches 1, the second is connected the canal 24 and is connected ecological pond 3 low reaches and irritate row pump station 5's pump station front pool, irritates row pump station 5 and is located ecological pond 3 low reaches or rear.
As shown in fig. 2, the ecological pond 3 is formed by modifying a current pool, the ecological pond 3 is full of first-class aquatic plants 6, the ecological pond 3 is used for stocking fishes and benthic organisms, and the first-class aquatic plants 6 are at least one of emergent aquatic plants and aquatic plants with a water quality purification function.
The bottom of the ecological pond is structurally characterized in that: the soil compacting layer 7, the clay impermeable layer 8 and the gravel layer 9, the diameter of the gravel is 70-100mm, the second stage terrace 10 is arranged under the normal water level, and the first type of aquatic plants 6 are planted.
The slope ratio of the side slope of the ecological pond is greater than 1: 3; the pond effluent enters the irrigation and drainage pump station 5 through a second connecting channel 24 and is drained into the river channel 13.
The emergent aquatic plant is reed, cattail, cane shoot or arrowhead; the fish is at least one of grass carp and silver carp; the benthos is at least one of snail or mussel.
As shown in fig. 3, the ecological ditch 1 is a current farmland irrigation and drainage channel reconstruction, a farmland 14 is arranged at the upstream or two sides of the ecological ditch, and an overflow weir 2 is arranged in a downstream ditch; the ecological ditch adopts hollow hexagonal precast concrete piece bank protection 11 in both sides ditch wall, and the prefabricated piece adopts "S" type crisscross mode to arrange, reserves the hexagon in the middle and is hollow, plants second class aquatic plant 16, lays gravel 9 at the bottom of the ditch to plant second class aquatic plant 16, second class aquatic plant 16 is for two kind at least alternate planting in grass of swordlike rockfish, cress or cattail.
As shown in fig. 4, the overflow weir 2 is of a stone masonry structure, the height of the overflow weir is 0.5-1.5 m, the overflow weir is arranged at the position, close to the inlet of the ecological pond 3, of the ecological ditch 1, the stone-throwing bottom protection 12 is adopted within the range of 5m above and below the overflow weir, farmland drainage is intercepted and guided into the ecological pond 3 for treatment, and then the farmland drainage is discharged by the irrigation and drainage pump station 5, so that the concentration of pollutants discharged into a river channel 13 from the pump station is reduced.
As shown in fig. 5, the first connecting channel 4 and the second connecting channel 24 are of a soil structure, and the first connecting channel 4 is arranged immediately upstream of the overflow weir 2 and is in crossing connection with the ecological ditch 1; the slope ratio of the first connecting channel 4 to the second connecting channel 24 is more than 1:3, a third type of aquatic plant 26 resistant to flooding and hygrophyte is planted on the side slope, and the third type of aquatic plant 26 is bermuda grass, tall fescue, dwarf lilyturf tuber and the like.
The second stage platform 10 is generally arranged at 0.5m below the normal water level, the size of the precast concrete block of the hollow hexagonal precast concrete block revetment 11 is 350 x 300mm,
specifically, the ecological ditch of the utility model is formed by transforming a current situation farmland irrigation and drainage ditch, the upper reaches of the ecological ditch are used for bearing farmland drainage, and the lower reaches are connected with an ecological pond; the overflow weir is arranged in the ecological ditch and used for intercepting and guiding water in the ditch into the ecological pond, and when the water amount is large in a flood season, the drained water can overflow the overflow weir and is directly drained into a pump station; the ecological pond is formed by modifying a rural current situation pit pond, the front end of the ecological pond is connected with an ecological ditch, and the rear end of the ecological pond is connected with a pump station front pond; the irrigation and drainage pump station utilizes the current rural irrigation and drainage pump station, and the drainage purified by the ecological pond is drained into a river channel by the irrigation and drainage pump station. The utility model discloses ecological pond system, the high nitrogen phosphorus loaded drainage in farmland, after ecological irrigation canals and ditches carry out primary purification, get into ecological pond by the interception of overflow weir, stop in ecological pond, the suspended solid is stood still and is precipitated in the water, the ecological pond of pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus is different in the place of depth of water, take place aerobic, facultative and anaerobic reaction, and under the combined action of aquatic plant, fish and microorganism, the pollutant degrades, water quality improves; and finally, discharging the sewage into a river channel through the existing irrigation and drainage pump station.
The ecological ditch structure adopts hollow hexagonal precast concrete piece bank protection at channel both sides trench wall, and the prefabricated section adopts "S" type crisscross mode to arrange, utilizes the corridor principle to according to conventional aquatic plant minimum growth area, reserve the hexagon in the middle of the prefabricated section and empty, plant such as cress, swordlike spear grass of planting, lay 10cm gravel at the bottom of the ditch, and plant aquatic plant, can effectively slow down the velocity of flow, play the effect of intercepting suspended solid content (SS) in the water.
The overflow weir is built in the ecological ditch, the weir body adopts the stone masonry structure, and the overflow weir upstream and downstream all adopts the riprap bottom protection. The farmland drainage is intercepted and guided into the ecological pond to be treated, and then is discharged by the drainage pump station, so that the concentration of pollutants discharged into a river channel from the pump station is reduced.
The bottom of the ecological pond is structurally characterized in that: tamping plain soil and forming a clay anti-seepage layer. And arranging a secondary platform field below the normal water level, and planting aquatic plants, wherein the aquatic plants mainly comprise emergent aquatic plants such as reed, cattail, cane shoot, arrowhead and the like. The slope ratio of the side slope of the ecological pond is more than 1:3, and the pond effluent enters a pump station front pool through a channel and then is discharged into a receiving water body by a filling and discharging pump station.
The connecting channel is a newly excavated soil channel, the width of the channel is set according to the water inflow requirement, and water-flooding resistant hygrophytes such as bermuda grass, tall fescue, dwarf lilyturf tuber and the like are planted on the soil slope. The connecting channel plays a role in connecting the ecological ditch with the ecological pond and the ecological pond with the pump station forebay.
In the actual operation process, the scale of the front pool of the irrigation and drainage pump station is enlarged by the ecological pond, all upstream incoming water can be guided into the ecological pond for purification treatment in the periods of small rainfall and high pollutant concentration in the non-flood period, and the phenomenon that the outlet water is converged again due to long-distance drainage channels can be effectively avoided; in the period of large water volume in the flood season, the flood can be regulated, stored and purified through the ecological pond and then discharged, a large number of non-point sources in the flood season can be reduced and directly connected into a river, pollutants discharged through a pump station are obviously reduced, and the flood drainage capacity of a farmland in the flood season is not influenced.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to implement the present invention accordingly, the scope of the present invention should not be limited by the embodiment, that is, all equivalent changes or modifications made by the spirit of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an ecological pond system of prevention and control agricultural non-point source pollution, including ecological irrigation canals and ditches (1), overflow weir (2), ecological pond (3), connect the canal and irritate and arrange pump station (5), a serial communication port, ecological irrigation canals and ditches (1) are arranged between the farmland, overflow weir (2) are arranged in ecological irrigation canals and ditches (1) low reaches, ecological pond (3) set up in the both sides of ecological irrigation canals and ditches (1), utilize first connection canal (4) to be connected ecological pond (3) upper reaches and ecological irrigation canals and ditches (1), second connection canal (24) are connected ecological pond (3) and the pump station front pool of irritating row pump station (5) and are connected, irritate and arrange pump station (5) and be located the low reaches or the rear end of.
2. The ecological pond system for preventing and controlling agricultural non-point source pollution according to claim 1, wherein the ecological pond (3) is formed by modifying a current-situation pond, a first type of aquatic plants (6) are planted in the ecological pond (3), fishes and benthic organisms are cultured in the ecological pond (3), and the first type of aquatic plants (6) are at least one of emergent aquatic plants and aquatic plants with a water quality purification function.
3. The ecological pond system for preventing and controlling agricultural non-point source pollution according to claim 2, wherein the bottom of the ecological pond is in a bottom-up structure: the soil-compacting layer (7), the clay impermeable layer (8) and the gravel layer (9), the diameter of the gravel is 70-100mm, the second-stage terrace (10) is arranged under the normal water level, and the first-class aquatic plants (6) are planted on the second-stage terrace (10).
4. The ecological pond system for preventing and controlling agricultural non-point source pollution according to claim 3, wherein the slope ratio of the ecological pond side slope is greater than 1: 3; the pond outlet water enters the irrigation and drainage pump station (5) through a second connecting channel (24) and is discharged into the river channel (13).
5. The ecological pond system for preventing and controlling agricultural non-point source pollution according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the emergent aquatic plant is reed, cattail, cane shoot or arrowhead; the fish is at least one of grass carp and silver carp; the benthos is at least one of snail or mussel.
6. The ecological pond system for preventing and controlling agricultural non-point source pollution according to claim 1, wherein the ecological ditch (1) is a current farmland irrigation and drainage channel reconstruction, a farmland (14) is arranged at the upstream or two sides of the ecological ditch, and an overflow weir (2) is arranged in a downstream ditch; the ecological ditch adopts hollow hexagonal precast concrete piece bank protection (11) in both sides trench wall, and the prefabricated piece adopts "S" type crisscross mode to arrange, and the centre is reserved the hexagon and is hollow, plants second class aquatic plant (16), lays gravel layer (9) at the bottom of the ditch to plant second class aquatic plant (16), and second class aquatic plant (16) are two kind at least alternate planting in swordlike spearhead grass, cress or cattail.
7. The ecological pond system for preventing and controlling agricultural non-point source pollution according to claim 1, wherein the overflow weir (2) is of a stone masonry structure, the height of the overflow weir is 0.5-1.5 m, the overflow weir is arranged at a position, close to an inlet of the ecological pond (3), of the ecological ditch (1), a stone throwing bottom protection (12) is adopted within 5m of the upstream and downstream of the overflow weir, farmland drainage is intercepted and guided into the ecological pond (3) for treatment, and then the farmland drainage is discharged by a drainage pump station (5), so that the concentration of pollutants discharged into a river channel (13) from the pump station is reduced.
8. The ecological pond system for preventing and controlling agricultural non-point source pollution according to claim 1, characterized in that the first connecting channel (4) and the second connecting channel (24) are of a soil structure, the first connecting channel (4) is arranged immediately upstream of the overflow weir (2) and is in intersecting connection with the ecological channel (1); the slope ratio of the first connecting channel (4) to the second connecting channel (24) is more than 1:3, a third type of aquatic plant (26) resisting flooding and hygrophyte is planted on the side slope, and the third type of aquatic plant (26) is bermuda grass, tall fescue or dwarf lilyturf tuber.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920569700.0U CN209923021U (en) | 2019-04-24 | 2019-04-24 | Ecological pond system for preventing and controlling agricultural non-point source pollution |
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| CN201920569700.0U CN209923021U (en) | 2019-04-24 | 2019-04-24 | Ecological pond system for preventing and controlling agricultural non-point source pollution |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109912040A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-06-21 | 中水北方勘测设计研究有限责任公司 | The ecology pond systems of preventing and controlling agricultural area source pollution |
| CN111115974A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-05-08 | 岭南水务集团有限公司 | Pond wetland system |
| CN113897924A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-01-07 | 广西大学 | Ecological pollution-reduction drainage ditch construction method for preventing ditch wall soil loss |
-
2019
- 2019-04-24 CN CN201920569700.0U patent/CN209923021U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109912040A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-06-21 | 中水北方勘测设计研究有限责任公司 | The ecology pond systems of preventing and controlling agricultural area source pollution |
| CN111115974A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-05-08 | 岭南水务集团有限公司 | Pond wetland system |
| CN113897924A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-01-07 | 广西大学 | Ecological pollution-reduction drainage ditch construction method for preventing ditch wall soil loss |
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