CN101942967A - Bit hydraulic structure capable of reducing pressure and accelerating speed and drilling bit - Google Patents
Bit hydraulic structure capable of reducing pressure and accelerating speed and drilling bit Download PDFInfo
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- CN101942967A CN101942967A CN 201010282192 CN201010282192A CN101942967A CN 101942967 A CN101942967 A CN 101942967A CN 201010282192 CN201010282192 CN 201010282192 CN 201010282192 A CN201010282192 A CN 201010282192A CN 101942967 A CN101942967 A CN 101942967A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a bit hydraulic structure capable of reducing the pressure and accelerating the speed and a corresponding drilling bit and belongs to the petroleum and geology drilling engineering field. The bit hydraulic structure comprises a drilling bit body, a main runner, a runner transition region, a water hole, a clamp spring groove, a sealing groove and a erosion-resisting layer. The bit hydraulic structure is characterized in that the main runner, the runner transition region and the water hole are arranged in the drilling bit body; the runner transition region is communicated with the main runner and the water hole; the axes of the runner transition region and the water hole are perpendicular to the axis of the main runner; the clamp spring groove and the sealing groove are arranged in the water hole, and the erosion-resisting layer is arranged on the surface of the runner transition region. The angle between the water hole outlet direction of the drilling bit and the axis of the drilling bit is 90 degrees, the angle between the water hole outlet and the radial direction is 0-90 degrees; the mud is injected to the wall of the well slantwise to form a low-pressure swirl region under the rotary speed of the drilling bit and the tangential velocity of the mud, thus reducing the local pressure of the drilling bit acting surface and the hold down effect of the mud column to the debris; and the drilling fluid cleans out the bottom-hole debris, thus accelerating the cleaning of the debris, improving the drilling rate and reducing the drilling cost.
Description
Affiliated technical field
The present invention relates to oil and geological drilling engineering field, particularly the drill bit hydraulic structure and the drill bit of decompression speed-raising.
Background technology
For the petroleum resources of recovery of subterranean, need utilize drilling tool to drill subsurface formations.These drilling tools from ground to underground derrick, rotating disk, kelly bar, drilling rod, drill collar and the drill bit of generally comprising successively.Wherein thereby drill bit cuts the stratum and creeps into well.Produce a large amount of landwaste in the time of the bit cutting stratum in the shaft bottom, for these landwaste are scavenged into ground, must be when creeping into by the inner drilling fluid that injects of drill string, these drilling fluids turn back to ground from the drill bit ejection and through the annular space between drill string and the stratum, thereby landwaste is carried to ground.Yet drilling fluid produces a very large fluid column press force to the shaft bottom, for example, for 3000 meters dark wells, uses density to be 1.1g/cm
3The drilling fluid drilling well, such pressure will reach 33MPa.The water hole outlet of existing drill bit is directed downwards along well depth, and with the drill axis angle be 0 °～60 °, drilling liquid flow directly impacts the shaft bottom behind nozzle, under huge press force effect, the landwaste that bit cutting gets off by pressure holding in the shaft bottom, thereby be unfavorable for the removing of landwaste, greatly reduced the landwaste elimination efficiency.Particularly in the drilling process of deep-well and ultradeep well, huge drilling fluid fluid column press force will greatly influence the timely removing of landwaste, causes the repetition fragmentation of drill bit, reduces bit speed.
In order to address this problem, people are usually by raising slush pump discharge capacity, increase pump pressure, and the method that adopts various nozzles combinations and change nozzle arrangements, rely on the impact force of high-pressure water jet increase to the shaft bottom, the broken rock of realization water jet and mechanically combining.Yet this method has strengthened the press force of mud fluid column to the shaft bottom landwaste, and particularly in deep-well and ultradeep well drilling well, because huge mud fluid column pressure, simple dependence high-pressure spray means improve drilling speed effect and not obvious.Therefore press for a kind of drill bit that can reduce the shaft bottom local pressure,, improve rate of penetration greatly thereby be implemented under the prerequisite that keeps wellbore stability keeping reducing the mud column pressure of drill bit acting surface under the constant situation of whole well mud head of liquid.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, thereby provide a kind of mud column press force that can reduce shaft bottom drill bit acting surface to improve the drill bit hydraulic structure and the drill bit of drilling speed.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme of being taked: a kind of drill bit hydraulic structure that reduces pressure speed-raising comprises sprue, bit body, runner transition region, water hole, jump ring groove, seal groove and erosion resistance layer, and described sprue, described runner transition region and described water hole are positioned at described bit body; Described runner transition region is communicated with described sprue and described water hole; The axis normal in described runner transition region and described water hole is in the axis of described sprue; Described jump ring groove and described seal groove are positioned at described water hole; Described erosion resistance layer is positioned at described runner transition region surface.
Described sprue is cylindrical, the dead in line of its axis and described bit body; The upper end of described sprue links to each other with drilling fluid passage in the drill string, and its lower end links to each other with described runner transition region.
Described runner transition region comprises the taper contraction section, turns to bending section and the diffuser that makes progress; It is conical that described taper contraction section is; The described bending section that turns to is curved, and its arc core is in drill bit direction of rotation one side; It is described that upwards diffuser is cylindrical, link to each other with described water hole, and the central lines in its center line and described water hole.
Described water hole is cylindrical, and its Way out is consistent with the drill bit direction of rotation; The angle α of the Way out in described water hole and drill axis is 90 °; The radial direction at the central point place in exit, described water hole, with the angle of described water hole axis be β: 0 °＜β＜90 °.
Described jump ring groove is positioned at described water hole inner upper end, is used to place jump ring, so that bit nozzle is fixed in the described water hole.
Described seal groove is positioned at bosom position, water hole, is used to place sealing device, reveals from the gap between nozzle and the described water hole to prevent mud; Described sealing device adopts " O " RunddichtringO and Expansion sealing structure.
Described erosion resistance layer is the method that adopts oxy-acetylene or laser melting coating, and anti-erosion material is applied the surface that is welded in described runner transition region, and applying weldering thickness is 0.2～2.0mm.
The drill bit of described decompression speed-raising uses the drill bit hydraulic structure of decompression speed-raising, and some identical described runner transition region and described water holes can be set in bit body simultaneously.
The present invention will have the water hole Way out of drill bit now, by with the drill axis angle be 0 °～60 °, be adjusted into the drill axis angle be 90 °, and with drill bit angle radially be 0 °～90 °.Slurry flows is behind nozzle, and the downward shaft bottom of directly impacting by original changes over horizontal direction, obtains and the tangent speed of the borehole wall.Induced effect in conjunction with the drill bit rotary speed, after mud penetrates from the water hole, move in a circle with drill bit, near drill bit, form whirlpool, produce a low-pressure area in whirlpool bottom, thereby the mud fluid column press force in shaft bottom is reduced, the shaft bottom landwaste is under action of pressure up and down, left the shaft bottom by pumping, return ground with drilling fluid.On the one hand, drill bit of the present invention produces a local depression whirlpool district in the shaft bottom, reduces the chip hold down of shaft bottom landwaste, realizes the pumping to the shaft bottom landwaste, quickens the removing of landwaste, reduces the repetition fragmentation of landwaste, improves drilling speed; On the other hand owing to do not need powerful slush pump and diesel engine, thereby reduce drilling cost, saved the energy.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is a vertical cross section of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the sectional drawing of drill bit hydraulic structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the vertical sectional view of one embodiment of the invention tricone bit bit leg.
Fig. 4 is the sectional drawing of one embodiment of the invention tricone bit hydraulic structure.
Fig. 5 is the vertical sectional view of one embodiment of the invention PDC drill bit.
Fig. 6 is the sectional drawing of one embodiment of the invention PDC drill bit hydraulic structure.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: describe below in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2.The present invention includes sprue 1, bit body 2, runner transition region 3, water hole 4, jump ring groove 5, seal groove 6 and erosion resistance layer 7, described sprue 1, described runner transition region 3 and described water hole 4 are positioned at described bit body 2; Described runner transition region 3 is communicated with described sprue 1 and described water hole 4; The axis normal in described runner transition region 3 and described water hole 4 is in the axis of described sprue 1; Described jump ring groove 5 is positioned at described water hole 4 with described seal groove 6; Described erosion resistance layer 7 is positioned at described runner transition region 3 surfaces.Described sprue 1 is cylindrical, goes up to link to each other with drilling fluid passage in the drill string, links to each other with described runner transition region 3 down.Described runner transition region 3 comprises taper contraction section 8, turns to bending section 9 and the diffuser 10 that makes progress; It is conical that described taper contraction section 8 is; The described bending section 9 that turns to is curved, and its arc core is in drill bit direction of rotation one side; It is described that upwards diffuser 10 is cylindrical, link to each other with described water hole 4, and the central lines in its center line and described water hole 4.Described water hole 4 is cylindrical, and its Way out is consistent with the drill bit direction of rotation; The angle α of the Way out in described water hole 4 and drill axis is 90 °; The radial direction at the central point place in 4 exits, described water hole, with the angle of described water hole 4 axis be β: 0 °＜β＜90 °.Described jump ring groove 5 is positioned at described water hole 4 inner upper end, is used to place jump ring, bit nozzle is fixed in the described water hole 4.Described seal groove 6 is positioned at water hole 4 bosoms, is used to place sealing device, reveals to prevent mud inner surface outside from nozzle and described water hole 4; Described sealing device adopts " O " RunddichtringO and Expansion sealing structure.Described erosion resistance layer 7 is the methods that adopt oxy-acetylene or laser melting coating, and anti-erosion material is applied the surface that is welded in described runner transition region 3, and applying weldering thickness is 0.2～2.0mm.
Embodiment 2: describe below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 3 and accompanying drawing 4.A kind of tricone bit that reduces pressure speed-raising is made up of bit leg 11, gear wheel 12, sprue 1, runner transition region 3, water hole 4, jump ring groove 5, seal groove 6 and erosion resistance layer 7.Runner transition region 3 by taper contraction section 8, turn to bending section 9 and upwards diffuser 10 form.Three identical runner transition regions 3 and water hole 4 are in 120 ° of same planes that are symmetrically distributed in the bit body 2, and this plane is perpendicular to the axis of sprue 1.In the time of in not being in same plane, it is identical from the spacing of the distance of shaft bottom horizontal plane with described water hole 4 that each organizes described runner transition region 3.In the accompanying drawings, the represented direction of solid arrow is the flow direction of mud in the drill bit.
Its operating principle: drill string drives the tricone bit rotation, and gear wheel 12 rotates broken bottom rock; Drilling fluid enters the sprue 1 of bit leg 11 inside in the drill string, the taper contraction section 8 of the runner transition region 3 of flowing through, speed increases, and pressure reduces, and flows through to turn to bending section 9, velocity attitude by initial radial direction gradually to the direction of rotation transition of drill bit, until forming angle β, the upwards diffuser 10 of flowing through again, drilling liquid pressure increases, in this process, drilling fluid obtains and the tangent speed of the borehole wall; The nozzle inclination directive borehole wall of drilling fluid from water hole 4, the pressure in drilling fluid 4 exits in the water hole increases rapidly, upwards flowing cutting carring fast when the well direction flows, under the effect of tangential velocity, move in a circle around borehole axis, occur one at this moment between the annular space of bit body 2 external surfaces and the borehole wall than Maelstrom, in the whirlpool bottom is that the shaft bottom produces a low-pressure area, the mud fluid column reduces at the press force in shaft bottom, is left the shaft bottom by pumping, returns ground with drilling fluid.Erosion resistance layer 7 is to adopt anti-erosion material to apply the surface that is welded in runner transition region 3, to improve the anti-erosion property of runner transition region 3 under the high speed drilling fluid washes away, the application life of improving drill bit.
Embodiment 3: describe below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 5 and accompanying drawing 6.A kind of decompression speed-raising PDC drill bit is made up of bit body 2, runner 1, runner transition region 3, water hole 4, jump ring groove 5, seal groove 6, erosion resistance layer 7, wing 13 and diamond composite sheet-PDC14.Runner transition region 3 by taper contraction section 8, turn to bending section 9 and upwards diffuser 10 form.As required, identical runner transition region 3 and the water hole 4 of 1-10 group can be set in bit body 2, present embodiment adopts 4 groups of identical runner transition regions 3 and water hole 4, be in 90 ° of same planes that are symmetrically distributed in the bit body 2, and this plane is perpendicular to the axis of sprue 1.Every group of described runner transition region 3 and described water hole 4 can be all identical or inequality from the distance of shaft bottom horizontal plane, and when inequality, adjacent every group or per two groups, per three groups of described runner transition regions 3 are identical from the spacing of the distance of shaft bottom horizontal plane with described water hole 4.
Its operating principle: drill string drives the rotation of PDC drill bit, and the diamond composite sheet on the wing 13-PDC14 rotates the scraping bottom rock; Drilling fluid enters in the sprue 1 of bit body 2 inside in drill string, the taper contraction section 8 of the runner transition region 3 of flowing through, speed increases, and pressure reduces, and flows through to turn to bending section 9, velocity attitude by initial radial direction gradually to the direction of rotation transition of drill bit, until forming angle β, the upwards diffuser 10 of flowing through again, drilling liquid pressure increases, in this process, drilling fluid obtains and the tangent speed of the borehole wall; The nozzle inclination directive borehole wall of drilling fluid from water hole 4, the pressure in drilling fluid 4 exits in the water hole increases rapidly, upwards flowing cutting carring fast when the well direction flows, under the effect of tangential velocity, move in a circle around borehole axis, occur one than Maelstrom near bit body 2 external surfaces and between the annular space of the borehole wall at this moment, in the whirlpool bottom is that the shaft bottom produces a low-pressure area, the mud fluid column reduces at the press force in shaft bottom, the shaft bottom landwaste is in 4 exits, water hole up and down under the action of pressure, left the shaft bottom by pumping, return ground with drilling fluid.Erosion resistance layer 7 is to adopt anti-erosion material to apply the surface that is welded in runner transition region 3, to improve the anti-erosion property of runner transition region 3 under the high speed drilling fluid washes away, the application life of improving drill bit.
Claims (10)
- One kind reduce pressure the speed-raising the drill bit hydraulic structure, comprise bit body (2), sprue (1), runner transition region (3), water hole (4), jump ring groove (5), seal groove (6) and erosion resistance layer (7), it is characterized in that: described sprue (1), described runner transition region (3) and described water hole (4) are positioned at described bit body (2), described runner transition region (3) is communicated with described sprue (1) and described water hole (4), the axis normal of described runner transition region (3) and described water hole (4) is in the axis of described sprue (1), described jump ring groove (5) is positioned at described water hole (4) with described seal groove (6), and described erosion resistance layer (7) is positioned at described runner transition region (3) surface; Described sprue (1) is cylindrical, the dead in line of its axis and described bit body (2); The upper end of described sprue (1) links to each other with drilling fluid passage in the drill string, and its lower end links to each other with described runner transition region (3); Runner transition region (3) comprises taper contraction section (8), turns to bending section (9) and the diffuser (10) that makes progress; It is conical that described taper contraction section (8) is; The described bending section (9) that turns to is curved, and its arc core is in drill bit direction of rotation one side; It is described that upwards diffuser (10) is cylindrical, link to each other with described water hole (4), and the central lines of its center line and described water hole (4); Water hole (4) is cylindrical, and its Way out is consistent with the drill bit direction of rotation; The Way out in described water hole (4) and the angle α of drill axis are 90 °; The radial direction at the central point place in exit, described water hole (4), with the angle of described water hole (4) axis be β: 0 °＜β＜90 °.
- 2. the drill bit hydraulic structure of a kind of speed-raising of reducing pressure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: jump ring groove (5) is positioned at described water hole (4) inner upper end, is used to place jump ring, bit nozzle is fixed in the described water hole (4).
- 3. the drill bit hydraulic structure of a kind of speed-raising of reducing pressure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: seal groove (6) is positioned at bosom position, described water hole (4), be used to place sealing device, described sealing device adopts " O " RunddichtringO and Expansion sealing structure.
- 4. the drill bit hydraulic structure of a kind of speed-raising of reducing pressure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: erosion resistance layer (7) is to adopt oxy-acetylene, laser melting coating or plasma arc welding (PAW), anti-erosion material is applied the surface that is welded in described runner transition region (3), and applying weldering thickness is 0.2～2.0mm.
- One kind reduce pressure the speed-raising drill bit, this drill bit is a tricone bit, bit leg (11) and gear wheel (12) that three fractured rocks are arranged on the bit body (2), it is characterized in that: comprise the described drill bit hydraulic structure of claim 1, three groups of identical described runner transition regions (3) and described water hole (4) are 120 ° and are symmetrically distributed in the described bit body (2).
- 6. the drill bit of decompression speed-raising according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: every group of described runner transition region (3) and described water hole (4) all are in the same plane.
- 7. the drill bit of decompression speed-raising according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: every group of described runner transition region (3) and described water hole (4) all are not in the same plane, and it is identical from the spacing of the distance of shaft bottom horizontal plane with described water hole (4) that each organizes described runner transition region (3).
- One kind reduce pressure the speed-raising drill bit, this drill bit is the PDC drill bit, diamond composite sheet-PDC (14) that fractured rock is arranged on the bit body (2), it is characterized in that: comprise the described drill bit hydraulic structure of claim 1, in the described bit body (2) 1～10 group of identical described runner transition region (3) and described water hole (4) can be set simultaneously, each organizes described runner transition region (3) and described water hole (4) are symmetrically distributed in the described bit body (2) along circumference.
- 9. decompression speed-raising drill bit according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: every group of described runner transition region (3) is all identical from the distance of shaft bottom horizontal plane with described water hole (4)
- 10. decompression speed-raising drill bit according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: every group of described runner transition region (3) and described water hole (4) are inequality from the distance of shaft bottom horizontal plane, and adjacent every group or per two groups, per three groups of described runner transition regions (3) are identical from the spacing of the distance of shaft bottom horizontal plane with described water hole (4).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010282192 CN101942967A (en) | 2010-09-15 | 2010-09-15 | Bit hydraulic structure capable of reducing pressure and accelerating speed and drilling bit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010282192 CN101942967A (en) | 2010-09-15 | 2010-09-15 | Bit hydraulic structure capable of reducing pressure and accelerating speed and drilling bit |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101942967A true CN101942967A (en) | 2011-01-12 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201010282192 Pending CN101942967A (en) | 2010-09-15 | 2010-09-15 | Bit hydraulic structure capable of reducing pressure and accelerating speed and drilling bit |
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| CN (1) | CN101942967A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103776712A (en) * | 2012-10-20 | 2014-05-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Simulation bit for determining drilling characteristic of PDC |
| CN104373044A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-02-25 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Tangential injection type whirl flow jet flow grinding drill bit for horizontal well |
| CN111255383A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-09 | 西南石油大学 | Dysmorphism gradual change formula geophysical prospecting drill bit runner structure |
| CN113944431A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-01-18 | 成都迪普金刚石钻头有限责任公司 | Hydraulic auxiliary rock breaking PDC drill bit and auxiliary rock breaking method |
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| US4083417A (en) * | 1976-11-12 | 1978-04-11 | Arnold James F | Jetting apparatus |
| SU1541370A1 (en) * | 1986-11-21 | 1990-02-07 | Московский Институт Нефти И Газа Им.И.М.Губкина | Roller-bit drill |
| CN2178779Y (en) * | 1993-09-29 | 1994-10-05 | 钟国强 | Grinding wheel burs with strengthen plating |
| WO1996024744A1 (en) * | 1995-02-07 | 1996-08-15 | Brit Bit Limited | Improvements in or relating to drill bits |
| CN2732976Y (en) * | 2004-10-10 | 2005-10-12 | 中国石化集团胜利石油管理局钻井工艺研究院 | Downhole hydraulic pumping pressure-reducing drilling tool |
| CN201180497Y (en) * | 2008-04-10 | 2009-01-14 | 中国京冶工程技术有限公司 | Single tube all-directional drilling injection slip casting drilling bit of auxiliary slip casting hole capable of hydraulic controlling open-and-close |
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2010
- 2010-09-15 CN CN 201010282192 patent/CN101942967A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4083417A (en) * | 1976-11-12 | 1978-04-11 | Arnold James F | Jetting apparatus |
| SU1541370A1 (en) * | 1986-11-21 | 1990-02-07 | Московский Институт Нефти И Газа Им.И.М.Губкина | Roller-bit drill |
| CN2178779Y (en) * | 1993-09-29 | 1994-10-05 | 钟国强 | Grinding wheel burs with strengthen plating |
| WO1996024744A1 (en) * | 1995-02-07 | 1996-08-15 | Brit Bit Limited | Improvements in or relating to drill bits |
| CN2732976Y (en) * | 2004-10-10 | 2005-10-12 | 中国石化集团胜利石油管理局钻井工艺研究院 | Downhole hydraulic pumping pressure-reducing drilling tool |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103776712A (en) * | 2012-10-20 | 2014-05-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Simulation bit for determining drilling characteristic of PDC |
| CN104373044A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-02-25 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Tangential injection type whirl flow jet flow grinding drill bit for horizontal well |
| CN111255383A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-09 | 西南石油大学 | Dysmorphism gradual change formula geophysical prospecting drill bit runner structure |
| CN113944431A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-01-18 | 成都迪普金刚石钻头有限责任公司 | Hydraulic auxiliary rock breaking PDC drill bit and auxiliary rock breaking method |
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Application publication date: 20110112 |