Device and method for monitoring running speed of belt based on photoelectric effect
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of belt conveyor speed monitoring, in particular to a device and a method for testing the stable bearing capacity of diagonal steel crossed inclined bars.
Background
The belt conveyer is widely applied to the industries of ports, metallurgy, mines and the like. The belt conveyor is at the operation in-process, its belt takes place speed fluctuation easily, skids and stall scheduling problem, and belt speed fluctuation too big can influence the stationarity of belt conveyor operation, and the belt skids the aggravation that probably leads to belt wearing and tearing, and then can shorten the life of belt, and belt stall then probably causes the out of control of belt conveyor, reduces the precision of transport, consequently, belt speed monitoring devices seems very important in belt conveyor.
In the prior art, a contact type speed detection system which is used in a large number and takes a photoelectric coding disc as a sensor often has mechanical moving parts, and after the system works for a period of time in severe environments such as dust, the system is very easy to be polluted by the environment, so that the moving parts are out of order and cannot work normally.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a belt running speed monitoring device and a test method based on a photoelectric effect, the device can realize non-contact monitoring, and can avoid the situation of low detection precision caused by environmental pollution of internal mechanical moving parts; the method can accurately realize the non-contact detection of the running speed of the belt.
In order to achieve the purpose, the belt running speed monitoring device based on the photoelectric effect comprises a belt to be monitored and a monitoring unit, wherein a reflection stripe band formed by black stripes and white stripes in an interlaced mode is arranged on the non-bearing surface of the belt to be monitored along the length direction of the non-bearing surface;
the monitoring unit is arranged right opposite to the reflection stripe zone and comprises a power supply module, an emission lens, an emission light source, a driving circuit, a microprocessor, a shaping circuit, a photoelectric detection circuit, a photosensitive element, a receiving lens, an attenuation sheet, an interface module, a communication module and a display and alarm module;
the power supply module provides power supply for the microprocessor, the driving circuit, the shaping circuit and the photoelectric detection circuit;
the driving circuit is used for supplying power to the emission light source according to the control of the control signal;
the emission light source is used for emitting emission light with a certain wavelength to the surface of the reflection stripe band;
the attenuation sheet is arranged on the upstream side of the receiving lens and used for reducing the intensity of the reflected light so as to avoid the distortion of the photosensitive element during receiving;
the photosensitive element is arranged at the downstream side of the receiving lens and used as an optical signal receiver, and converts an optical signal into a weak electric signal and transmits the weak electric signal to the photoelectric detection circuit;
the photoelectric detection circuit is used for amplifying and modulating a weak electric signal and sending the processed electric signal to the shaping circuit;
the shaping circuit is used for shaping the electric signal to form a pulse signal and sending the pulse signal to the microprocessor;
the microprocessor is used for processing the pulse signal to obtain the instantaneous speed of the belt to be monitored and controlling the display and alarm module to display the instantaneous speed; the monitoring device is used for comparing the obtained instantaneous speed of the belt to be monitored with an upper threshold value and a lower threshold value and controlling the display and alarm module to alarm when the instantaneous speed exceeds the upper threshold value or is lower than the lower threshold value; used for sending control signals to the driving circuit;
the interface module is used for providing interfaces of the communication module and the display and alarm module so as to be convenient for communication with an upper computer through the communication module, display of a processing result of the microprocessor and prompt of alarming are carried out through the display and alarm module.
Furthermore, in order to facilitate the storage of data, the system also comprises a data storage module connected with the microprocessor, and the data storage module is used for storing data.
Preferably, the black stripes and the white stripes are formed by spraying.
In the technical scheme, a reflecting surface during monitoring can be formed by arranging a reflecting stripe belt on a non-bearing surface of a belt to be monitored; the transmitting light source in the monitoring unit can emit transmitting light according to the control of the microprocessor and irradiate on the reflection stripe band, the receiving lens in the monitoring unit can receive the light reflected on the reflection stripe band, the instantaneous running speed of the belt to be monitored can be obtained through the processing of the microprocessor, and meanwhile, the instantaneous speed can be conveniently displayed and reminded through the display and alarm module.
The invention also provides a monitoring method of the belt running speed monitoring device based on the photoelectric effect, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: spraying a reflection stripe band formed by crossing black stripes and white stripes on the non-bearing surface of the belt to be monitored along the length direction of the non-bearing surface;
step two: arranging a monitoring unit at a position opposite to a non-bearing surface of a belt to be monitored;
step three: the microprocessor sends a control signal to the drive circuit, the drive circuit supplies power to the emission light source according to the control of the control signal, and the emission light source emits emission light with a certain wavelength to the surface of the reflection stripe band;
step four: the receiving lens receives the reflected light after being attenuated by the attenuator and sends the reflected light to the photosensitive element, the photosensitive element converts an optical signal into a weak electrical signal and sends the weak electrical signal to the photoelectric detection circuit, the photoelectric detection circuit amplifies and modulates the electrical signal and sends the weak electrical signal to the shaping circuit, the shaping circuit shapes the electrical signal to form a pulse signal and sends the pulse signal to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor processes the pulse signal to obtain the instantaneous speed of the belt to be monitored;
step five: the microprocessor controls the display and alarm module to display the instantaneous speed of the belt to be monitored; meanwhile, the instantaneous speed of the belt to be monitored is compared with an upper threshold value and a lower threshold value, and when the instantaneous speed exceeds the upper threshold value or is lower than the lower threshold value, the display and alarm module is controlled to give an alarm.
Preferably, the reflective stripes are formed by spraying, and the black stripes and the white stripes have the same width and length.
The method can conveniently and accurately realize the non-contact detection of the running speed of the belt, and can effectively solve the problem of low monitoring accuracy caused by the fact that the traditional monitoring equipment is easy to be polluted by the environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a reflective strip on a belt to be monitored according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic block circuit diagram of the monitoring unit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a belt running speed monitoring device based on photoelectric effect comprises a belt to be monitored and a monitoring unit, wherein a reflection stripe formed by black stripes and white stripes which are staggered is arranged on the non-bearing surface of the belt to be monitored along the length direction of the belt to be monitored;
the monitoring unit is arranged right opposite to the reflection stripe zone and comprises a power supply module, an emission lens, an emission light source, a driving circuit, a microprocessor, a shaping circuit, a photoelectric detection circuit, a photosensitive element, a receiving lens, an attenuation sheet, an interface module, a communication module and a display and alarm module;
the power supply module provides power supply for the microprocessor, the driving circuit, the shaping circuit and the photoelectric detection circuit;
the driving circuit is used for supplying power to the emission light source according to the control of the control signal;
the emission light source is used for emitting emission light with a certain wavelength to the surface of the reflection stripe band; the light with the wavelength is visible light, the reflection efficiency of the visible light through the white strip is greater than that of the visible light through the black strip, and therefore the microprocessor can obtain accurate pulse signals conveniently, and accurate instantaneous speed can be obtained.
The attenuation sheet is arranged on the upstream side of the receiving lens and used for reducing the intensity of the reflected light so as to avoid the distortion of the photosensitive element during receiving;
the photosensitive element is arranged at the downstream side of the receiving lens and used as an optical signal receiver, and converts an optical signal into a weak electric signal and transmits the weak electric signal to the photoelectric detection circuit; different photosensitive elements can be selected according to different detection speed ranges. If the detection speed is very low, a photoresistor can be adopted, and if the speed range is large, a photosensitive diode or a photosensitive triode is selected.
The photoelectric detection circuit is used for amplifying and modulating a weak electric signal and sending the processed electric signal to the shaping circuit;
the shaping circuit is used for shaping the electric signal to form a pulse signal and sending the pulse signal to the microprocessor;
the microprocessor is used for processing the pulse signal to obtain the instantaneous speed of the belt to be monitored and controlling the display and alarm module to display the instantaneous speed; the monitoring device is used for comparing the obtained instantaneous speed of the belt to be monitored with an upper threshold value and a lower threshold value and controlling the display and alarm module to alarm when the instantaneous speed exceeds the upper threshold value or is lower than the lower threshold value; used for sending control signals to the driving circuit; preferably, the microprocessor adopts STM32 series single-chip microcomputer.
The interface module is used for providing interfaces of the communication module and the display and alarm module so as to be convenient for communication with an upper computer through the communication module, display of a processing result of the microprocessor and prompt of alarming are carried out through the display and alarm module.
The data storage module is connected with the microprocessor and used for storing data.
The black and white stripes are formed by spraying.
A monitoring method of a belt running speed monitoring device based on photoelectric effect comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: spraying a reflection stripe band formed by crossing black stripes and white stripes on the non-bearing surface of the belt to be monitored along the length direction of the non-bearing surface;
step two: arranging a monitoring unit at a position opposite to a non-bearing surface of a belt to be monitored;
step three: the microprocessor sends a control signal to the drive circuit, the drive circuit supplies power to the emission light source according to the control of the control signal, and the emission light source emits emission light with a certain wavelength to the surface of the reflection stripe band;
step four: the receiving lens receives the reflected light after being attenuated by the attenuator and sends the reflected light to the photosensitive element, the photosensitive element converts an optical signal into a weak electrical signal and sends the weak electrical signal to the photoelectric detection circuit, the photoelectric detection circuit amplifies and modulates the electrical signal and sends the weak electrical signal to the shaping circuit, the shaping circuit shapes the electrical signal to form a pulse signal and sends the pulse signal to the microprocessor, and the microprocessor processes the pulse signal to obtain the instantaneous speed of the belt to be monitored;
step five: the microprocessor controls the display and alarm module to display the instantaneous speed of the belt to be monitored; meanwhile, the instantaneous speed of the belt to be monitored is compared with an upper threshold value and a lower threshold value, and when the instantaneous speed exceeds the upper threshold value or is lower than the lower threshold value, the display and alarm module is controlled to give an alarm.
The reflective stripes are formed by spraying, and the widths and lengths of the black stripes and the white stripes are the same.
The working principle is as follows: during setting, the monitoring unit is arranged at a proper position below the supporting roller of the belt conveyor, so that an included angle between the central line of the monitoring device and the central line of the belt is 90 degrees, and reflected light can be focused on the photosensitive element when the emitted light irradiates a reflection stripe band on the belt. The transmitting light source in the monitoring unit emits visible light with a certain wavelength, the visible light irradiates the reflective stripe, when the belt is static, the intensity of the reflected light of the reflective stripe is unchanged, in the running process, the intensity of the reflected light reflected by the reflective stripe can fluctuate, further, the frequency of the pulse signal received by the microprocessor can change, the running speed of the belt is higher, the fluctuation frequency is higher, therefore, the microprocessor can obtain the number of pulses in a set time period by monitoring the frequency of the pulse signal, and the running instantaneous speed of the belt can be accurately obtained according to the distance between the black stripe and the white stripe.