CN209918751U - Infrared photoelectric controller for punching equipment - Google Patents
Infrared photoelectric controller for punching equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN209918751U CN209918751U CN201920373806.3U CN201920373806U CN209918751U CN 209918751 U CN209918751 U CN 209918751U CN 201920373806 U CN201920373806 U CN 201920373806U CN 209918751 U CN209918751 U CN 209918751U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an infrared photoelectric controller for punching equipment, which comprises an astable multivibrator circuit of a sending circuit, an electro-optic modulation circuit, a photoelectric conversion circuit of a receiving part, a frequency selection circuit, a preamplification circuit, a resistance-capacitance output circuit, a current amplification circuit, a detection and filter circuit, a relay drive circuit and a motor drive circuit; the astable multivibrator circuit of the transmitting circuit modulates the light of the electro-optical modulation circuit; the photoelectric conversion circuit of the receiving part converts the infrared light modulated by the oscillation waveform into an electric signal, the frequency selection circuit filters interference, the 1khz electric signal is amplified by the preamplification circuit and amplified by the current amplification circuit through the resistance-capacitance coupling circuit, a low level is obtained through the detection and filtering circuit, the transistor Q1 is cut off, the relay does not act, the punch normally operates, otherwise, if the light is blocked, the relay acts, the punch stops working, and the damage of the punching equipment to a human body is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a technology of infrared photoelectric controller for punching equipment, which is used for solving the problem of the damage of the punching equipment to human body, and designs a set of infrared photoelectric controller for most punching equipment or other mechanical equipment, wherein a transmitting circuit is an astable multivibrator mainly composed of two symmetrical transistors and a peripheral circuit, and an infrared luminotron transmits modulated light; the receiving circuit comprises a photoelectric receiving circuit, a frequency selecting circuit, a pre-amplifying circuit, a resistance-capacitance output circuit, a current amplifying circuit, a detection and filter circuit, a relay drive circuit, a motor drive circuit and the like; if the light curtain sensor is adopted, the preamplification circuit is replaced by an operational amplifier, and the detected signal is input into a non-gate control relay through a relay 8 to act.
Background
Some private entrepreneurs are not enough to obtain greater economic benefit, and have serious investment in the aspect of safety of certain mechanical equipment which can cause serious injury to human bodies, for example, most of mechanical equipment such as common punching machines, mechanical pressing machines, hydraulic pressing machines, film pressing machines, plate shearing machines, industrial manipulators and packaging equipment, if certain measures are not taken for protecting human bodies, the measures are extremely dangerous, for example, when manual feeding and material taking are carried out, continuous punching or misoperation occurs on the punching machines, and hand injury and finger injury accidents of human bodies are possibly caused.
It is statistical that accidents that cause serious injuries to human bodies due to design defects of mechanical equipment or deliberate reduction of configuration for reducing early investment are rare, and each injury accident is a serious attack to individual or even family happy life.
The infrared photoelectric controller can be matched with the stamping equipment, the personal safety of an operator can be protected, the safety accident caused by improper operation or machine failure in the production process can be avoided, and the safety accident can be prevented and the loss can be reduced by installing the photoelectric controller; meanwhile, good economic benefits and social benefits can be brought to the company, dangers of operators and third parties are avoided, and safety accidents are reduced.
The infrared photoelectric controller can also be used for multi-area protection or theft prevention.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a simple structure, low in cost, use reliable, thereby can be convenient whether blockked the decision through detecting infrared light and stop the protective apparatus of punch press work.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an infrared photoelectric controller for a stamping apparatus, which includes an astable multivibrator circuit of an emitting portion, an electro-optical modulation circuit; the receiving part comprises a photoelectric conversion circuit, a frequency selection circuit, a pre-amplification circuit, a resistance-capacitance output circuit, a current amplification circuit, a detection and filter circuit, a relay drive circuit and a motor drive circuit; the astable multivibrator circuit of the said transmitting circuit is formed by transistor Q1, Q2 and peripheral circuit, its 1khz oscillation waveform produced modulates the light of the said electro-optical modulation circuit, 12V supplies power, resistance R4, luminotron D3, C-E pole of the transistor Q2, work and connect in series sequentially and form the said electro-optical modulation circuit; the 12V power supply, the resistor R8, the photoelectric tube D8 and the photoelectric conversion circuit which is operatively connected in series in sequence to form the receiving part convert infrared light modulated by a transmitting end oscillation waveform into an electric signal, the R7 is connected with the C6 to form the frequency selection circuit to filter out electric signals corresponding to other interference light rays, the 1khz electric signal is amplified by the pre-amplification circuit formed by the transistors Q3, Q4 and the feedback resistor R5, the amplified signal enters the common emitter amplifier formed by the transistor Q2 through the resistance-capacitance coupling circuit formed by the C5 and the R3 to be subjected to current amplification, the amplified signal obtains a low level through the wave detection and filter circuit formed by the wave detection tube D5, the capacitors C2 and the C3, the low level causes the transistor Q1 of the relay driving circuit to be cut off, the relay is not operated, and the punch press normally operates; if the light is blocked, the corresponding signal level of the receiving part circuit is reversed, the relay acts, and the punch stops working.
The preamplifier circuit constitutes a negative feedback amplifier circuit with a feedback resistor, an electric signal after frequency selection is input from the base of a transistor Q4, the collector of a transistor Q4 is connected with the base of a transistor Q3, an amplified signal is output from the emitter of a transistor Q3, and the feedback resistor R5 is connected between the emitter of a transistor Q3 and the emitter of a transistor Q4.
In the detection and filter circuit, a collector output signal of an amplifier Q2 is simultaneously connected with a non-ground end of a filter capacitor C3 and the anode of a detection tube D5, and the cathode of D5 is connected with a non-ground end of a capacitor C2 and the base of a transistor Q1.
Drawings
Fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, fig. 5, fig. 6, fig. 7, and fig. 8 are provided to further understand the present invention, and form a part of the present application, and fig. 1 is a block diagram of an infrared photoelectric controller according to the present invention; fig. 2 is a photoelectric controller transmission circuit designed by the utility model. Fig. 3 is a receiving circuit of the photoelectric controller designed by the present invention. Fig. 4 is a partial mounting diagram of a receiver circuit and a transmitter circuit according to the present invention; fig. 5 is one of the practical applications of the photoelectric controller of the present invention: an object counting application; fig. 6 shows a second practical application of the photoelectric controller of the present invention: warehouse alarm application; FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an infrared emitter tube of an emitter circuit in a light curtain sensor application; fig. 8 is a block diagram of a receiving circuit in a light curtain sensor application according to a further innovative design of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Electric principle of infrared photoelectric controller
The photoelectric controller is a detection control device with wide application, and can be used for photoelectric detection, counting, speed measurement and the like. The light source controlled by photoelectricity is as follows: incandescent lamp and gallium arsenide light emitting diode, and each has its characteristics.
The incandescent lamp is visible light, is low in price, but has a large beam divergence angle and a wide light wavelength range, is easily interfered by sunlight and other light sources to generate false operation if being used for photoelectric control, and has the characteristics of high light-emitting temperature, short service life and the like; the gallium arsenide light emitting diode is a novel solid infrared light source, the light emitting wavelength range of the gallium arsenide light emitting diode is narrow (invisible light),beam divergence angle 25。The LED lamp has the advantages of easy adjustment, high use efficiency, low power consumption, long service life and stable performance, and is gradually used for replacing incandescent lamp light sources.
In practical application, the light source is modulated to 1kHz, emits near infrared light close to 0.03 micrometer, and is received by a receiver with the same frequency, so that interference of other astigmatism is prevented, and the stability and the reliability of the light source are improved.
Based on the above theory, the infrared photoelectric controller has a block diagram as shown in fig. 1.
The principle of the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit of the optoelectronic controller will be described in detail below.
Infrared photoelectric controller transmitting circuit
Infrared photoelectric controller transmission circuit as shown in fig. 2, it can be seen that two symmetrical transistors Q are mainly used1、Q2And an astable multivibrator consisting of peripheral circuit for generating 1kHz oscillation signal via current limiting resistor R4Providing appropriate sending current, and finally providing the infrared light-emitting diode D3The electro-optical modulation circuit is used for transmitting and simultaneously enabling the transistor Q2The light component of the LED connected to the collector adds an oscillating signal current, a process called oscillating signal modulation of the light.
The low-voltage power supply is directly performed by the 220V AC power frequency voltage of the machine tool or the punch press, the voltage is reduced by the transformer B, and the diode D1、D2Formed circuit full wave rectification, capacitance C1Filter, resistance RzAnd a voltage regulator diode DzThe voltage stabilizing circuit stabilizes voltage, outputs 12V stable direct current voltage and provides working power supply for the multivibrator circuit and the transmitting circuit of the photoelectric transmitting circuit.
In practical application, the current-limiting resistor R connected with the infrared light-emitting tube4The working current in the range allowed by the power consumption of the tube is as large as possible, the actual working maximum current is 250mA, but the oscillation pulse width potential is necessarily narrow and is about 30vS, so the oscillation frequency is determined to be 1 kHz.
Infrared light emitting diode D3Effective range and transmission ofThe power is in direct proportion, a 5GL series infrared light-emitting tube is selected, the maximum forward working current of the infrared light-emitting tube is 70mA, the pulse forward current can reach 875mA, and the effective range of the infrared light-emitting tube is larger than 5m under the condition that a lens is additionally arranged.
Receiving circuit of infrared photoelectric controller
The receiving circuit part of the infrared photoelectric controller is mainly used for receiving, frequency selecting, amplifying and detecting 1kHz infrared light and finally controlling the operation of a motor of the stamping equipment, and simultaneously needs to play a role in attenuating or blocking other frequency light sources, and the receiving circuit is composed of a photoelectric receiving circuit, a frequency selecting circuit, a pre-amplification circuit, a resistance-capacitance output circuit, a current amplification circuit, a detection and filtering circuit, a relay driving circuit, a motor driving circuit and the like as shown in figure 3.
Under normal working condition, the pulse light signal emitted from the infrared luminotron passes through the photoelectric tube D8Conversion into pulsed electrical signals, corresponding to modulation of the electro-optical signal of the transmitting circuit, D8Is called demodulation, and then passes through a resistor R7And a capacitor C6The formed resistance-capacitance frequency-selective network reserves the 1kHz oscillation signal, and the electric signals formed by other light sources are blocked, so that the accuracy and the sensitivity of the photoelectric controller are improved.
Transistor Q3、Q4And a resistance R5The 1kHz pulse signal passing through the frequency selection circuit is amplified by forming a voltage parallel negative feedback amplification circuit, the process is generally called pre-amplification and passes through C5、R3The formed resistor-capacitor coupling output circuit is fed into the transistor Q2The output signal of the common emitter amplifier is in phase opposition to the input signal, and is therefore detected by a detector D5Capacitor C2、C3The combined detection and filter circuit outputs a negative voltage to drive the transistor Q of the relay1And when the punching equipment is cut off, the relay J cannot act, the contact keeps the original state, the contact of the contactor C keeps the combined state continuously, and the punching equipment works normally.
Once foreign body including human body blocks infrared beam, photoelectric tube D8I.e. no pulse output, in the transistor Q1On the base electrodeThere is no negative cut-off voltage, Q1Can be selected from the bias resistor R2And a wave detecting tube D5Obtain a positive voltage, Q1And when the punching equipment is in a saturated conduction state, the relay J acts immediately, the normally closed contact is disconnected, the contactor C loses power and is disconnected, and the punching equipment is powered off and stops working, so that the human body is protected from being damaged.
Composed of a composite transistor Q3、Q4And a resistance R5The voltage parallel negative feedback amplifying circuit is formed, and a common collector amplifying circuit is actually formed, wherein the common collector amplifier has the characteristics of high input resistance and very small output resistance, so that the photoelectric receiving circuit has the characteristics of high sensitivity and good anti-interference performance.
In fig. 3, the led is a common light emitting tube, and is mounted on the panel of the receiving bracket to serve as an indication for the energization of the relay J, and when the relay is engaged, the led should emit light to indicate.
Fabrication and debugging
(1) In order to improve the anti-interference performance of the shell, the transmitting circuit and the receiving circuit are respectively sealed in two metal shell boxes with the same shape, the lens and the respective circuit board can be arranged in the box shown in figure 4, and a power line is welded.
(2) The lens can be an existing lens, the focal length is 32mm, when the lens is shot to the lens sheet according to the divergence angle of 25 ℃ of the light-emitting tube, a circular light spot with the diameter close to phi 20 falls on the lens sheet, and the control distance can reach 2-5 m.
(3) Debugging
1) The emitting part was fabricated with a circuit board according to FIG. 2, the power was turned on, and the light emitting tube D was observed with an oscilloscope3The waveforms at two ends should be pulse waveforms under normal conditions, and if no waveform appears, the resistance R can be measured by a universal meter4The voltage of 0.5V should be applied to the two ends, if no voltage exists, the polarity of the infrared light-emitting tube is detected to be correct, and a universal meter can be used for correcting the polarity by detecting a common diode.
2) A receiving part for aligning the adjusted emitting light source to the receiving part to be debugged, and observing R in FIG. 3 with an oscilloscope4At both ends, should have a pulse shape, e.g.If the waveform amplitude is too small, the light source can be moved up and down and left and right, so that the light emitting tube, the lens and the photoelectric tube are on the same optical axis.
Because the non-perpendicularity of the lens device and the light source of the light-emitting tube are not parallel to the horizontal, sometimes the best state of alignment is not necessarily on the geometric straight line observed by the naked eye.
Other applications
The infrared photoelectric controller is matched with a counter for use, can automatically count objects on respective flowing lines, can be used as a photoelectric switch, and is widely applied to various purposes such as human body safety protection, rotating speed measurement, paper film damage detection, smoke alarm, object displacement (such as plate materials, paper fixed-length cutting, liquid level control and the like), automatic program control and the like in industries such as metallurgy, chemical engineering, machinery, manufacturing, textile papermaking and the like.
Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the counting of objects on a belt.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of warehouse alarm, which can be controlled by infrared light without day and night, and has no light interference and strong concealment, so it is an ideal alarm device.
It can be seen from the above description that the present design only uses one infrared light emitter and one corresponding photoelectric receiver, so there may be blind areas in the practical process, i.e. because the light is too narrow to detect that the human body has entered the dangerous area, at this moment, a light curtain sensor may be adopted, one side of the light curtain is installed with a plurality of infrared transmitting tubes at equal intervals, the other side is corresponding to the same number of infrared receiving tubes arranged in the same way, each infrared transmitting tube corresponds to one corresponding infrared receiving tube, and is installed on the same straight line.
The working principle of the light curtain sensor is equivalent to the joint work of a plurality of infrared photoelectric controllers designed in the prior art, when no barrier exists between any pair of infrared transmitting tubes and infrared receiving tubes on the same straight line, the modulation signals (optical signals) sent by the infrared transmitting tubes can smoothly reach the infrared receiving tubes, and the stamping equipment works normally; if only one pair of photoelectric controllers cannot receive light rays from the corresponding photoelectric tubes, the alarm is given immediately and the power supply of the stamping equipment is cut off.
The design is slightly modified to realize the above assumption, in the receiving circuits of a plurality of photoelectric controllers, as long as the control level output by each detection circuit is input into a corresponding number of NAND gate circuits, if a pair of photoelectric controllers can not normally receive light, the NAND gate is controlled to output high level to trigger the action of the relay circuit, so as to implement protection and alarm, namely the relay control circuit is shared by any pair of photoelectric controllers of the light curtain sensor. As for the transmitting circuit, the transmitting tube D3The replacement can be realized by a plurality of transmitting tubes, the power is insufficient, and an amplifier can be added to increase the transmitting power.
For the light curtain sensor application, if there are 8 pairs of infrared photoelectric controllers, the infrared transmitting tube of the transmitting circuit is shown in fig. 7.
Similarly, in the receiving circuit, 8 photoelectric tubes are used to receive light, and two four-operational amplifiers such as LM324 are used to replace the transistor Q3、Q4And each output of the 8 operational amplifiers is connected with a respective detection and filter circuit, and then is connected with an 8-input NAND gate consisting of two four-input NAND gates and a two-input OR gate to detect the optical signals, and as long as one photoelectric signal is abnormal, the input of the NAND gate is '0', the output of the NAND gate is '1', the output of the OR gate is '1', a relay trigger circuit is driven to be switched on, the relay acts, and the punch stops working.
If all the light curtains work normally, all the NAND gates output 0, the OR gate outputs 0, the relay does not act, and the punch continues to work normally. As shown in fig. 8.
Claims (3)
1. Infrared photoelectric controller for punching equipment, characterized by: the infrared photoelectric controller comprises an astable multivibrator circuit of a transmitting circuit and an electro-optical modulation circuit; the receiving part comprises a photoelectric conversion circuit, a frequency selection circuit, a pre-amplification circuit, a resistance-capacitance output circuit, a current amplification circuit, a detection and filter circuit, a relay drive circuit and a motor drive circuit; the astable multivibrator circuit of the said transmitting circuit is formed by transistor Q1, Q2 and peripheral circuit, its 1khz oscillation waveform produced modulates the light of the said electro-optical modulation circuit, 12V supplies power, resistance R4, luminotron D3, C-E pole of the transistor Q2, work and connect in series sequentially and form the said electro-optical modulation circuit; the 12V power supply, the resistor R8, the photoelectric tube D8 and the photoelectric conversion circuit which is operatively connected in series in sequence to form the receiving part convert infrared light modulated by a transmitting end oscillation waveform into an electric signal, the R7 is connected with the C6 to form the frequency selection circuit to filter out electric signals corresponding to other interference light rays, the 1khz electric signal is amplified by the pre-amplification circuit formed by the transistors Q3, Q4 and the feedback resistor R5, the amplified signal enters the common emitter amplifier formed by the transistor Q2 through the resistance-capacitance coupling circuit formed by the C5 and the R3 to be subjected to current amplification, the amplified signal obtains a low level through the wave detection and filter circuit formed by the wave detection tube D5, the capacitors C2 and the C3, the low level causes the transistor Q1 of the relay driving circuit to be cut off, the relay is not operated, and the punch press normally operates; if the light is blocked, the corresponding signal level of the receiving part circuit is reversed, the relay acts, and the punch stops working.
2. Infrared optoelectronic controller usable in punching devices according to claim 1, characterized by: the preamplifier circuit constitutes a negative feedback amplifier circuit with a feedback resistor, an electric signal after frequency selection is input from the base of a transistor Q4, the collector of a transistor Q4 is connected with the base of a transistor Q3, an amplified signal is output from the emitter of a transistor Q3, and the feedback resistor R5 is connected between the emitter of a transistor Q3 and the emitter of a transistor Q4.
3. Infrared optoelectronic controller usable in punching devices according to claim 1, characterized by: in the detection and filter circuit, a collector output signal of an amplifier Q2 is simultaneously connected with a non-ground end of a filter capacitor C3 and the anode of a detection tube D5, and the cathode of D5 is connected with a non-ground end of a capacitor C2 and the base of a transistor Q1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920373806.3U CN209918751U (en) | 2019-03-22 | 2019-03-22 | Infrared photoelectric controller for punching equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920373806.3U CN209918751U (en) | 2019-03-22 | 2019-03-22 | Infrared photoelectric controller for punching equipment |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN209918751U true CN209918751U (en) | 2020-01-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920373806.3U Expired - Fee Related CN209918751U (en) | 2019-03-22 | 2019-03-22 | Infrared photoelectric controller for punching equipment |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN209918751U (en) |
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- 2019-03-22 CN CN201920373806.3U patent/CN209918751U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Granted publication date: 20200110 Termination date: 20210322 |
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