CN209908428U

CN209908428U - Hydraulic and mechanical composite controllable detritus bed removing tool

Info

Publication number: CN209908428U
Application number: CN201920251148.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 唐洋; 姚佳鑫; 孙鹏; 何胤
Original assignee: Southwest Petroleum University
Current assignee: Southwest Petroleum University
Priority date: 2019-02-27
Filing date: 2019-02-27
Publication date: 2020-01-07
Anticipated expiration: 2029-02-27

Abstract

The utility model discloses a controllable formula detritus bed burnisher of water conservancy and machinery complex is equipped with spiral channel, drilling fluid jet orifice outside the shell, has the shower nozzle at drilling fluid jet orifice internally mounted. The inner part of the shell body is provided with a sliding sleeve, a large-diameter spring, a bearing cover and an equal-thickness eccentric cylinder, the two ends of the equal-thickness eccentric cylinder are provided with deep groove ball bearings, and the inner part of the eccentric cylinder is provided with a propelling cylinder, a spring retaining ring and a small-diameter spring. The utility model discloses combined big drift well, big displacement well, horizontal well etc. and crept into in-process detritus bed formation principle and detritus migration law, adopted the drilling fluid injection mechanism control drilling fluid flow based on flow control to reach the effect that improves the annular space and return the speed, mix the deposit detritus. Compared with a conventional mechanical detritus bed cleaning tool, the tool can solve the problems of drill jamming, mud bag formation and the like caused by detritus deposition in a long-distance horizontal drilling process, and can also achieve the purposes of cleaning a drill rod and a well hole, controlling the annular flow velocity and improving the drilling efficiency.

Description

Hydraulic and mechanical composite controllable detritus bed removing tool

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of detritus bed removal in drilling processes of petroleum and natural gas drilling high-inclination wells, horizontal wells, extended reach wells and complex structure wells, in particular to a detritus bed removal tool for petroleum, natural gas, shale gas and other geological drilling horizontal wells.

Background

The detritus bed is formed by a drill bit continuously crushing detritus particles formed by rocks when a horizontal well, a highly deviated well, a highly displaced well and a complex structure well are drilled, and the detritus particles are deposited on the lower well walls of the horizontal well, the highly deviated well, the highly displaced well, the complex structure well and the like under the action of gravity. During routine drilling, the failure to remove or control the formation of the bed of cuttings can cause drilling problems, such as: increasing the solid-phase content of annular mud, reducing annular space, forming an elliptical borehole, causing pump building, reducing drilling speed and increasing pumping pressure of tripping; secondly, key slots and steps are easy to form, so that underground accidents are caused; the hanging weight and the bit pressure distortion in the well drilling; fourthly, the torque of the centralizer and the drill collar is increased or the centralizer is wrapped by mud, so that the drill is held; fifthly, the rock debris sinks to cause sand blocking or sticking; sixthly, the rotation and propulsion friction resistance is increased, so that the abrasion of the drill string and the casing is increased; the drilling effect is influenced by the difficulty in applying drilling pressure to the drill stem and the insufficient torque of ground driving equipment; the problems that the operation of running a casing and cementing well is difficult, the quality of a cement sealed well is poor, various testing tools and testing instruments are blocked in working and the like are solved.

In order to solve the problems brought by the detritus bed, the following measures are mainly taken at present: the method has the advantages that the return speed is increased, the higher the annular return speed is, the more beneficial the rock debris removal is, but the too high return speed is, the collapse and block falling of a soft stratum at the upper part are easily caused, and meanwhile, higher requirements are provided for drilling equipment and a drilling tool; the method for improving the mud performance generally adopts a positive cement-mud system, improves the dynamic-plastic ratio, improves the rock-carrying performance of the mud and enhances the suspension carrying capacity by reducing the mud fluidity index, but the adjustment range of the mud performance is limited, and drilling fluid additives are required to be additionally added, so that the drilling cost is increased, and the higher dynamic-plastic ratio of the drilling fluid is easy to leak the stratum to cause well leakage; and thirdly, measures such as short tripping, segmented circulation, reaming and the like are adopted for timing the well section, namely the short tripping can be adopted for the well section with the less serious detritus bed, but more time is consumed in the process of tripping the drilling tool, the drilling efficiency is influenced, and the drilling cost is indirectly increased. Although the methods are beneficial to removing the rock debris and can achieve the effect of removing the rock debris bed, the methods have the problems of increasing the requirements on drilling equipment and drilling tools, increasing the drilling cost, consuming longer time and influencing the drilling efficiency and the like. And the fast, stable and efficient clearing of the detritus bed can not be achieved, so that the purpose of high-quality drilling is achieved.

Summary the following problems exist with the current cuttings bed clearing tools: (1) most of the rock debris bed cleaning tools adopt a pure mechanical type to clean rock debris deposited at the bottom of the shaft annulus, and a small part of the rock debris bed is cleaned in a hydraulic jet mode, but the whole effect is not good; (2) the existing rock debris bed cleaning tool does not adopt different cleaning modes to respectively and purposefully clean the rock debris deposits of different well sections through the same tool; (3) the rock debris bed cleaning tool is rarely used for hydraulically cleaning the rock debris bed without affecting the upper wall surface of a shaft, and the opening and closing of the cleaning mechanism are controlled by introducing the flow; (4) at present, tools for clearing the detritus bed by adopting a mode of combining machinery and hydraulic jet flow are rare and are passive, and active controllable operation cannot be realized according to different detritus bed conditions. Therefore, a new rock debris bed cleaning tool is needed to be invented, the combination of machinery and hydraulic jet is realized, and active operation can be realized according to different rock debris deposition conditions, so that the rock debris bed can be cleaned more effectively by adopting different cleaning modes, and the drilling efficiency is improved.

The invention content is as follows:

the invention aims to: aiming at the problems of the existing detritus bed removing tool and according to the formation mechanism of the detritus bed, the detritus bed removing tool which combines the mechanical action with the hydraulic action and can remove detritus in different modes according to different conditions of detritus deposition of different well sections is provided, the problem that the detritus bed is generated in the process of drilling a horizontal well by oil, natural gas, shale gas and geology is solved, and a series of drilling problems caused by the formation of the detritus bed in the drilling process are solved.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a controllable formula detritus bed removal instrument is compounded with machinery which characterized in that: the device mainly comprises a shell, wherein a spiral channel, an auxiliary rock debris discharging jet hole and an auxiliary rock debris removing jet hole are arranged outside the shell, and jet flow nozzles are arranged inside the auxiliary rock debris discharging jet hole and the auxiliary rock debris removing jet hole. A sliding sleeve, a large-diameter spring, a bearing cover and an equal-thickness eccentric cylinder are arranged inside the outer shell, wherein the equal-thickness eccentric cylinder is connected with a light eccentric half cylinder through a mortise connecting structure by a heavy eccentric half cylinder, deep groove ball bearings are arranged at two ends of the equal-thickness eccentric cylinder, and a propelling cylinder, a spring retaining ring, a small-diameter spring and other structures are arranged inside the equal-thickness eccentric cylinder; and a bearing end cover is arranged on the right side of the equal-thickness eccentric cylinder. And male buckles and female buckles for connecting the drill strings are arranged at two ends of the outer shell.

By adopting the structure, when the male buckle and the female buckle at the two ends of the outer shell of the device are connected on a drill column to rotate along with the drill column, because the deep groove ball bearings are arranged at the two ends of the equal-thickness eccentric cylinder, the outer shell can not rotate along with the outer shell when rotating along with the drill column, and when the tool is positioned in a highly-deviated well or a horizontal well section, the equal-thickness eccentric cylinder has the half with larger mass and can slide to the deposition side of a detritus bed at the lower wall of a shaft under the action of the eccentric gravity of the equal-thickness eccentric cylinder. When the drilling fluid keeps the flow of normal drilling, the drilling fluid normally flows through the tool and cannot be sprayed; because the spiral disturbance mechanism is arranged in the middle of the tool and rotates along with the drill string, the spiral disturbance mechanism can change the static pressure of drilling fluid in a shaft and the turbulence intensity of the drilling fluid in the shaft in the rotating process, so that surface rock debris deposited on the lower wall of the shaft is disturbed to the upper annular space of the shaft along with the drilling fluid and is discharged along with drilling fluid, and the purpose of removing a rock debris bed is achieved.

If meet the interior detritus of pit shaft annular space more, the chip removal is when not smooth, can increase the flow of pump income drilling fluid, the sliding sleeve that is located the pin thread end can slide compression spring to the instrument right-hand member at the in-process that the drilling fluid flows through the sliding sleeve, thereby open the supplementary chip removal jet orifice on the shell, make the inside drilling fluid of instrument spray drilling fluid to the annular space of drilling string and pit shaft when overflowing, because of its direction of injection is less with the axis direction contained angle of this instrument, so the detritus on detritus bed top layer not only can be clear away to spun drilling fluid, and the injection effect of its production can increase the annular space in the pit shaft annular space and return the speed, thereby reach and clear away the detritus bed, increase the.

When the detritus bed that the detritus deposit formed is thicker, when adopting preceding two kinds of schemes neither can effectively clear away, can further increase the drilling fluid flow of pump income, when drilling fluid flows through the sliding sleeve, can promote its slip compression major diameter's spring, thereby open supplementary chip removal jet orifice, make the drilling fluid blowout, large-traffic drilling fluid can further flow to eccentric cylinder, can at first pass through the inside propulsion section of thick bamboo of eccentric cylinder when large-traffic drilling fluid gets into eccentric cylinder, drilling fluid can promote to impel the section of thick bamboo and slide to the direction of effluence of drilling fluid, its thrust that produces will directly transmit the spring fender ring, then transmit the spring that is located its bottom through the spring fender ring, thereby compression spring makes its deformation. Because of the spring keeps off the ring and can in close contact with under large-traffic effect with advancing a section of thick bamboo to the circumference equipartition that advances a section of thick bamboo has the discharge groove, when the contact site that advances a section of thick bamboo and spring fender ring slided the arc trench position of eccentric cylinder wall, drilling fluid can be discharged to the arc wall through the discharge groove, then the jet orifice blowout is clear away from the detritus bed on the shell body surface that the arc wall region corresponds again, because of the drilling fluid jet direction that the jet orifice was clear away to the detritus bed is great with this instrument axial contained angle, so the drilling fluid that erupts will erode the detritus bed that the broken lower well wall detritus deposit formed. The crushed rock debris and the drilling fluid are mixed and pass through a spiral disturbance mechanism in the middle of the outer shell, the mixed liquid of the drilling fluid and the rock debris is disturbed to a large space between a drill column and a shaft, and then the rock debris is discharged under the jetting action of the auxiliary debris discharge jet holes, so that the aim of removing a rock debris bed with thick rock debris deposition is fulfilled.

The spiral disturbance mechanism is positioned in the middle of the outer shell, the number of the spiral grooves is four, and the four spiral grooves are uniformly distributed on the wall surface in the middle of the outer shell.

Drilling fluid jet orifice on the shell body surface clears away the jet orifice including supplementary chip removal jet orifice and detritus bed, wherein supplementary chip removal jet orifice is less than the jet angle that the jet orifice was clear away to the detritus bed for the jet angle of this instrument axis, all has installed corresponding shower nozzle in jet orifice inside, adopts threaded connection between shower nozzle and the drilling fluid jet orifice, the detritus bed clear away the jet orifice and divide into the three-layer altogether, the stagger angle between every layer is twenty degrees.

The equal-thickness eccentric cylinder is made of two materials with large density difference and equivalent strength, and is connected by adopting a tongue-and-groove structure, so that the aim of eccentric center of gravity of the cylinder is fulfilled.

The propelling cylinder is positioned in the equal-thickness eccentric cylinder, the overflowing channel in the propelling cylinder is also in a gradually-reduced shape, and a flow discharge groove is circumferentially arranged at the outlet end of the drilling fluid.

The sliding sleeve is provided with a tapered reducing section for generating pressure drop at the inner left end thereof so as to push the sliding sleeve, a step of a compression spring is arranged outside the sliding sleeve, arc-shaped pressure balance grooves for pressure balance are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the step, six pressure balance holes for pressure balance are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the middle part of the sliding sleeve, and O-shaped sealing rings for sealing are further arranged on the outer surfaces of the two ends of the sliding sleeve.

In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the clearing process of the detritus bed clearing tool is controllable, and the opening and closing of the drilling fluid jet hole on the surface of the outer shell of the detritus bed clearing tool can be controlled according to the flow of the drilling fluid pumped into the drill column, so that the detritus bed is cleared.

2. The hydraulic and mechanical composite controllable detritus bed removing tool provided by the invention can solve the problem of detritus bed accumulation generated in the process of drilling a highly deviated well, a horizontal well, a complex well and a large-displacement well in petroleum, natural and geological drilling, and can achieve the effects of efficiently crushing, removing a detritus bed and cleaning a drill rod by changing the flow rate of pumping drilling fluid into a drill column in the same time according to different detritus deposition conditions, thereby solving a series of problems of drilling inhibition, reduction of drilling speed, increase of friction resistance, formation of mud bags and the like caused by the detritus bed.

3. According to the hydraulic and mechanical composite controllable rock debris bed cleaning tool provided by the invention, the spiral disturbance mechanism in the middle of the outer shell can stir the drilling fluid in the annular space of the well barrel in the rotation process of the drilling column, so that the turbulent kinetic energy of the drilling fluid in the well barrel is changed, and therefore rock debris on the surface of the rock debris bed and rock debris generated by breaking the rock debris bed through the rock debris bed cleaning jet holes on the tool are disturbed to the large annular space between the well barrel and the drill rod, and then the rock debris is discharged together with the drilling fluid.

4. The invention provides a hydraulic and mechanical composite controllable detritus bed clearing tool, wherein a heavy eccentric semi-cylinder and a light eccentric semi-cylinder are connected through a tongue-and-groove structure, when the tool is positioned at a horizontal section, because the two ends of the constant-thickness eccentric cylinder are provided with deep groove ball bearings, the half with larger mass is always positioned at the detritus deposition side under the action of gravity when the tool rotates along with a drill column.

5. The hydraulic and mechanical composite controllable rock debris bed cleaning tool provided by the invention has the advantages that the opening and closing of the sliding sleeve and the pushing cylinder are mainly realized by changing the flow rate of the drilling string, and the conical surfaces are arranged in the sliding sleeve and the pushing cylinder, so that when drilling fluid passes through the sliding sleeve and the pushing cylinder, pressure drop is generated, the generated pressure drop directly acts on the sliding sleeve, the pushing cylinder is pushed to compress the spring, and a spray head is opened.

6. The hydraulic and mechanical composite controllable detritus bed clearing tool provided by the invention ensures that the drilling fluid always keeps on a straight line when flowing through the tool, thereby reducing the flow resistance of the drilling fluid.

Description of the drawings:

the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a full sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the sliding sleeve of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the propulsion cylinder of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a front view of the eccentric cylinder of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the eccentric cylinder with an arc-shaped slot in the middle thereof according to the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a female buckle; 2. a bearing end cap; 3. a deep groove ball bearing; 4. an outer housing; 5. heavy eccentric half cylinders; 6. a light eccentric semi-cylinder; 7. a small diameter spring; 8. a spring retainer ring; an O-shaped sealing ring; 10. an arc-shaped slot; 11. a spray head; 12. a spiral channel; 13. a pusher barrel; 14. a bearing cap; 15. a sliding sleeve; 16. a large diameter spring; 17. a pressure balance hole; 18. a pressure balance tank; 19. auxiliary debris discharge jet holes; 20. a male buckle; 21. the auxiliary rock debris removal jet hole; 22. a drainage groove; a tongue and groove structure; 24. the well bore annulus.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

as shown in fig. 1 to 7, a hydraulic and mechanical composite controllable rock debris bed cleaning tool mainly comprises an outer shell (4), wherein a spiral channel (12), an auxiliary rock debris discharge jet hole (19) and an auxiliary rock debris cleaning jet hole (21) are arranged outside the outer shell (4), and a spray head (11) is arranged inside a drilling fluid jet hole; a sliding sleeve (15), a large-diameter spring (16), a bearing cover (14) and equal-thickness eccentric cylinders (5, 6) are sequentially arranged in the outer shell (4) from left to right, deep groove ball bearings (3) are arranged at two ends of the equal-thickness eccentric cylinders (5, 6), a propelling sleeve (13), a spring retaining ring (8), a small-diameter spring (7) and other structures are arranged in the equal-thickness eccentric cylinders (5, 6), and the bearing cover (2) is arranged on the right side of the equal-thickness eccentric cylinders (5, 6); and a male buckle (20) and a female buckle (1) which are connected with a drill string are arranged at two ends of the outer shell (4).

The shell body be connected with the drilling rod through pin thread (20), box (1), be equipped with six evenly distributed's supplementary detritus discharge jet orifice (19) near the pin thread end, shower nozzle (11) have been installed to its inside, pass through threaded connection between shower nozzle (11) and the jet orifice, its and instrument axis's contained angle be fifteen degrees, middle part evenly distributed at shell (4) has four spiral channel (12), near box (1) end evenly distributed on shell surface is the supplementary detritus bed of six on every layer of three-layer and is clear away jet orifice (21), the contained angle between its and the instrument axis is sixty degrees.

The internal installation and connection relation of the outer shell is as follows: firstly, a sliding sleeve (15) is arranged in an outer shell (4) from the end of a female buckle (1) to be in contact with a positioning step near the end of a male buckle (20), then a large-diameter spring (16) is arranged to be in contact with a step in the middle of the sliding sleeve (15) for compressing the spring, and a bearing cover (14) is arranged at the lower end of the large-diameter spring (16) in contact with the large-diameter spring; then, an assembly body formed by matching the equal-thickness eccentric cylinders (5, 6) with the deep groove ball bearing (3) is contacted with the bearing cover (14).

The equal-thickness eccentric cylinders (5 and 6) are formed by connecting a light eccentric semi-cylinder (6) and a heavy eccentric semi-cylinder (5) through a tongue-and-groove structure (23), the equal-thickness eccentric cylinders (5 and 6) are internally provided with a propelling cylinder (13), the large opening end of the propelling cylinder (13) is in contact with the inlet ends of the equal-thickness eccentric cylinders (5 and 6), and then a spring retaining ring (8) is in contact with the propelling cylinder (13) and a small-diameter spring (7) is in contact with the spring retaining ring (8). The two ends of the equal-thickness eccentric cylinders (5, 6) are provided with deep groove ball bearings (3) matched with the same, then bearing end covers (2) for positioning the deep groove ball bearings (3), and the bearing end covers (2) are connected with the inner wall of the outer shell (4) through threads, so that axial positioning is realized.

The first embodiment is as follows:

in the drilling process, when the sediment of the rock debris at the bottom of the well is thin and a rock debris bed clearing tool is not needed, the flow of drilling fluid needed in normal drilling can be introduced, the drilling fluid introduced into a drill string can directly flow through the rock debris bed clearing tool, and the introduced drilling fluid flow does not achieve the purpose of pushing a sliding sleeve (15) inside the tool and compression springs (7 and 16) of a pushing cylinder (13) to open a drilling fluid injection hole in a sliding mode, so that the tool only has the overflowing effect. Due to the spiral channel (12) arranged in the middle of the tool outer shell (4), liquid in a shaft annular space (24) between the shaft and a drill string can be disturbed during the rotation of the drill string, so that thin rock debris deposited at the bottom of the shaft is disturbed into the upper shaft annular space (24) and then is discharged.

Example two:

in the drilling process, when the shaft bottom meets the circumstances such as the chip removal is not smooth, can increase the drilling fluid flow that lets in the drilling string, when drilling fluid passes through this instrument, can promote inside sliding sleeve (15) compression major diameter spring (16) of instrument, thereby produce and slide, open supplementary detritus discharge jet orifice (19), make the inside drilling fluid of instrument from inside shower nozzle (11) blowout of supplementary detritus discharge jet orifice (19) on shell body (4) surface, because of its injection direction is less with the axis direction contained angle of this instrument, so the detritus on detritus bed top layer can not only be clear away to spun drilling fluid, and the annular space velocity of returning in pit shaft annular space (24) can be increased to the injection effect that it produced, its injection effect cooperatees with spiral channel (12) that are located its rear, thereby reach and clear away the detritus bed, improve the mesh of detritus discharge efficiency.

Example three:

in the drilling process, when the drilling efficiency is seriously influenced by more rock debris at the bottom of a well, the flow of drilling fluid introduced into the drill string can be further increased, so that when the drilling fluid flows through the tool, the pushing sliding sleeve (15) is pushed to slide to open the auxiliary rock debris discharge jet hole (19), and meanwhile, the pushing cylinder (13) and the spring retaining ring (14) in the equal-thickness eccentric cylinders (5 and 6) can be pushed to compress the small-diameter spring (7) to slide. Because the bearings (3) are arranged at the two ends of the eccentric cylinders (5, 6) with the same thickness, the eccentric cylinders (5, 6) can make the arc-shaped grooves (10) on the outer wall surfaces slide to the bottom of the tool under the action of eccentric gravity, thereby aligning to a detritus bed cleaning jet hole (21) on the outer shell (4) of the tool, when a discharge groove (22) between the contact surfaces of a propelling cylinder (13) and a spring retaining ring (8) is pushed by large-flow drilling fluid to slide and align to an arc-shaped groove (10) on an eccentric cylinder, the drilling fluid passes through the discharge groove (22) and the arc-shaped groove (10), then the rock debris is sprayed out from a spray head (11) in an auxiliary rock debris removing spray hole (21) on the outer shell (4) of the tool in the area opposite to the arc-shaped groove (10) at a high speed so as to break the rock debris bed, then the aim of efficiently removing the rock debris bed is achieved under the auxiliary action of the spiral channel (12) and the auxiliary rock debris discharge jet hole (19). Because only the jet hole on the tool shell corresponding to the arc-shaped groove (10) can jet, the high-pressure jet action of the detritus bed cleaning jet hole only can generate the high-pressure jet action on the detritus bed deposited at the bottom of the shaft and cannot influence the wall surface of the upper shaft.

The invention can also be used for removing the horizontal well debris bed in the exploitation process of the natural gas hydrate.

The present invention, including but not limited to the embodiments described above, is intended to cover any methods, processes, articles of manufacture, which fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention, and which are subject to the principles and novel and inventive features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a controllable formula detritus bed removal instrument is compounded with machinery which characterized in that: the device mainly comprises an outer shell (4), wherein a spiral channel (12), an auxiliary rock debris discharging and spraying hole (19) and an auxiliary rock debris removing and spraying hole (21) are arranged outside the outer shell (4), and spray heads (11) are respectively arranged inside the auxiliary rock debris discharging and spraying hole (19) and the auxiliary rock debris removing and spraying hole (21); a sliding sleeve (15), a large-diameter spring (16), a bearing cover (14) and equal-thickness eccentric cylinders (5 and 6) are arranged in the outer shell (4), wherein the equal-thickness eccentric cylinders (5 and 6) are connected through a tongue-and-groove structure (23) by a heavy eccentric half cylinder (5) and a light eccentric half cylinder (6), deep groove ball bearings (3) are arranged at two ends of the equal-thickness eccentric cylinders (5 and 6), and a propelling cylinder (13), a spring retaining ring (8), a small-diameter spring (7) and other structures are arranged in the equal-thickness eccentric cylinders (5 and 6); a bearing end cover (2) is arranged on the right of the equal-thickness eccentric cylinders (5, 6); and a male buckle (20) and a female buckle (1) which are connected with a drill string are arranged at two ends of the outer shell (4).

2. A hydraulically and mechanically controlled composite cuttings bed clearing tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the spiral channels (12) are positioned in the middle of the outer shell (4), the number of the spiral channels (12) is four, and the spiral channels are uniformly distributed on the wall surface in the middle of the outer shell (4).

3. A hydraulically and mechanically controlled composite cuttings bed clearing tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the drilling fluid jet orifice on shell body (4) surface is including supplementary detritus discharge jet orifice (19) and supplementary detritus clear away jet orifice (21), wherein supplementary detritus discharge jet orifice (19) are less than the jet angle of supplementary detritus clear away jet orifice (21) for the jet angle of this instrument axis, all have installed corresponding shower nozzle (11) inside the jet orifice, adopt threaded connection between shower nozzle (11) and supplementary detritus discharge jet orifice (19), supplementary detritus clear away jet orifice (21) and divide into the three-layer altogether, the stagger angle between every layer is twenty degrees.

4. A hydraulically and mechanically controlled composite cuttings bed clearing tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the equal-thickness eccentric cylinders (5 and 6) are made of two materials with large density difference and equivalent strength and are connected by adopting a tongue-and-groove structure (23), so that the aim of eccentric center of gravity of the cylinders is fulfilled.

5. A hydraulically and mechanically controlled composite cuttings bed clearing tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the propelling cylinder (13) is positioned inside the eccentric cylinders (5, 6) with equal thickness, the flow passage inside the propelling cylinder is also in a tapered shape, and a drainage groove (22) is arranged at the circumferential direction of the outlet end of the drilling fluid.

6. A hydraulically and mechanically controlled composite cuttings bed clearing tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein: sliding sleeve (15) have one at its inside left end and be used for producing the pressure drop to promote the toper reducing section of sliding sleeve, be equipped with compression spring's step outside the sliding sleeve, be used for pressure balance's arc pressure balance groove (18) and at sliding sleeve middle part surface equipartition six pressure balance holes (17) that are used for pressure balance at step circumference equipartition, still be equipped with on sliding sleeve both ends surface and be used for sealed O shape sealing washer (9).

7. A hydraulically and mechanically controlled composite cuttings bed clearing tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the hydraulic and mechanical composite controllable detritus bed clearing tool can be divided into a detritus auxiliary discharging mechanism for assisting detritus discharging, a spiral disturbing mechanism for disturbing a mixture of drilling fluid and detritus in the annular space of the well casing and a detritus bed clearing mechanism for clearing detritus beds; when the rock debris layer at the bottom of the shaft is thin, the rock debris bed can be removed only by rotating with the drill string through a spiral disturbance mechanism outside the tool; when the debris density in the shaft annulus (24) is high, so that the annular debris discharge is not smooth, the flow of the drilling fluid pumped in can be increased, and the purpose of assisting the debris discharge is achieved by opening the debris auxiliary discharge mechanism; when the drilling efficiency is seriously influenced by more detritus deposits at the bottom of the shaft annulus (24), the flow of drilling fluid pumped into the well can be further increased, so that the detritus bed clearing mechanism is in an open state, and the detritus bed is efficiently cleared by simultaneously acting the three mechanisms.