CN209909920U - Novel plasma grate furnace - Google Patents
Novel plasma grate furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN209909920U CN209909920U CN201920604743.8U CN201920604743U CN209909920U CN 209909920 U CN209909920 U CN 209909920U CN 201920604743 U CN201920604743 U CN 201920604743U CN 209909920 U CN209909920 U CN 209909920U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an industrial waste treatment equipment, concretely relates to novel plasma grate furnace. The reaction part comprises a first furnace body, a first hearth is arranged in the first furnace body, a supporting plate is arranged at the lower part of the first furnace body, a grate which is in stepped arrangement from a feeding port to the supporting plate is arranged in the first hearth, a material pushing gate is arranged at the part, close to the feeding port, of each stage of grate, the lower part of the first hearth contracts to form an ash blanking chute with the supporting plate, and a flue gas inlet is further formed in the side wall of the first furnace body; plasma melting portion includes the second furnace body, is equipped with second furnace in the second furnace body, and second furnace body top sets up lime-ash feed inlet and exhanst gas outlet respectively, and the lime-ash feed inlet is linked together through the lime-ash blanking chute of inlet pipe with reaction portion, and the exhanst gas outlet is linked together through the flue of being connected with the flue gas inlet of reaction portion, and the leakage fluid dram is established to second furnace body lower part. The utility model discloses can carry out effective processing to industry solid waste to reduce treatment cost.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an industrial waste treatment equipment, concretely relates to novel plasma grate furnace.
Background
The grate furnace is a garbage incineration technology, and has various grate type incinerators, and the application of the grate type incinerators accounts for more than 80% of the total amount of the garbage incineration market all over the world. The furnace type has the biggest advantages of mature technology, stable and reliable operation and wide adaptability, and most of solid garbage can be directly fed into the furnace for combustion without any pretreatment.
The combustion temperature of the grate furnace is 700-1000 ℃, and when industrial solid waste is incinerated, the incineration temperature is lower, so that the treatment of dangerous waste cannot meet the requirement, and further treatment of slag is required. The slag treatment method is generally divided into two methods, namely direct landfill and plasma melting treatment. Direct landfill easily pollutes water sources, atmosphere, large occupied area and potential safety hazards, land resources for landfill in China are short at present, and a sludge landfill channel is not available soon. During plasma melting treatment, the cooled slag needs to be heated to 1400-1600 ℃ again for combustion, which causes energy waste and increases treatment cost; on the other hand, the waste gas generated by plasma melting needs to be further treated.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a novel plasma grate furnace, equipment is simple, and is rational in infrastructure, can carry out the effective processing to industry solid waste, handles thoroughly, need not carry out further processing to the waste residue that produces to can reduce treatment cost.
The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is:
provides a novel plasma grate furnace, which comprises a reaction part and a plasma melting part,
the reaction part comprises a first furnace body, a first hearth is arranged in the first furnace body, a supporting plate is arranged at the lower part of the first furnace body, a grate which is in stepped arrangement from a feeding hole to the supporting plate is arranged in the first hearth, a pushing gate is arranged at the part, close to the feeding hole, of each stage of grate, the pushing gate can push fuel on the stage of grate from one side to the other side and fall onto a lower stage grate, a lifting gate is arranged at the part, far away from the feeding hole, of the first stage grate, a flue gas discharge port at the top of the first furnace body is connected with a discharge flue, a burner is arranged in the first hearth and fixed on the side wall of the first furnace body, the lower part of the first hearth shrinks to form a clinker discharge chute with the supporting plate, and a flue gas inlet is also arranged on the side wall of the;
the plasma melting part comprises a second furnace body, a second hearth is arranged in the second furnace body, the top of the second furnace body is respectively provided with an ash feeding hole and a flue gas outlet, the ash feeding hole is communicated with an ash blanking chute of the reaction part through a feeding pipe, the flue gas outlet is communicated with a flue gas inlet of the reaction part through a connecting flue, a plasma torch is further arranged in the second hearth and fixed on the top wall of the second furnace body, and a liquid discharge port is arranged at the lower part of the second furnace body.
Wherein:
the fire grate is provided with at least two stages.
The material pushing gate comprises a material pushing plate and a push rod. The push rod is preferably hydraulically driven.
The lifting gate comprises a lifting rod and a material baffle plate. The lifting bar is preferably hydraulically driven.
The combustor is a natural gas combustor, a diesel combustor or a plasma torch.
The number of the burners is at least one.
The liquid outlet is communicated with an overflow cavity defined by an overflow pipeline, wherein the height of the lowest point of the overflow cavity is higher than that of the highest point of the liquid outlet. The overflow design prevents the portion that does not become liquid phase from being washed out.
The working principle and the process are as follows:
when the device works, materials to be treated firstly enter the first-stage grate through the feeding hole, the lifting gate is opened, the materials to be treated are pushed to enter the next-stage grate through the pushing gate, organic matters are gasified or incinerated on the grate, and generated smoke is discharged to a rear-end treatment facility through the discharge flue.
Ash slag generated after the materials are gasified or burned is pushed by a pushing gate to enter a lower ash slag feeding hole through an ash slag blanking chute and then falls into a second hearth, the molten materials melt the ash slag into a liquid phase through high temperature generated by a plasma torch, and the liquid phase is discharged to the rear end through a liquid discharge port to be cooled into a vitreous body or a manufactured product. The plasma melting part thoroughly cracks residual organic components in the ash, and the generated gas enters the upper reaction part through the connecting flue and then is subjected to reaction treatment, so that seamless connection of the slag and the gas of the two systems is realized, and harmless treatment of the ash and the flue gas is realized.
When the fire grates are in multiple stages, materials to be treated firstly enter a first-stage fire grate through a feeding hole, a lifting gate is opened, the materials to be treated are pushed to enter a next-stage fire grate through a pushing gate, organic matters are gasified or incinerated on the fire grates, residues are pushed to enter the next-stage fire grate through the pushing gate to be treated, the residues are pushed downwards step by step according to the stage design of the fire grates, and after treatment is finished, the residues are pushed to enter an ash blanking chute through the pushing gate.
Wherein:
the reaction part can be designed into a gasification atmosphere or an incineration atmosphere according to the material type or the rear-end flue gas treatment requirement, and can be controlled by setting the oxygen content.
Residual carbon, organic matters and heavy metals which are remained in the ash slag formed in the reaction part and are not completely treated can be completely treated by the lower plasma melting part.
The reaction part and the plasma melting part do not interfere with each other, so that the whole system is ensured to operate stably.
According to the requirement of the treatment capacity of the materials to be treated or the physical characteristics, the fire grate is provided with at least two stages.
The temperature of the reaction part is 700-1000 ℃, which can be adjusted according to the characteristics of organic components of the materials, and the temperature of the lower plasma melting part is 1400-1600 ℃, which can be adjusted according to the characteristics of inorganic components of the materials.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model, following beneficial effect has:
1. the utility model discloses equipment is simple, and is rational in infrastructure, and upper portion reaction portion and lower part plasma melting portion complete autonomous working, mutually noninterfere guarantee that upper portion reaction portion atmosphere is stable.
2. The lower plasma melting part has high temperature and is separated from the upper reaction part, so that the operation temperature of the whole system is effectively reduced.
3. The ash slag entering the lower part is heated at the upper part, and the hot ash slag enters the lower melting area, so that the step of heating the cooled ash slag is omitted, and the cost for treating the bottom ash slag is effectively reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 3 of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a reaction section; 2. a plasma melting section; 3. a first furnace body; 4. a first hearth; 5. a feed inlet; 6. a support plate; 7. a grate; 8. a material pushing gate; 9. lifting the gate; 10. a discharge flue; 11. a burner; 12. ash blanking chute; 13. a flue gas inlet; 14. a second furnace body; 15. a second hearth; 16. a slag inlet; 17. a flue gas outlet; 18. a feed pipe; 19. connecting the flue; 20. a plasma torch; 21. a liquid discharge port; 22. an overflow conduit; 23. an overflow chamber.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, the novel plasma grate furnace comprises a reaction part 1 and a plasma melting part 2,
the reaction part 1 comprises a first furnace body 3, a first hearth 4 is arranged in the first furnace body 3, a supporting plate 6 is arranged at the lower part of the first furnace body 3, a grate 7 which is arranged in a step shape from the feeding hole 5 to the supporting plate 6 is arranged in the first hearth 4, wherein, the edge part of each stage of fire grate 7 close to the feed inlet 5 is provided with a pushing gate 8, the pushing gate 8 can push the fuel on the stage of fire grate 7 from one edge part to the other edge part to fall on the lower stage of fire grate 7, the edge part of the first stage of fire grate 7 far away from the feed inlet 5 is provided with a lifting gate 9, the top smoke discharge port of the first furnace body 3 is connected with a discharge flue 10, a burner 11 is arranged in the first hearth 4, the burner 11 is fixed on the side wall of the first furnace body 3, the lower part of the first hearth 4 contracts to form an ash blanking chute 12 with the support plate 6, and the side wall of the first furnace body 3 is also provided with a flue gas inlet 13;
the plasma melting part 2 comprises a second furnace body 14, a second hearth 15 is arranged in the second furnace body 14, the top of the second furnace body 14 is respectively provided with an ash inlet 16 and a flue gas outlet 17, the ash inlet 16 is communicated with an ash blanking chute 12 of the reaction part 1 through a feeding pipe 18, the flue gas outlet 17 is communicated with a flue gas inlet 13 of the reaction part 1 through a connecting flue 19, a plasma torch 20 is further arranged in the second hearth 15, the plasma torch 20 is fixed on the top wall of the second furnace body 14, and a liquid discharge port 21 is arranged at the lower part of the second furnace body 14.
Wherein:
the grate 7 is provided in two stages.
The pushing gate 8 comprises a pushing plate and a pushing rod.
The lift gate 9 includes a lifter bar and a striker plate.
The burner 11 is a plasma torch.
The burners 11 are provided as one.
The liquid outlet 21 is communicated with an overflow cavity 23 defined by an overflow pipeline 22, wherein the height of the lowest point of the overflow cavity 23 is higher than that of the highest point of the liquid outlet 21. The overflow design prevents the portion that does not become liquid phase from being washed out.
When the device works, materials to be processed firstly enter the first-stage grate 7 through the feeding port 5, the lifting gate 9 is opened, the materials to be processed are pushed to enter the next-stage grate 7 (namely the second stage) through the pushing gate 8, organic matters are gasified or incinerated on the grate 7, and generated smoke is discharged to a rear-end processing facility through the discharge flue 10.
Ash generated after the materials are gasified or burned is pushed by a pushing gate 8 to enter a lower ash feeding port 16 through an ash blanking chute 12 and then fall into a second hearth 15, the ash is melted into a liquid phase by the molten materials through high temperature generated by a plasma torch 20, and the liquid phase is discharged to the rear end through a liquid discharge port 21 to be cooled into a vitreous body or a manufactured product. The plasma melting part 2 thoroughly cracks residual organic components in ash, and the generated gas enters the upper reaction part 1 through the connecting flue 19 for reaction treatment, so that seamless connection of the slag and the gas of the two systems is realized, and harmless treatment of the ash and the flue gas is realized.
The temperature of the reaction part 1 is 700-1000 ℃, which can be adjusted according to the characteristics of organic components of materials, and the temperature of the lower plasma melting part 2 is 1400-1600 ℃, which can be adjusted according to the characteristics of inorganic components of materials.
Example 2
The novel plasma grate furnace is similar to the plasma grate furnace in the embodiment 1, and the structure of the novel plasma grate furnace is shown in FIG. 3, and the differences are that:
the grate 7 is provided with three stages.
The burner 11 is a diesel burner.
The number of the burners 11 is two.
When the device works, materials to be processed firstly enter the first-stage grate 7 through the feeding port 5, the lifting gate 9 is opened, the materials to be processed are pushed to enter the next-stage grate 7 (namely the second stage) through the pushing gate 8, organic matters are gasified or incinerated on the grate 7, and generated smoke is discharged to a rear-end processing facility through the discharge flue 10.
The ash slag generated after the material gasification or incineration is pushed by the pushing gate 8 to enter the next-stage grate 7 (i.e. the third stage) for further gasification or incineration, the ash slag generated after the gasification or incineration is pushed by the pushing gate 8 to enter the lower ash slag feed inlet 16 through the ash slag blanking chute 12 and then fall into the second hearth 15, the molten material melts the ash slag into a liquid phase by the high temperature generated by the plasma torch 20, and the liquid phase is discharged to the rear end through the liquid discharge port 21 to be cooled into a vitreous body or a manufactured product. The plasma melting part 2 thoroughly cracks residual organic components in ash, and the generated gas enters the upper reaction part 1 through the connecting flue 19 for reaction treatment, so that seamless connection of the slag and the gas of the two systems is realized, and harmless treatment of the ash and the flue gas is realized.
Example 3
The novel plasma grate furnace is similar to the plasma grate furnace in the embodiment 1, and the structure of the novel plasma grate furnace is shown in FIG. 4, and the differences are that:
the grate 7 is provided with four stages.
The burner 11 is a natural gas burner.
The number of the burners 11 is two.
When the device works, materials to be processed firstly enter the first-stage grate 7 through the feeding port 5, the lifting gate 9 is opened, the materials to be processed are pushed to enter the next-stage grate 7 (namely the second stage) through the pushing gate 8, organic matters are gasified or incinerated on the grate 7, and generated smoke is discharged to a rear-end processing facility through the discharge flue 10.
Ash and slag generated after the gasification or incineration of the material is pushed to enter a next-stage grate 7 (namely, a third stage) through a pushing gate 8 for further gasification or incineration, ash and slag generated after the gasification or incineration is pushed to enter the next-stage grate 7 (namely, a fourth stage) through the pushing gate 8 for further gasification or incineration, the ash and slag generated after the gasification or incineration is pushed to enter a lower ash and slag feeding port 16 through the pushing gate 8 and then fall into a second hearth 15, the molten material melts the ash and slag into a liquid phase through high temperature generated by a plasma torch 20, and the liquid phase is discharged to the rear end through a liquid discharge port 21 to be cooled into a vitreous body or a manufactured product. The plasma melting part 2 thoroughly cracks residual organic components in ash, and the generated gas enters the upper reaction part 1 through the connecting flue 19 for reaction treatment, so that seamless connection of the slag and the gas of the two systems is realized, and harmless treatment of the ash and the flue gas is realized.
Where the above appears "first", "second", etc. to define parts, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: the terms "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one element from another in a descriptive sense and are not intended to have a special meaning unless otherwise stated.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a novel plasma grate furnace which characterized in that: comprises a reaction part (1) and a plasma melting part (2),
reaction part (1) includes first furnace body (3), is equipped with first furnace (4) in first furnace body (3), and first furnace body (3) lower part sets up backup pad (6), be equipped with in first furnace (4) from feed inlet (5) to backup pad (6) present grate (7) that the notch cuttype arranged, wherein, be equipped with in the limit department that is close to feed inlet (5) on every grade grate (7) and push away material gate (8), it can fall into subordinate grate (7) from a limit portion propelling movement to another limit portion with the fuel on this grade grate (7) to push away material gate (8), and the limit portion department of keeping away from feed inlet (5) on first grade grate (7) is equipped with promotion gate (9), and discharge flue (10) is connected to first furnace body (3) top flue gas discharge port, first furnace (4) inside is provided with combustor (11), and combustor (11) are fixed on first furnace body (3) lateral wall, the lower part of the first hearth (4) contracts to form an ash blanking chute (12) with the support plate (6), and a flue gas inlet (13) is also arranged on the side wall of the first furnace body (3);
the plasma melting part (2) comprises a second furnace body (14), a second hearth (15) is arranged in the second furnace body (14), an ash feeding hole (16) and a flue gas outlet (17) are respectively formed in the top of the second furnace body (14), the ash feeding hole (16) is communicated with an ash blanking chute (12) of the reaction part (1) through a feeding pipe (18), the flue gas outlet (17) is communicated with a flue gas inlet (13) of the reaction part (1) through a connecting flue (19), a plasma torch (20) is further arranged in the second hearth (15), the plasma torch (20) is fixed on the top wall of the second furnace body (14), and a liquid discharge port (21) is formed in the lower part of the second furnace body (14).
2. The novel plasma grate furnace of claim 1, wherein: the grate (7) is provided with at least two stages.
3. The novel plasma grate furnace of claim 1, wherein: the material pushing gate (8) comprises a material pushing plate and a push rod.
4. The novel plasma grate furnace of claim 1, wherein: the lifting gate (9) comprises a lifting rod and a material baffle plate.
5. The novel plasma grate furnace of claim 1, wherein: the burner (11) is a natural gas burner, a diesel burner or a plasma torch.
6. The novel plasma grate furnace of claim 1, wherein: the liquid discharge port (21) is communicated with an overflow cavity (23) enclosed by an overflow pipeline (22), wherein the height of the lowest point of the overflow cavity (23) is higher than that of the highest point of the liquid discharge port (21).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920604743.8U CN209909920U (en) | 2019-04-28 | 2019-04-28 | Novel plasma grate furnace |
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| CN201920604743.8U CN209909920U (en) | 2019-04-28 | 2019-04-28 | Novel plasma grate furnace |
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| CN209909920U true CN209909920U (en) | 2020-01-07 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111594850A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-08-28 | 山东新博润环境技术有限公司 | Grate type plasma gasification melting furnace |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111594850A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-08-28 | 山东新博润环境技术有限公司 | Grate type plasma gasification melting furnace |
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Effective date of registration: 20210819 Granted publication date: 20200107 |